CN115315770A

CN115315770A - Arc extinguishing device

Info

Publication number: CN115315770A
Application number: CN202080097727.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭桥石; 刘建德; 贾宝华
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-04-03
Filing date: 2020-07-22
Publication date: 2022-11-08

Abstract

An arc extinguishing device, especially suitable for extinguishing arc of multiple electric contacts, comprises a first switch (S1), an arc extinguishing power supply is connected with electrodes (1, 2,3, 4) needing arc extinguishing through the first switch (S1), the number of the electrodes (1, 2,3, 4) and the first switch (S1) is two or more, and the first switch (S1) is an uncontrollable switch. The scheme has the advantage of low cost.

Description

Arc extinguishing device

Technical Field

The present invention relates to an arc extinction device, and more particularly, to an arc extinction device suitable for extinguishing arcs of a plurality of electrodes (electrical contacts) at low cost.

Background

At present, in electrical control systems such as new energy vehicles, rail transportation, ships, aviation, automatic control and the like, electrical contacts (contacts and electrodes of switches) such as relays (contactors) and the like are commonly used for frequently switching on and off each load, and the electrical contacts have the defect of short electrical service life due to the fact that the electrical arcs are broken, so that arc extinction devices aiming at solving the electrical arcs also exist, for example, the patent numbers are as follows: 2018107919477 adopts a multi-path semi-control type device as a selection switch to realize arc extinction of multi-path electric contacts, but the technical scheme has the defects of complex control, large volume and high cost, and particularly has the problem of high cost under the working conditions of small current and large electric contact number.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the defects of the conventional arc extinction device and provide an arc extinction device with low cost.

The purpose of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme:

an arc extinction device comprises a first switch, an arc extinction power supply is connected with an electrode needing arc extinction through the first switch, the number of the electrode and the first switch is two or more, and the first switch is an uncontrollable switch.

The working principle is as follows: when the electrode needing to be extinguished generates or is about to generate an arc, the arc extinguishing power supply supplies power to the load end of the electrode through the first switch, and the effect of eliminating the arc generation of the electrode or extinguishing the arc of the electrode is achieved.

The invention has the advantages of reasonable design and low cost.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of an embodiment of an arc suppression apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a second embodiment of the arc suppression device of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of three circuits of an embodiment of the arc suppression device of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a four-circuit schematic diagram of an embodiment of the arc suppression apparatus of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The first embodiment of the arc extinction device of the invention is shown in fig. 1:

an arc extinction device comprises a first switch S1, an arc extinction power supply (provided by a second switch S2) input from a P2 end is connected (electrically connected) with electrodes (1, 2,3, 4) needing arc extinction through the first switch S1, and the second switch S2 is connected with a power supply input by a power supply end PA of a mechanical switch K; an electrode 1 (normally closed contact), an electrode 2 (normally open contact), an electrode 3 (normally closed contact), and an electrode 4 (normally open contact) are contacts of a mechanical switch K, and are respectively connected with each load R1, the electrode A1 (A2), the electrode 1 (3), and the electrode 2 (4) form a single-pole double-throw switch (as shown in fig. 1, a two-way linked single-pole double-throw switch is formed), and a series circuit formed by a second switch S2 and a first switch S1 is connected in parallel (optional, directly connected in parallel, or indirectly connected in parallel through other switches) with the single-pole double-throw switch; the common terminal (P1 terminal) of the electrodes (1, 2,3, 4) and the load R1 is connected via a first switch S1 to an arc extinction power supply provided by a second switch S2, i.e. the switch (single-pole double-throw switch) to be extinguished is connected in series with the load R1, and the common terminal of the switch and the load R1 is connected via the first switch S1 to the arc extinction power supply.

