CN115321488B - Method for preparing self-dispersion nano metal oxide - Google Patents

Method for preparing self-dispersion nano metal oxide Download PDF

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CN115321488B
CN115321488B CN202210762773.8A CN202210762773A CN115321488B CN 115321488 B CN115321488 B CN 115321488B CN 202210762773 A CN202210762773 A CN 202210762773A CN 115321488 B CN115321488 B CN 115321488B
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weak acid
metal oxide
metal salt
self
nano metal
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CN115321488A (en
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郑敏
王作山
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Suzhou Meinafu Health Technology Co ltd
Suzhou University
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Suzhou Meinafu Health Technology Co ltd
Suzhou University
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B13/00Oxygen; Ozone; Oxides or hydroxides in general
    • C01B13/14Methods for preparing oxides or hydroxides in general
    • C01B13/32Methods for preparing oxides or hydroxides in general by oxidation or hydrolysis of elements or compounds in the liquid or solid state or in non-aqueous solution, e.g. sol-gel process
    • C01B13/328Methods for preparing oxides or hydroxides in general by oxidation or hydrolysis of elements or compounds in the liquid or solid state or in non-aqueous solution, e.g. sol-gel process by processes making use of emulsions, e.g. the kerosine process
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82YSPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y40/00Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01GCOMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
    • C01G3/00Compounds of copper
    • C01G3/02Oxides; Hydroxides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01GCOMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
    • C01G9/00Compounds of zinc
    • C01G9/02Oxides; Hydroxides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/01Particle morphology depicted by an image
    • C01P2004/03Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by SEM
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/01Particle morphology depicted by an image
    • C01P2004/04Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by TEM, STEM, STM or AFM
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/51Particles with a specific particle size distribution
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/60Particles characterised by their size
    • C01P2004/64Nanometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 nanometer

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Colloid Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oxygen, Ozone, And Oxides In General (AREA)
  • Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for preparing self-dispersing nano metal oxide. Adding a weak acid metal salt compound into a solvent system comprising an organic alcohol solvent and a surfactant, heating a precursor which is prepared to obtain the weak acid metal salt compound in an undissolved state in a microwave or high-pressure reaction kettle, realizing slow hydrolysis of metal salt, releasing weak acid at the same time, and uniformly generating metal oxide to obtain the self-dispersible nano metal oxide. The invention utilizes weak acid self-release of weak acid salt to relieve agglomeration of metal hydroxide sol, solves the thermodynamic stability problem of nano material in thermodynamic equilibrium state and agglomeration layering problem brought by interface energy, thereby preparing nano metal oxide with uniform size and shape without secondary dispersion in one step. The technical scheme of the invention has the advantages of simple and quick preparation process, high yield, no need of dispersion, convenient use and the like, and is beneficial to industrial production and application.

