CN115317843A - Fire extinguishing agent for forest fire prevention and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Fire extinguishing agent for forest fire prevention and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115317843A CN115317843A CN202211051677.9A CN202211051677A CN115317843A CN 115317843 A CN115317843 A CN 115317843A CN 202211051677 A CN202211051677 A CN 202211051677A CN 115317843 A CN115317843 A CN 115317843A
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- fire extinguishing
- starch phosphate
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- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- KTWOOEGAPBSYNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrocene Chemical compound [Fe+2].C=1C=C[CH-]C=1.C=1C=C[CH-]C=1 KTWOOEGAPBSYNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical group [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011837 N,N-methylenebisacrylamide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n'-methylenebisacrylamide Chemical group C=CC(=O)NCNC(=O)C=C ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RNHDAKUGFHSZEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dioxane;hydrate Chemical compound O.C1COCCO1 RNHDAKUGFHSZEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001592 potato starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- VGBAECKRTWHKHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopenta-1,3-diene;1-ethenylcyclopenta-1,3-diene;iron(2+) Chemical group [Fe+2].C=1C=C[CH-]C=1.[CH2-]C=C1C=CC=C1 VGBAECKRTWHKHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000017020 Ipomoea batatas Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000002678 Ipomoea batatas Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000003183 Manihot esculenta Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000016735 Manihot esculenta subsp esculenta Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940100445 wheat starch Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- -1 vinyl ferrocene Chemical compound 0.000 description 4
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012217 deletion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037430 deletion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002467 phosphate group Chemical group [H]OP(=O)(O[H])O[*] 0.000 description 1
- 230000026731 phosphorylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006366 phosphorylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011877 solvent mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/0007—Solid extinguishing substances
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
- Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
- Graft Or Block Polymers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a fire extinguishing agent for forest fire prevention, which comprises the following raw materials: 80-140 parts of acrylic acid; 20-50 parts of starch phosphate; 240-330 parts of acrylamide; 60-100 parts of ferrocene monomer; 1-4 parts of an initiator; 6-12 parts of a cross-linking agent. In addition, a preparation method of the fire extinguishing agent is also disclosed. Compared with the prior art, the fire extinguishing agent has better fire extinguishing effect and is not easy to reburn.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of forest fire prevention; relates to a fire extinguishing agent for forest fire prevention and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Along with the acceleration of the industrialization process, the human activities in the forest are intensified, and the occurrence frequency of forest fires is increased continuously under the influence of factors such as abnormal climate, high temperature, drought and the like, so that the defense and the control of the forest fires are generally regarded by all countries. The common forest fire prevention method in China mainly comprises an indirect fire extinguishing method and a direct fire extinguishing method.
The indirect fire extinguishing method is suitable for crown fire and fierce burning surface fire, and prevents fire from spreading and spreading by arranging a fire-proof isolation belt or adopting a head-on fire burning method. The direct fire extinguishing method realizes good fire extinguishing effects of weak and medium-intensity surface fire, crown fire and underground fire by means of manual direct pounding, earth covering fire extinguishing, water fire extinguishing, wind power fire extinguishing and the like. Among them, the water is the most widely used for fire extinguishing.
But most of the water runs off after being sprayed to a fire scene due to good water fluidity; or because the temperature of the fire scene is very high, the water is gasified before reaching the combustion area, and the cooling effect of the water cannot be fully exerted. The chemical fire extinguishing agent is a chemical agent used for preventing forest fire or delaying the development and spread of the fire, has high fire extinguishing efficiency, can directly extinguish intense flame, and can also be used for arranging a fireproof isolation strip to prevent the spread and spread of the fire.
Super absorbent resin formed by copolymerization of starch and acrylic acid is reported to be used for forest fire prevention, and the material is formed by taking a hydrophilic rigid chain of starch as a framework and taking flexible polyacrylic acid branched chains as a network, has super water absorption capacity and water retention capacity, and is easy to degrade in soil. However, the above fire extinguishing agents of the prior art still have the technical disadvantage of poor fire extinguishing effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a fire extinguishing agent for forest fire prevention and a preparation method thereof. Compared with the prior art, the fire extinguishing agent has better fire extinguishing effect and is not easy to reburn.
In order to achieve the above object, in one aspect, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a fire extinguishing agent for forest fire prevention, wherein the raw materials comprise:
80-140 parts of acrylic acid;
20-50 parts of starch phosphate;
240-330 parts of acrylamide;
60-100 parts of ferrocene monomer;
1-4 parts of an initiator;
6-12 parts of a cross-linking agent.
The fire extinguishing agent according to the present invention, wherein the starch phosphate is selected from one or more of corn starch phosphate, wheat starch phosphate, potato starch phosphate, tapioca starch phosphate and sweet potato starch phosphate.
The fire extinguishing agent according to the invention, wherein the starch phosphate is selected from corn starch phosphate.
The fire extinguishing agent according to the present invention, wherein the degree of substitution DS =0.02-0.08 of the starch phosphate.