The working principle is as follows: when the electrode A1 (A2) and the electrode 1 (3) or the electrode 2 (4) are disconnected, the second switch S2 is conducted, an arc extinction power supply provided by the end P2 supplies power to the load R1 (the end P1) through the first switch S1, the voltage of the load R1 (the end P1) rises, the potential difference between the electrode A1 (A2) and the electrode 1 (3) or the electrode 2 (4) drops, the non-arc or micro-arc disconnection is realized, the effect of eliminating the arc generation or extinguishing the arc is achieved, and then the second switch S2 is cut off.

A second embodiment of the arc extinguishing device of the present invention is shown in fig. 2:

as shown in fig. 2, in the first embodiment, a third switch S3, a fourth switch S4, and a fifth switch S5 are added on the basis of fig. 1, and as an arc suppression device for suppressing an arc by using a nonpolar (bidirectional) direct current or alternating current, an anode of the third switch S3 is connected to a cathode of the first switch S1, a common terminal of the third switch S3 connected to the first switch S1 is connected to electrodes (1, 2,3, 4), a cathode of the third switch S3 and an anode of the first switch S1 are respectively connected to both terminals of the second switch S2, a cathode of the third switch S3 is connected to a cathode of the fourth switch S4, an anode of the fifth switch S5 is connected to an anode of the first switch S1, an anode of the fourth switch S4 and a cathode of the fifth switch S5 are connected to a PA terminal power supply, the second switch S2 is connected to a power supply through the fourth switch S4 (the fifth switch S5), the third switch S3, the fourth switch S4, and the fifth switch S5 are unidirectional conduction devices (preferably, and the same as the first embodiment, but the principle of the present invention is not repeated.

In the third embodiment of the arc extinguishing device of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3:

fig. 3 is an embodiment of fig. 1, in which a sixth switch S6, a seventh switch S7 and a control unit a are added, a control signal of the second switch S2 is provided by the control unit a, and a voltage signal of the electrode 1 (3) is transmitted to the control unit a through the sixth switch S6, so as to detect disconnection between the electrode A1 (A2) and the electrode 1 (3); the voltage signal of the electrode 2 (4) is transmitted to the control unit a through the seventh switch S7 for detecting the disconnection between the electrode A1 (A2) and the electrode 2 (4); the number of the sixth switch S6 and the seventh switch S7 is two or more, the sixth switch S6 and the seventh switch S7 are unidirectional conducting devices (preferably diodes), and are uncontrollable switches, each sixth switch S6 is connected in a common-negative (or common-positive) mode, each seventh switch S7 is connected in a common-negative (or common-positive) mode, the common end of the second switch S2 and the first switch S1 is connected with the control unit a, the sixth switch S6 and the seventh switch S7 can be used to reduce the voltage collecting port of the control unit a, a simplified circuit (the sixth switch S6 and the seventh switch S7 are preferably used, when not used, the corresponding voltage collecting port of the control unit a is increased), the control signal of the mechanical switch K can be provided by the control unit a as required, or the control signal of the mechanical switch K is provided to the control unit a, before the electrode A1 (A2) and the electrode 2 (4) are closed, the second switch S2 is controlled, or the current limiting element is connected in series, and the current limiting element is a load is connected as required.

The working principle is as follows: when the control unit A detects that the electrode A1 (A2) and the electrode 1 (3) or the electrode 2 (4) are disconnected, the second switch S2 is controlled to be conducted, an arc extinction power supply provided by the P2 end supplies power to a load end through the first switch S1, the voltage of the load end rises, the potential difference between the electrode A1 (A2) and the electrode 1 (3) or the electrode 2 (4) drops, the non-arc or micro-arc disconnection is realized, the effect of eliminating the generation or extinction of the arc is achieved, and then the second switch S2 is cut off.

In this embodiment, a control unit a for a user to adjust and control the on-time of the second switch S2 may be adopted, so as to improve the application range of the present invention, and the control unit a is internally provided with a programmable device (such as a microcontroller or a programmable logic device).

