CN115319459A - Efficient speed reducer assembling process - Google Patents
Efficient speed reducer assembling process Download PDFInfo
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- CN115319459A CN115319459A CN202210990152.5A CN202210990152A CN115319459A CN 115319459 A CN115319459 A CN 115319459A CN 202210990152 A CN202210990152 A CN 202210990152A CN 115319459 A CN115319459 A CN 115319459A
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- speed reducer
- output shaft
- moving plate
- main body
- nut
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P21/00—Machines for assembling a multiplicity of different parts to compose units, with or without preceding or subsequent working of such parts, e.g. with programme control
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16N—LUBRICATING
- F16N21/00—Conduits; Junctions; Fittings for lubrication apertures
- F16N21/02—Lubricating nipples
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16N—LUBRICATING
- F16N23/00—Special adaptations of check valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16N—LUBRICATING
- F16N9/00—Arrangements for supplying oil or unspecified lubricant from a moving reservoir or the equivalent
- F16N9/04—Arrangements for supplying oil or unspecified lubricant from a moving reservoir or the equivalent with reservoir on or in a reciprocating, rocking, or swinging member
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Automobile Manufacture Line, Endless Track Vehicle, Trailer (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of speed reducer assembly, and provides a high-efficiency speed reducer assembly process, which comprises a speed reducer assembly table, a main engine, a speed reducer moving plate and a speed reducer main body, wherein the speed reducer assembly table is provided with a main engine body and a speed reducer main body; the speed reducer moving plate which is moved by manual and electric hybrid control is arranged, and then the speed reducer main body which is precisely moved and fixed on the speed reducer moving plate is slowly and stably connected with the output shaft of the main engine, so that the energy consumption can be reduced and the assembly cost can be reduced while the efficient and stable assembly of the speed reducer is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of speed reducer assembly, and particularly relates to an efficient speed reducer assembly process.
Background
When the shaft-mounted speed reducer is used, the speed reducer is directly sleeved on a main shaft of a working machine, and the shaft-mounted speed reducer and a driving shaft are in transition fit, so that the assembly is very inconvenient.
At present, when a shaft-mounted speed reducer is used, the speed reducer is generally hoisted by a hoisting device, a shaft hole or a shaft on the speed reducer is located at a position corresponding to a driving shaft, then the speed reducer is knocked by a copper bar or other heavy devices, and the driving shaft or a driving shaft sleeve enters the shaft hole or the shaft on the speed reducer.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide an efficient speed reducer assembling process, and aims to solve the existing problems.
The invention is realized in this way, a high-efficiency structure diagram of speed reducer assembling process, comprising: the speed reducer comprises a speed reducer assembly stand, a main engine, a speed reducer moving plate and a speed reducer main body; the main engine is arranged at one end of the speed reducer assembly table, an output shaft is connected to one side, facing the speed reducer assembly table, of the main engine, a speed reducer moving plate is movably arranged at the top of the speed reducer assembly table, a speed reducer main body is detachably mounted on the speed reducer moving plate, the input end of the speed reducer main body faces the output shaft, the position of the speed reducer moving plate is adjusted to enable the input end of the speed reducer main body to be connected with the output shaft in a sleeved mode, a lubricating device is telescopically arranged on one side wall, facing the output shaft, of the speed reducer moving plate, an oil spray gun is communicated with the end portion of the lubricating device and used for spraying and lubricating the inside and the outside of the output shaft, smoothness when the output shaft is connected with the input end of the speed reducer main body is enhanced, a Y-direction power mechanism and an X-direction power mechanism are sequentially arranged at the bottom of the speed reducer moving plate, a Z-direction power mechanism is arranged on one side, far away from the output shaft, the Y-direction power mechanism is mounted at the top of the X-direction power mechanism, the Z-direction power mechanism is mounted on one side of the Y-direction power mechanism, namely the X-direction power mechanism is used for driving the Y-direction power mechanism to circularly move, the Y-direction moving plate to move the Y-direction to move, and drive the moving plate to circularly move the moving plate to move, and move the moving plate to move the speed reducer moving plate to move, so as to accurately control the speed reducer moving plate to be connected with the output shaft, and the speed reducer assembly plate, and the output shaft.