The agent according to the invention, wherein the ferrocene monomer is selected from vinylferrocene.
The fire extinguishing agent according to the present invention, wherein the initiator is selected from ammonium persulfate.
The fire extinguishing agent according to the present invention, wherein the cross-linking agent is selected from N, N-methylenebisacrylamide.
In another aspect, the invention provides a preparation method of the fire extinguishing agent, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps:
adding acrylic acid and starch phosphate into an aqueous solvent at 50-70 ℃, and stirring to dissolve the acrylic acid and the starch phosphate; adding acrylamide and ferrocene monomers, and stirring to mix uniformly; introducing nitrogen, adding an initiator, stirring for reacting for 1-8h, adding a cross-linking agent, and continuously reacting for 0.5-6h to obtain the final product.
The preparation method of the invention is characterized in that the neutralization degree of the acrylic acid is 40-60%.
The preparation method is characterized in that the aqueous solvent is selected from water/1,4-dioxane mixed solvent with the volume ratio of 4:1.
Compared with the prior art, the fire extinguishing agent has better fire extinguishing effect and is not easy to reburn.
Detailed Description
It must be noted that, as used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include both one and more than one (i.e., two or more, including two) unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.
Unless otherwise indicated, the numerical ranges in this disclosure are approximate and thus may include values outside of the stated ranges. Ranges of values may be stated herein as from "about" one particular value, and/or to "about" another particular value. When such a range is expressed, another aspect includes from the one particular value and/or to the other particular value. Similarly, when values are expressed as approximations, by use of the antecedent "about," it will be understood that the particular value forms another aspect. It will be further understood that the endpoints of each of the numerical ranges are significant both in relation to the other endpoint, and independently of the other endpoint.
Reference in the specification and concluding claims to parts by weight of a particular element or component in a composition or article refers to the weight relationship between that element or component and any other elements or components in the composition or article, expressed as parts by weight.
In the present invention, unless specifically indicated to the contrary, or implied from the context or customary practice in the art, all solutions referred to herein are aqueous solutions; when the solute of the aqueous solution is a liquid, all fractions and percentages are by volume and the volume percentages of a component are based on the total volume of the composition or product in which it is contained; when the solute of the aqueous solution is a solid, all fractions and percentages are by weight, and the weight percentages of a component are based on the total weight of the composition or product in which the component is included.
References to "comprising," "including," "having," and similar terms in this specification are not intended to exclude the presence of any optional components, steps or procedures, whether or not any optional components, steps or procedures are specifically disclosed. In order to avoid any doubt, all methods claimed through use of the term "comprising" may include one or more additional steps, apparatus parts or components and/or materials unless stated to the contrary. In contrast, the term "consisting of … …" excludes any component, step or procedure not specifically recited or recited. Unless otherwise specified, the term "or" refers to the listed members individually as well as in any combination.
Furthermore, the contents of any referenced patent or non-patent document in this application are incorporated by reference in their entirety, especially with respect to definitions disclosed in the pertinent art (without being inconsistent with any definitions specifically provided for by the invention) and general knowledge.
In the present invention, parts are parts by weight unless otherwise indicated, temperatures are indicated in ° c or at ambient temperature, and pressures are at or near atmospheric. The room temperature means 20-30 ℃. There are many variations and combinations of reaction conditions (e.g., component concentrations, desired solvents, solvent mixtures, temperatures, pressures, and other reaction ranges) and conditions that can be used to optimize the purity and yield of the product obtained by the process. Only reasonable routine experimentation will be required to optimize such process conditions.
Example 1
A fire suppressant product for forest fire protection, the raw materials comprising:
100 parts of acrylic acid;
40 parts of corn starch phosphate (DS = 0.049);
270 parts of acrylamide;
90 parts of vinyl ferrocene;
2.5 parts of ammonium persulfate;
8 parts of N, N-methylene bisacrylamide.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
adding acrylic acid with 50 percent of neutralization degree and corn starch phosphate into a water/1,4-dioxane mixed solvent with the volume ratio of 4:1 at the temperature of 60 ℃, and stirring to dissolve the acrylic acid and the corn starch phosphate; then acrylamide and vinyl ferrocene are added and stirred to be mixed evenly. Introducing nitrogen, adding ammonium persulfate, stirring for reacting for 4 hours, adding N, N-methylene bisacrylamide, and continuing to react for 2 hours to obtain the final product.
And (4) washing the final product for multiple times, drying and grinding in vacuum, tabletting with KBr, and carrying out infrared test. The result showed 1670cm -1 And 1558cm -1 The peak of the stretching vibration comes from the functional group of acrylic acid; 1670cm -1 And 1610cm -1 The peak of the stretching vibration comes from the functional group of acrylamide; 1407cm -1 、1055cm -1 And 816cm -1 The peak of stretching vibration at (a) is partly from the functional group of ferrocene; 1019cm -1 、930cm -1 、855cm -1 And 764cm -1 The peak of stretching vibration comes from the functional group of the corn starch phosphate.