An arc extinguishing device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention is shown in fig. 4:

in the above first, second, and third embodiments, the electrode A1 and the electrode A2 are connected together in fig. 1, fig. 2, and fig. 3 for easy understanding and description, in practical use, in order to connect other switches (e.g., the switch K1) conveniently to complete various logic controls, the terminals (power terminals) of the electrode A1, the electrode A2, and the electrode P3 do not need to be connected together, a plurality of switches can be connected in series and parallel (equivalent switch K1) to the electrode A1 or the electrode A2, and the invention can also realize arc extinction of the switch K1.

In the above embodiment, the first switch S1 is a unidirectional conducting switch, and is a semiconductor device (preferably a diode), each unidirectional conducting switch S1 is connected to the arc-extinguishing power supply (provided by the second switch S2), when the polarity of the circuit is changed, each unidirectional conducting switch S1 can be changed to be connected to the arc-extinguishing power supply (provided by the second switch S2, and the polarity of the second switch S2 can also be changed), when in actual use, the arc-extinguishing power supply outputting positive pulses or negative pulses is selected according to the working condition, and the first switch S1 is an uncontrollable switch which does not need to be controlled, so that the advantages of low cost and strong overload capability are achieved.

In the above embodiment, the arc suppression power supply may be provided by a series circuit including a capacitor and the second switch S2, the arc suppression power supply may be provided by using a charging current or a discharging current of the capacitor passing through the first switch S1 and the load R1 (preferably, optionally) as the arc suppression current, the pulse width of the arc suppression current may be limited by using the capacity of the capacitor or the control pulse width of the second switch S2, and the arc suppression power supply connected to the P2 terminal may be a pulse power supply.

In the above embodiments, the electrodes (1, 2,3, 4) can also be any objects requiring arc extinction, such as fuse links, wires, connectors, and the like; the common end of the second switch S2 and the first switch S1 is connected with a voltage limiting component VT (which is formed by connecting a diode and a Zener diode in series, or can be formed by connecting a transient suppression diode, or a piezoresistor, or a diode, or is formed by connecting a resistor and a capacitor in series); the voltage limiting component VT may be connected in parallel to the load through the first switch S1, or may be connected in parallel to the second switch S2 for suppressing the overvoltage when the load is inductive.

In the above embodiment, during the action (on or off) of the electrode A1 or the electrode A2, the first pulse (which may be a single pulse or multiple pulses, preferably, the single pulse width or the total pulse width is not more than 1 millisecond and not less than 50 microseconds) may be used to control the second switch S2 to be turned on to extinguish the arc of the electrode, and then the second pulse may control the second switch S2 to be turned on to extinguish the arc of another closed electrode (optionally, it may be a single pulse or multiple pulses, preferably, the single pulse width or the total pulse width is not more than 1 millisecond and not less than 50 microseconds), so that the second switch S2 is turned on for a shorter time, and may prevent the pulse driving load (such as a relay, a solenoid valve, etc.) from causing a malfunction, and when the electrode A1 is in action with respect to the electrode 1 (2) or the electrode A2 is in action with respect to the electrode 3 (4) and is spaced apart from the electrode a, the first pulse or the second pulse is provided, and arc extinction may be realized by the narrower pulse; or the second switch S2 is controlled to be conducted by using a single pulse to realize arc extinction on the disconnected electrode and the other closed electrode (mainly used for occasions where the load is insensitive to the pulse width); the second switch S2 is preferably a semiconductor switch, preferably a fully-controlled switch such as a triode, a field effect tube, an IGBT and the like, has the advantage of unlimited action times, and can enable the pulse width of arc suppression pulse current to be stable and controllable; to improve safety, the second switch S2 suggests a current-limiting switch (a current-limiting switch circuit composed of semiconductor circuits, including a constant-current switch circuit, etc., which is not illustrated because of its simplicity) to limit a drive current; the mechanical switch K is a relay, a contactor, or a manual switch, and includes at least two electrical contacts (two or three or all of the electrode 1, the electrode 2, the electrode 3, and the electrode 4, or more, such as a mechanical switch including a four-way single-pole double-throw switch); the electrode A1 (A2) and the electrode 1 (3) or the electrode 2 (4) form an electric contact of the switch; in the above figures, the electrodes A1 (A2) are power connection ends, or may be changed into load ends (one or more loads, and the load ends provide arc suppression power through the second switch S2), and then the

electrodes

1,2,3, and 4 are changed into power supply ends (which may be switched as power supply or connected in series with other switches), and the operation principle is the same.