According to the efficient speed reducer assembling process, the speed reducer moving plate which is moved by manual and electric hybrid control is arranged, and then the speed reducer main body which is accurately moved and fixed on the speed reducer moving plate is slowly and stably connected with the output shaft of the main motor, so that the efficient and stable assembly of the speed reducer is ensured, the energy consumption is reduced, and the assembly cost is reduced;
through the transmission mode that sets up multiunit ball and nut, when simple structure, but the removal that remains stable again, and set up the oil spray gun and treat the output shaft of connecting in advance and lubricate the fat liquoring for the smoothness nature of output shaft and speed reducer main part input shaft.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an efficient speed reducer assembling process.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a high-efficiency speed reducer assembly process.
Fig. 3 is a schematic top view of an efficient speed reducer assembling process.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a speed reducer moving plate in an efficient speed reducer assembling process.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a speed reducer assembly table in an efficient speed reducer assembly process.
Fig. 6 is a schematic top view of a lubricating device in an efficient speed reducer assembling process.
Fig. 7 is a schematic front view of a lubricating device in an efficient speed reducer assembling process.
FIG. 8 is an enlarged schematic view of A1 in FIG. 4;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a positioning mechanism in an efficient speed reducer assembling process;
in the drawings: the device comprises a speed reducer assembling table 10, a driving machine 11, a positioning mechanism 12, an output shaft 13, a speed reducer moving plate 14, an X-direction slide rail 15, an X-direction slider 16, an X-direction nut 17, an X-direction ball screw 18, a servo motor 19, a Y-direction moving plate 20, a Y-direction ball screw 21, a Y-direction nut 22, a Y-direction rotating handle 23, a Y-direction supporting plate 24, a Z-direction lifting cylinder 25, a Z-direction ball screw 26, a Z-direction nut 27, a Z-direction rotating handle 28, a speed reducer main body 29, a lubricating device 30, a lubricating oil tank 31, a sliding rod 32, an oil outlet valve 33, a tank nut 34, a tank screw 35, a handle 36, a sliding groove 37, corrugations 38, an oil spray gun 39, a fastening block 40, a V-shaped swinging rod 41, a sliding plate 42, a ratchet wheel 43, a rotating limiting plate 44, a rotating shaft 45, a swinging plate 46, a spring 47, a pressing rod 48, a limiting slider 49 and an adjusting screw 50.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Specific implementations of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, a structure diagram of an assembly process of a speed reducer with high efficiency provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes: the speed reducer assembly stand 10, the driving machine 11, the speed reducer moving plate 14 and the speed reducer main body 29; the main engine 11 is arranged at one end of the speed reducer assembly table 10, an output shaft 13 is connected to one side of the main engine 11 facing the speed reducer assembly table 10, a speed reducer moving plate 14 is movably arranged at the top of the speed reducer assembly table 10, a speed reducer main body 29 is detachably mounted on the speed reducer moving plate 14, the input end of the speed reducer main body 29 faces the output shaft 13, then the position of the speed reducer moving plate 14 is adjusted to connect the input end of the speed reducer main body 29 and the output shaft 13 in a sleeved mode, a lubricating device 30 is telescopically arranged on one side wall of the speed reducer moving plate 14 facing the output shaft 13, an oil spray gun 39 is communicated with the end portion of the lubricating device 30 in a clamping sleeve mode, the oil spray gun 39 is used for spraying and lubricating the inside and the outside of the output shaft 13, and fluency when the output shaft 13 is connected with the input end of the speed reducer main body 29 is enhanced, the bottom of the speed reducer moving plate 14 is sequentially provided with a Y-direction power mechanism and an X-direction power mechanism, one side, far away from the output shaft 13, of the speed reducer moving plate 14 is provided with a Z-direction power mechanism, the Y-direction power mechanism is installed at the top of the X-direction power mechanism, the Z-direction power mechanism is installed at one side of the Y-direction power mechanism, one side of the speed reducer moving plate 14 is installed on the Z-direction power mechanism, namely the X-direction power mechanism runs to drive the Y-direction power mechanism to circularly move along the X direction, the Y-direction power mechanism runs to drive the Z-direction power mechanism to circularly move along the Y direction, the Z-direction power mechanism runs to drive the speed reducer moving plate 14 to circularly lift, the function of adjusting the position of the speed reducer moving plate 14 along the X, Y and Z directions is further realized, and the input end of a speed reducer main body 29 arranged on the speed reducer moving plate 14 is rapidly and accurately controlled to be assembled and connected with the output shaft 13.