Example 2
A fire suppressant product for forest fire protection, the raw materials comprising:
120 parts of acrylic acid;
30 parts of corn starch phosphate (DS = 0.049);
300 parts of acrylamide;
75 parts of vinyl ferrocene;
2 parts of ammonium persulfate;
10 parts of N, N-methylene bisacrylamide.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
adding acrylic acid with 50 percent of neutralization degree and corn starch phosphate into a water/1,4-dioxane mixed solvent with the volume ratio of 4:1 at the temperature of 60 ℃, and stirring to dissolve the acrylic acid and the corn starch phosphate; then acrylamide and vinyl ferrocene are added and stirred to be mixed evenly. Introducing nitrogen, adding ammonium persulfate, stirring for reacting for 4 hours, adding N, N-methylene bisacrylamide, and continuing to react for 2 hours to obtain the final product.
Comparative example 1
The corn starch phosphate was replaced with corn starch which had not been modified by phosphorylation, and the other conditions were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 2
The same procedure as in example 1 was repeated except that vinylferrocene was not added and acrylamide was adjusted to 360 parts.
Effect test
The fire extinguishing agent products of examples 1-2 and comparative examples 1-2 were dissolved in water to prepare 0.4% of fire extinguishing agent, and the fire extinguishing effect test was performed. The experimental wood piles are stacked according to the national standard GB 17835-2008, 5 wood piles are stacked on each layer, 12 wood piles are stacked, and the gaps between wood strips on the same layer are 4cm.
The fire extinguishing effect experiment steps are as follows: 250mL of diesel oil was added to the oil pan, and the oil pan was pulled out from under the wooden crib after 2min of ignition of the wooden crib. When the central temperature of the wood stack is close to 700 ℃ and the flame height is about 2m, the pre-combustion is finished. At the moment, the fire extinguishing agent is sprayed at a position 1.8m away from the wood stack and is sprayed to the top and the bottom of the side face of the front of the wood stack until flame is extinguished, and the fire extinguishing is stopped.
The results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
| Highest temperature in the center of the wood pile (. Degree. C.) | The time(s) for the temperature to fall to 250 DEG C | With or without after-combustion | |
| Example 1 | 689 | 38.5 | Is free of |
| Example 2 | 687 | 41.7 | Is free of |
| Comparative example 1 | 683 | 50.2 | Is free of |
| Comparative example 2 | 685 | 53.9 | Is free of |
As can be seen from Table 1, the fire extinguishing effects of examples 1-2 of the present invention are better than those of comparative examples 1-2.
Furthermore, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions, deletions, modifications or adjustments may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teachings of the present invention, and such equivalents are also within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A fire extinguishing agent for forest fire prevention, wherein the raw materials comprise:
80-140 parts of acrylic acid;
20-50 parts of starch phosphate;
240-330 parts of acrylamide;
60-100 parts of ferrocene monomer;
1-4 parts of an initiator;
6-12 parts of a cross-linking agent.
2. The fire extinguishing agent of claim 1, wherein the starch phosphate is selected from one or more of corn starch phosphate, wheat starch phosphate, potato starch phosphate, tapioca starch phosphate, and sweet potato starch phosphate.
3. The fire extinguishing agent of claim 2, wherein the starch phosphate is selected from corn starch phosphate.
4. The fire extinguishing agent of claim 1, wherein the degree of substitution DS =0.02-0.08 of the starch phosphate.
5. The fire extinguishing agent of claim 1, wherein the ferrocene monomer is selected from vinylferrocene.
6. The fire extinguishing agent of claim 1, wherein the initiator is selected from ammonium persulfate.
7. A fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, wherein the cross-linking agent is selected from N, N-methylene bis acrylamide.
8. A method of preparing the fire extinguishing agent according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the method comprising:
adding acrylic acid and starch phosphate into an aqueous solvent at 50-70 ℃, and stirring to dissolve the acrylic acid and the starch phosphate; adding acrylamide and ferrocene monomers, and stirring to mix uniformly; introducing nitrogen, adding an initiator, stirring for reacting for 1-8h, adding a cross-linking agent, and continuously reacting for 0.5-6h to obtain the final product.
9. The production method according to claim 8, wherein the degree of neutralization of acrylic acid is 40 to 60%.
10. The method of claim 8, wherein the aqueous solvent is selected from the group consisting of 4:1 water/1,4-dioxane mixed solvent.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211051677.9A CN115317843B (en) | 2022-08-31 | 2022-08-31 | Fire extinguishing agent for forest fire prevention and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211051677.9A CN115317843B (en) | 2022-08-31 | 2022-08-31 | Fire extinguishing agent for forest fire prevention and preparation method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115317843A true CN115317843A (en) | 2022-11-11 |
| CN115317843B CN115317843B (en) | 2024-01-19 |
Family
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