The invention is especially suitable for the switch with multi-path electric contacts (electrodes) (i.e. the multi-path electric contacts adopt the switch of a common driving mechanism, such as a relay of the multi-path electric contacts, and the like), and can realize the minimum influence of the electric pulse of the arc extinction power supply on the load, and the optimization, and the total arc extinction current (the maximum pulse current provided by the arc extinction power supply) is not more than 100 amperes.

Because the circuit of the invention is simple, it can greatly reduce the volume, weight and cost of arc-extinguishing device by using multiple paths (two or more) of low-cost uncontrollable switches as the first switch to share one arc-extinguishing power supply, and the first switch uses uncontrollable switches (devices) and semi-controlled switches (devices) and fully-controlled switches (devices) which have lower cost and stronger overload capacity, and the circuit is simpler (the first switch does not need to be controlled), and the advantages of the invention in volume, weight, reliability and cost are more obvious in the occasions with a large number of required arc-extinguishing electrodes (electric contacts) such as automobile, locomotive and airplane.

In conclusion, the invention has the advantage of low cost.

Claims

An arc extinction device comprises a first switch, an arc extinction power supply is connected with an electrode needing arc extinction through the first switch, and the number of the electrode and the first switch is two or more, and the arc extinction device is characterized in that: the first switch is a non-controllable switch.
The arc extinction device of claim 1, wherein: the first switch is a one-way conduction switch.
The arc extinction device of claim 2, wherein: each one-way conduction switch is connected in a common negative mode or in a common positive mode.
An arc extinction device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the unidirectional conducting switch is a semiconductor device.
An arc extinguishing device as recited in claim 4, wherein: the semiconductor device is a diode.
The arc extinction device of claim 1, wherein: the arc extinction power supply is a pulse power supply.
An arc extinguishing device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: each electrode is connected with each load, and each electrode is a contact of a mechanical switch.
An arc extinction device according to claim 7, characterized in that: the contacts comprise normally open contacts or normally closed contacts or normally open contacts and normally closed contacts.
An arc extinction device according to claim 7, characterized in that: the mechanical switch is a relay, a contactor or a manual switch.
An arc extinction device according to claim 7, wherein: the arc extinction power supply is provided by the second switch.
An arc extinction device according to claim 7, wherein: the arc extinction power supply is provided by a series circuit consisting of a second switch and a capacitor.
The arc extinction device of claim 10, wherein: and the common end of the first switch and the second switch is connected with a voltage limiting device.
The arc extinction device of claim 10, wherein: the anode of the third switch is connected with the cathode of the first switch, the common end of the third switch connected with the first switch is connected with the electrode, the cathode of the third switch is connected with the anode of the first switch respectively and connected with the two ends of the second switch, the cathode of the third switch is connected with the cathode of the fourth switch, the anode of the fifth switch is connected with the anode of the first switch, the anode of the fourth switch and the cathode of the fifth switch are connected with a power supply, the second switch is connected with the power supply through the fourth switch or the fifth switch, and the third switch, the fourth switch and the fifth switch are one-way conduction devices and are uncontrollable switches.
The arc extinction device of claim 10, wherein: the control unit is used for providing a control signal of the second switch, and the voltage signal of the electrode is transmitted to the control unit.
The arc extinction apparatus of claim 14, wherein: the voltage signal is transmitted to the control unit through the sixth switches, the number of the sixth switches is two or more, the sixth switches are one-way conduction devices and are uncontrollable switches, and the sixth switches are connected in a common-cathode mode or a common-anode mode.