In the embodiment of the invention, a plurality of groups of positioning mechanisms 12 are arranged at the top of the reducer moving plate 14 in a sliding manner, the positioning mechanisms 12 are used for positioning a reducer main body 29 arranged on the reducer moving plate 14, the input end of the reducer main body 29 is connected with the output shaft 13 and mainly moves along the X direction, the servo motor 19 is connected to one end of the X-direction power mechanism far away from the main motor 11, and the reducer moving plate 14 is adjusted only by short-distance fine adjustment in the Y direction and the Z direction, so that in order to save energy consumption, a manual rotation driving mode is adopted, and the energy consumption is reduced while the rotation speed of the reducer main body 29 and the main motor 11 is not reduced through manual and electric energy matching;
the corrugations 38 are uniformly distributed on the top of the reducer moving plate 14, and the corrugations 38 are used for increasing the friction force between the reducer main body 29 arranged on the reducer moving plate 14 and the reducer moving plate 14 in positioning, so that the stability of the reducer moving plate 14 after being fixed is increased.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the X-direction power mechanism includes X-direction slide rails 15 mounted on the top of the reducer moving plate 14 along the Y-direction two sides, two ends of the X-direction slide rails 15 respectively extend to two ends of the top of the reducer assembling table 10, and an X-direction slider 16 is slidably connected to the X-direction slide rails 15, a group of Y-direction moving discs 20 are commonly connected to the tops of the X-direction slider 16 on two sides, the vertical section of the Y-direction moving disc 20 is configured as an inverted isosceles T-shaped structure, and the top is configured as an open shape, wherein the X-direction slider 16 on one side is connected to an L-shaped X-direction nut 17 along the Y-direction far from the reducer assembling table 10, the vertical section of the X-direction nut 17 is threadedly connected to an X-direction ball screw 18 distributed along the X-direction, one end of the X-direction ball screw 18 is connected to a servo motor 19, the other side is rotatably fixed on the side wall of the reducer assembling table 10 through a support sleeve rod, a phase guide device for limiting rotation is provided on the X-direction nut 17, that the X-direction nut 19 drives the X-direction ball screw 18 to rotate, then synchronously drives the X-direction slider 17 to move along the X-direction slide rails 15, and then synchronously controls the two groups of slider 16 to move down along the Y-direction slide rails 15.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the Y-direction power mechanism comprises a Y-direction ball screw 21 which is rotatably connected inside the Y-direction moving disk 20 along the Y direction, one end of the Y-direction ball screw 21 movably penetrates through the end wall of the Y-direction moving disk 20 and is connected with a Y-direction rotating handle 23 outwards, a Y-direction nut 22 is connected on the Y-direction ball screw 21 in a threaded manner, a phase guide device for limiting the rotation of the Y-direction nut 22 is arranged on the Y-direction nut 22, a Y-direction supporting plate 24 which slides along the Y direction on the top of the Y-direction moving disk 20, the bottom of the Y-direction supporting plate 24 is connected with the top of the Y-direction nut 22, namely the Y-direction supporting plate 24 is synchronously driven to move along the Y direction when the Y-direction ball screw 21 circularly moves.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the Z-direction power mechanism comprises a Z-direction lifting cylinder 25 fixedly arranged on the side wall of the Y-direction supporting plate 24 far away from the output shaft 13, a Z-direction ball screw 26 is rotatably arranged in the Z-direction lifting cylinder 25, a Z-direction nut 27 is in threaded connection with the Z-direction ball screw 26, a phase guide device for limiting rotation is arranged on the Z-direction nut 27, a Z-direction rotating handle 28 is connected with the bottom end of the Z-direction ball screw 26 movably through the bottom end of the Z-direction lifting cylinder 25, a sliding opening is arranged on one side of the Z-direction lifting cylinder 25 facing the speed reducer moving plate 14, the Z-direction nut 27 is connected to the side wall of the speed reducer moving plate 14 through a connecting rod in the direction of the sliding opening, namely the Z-direction rotating handle 28 is manually rotated to drive the Z-direction ball screw 26 to rotate, then, the Z-direction nut 27 is driven to lift along the Z-direction ball screw 26, then the height of the reducer moving plate 14 is synchronously adjusted under the connection of the connecting rod, as the height of the reducer assembling table 10 is not greatly different from the height of the main engine 11, and the height of the input end of the reducer main body 29 arranged on the reducer moving plate 14 is not greatly different from the height of the output shaft 13, the height of the reducer moving plate 14 is adjusted through the Z-direction nut 27, and only simple fine adjustment is carried out on the input end of the reducer main body 29, so that the height of the reducer main body 29 can be integrally controlled in a mode of manually rotating the Z-direction rotating handle 28 to control the rotation of the Z-direction ball screw 26 without paying large force;
meanwhile, the Z-direction ball screw 26 and the Z-direction rotating handle 28 are detachably connected, the Y-direction ball screw 21 and the Y-direction rotating handle 23 are connected with each other, the end parts of the Z-direction ball screw can be connected with an electric drive according to needs, and the selection can be changed and adjusted in the actual application process.