Description

Method for preparing self-dispersion nano metal oxide
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for preparing self-dispersion nano metal oxide by weak acid self-release, belonging to the technical field of material preparation and application.
Background
The nano metal oxide as one kind of functional material has unique microstructure and several special performances and is significant in industrial and civil application. At present, the preparation method of the small-size metal oxide comprises a solid-phase reaction method, a liquid-phase method, a hydrothermal method, a microemulsion method and a sol-gel method. However, these methods are relatively complex, and the synthesized oxides are difficult to disperse, which affects the application. Before the present invention is made, the literature reports a preparation method of copper oxide nano particles (j. Chemical intermediate, stage 09 in 2010), and proposes some preparation methods of small-size copper oxide, such as a solid-phase reaction method, a liquid-phase method, a hydrothermal method, a microemulsion method, a sol-gel method, etc., wherein the preparation method is carried out by filtering, calcining and drying, and dispersing before use. Therefore, finding a preparation method suitable for self-dispersing metal oxide has important significance for application expansion of nano metal oxide.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention provides the method for preparing the nano metal oxide, which has the advantages of green, environment-friendly, simple and efficient production process, uniform product size and low cost, by utilizing weak acid self-release.
The technical scheme for realizing the aim of the invention is to provide a method for preparing self-dispersion nano metal oxide, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding a weak acid metal salt compound into a reaction solvent system at room temperature to prepare a precursor of which the weak acid metal salt compound is in an undissolved state; the reaction solvent system comprises an organic alcohol solvent and a surfactant;
(2) And (3) putting the precursor prepared in the step (1) into a reaction kettle within 5 minutes, quickly heating the temperature in the reaction kettle to 150-200 ℃ within 30 minutes, starting a built-in stirrer of the reaction kettle, slowly hydrolyzing the weak acid metal salt under the heat preservation condition, releasing the weak acid, and uniformly generating self-dispersed nano metal oxide under the action of the weak acid.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the weak acid metal salt compound comprises one of carboxylate, carbonate, citrate and gluconate. The organic alcohol solvent comprises one of glycol, n-butanol, glycerol, polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol. The surfactant comprises one of polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl amide, polyacrylamide, melamine, organic silicon resin, polypeptide and hyaluronic acid. The molar concentration of the weak acid metal salt compound in the reaction solvent system is 0.01-0.5 mol/L. In the reaction solvent system, the mass percentage of the surfactant is 0.05-0.15%.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the rapid heating method in the step (2) is microwave heating or high-pressure reaction kettle heating; the reaction time is 15-120 min.
The invention is based on the principle that: the weak acid self-release of weak acid salt is utilized to relieve the agglomeration of metal hydroxide sol, and the thermodynamic stability problem in a thermodynamic equilibrium state and the agglomeration layering problem brought by interface energy are solved, so that the nano metal oxide with small size, uniform morphology and no need of secondary dispersion is prepared in one step. Particularly, the weak acid metal salt compound does not need to be dissolved in advance, but reacts while being dissolved in the heating reaction process so as to achieve the synchronism of sol dissolution; the slowly separated weak acid can effectively control sol agglomeration; in order to promote the reaction, stirring is assisted in the reaction process, so that reactants are heated uniformly, and the preparation period is shortened greatly.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention utilizes weak acid self-release of weak acid salt to relieve agglomeration of metal hydroxide sol, overcomes the problems of harsh preparation conditions, long reaction time, difficult dispersion and the like of nano metal oxide, which are unfavorable for wide application, and realizes the one-step preparation of nano metal oxide with uniform size, uniform morphology and no need of secondary dispersion.
2. The novel environment-friendly, low-cost, simple and efficient preparation method provided by the invention has the advantages of simple and rapid preparation process, low energy consumption, high yield, no need of dispersion, convenience in use and the like, and is beneficial to industrial production and application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an SEM image of the product prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a TEM electron micrograph of the product prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the particle size distribution of nano zinc oxide prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below with reference to the attached drawings and specific embodiments.
Example 1
Weighing 100 mL polyethylene glycol, pouring the polyethylene glycol into a beaker, adding a small amount of PVP (polyvinyl pyrrolidone) according to the mass percentage of 0.1%, stirring to form a clear solvent system, pouring the solvent system into a three-neck flask, adding zinc acetate dihydrate according to the concentration of 0.05 mol/L, rapidly heating the three-neck flask to 150 ℃ within 30 minutes under the condition that microwaves are 800W in 5 minutes, starting a stirrer, slowly hydrolyzing the zinc acetate dihydrate under the heat preservation condition, simultaneously releasing weak acid, uniformly generating nano zinc oxide under the action of the weak acid, taking out after 30 minutes, and obtaining the milky nano zinc oxide emulsion.
Referring to fig. 1, an SEM scanning electron microscope image of the nano zinc oxide emulsion prepared according to the technical scheme of the embodiment is shown; as can be seen from FIG. 1, the nano zinc oxide has a rod shape, is uniformly dispersed without agglomeration, has a transverse diameter of about 20nm, and has a longitudinal length of about 100nm.
Referring to fig. 2, a TEM transmission electron microscope image of the nano zinc oxide emulsion prepared in this example is shown.
Referring to fig. 3, a graph of particle size analysis of the nano zinc oxide prepared in this example is shown. The particle size analysis result shows that the average particle size is 80nm, the distribution is uniform, and the self-dispersibility of the nano material is further verified by only one peak.
Example 2
Measuring 100 mL glycol, pouring the glycol into a beaker, adding a small amount of polyacrylamide according to the mass percentage of 0.1%, stirring to form a clear solution as a solvent system, pouring the solvent system into a three-neck flask, adding copper powder acetate monohydrate according to the concentration ratio of 0.05 mol/L, placing the three-neck flask into a high-temperature high-pressure reaction kettle within 5 minutes, quickly heating to 170 ℃ within 30 minutes, starting a stirrer, preserving heat for 60 minutes, slowly hydrolyzing the copper acetate monohydrate, releasing weak acid, and uniformly generating nano copper oxide under the action of the weak acid to obtain brown nano copper oxide emulsion.
Example 3
Weighing 100 mL glycerol, pouring the glycerol into a beaker, adding a small amount of hyaluronic acid according to the mass percentage of 0.15%, and stirring to form a clear solution serving as a solvent system; pouring the solvent system into a three-necked flask, adding zinc citrate dihydrate powder according to the concentration ratio of 0.05 mol/L, placing the three-necked flask into the microwave condition of 800W within 5 minutes, quickly heating to 150 ℃ within 10 minutes, starting stirring, continuously preserving heat for 30 minutes, and taking out to obtain the milky nano zinc oxide emulsion.

Claims (4)

1. A method for preparing self-dispersing nano metal oxide, characterized by comprising the steps of:
(1) Adding a weak acid metal salt compound into a reaction solvent system at room temperature to prepare a precursor of which the weak acid metal salt compound is in an undissolved state; the reaction solvent system consists of an organic alcohol solvent and a surfactant; the weak acid metal salt compound comprises one of carboxylate and citrate; the molar concentration of the weak acid metal salt compound in the reaction solvent system is 0.01-0.5 mol/L; the organic alcohol solvent comprises one of glycol, n-butanol, glycerol, polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol;
(2) And (3) putting the precursor prepared in the step (1) into a reaction kettle within 5 minutes, quickly heating the temperature in the reaction kettle to 150-200 ℃ within 30 minutes, starting a built-in stirrer of the reaction kettle, slowly hydrolyzing the weak acid metal salt under the heat preservation condition, releasing the weak acid, and uniformly generating self-dispersed nano metal oxide under the action of the weak acid.
2. A method of preparing self-dispersing nano metal oxides according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the reaction solvent system, the mass percentage of the surfactant is 0.05-0.15%.
3. A method of preparing self-dispersing nano metal oxides according to claim 1, characterized in that: the surfactant comprises one of polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl amide, polyacrylamide, melamine, organic silicon resin, polypeptide and hyaluronic acid.
4. A method of preparing self-dispersing nano metal oxides according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rapid heating method in the step (2) is microwave heating or high-pressure reaction kettle heating; the reaction time is 15-120 min.
CN202210762773.8A 2022-06-30 2022-06-30 Method for preparing self-dispersion nano metal oxide Active CN115321488B (en)

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