CN115314723B - Method, device, equipment and storage medium for transmitting initial gear video stream - Google Patents
Method, device, equipment and storage medium for transmitting initial gear video stream Download PDFInfo
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- CN115314723B CN115314723B CN202210695468.1A CN202210695468A CN115314723B CN 115314723 B CN115314723 B CN 115314723B CN 202210695468 A CN202210695468 A CN 202210695468A CN 115314723 B CN115314723 B CN 115314723B
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- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 21
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000004422 calculation algorithm Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000001537 neural effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003066 decision tree Methods 0.000 description 2
- NFEIBWMZVIVJLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N mexiletine hydrochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC([NH3+])COC1=C(C)C=CC=C1C NFEIBWMZVIVJLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/25—Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
- H04N21/266—Channel or content management, e.g. generation and management of keys and entitlement messages in a conditional access system, merging a VOD unicast channel into a multicast channel
- H04N21/2662—Controlling the complexity of the video stream, e.g. by scaling the resolution or bitrate of the video stream based on the client capabilities
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/21—Server components or server architectures
- H04N21/218—Source of audio or video content, e.g. local disk arrays
- H04N21/2187—Live feed
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/234—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams, manipulating MPEG-4 scene graphs
- H04N21/2343—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams, manipulating MPEG-4 scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for distribution or compliance with end-user requests or end-user device requirements
Abstract
The embodiment of the application provides a method, a device, equipment and a storage medium for transmitting an initial gear video stream. According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the corresponding optional video gear and video gear information are determined when the video data request sent by the audience terminal is received, the initial video gear is determined from the optional video gear according to the equipment model information, the bandwidth information and the video gear information of the audience terminal, the video data corresponding to the initial video gear is obtained from the anchor server and sent to the audience terminal, so that the equipment model and the bandwidth condition of the audience terminal are adapted, and the video playing effect is ensured while the video watching fluency is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the application relates to the technical field of data transmission, in particular to a method, a device, equipment and a storage medium for transmitting an initial gear video stream.
Background
In network live broadcast application, video streams with different code rate quality are required to be generated in a video transcoding system in advance, and then video stream services with the code rate quality are provided for users according to the network quality condition of the users. Live broadcast is divided into a main broadcasting end and a spectator end, and a source stream video of the main broadcasting is uploaded to a server to be transcoded into a plurality of paths of video streams corresponding to various image quality gears.
For the audience living broadcast of the network video, the network environments of the audience living broadcast of the network video are greatly different, and the maximum video code rates which can be supported by the network environments of different devices are different. If the decoding capability or resolution of the viewer end does not support playing the video stream with high resolution, the situation of blocking or poor display effect can occur even if the network condition is good. In the related art, when the viewer logs in the live broadcasting room, the first video group issued to the viewer is generally a fixed gear (for example, a gear corresponding to an ultra-high quality video or a high quality video), which results in poor playing effect of the video played by the viewer.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides an initial gear video streaming transmission method, device, equipment and storage medium, which are used for solving the technical problem that the playing effect of a video played by a viewer terminal is poor due to the fact that an initial gear is directly fixed in the related technology, and guaranteeing the video playing effect while guaranteeing the video watching fluency.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an initial gear video streaming method, including:
responding to a video data request sent by a viewer end, and determining an optional video gear corresponding to the video data request and video gear information of the optional video gear;
Determining an initial video gear from the selectable video gears according to the equipment model information, the bandwidth information and the video gear information of the audience terminal;
and sending video data corresponding to the initial video gear to the audience terminal, wherein the video data is provided by a host server.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an initial gear video streaming apparatus, including a request response module, a gear determination module, and a video delivery module, where:
the request response module is configured to respond to a video data request sent by a viewer end and determine an optional video gear corresponding to the video data request and video gear information of the optional video gear;
the gear determining module is configured to determine an initial video gear from the selectable video gears according to the equipment model information, the bandwidth information and the video gear information of the audience terminal;
the video issuing module is configured to send video data corresponding to the initial video gear to the audience terminal, and the video data is provided by a host server.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an initial gear video streaming apparatus, including: a memory and one or more processors;
The memory is used for storing one or more programs;
the one or more programs, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to implement the initial gear video streaming method as described in the first aspect.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a storage medium storing computer executable instructions that when executed by a computer processor are for performing the initial gear video streaming method of the first aspect.
In a fifth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a computer program product comprising a computer program stored in a computer readable storage medium, at least one processor of the device reading and executing the computer program from the computer readable storage medium, causing the device to perform the initial gear video streaming method as described in the first aspect.