Referring to fig. 6-7, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lubricating device 30 includes a sliding hole penetrating along the X direction in a side wall of the reducer moving plate 14, a lubricating oil tank 31 is slidably connected inside the sliding hole, sliding rods 32 are installed on two sides of the lubricating oil tank 31, a sliding way is opened in the sliding hole corresponding to the sliding rod 32, one side of the lubricating oil tank 31 facing the output shaft 13 is communicated with an oil outlet valve 33, an end portion of the oil outlet valve 33 is connected to an oil spray gun 39 in a snap-fit manner, a side of the bottom of the lubricating oil tank 31 away from the output shaft 13 is connected to an oil tank nut 34, a transverse oil tank lead screw 35 is threadedly connected to the oil tank nut 34, one end of the oil tank lead screw 35 away from the output shaft 13 is connected to a handle 36, the oil tank lead screw 35 and the oil tank nut 34 are disposed at an inner bottom of the sliding hole, the handle 36 is disposed outside the sliding hole, a phase guiding device for limiting the rotation of the oil tank nut 34 is disposed, that the handle 36 is manually rotated to drive the oil tank 35 to rotate, and then control the oil tank 31 to drive the lubricating oil spray gun 31 to move along the sliding hole, thereby adjusting the position of the external oil spray gun 39 to lubricate the output shaft 13 in advance.
Referring to fig. 8-9, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, sliding grooves 37 are formed on both sides of the top of the speed reducer moving plate 14 along the X direction, two ends of the sliding grooves 37 are symmetrically and slidably connected with limit sliders 49, a sliding plate 42 is installed on the top of the limit slider 49, one side of the sliding plate 42 is threadedly connected with a vertical adjusting screw 50, the adjusting screw 50 is lifted and lowered to adjust the position of the bottom in the sliding groove 37, thereby limiting the sliding of the limit slider 49 inside the sliding groove 37, one side of the top of the sliding plate 42 is provided with a set of ratchet wheels 43, the ratchet wheels 43 are connected with a support sleeve for rotational positioning in the direction of the sliding plate 42, and a rotation limit plate 44 is provided when the ratchet wheels 43 are in embedded contact with one side of the adjusting screw 50, one end of the rotation limit plate 44 is connected with a rotating shaft 45, one side of the rotating shaft 45 is connected with a swing plate 46, the rotating sleeve rod is connected with the rotating sleeve rod in the direction of the sliding plate 42, while a V-shaped swing rod 41 is connected to the side of the ratchet wheels 43 away from the rotating limit plate 44, a fastening block 40 of the V-shaped swing rod 41 is installed at the bottom end, the rotating ratchet wheels 43 to control the block 40 to move downward against the fastening block 40, and then, when the ratchet wheels 43 are pulled by the elastic spring 47, the rotating block 47, the ratchet wheels 43, the rotating block can be pulled to keep the rotating block 40, and the rotating block 39, and the rotating block 40, and the rotating block 47, and the rotating block can be lifted by the rotating block 40, and the rotating block 44, and the rotating block is lifted spring 47, and the rotating block is kept rotating block is lifted spring 40, and the rotating block is lifted by the rotating block 44, and the rotating block is kept in the rotating block 43;
the swing plate 46 on the top of the spring 47 is provided with a pressing rod 48, and the height of the swing plate 46 can be quickly adjusted by manually pulling the pressing rod 48, so that the limitation of the rotation limiting plate 44 on the ratchet wheel 43 can be controlled.
The embodiment of the invention provides a high-efficiency speed reducer assembling process, which comprises the following steps:
(1) The driving machine 11 to be assembled is arranged on one side of the speed reducer assembling table 10, the output shaft 13 of the driving machine is made to face the speed reducer assembling table 10, and the driving machine 11 is fixed;
(2) The speed reducer body 29 is placed on the speed reducer moving plate 14, the input of the speed reducer body 29 is opposite to the direction of the output shaft 13, then four groups of lubricating devices 30 are arranged at four corners of the speed reducer body 29 by moving the position of the limit slide block 49 in the slide groove 37, and then the ratchet wheel 43 is rotated to tightly press the fastening block 40 at the lower part of the side wall of the speed reducer body 29 so as to fix the speed reducer body 29:
(3) Starting the speed reducer main body 29 to drive the X-direction ball screw 18 to rotate, controlling the X-direction nut 17 to move towards the direction of the output shaft 13, communicating the oil spray gun 39 on the oil outlet valve 33 after moving to a certain distance, then driving the oil tank screw 35 to rotate by manually rotating the handle 36 again, moving the oil spray gun 39 to the periphery of the output shaft 13, and then coating oil on the inside and the outside of the output shaft 13 for lubrication;
(4) The oil spray gun 39 is taken down from the oil outlet valve 33, then the input end of the servo motor 19 is started again to move to a position close to the output shaft 13, then the Y-direction rotating handle 23 is started to drive the Y-direction ball screw 21 to rotate, the Y-direction nut 22 is driven to control the Y-direction position of the input end of the speed reducer main body 29 on the top of the Y-direction supporting plate 24, which corresponds to the Y-direction position of the output shaft 13, then the Z-direction rotating handle 28 is rotated to drive the Z-direction ball screw 26 to rotate, the Z-direction nut 27 is driven to lift, and the speed reducer main body 29 on the speed reducer moving plate 14 is opposite to the axis of the output shaft 13;
(5) And finally, starting the servo motor 19 to drive the input end of the speed reducer main body 29 to move towards the output shaft 13, and slowly and stably assembling and mounting the output shaft 13 and the input end of the speed reducer main body 29 by applying thrust to the output shaft.
The above description is intended to be illustrative of the preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention, but rather, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The efficient speed reducer assembling process is characterized by comprising the following steps of: a speed reducer assembly stand (10), a driving machine (11), a speed reducer moving plate (14) and a speed reducer main body (29); the main engine (11) is arranged at one end of the speed reducer assembly table (10), one side, facing the speed reducer assembly table (10), of the main engine (11) is connected with an output shaft (13), a speed reducer moving plate (14) is movably arranged at the top of the speed reducer assembly table (10), a speed reducer main body (29) is detachably mounted on the speed reducer moving plate (14), the input end of the speed reducer main body (29) faces the output shaft (13), a lubricating device (30) is telescopically arranged on one side wall, facing the output shaft (13), of the speed reducer moving plate (14), an oil spray gun (39) is communicated with the end portion of the lubricating device (30) in a clamping sleeve mode, a Y-direction power mechanism and an X-direction power mechanism are sequentially arranged at the bottom of the speed reducer moving plate (14), a Z-direction power mechanism is arranged on one side, far away from the output shaft (13), of the Y-direction power mechanism is mounted at the top of the X-direction power mechanism, the Z-direction power mechanism is mounted on one side of the Y-direction power mechanism, and one side of the speed reducer moving plate (14) is mounted on the Z-direction;
the X-direction power mechanism operates to drive the Y-direction power mechanism to circularly move along the X direction, the Y-direction power mechanism operates to drive the Z-direction power mechanism to circularly move along the Y direction, and the Z-direction power mechanism operates to drive the speed reducer moving plate (14) to circularly lift, so that the function of adjusting the position of the speed reducer moving plate (14) along the X direction, the Y direction and the Z direction is realized, and the input end of a speed reducer main body (29) arranged on the speed reducer moving plate (14) is rapidly and accurately controlled to be assembled and connected with the output shaft (13).
2. The assembly process of the speed reducer with high efficiency as claimed in claim 1, wherein a plurality of sets of positioning mechanisms (12) are slidably arranged at the top of the speed reducer moving plate (14), and a servo motor (19) is connected to one end of the X-direction power mechanism, which is far away from the main engine (11).
3. The assembly process of the speed reducer with high efficiency as claimed in claim 2, wherein the top of the speed reducer moving plate (14) is provided with evenly distributed ripples (38).
4. The assembly process of the efficient speed reducer as claimed in claim 3, wherein the X-direction power mechanism includes X-direction slide rails (15) mounted on the top of the speed reducer moving plate (14) along two Y-direction sides, two ends of the X-direction slide rails (15) respectively extend to two ends of the top of the speed reducer assembly table (10), and an X-direction slider (16) is slidably connected onto the X-direction slide rails (15), a group of Y-direction moving discs (20) are commonly connected onto the tops of the X-direction slider (16) on two sides, the vertical section of each Y-direction moving disc (20) is of an inverted isosceles T-shaped structure, the top of each Y-direction moving disc is of an open shape, wherein the X-direction slider (16) on one side is connected with an X-direction nut (17) of an L-shaped structure along a Y direction away from the speed reducer assembly table (10), the X-direction nut (17) is in threaded connection with X-direction ball screws (18) distributed along the X direction, one end of each X-direction ball screw (18) is connected with a servo motor (19), the other side is rotatably fixed on the side wall of the speed reducer assembly table (10) through a support sleeve rod, and a phase guide device for limiting rotation is arranged on the X-direction nut (17).
5. The assembly process of the efficient speed reducer according to claim 4, wherein the Y-direction power mechanism comprises a Y-direction ball screw (21) which is rotatably connected inside the Y-direction moving disc (20) along the Y direction, one end of the Y-direction ball screw (21) movably penetrates through the end wall of the Y-direction moving disc (20) to be connected with a Y-direction rotating handle (23) outwards, a Y-direction nut (22) is connected onto the Y-direction ball screw (21) in a threaded manner, a phase guide device for limiting the rotation of the Y-direction nut (22) is arranged on the Y-direction nut (22), a Y-direction supporting plate (24) sliding along the Y direction is arranged at the top of the Y-direction moving disc (20), and the inner bottom of the Y-direction supporting plate (24) is connected with the top of the Y-direction nut (22).
6. The assembly process of the efficient speed reducer as claimed in claim 5, wherein the Z-direction power mechanism comprises a Z-direction lifting cylinder (25) fixedly mounted on a side wall of the Y-direction support plate (24) away from the output shaft (13), a Z-direction ball screw (26) rotates inside the Z-direction lifting cylinder (25), a Z-direction nut (27) is connected to the Z-direction ball screw (26) in a threaded manner, a phase guide device for limiting rotation is arranged on the Z-direction nut (27), the bottom end of the Z-direction ball screw (26) movably penetrates through the bottom end of the Z-direction lifting cylinder (25) and is connected with a Z-direction rotating handle (28), a sliding opening is formed in one side, facing the speed reducer moving plate (14), of the Z-direction lifting cylinder (25), and the Z-direction nut (27) is connected to the side wall of the speed reducer (14) through a connecting rod in a direction of the sliding opening.
7. The assembly process of the efficient speed reducer as claimed in claim 6, wherein the Z-direction ball screw (26) is detachably connected with the Z-direction rotating handle (28), and the Y-direction ball screw (21) is detachably connected with the Y-direction rotating handle (23).
8. The assembly process of the speed reducer with high efficiency as claimed in claim 7, wherein the lubricating device (30) comprises a sliding hole penetrating along the X direction and formed in a side wall of one side of the speed reducer moving plate (14), a lubricating oil tank (31) is connected inside the sliding hole in a sliding manner, sliding rods (32) are installed on two sides of the lubricating oil tank (31), a sliding way is formed in the sliding hole corresponding to each sliding rod (32), an oil outlet valve (33) is communicated with one side, facing the output shaft (13), of the lubricating oil tank (31), the end portion of the oil outlet valve (33) is connected to an oil spray gun (39) in a cartoon manner, an oil tank nut (34) is connected to one side, away from the output shaft (13), of the bottom of the lubricating oil tank (31), a transverse oil tank lead screw (35) is connected to the oil tank nut (34) through a thread, a handle (36) is connected to one end, away from the output shaft (13), of the oil tank lead screw (35) and the oil tank nut (34) are arranged at the bottom in the sliding hole, the handle (36) is arranged outside the sliding hole, and a phase guide device for limiting rotation of the oil tank nut (34) is arranged.
9. The efficient speed reducer assembling process according to claim 8, wherein the top of the speed reducer moving plate (14) is provided with a sliding groove (37) along the X direction, two ends of the sliding groove (37) are symmetrically and slidably connected with a limiting slider (49), a sliding plate (42) is installed at the top of the limiting slider (49), a vertical adjusting screw (50) is in threaded connection with one side of the sliding plate (42), one side of the top of the sliding plate (42) is provided with a set of ratchet wheels (43), the ratchet wheels (43) are connected with a supporting sleeve to rotate and position towards the direction of the sliding plate (42), a rotation limiting plate (44) is arranged when the ratchet wheels (43) are in embedded contact with one side of the adjusting screw (50), one end of the rotation limiting plate (44) is connected with a rotating shaft (45), one side of the rotating shaft (45) is connected with a swinging plate (46), the rotating shaft (45) is connected with a rotating sleeve rod towards the sliding plate (42), one side of the ratchet wheels (43) far away from the rotating limiting plate (44) is connected with a V-shaped swinging rod (41), the bottom end of the V-shaped swinging rod (41) is provided with a fastening block (40) with a disk-shaped structure, and the bottom of the swinging plate (46) is elastically connected with a spring (47).
10. The assembly process of the speed reducer with high efficiency as claimed in claim 9, characterized by comprising the steps of (1) placing a driving machine (11) to be assembled on one side of the speed reducer assembly table (10), enabling an output shaft (1) of the driving machine to face the speed reducer assembly table (10) and fixing the driving machine (11);
(2) The speed reducer main body (29) is placed on the speed reducer moving plate (14), the input of the speed reducer main body (29) faces the direction of the output shaft (13), then four groups of lubricating devices (30) are placed at four corners of the speed reducer main body (29) by moving the position of the limiting slide block (49) in the sliding groove (37), and then the ratchet wheel (43) is rotated to tightly press the fastening block (40) at the lower part of the side wall of the speed reducer main body (29) so as to fix the speed reducer main body (29):
(3) Starting a speed reducer main body (29) to drive an X-direction ball screw (18) to rotate, controlling an X-direction nut (17) to move towards the direction of an output shaft (13), communicating an oil spray gun (39) on an oil outlet valve (33) after moving to a certain distance, then driving an oil tank screw (35) to rotate through a manual rotating handle (36) again, moving the oil spray gun (39) to the periphery of the output shaft (13), and then performing oil coating lubrication on the inside and the outside of the output shaft (13);
(4) An oil spray gun (39) is taken down from an oil outlet valve (33), then the input end of a servo motor (19) is started again to move to a position close to an output shaft (13), then a Y-direction rotating handle (23) is started to drive a Y-direction ball screw (21) to rotate, a Y-direction nut (22) is driven to control the Y-direction position of the input end of a speed reducer main body (29) on a top Y-direction supporting plate (24) to correspond to the output shaft (13), then a Z-direction rotating handle (28) is rotated to drive a Z-direction ball screw (26) to rotate, a Z-direction nut (27) is driven to lift, and the speed reducer main body (29) on a speed reducer moving plate (14) is opposite to the axis of the output shaft (13);
(5) And finally, starting the servo motor (19) to drive the input end of the speed reducer main body (29) to move towards the output shaft (13), and slowly and stably assembling and mounting the output shaft (13) and the input end of the speed reducer main body (29) by applying thrust to the speed reducer main body.
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