According to the embodiment of the application, the corresponding optional video gear and video gear information are determined when the video data request sent by the audience terminal is received, the initial video gear is determined from the optional video gear according to the equipment model information, the bandwidth information and the video gear information of the audience terminal, the video data corresponding to the initial video gear is obtained from the anchor server and sent to the audience terminal, so that the equipment model and the bandwidth condition of the audience terminal are adapted, and the video playing effect is ensured while the video watching fluency is ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an initial gear video streaming method according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a video transmission system according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an initial video data transmission flow provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart of another method for transmitting an initial gear video stream according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an initial gear determination flow provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an initial gear video streaming device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an initial gear video streaming device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present application is given with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the application and are not limiting thereof. It should be further noted that, for convenience of description, only some, but not all of the matters related to the present application are shown in the accompanying drawings. Before discussing exemplary embodiments in more detail, it should be mentioned that some exemplary embodiments are described as processes or methods depicted as flowcharts. Although a flowchart depicts operations (or steps) as a sequential process, many of the operations can be performed in parallel, concurrently, or at the same time. Furthermore, the order of the operations may be rearranged. The above-described process may be terminated when its operations are completed, but may have additional steps not included in the drawings. The processes described above may correspond to methods, functions, procedures, subroutines, and the like.
Fig. 1 shows a flowchart of an initial gear video streaming method provided by an embodiment of the present application, where the initial gear video streaming method provided by the embodiment of the present application may be implemented by an initial gear video streaming device, and the initial gear video streaming device may be implemented by hardware and/or software and integrated in an initial gear video streaming device (e.g., a viewer server).
The following describes an example of a method for executing the initial gear video streaming by the initial gear video streaming apparatus. Referring to fig. 1, the initial gear video streaming method includes:
s110: and responding to the video data request sent by the audience terminal, and determining the optional video gear corresponding to the video data request and the video gear information of the optional video gear.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a video transmission system according to an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 2, the video transmission system includes a main broadcasting end, a main broadcasting server, a spectator server and a spectator end that are sequentially connected in communication. The initial gear video streaming device provided in this embodiment may be used as a viewer server of a video transmission system, when a live broadcast is started, a host may collect video data (source stream video) through a live broadcast end and upload the video data to the host server, and the host server may allocate the received video data (source stream video) to a software transcoding group or a hardware transcoding group according to the quality of the host video and the viewer's demand, and transcode the received video data (source stream video) to obtain video data of different gears (one or more of different code rates, definitions and resolutions). The video data of different gear positions may be one or more of super high image quality video (vertical resolution is greater than 1080, video with code rate higher than 3Mbps encoded by h.264 or h.265 encoding standard), high image quality video (vertical resolution is greater than 720, video with code rate higher than 1.5Mbps encoded by h.264 or h.265 encoding standard), medium image quality video (vertical resolution is greater than 540, video with code rate higher than 1Mbps encoded by h.264 or h.265 encoding standard), low image quality video (vertical resolution is greater than 360, video with code rate between 500Kbps and 800Kbps encoded by h.264 or h.265 encoding standard), super low image quality video (vertical resolution is greater than 240, video with code rate between 200Kbps and 500Kbps encoded by h.264 or h.265 encoding standard). Meanwhile, the audience server can synchronously record video gears (including the gear of the source stream video and the gear of the transcoded video) corresponding to each anchor end (or live broadcasting room) in the anchor server, and the gears are optional video gears corresponding to the anchor end or the live broadcasting room. In one possible embodiment, the video gear information corresponding to each of the selectable video gears is recorded simultaneously with the recording of the selectable video gears. The video gear information may be video code rate information, transcoding delay information, etc. corresponding to the video.
The audience server can subscribe to the video stream in the anchor server, acquire video data from the anchor server (the video data can be source stream video uploaded to the anchor server by the anchor server or video of other gears obtained by transcoding the source stream video by the anchor server), receive a video data request sent by the audience terminal (entering a live broadcasting room of a corresponding anchor), and send the video data to the audience terminal for playing the video data by the audience terminal. The video data is delivered to the audience terminal in units of groups of pictures (GOP), each group of pictures is approximately 2-3s of video data, and the audience terminal can acquire the corresponding group of pictures according to the determined video gear delivered and deliver the corresponding group of pictures to the audience terminal.
In the related art, in order to secure a video viewing experience of a viewer side, a video gear issued to the viewer side is generally determined from among selectable video gears based on a rate adaptation algorithm (for example, ABR algorithm). Since the rate adaptation algorithm needs to depend on the related situation of the video data sent before (such as jitter, clip, pile-up, frame loss situation of the video information before), the rate adaptation algorithm will only take effect in the second and subsequent groups of pictures. For video data initially delivered to the viewer (for example, when the viewer logs in or enters a live broadcast room, the video data delivered to the viewer) is usually not distinguished from the viewer, but the video data of the super high quality video/high quality video shift is fixedly delivered to the viewer, if the model of the viewer is relatively low, the decoding capability does not support to play the video of the high resolution shift, and even if the network condition is good, the situation of blocking occurs, or the resolution of the viewer is relatively low, for example, when the resolution of the viewer is 540p, the viewer cannot display with full resolution, for example, when the resolution of the viewer is 1080p/720 p. In addition, if the network quality of the audience terminal is poor, the problems that the video is not played for a long time, the video is played after a period of time, the video picture is frequently blocked, and the like are easily caused, and the playing effect of the initial gear video is poor. For example, when an initial gear video is issued, if the highest image quality is directly used as the initial gear, the playing effect of the video played by the viewer side is likely to be poor. If the lowest image quality is directly used as the initial gear, the definition of the video played by the audience is easily low. If the last gear issued by the audience terminal is directly used, the situation that the viewing experience is poor due to the fact that the bandwidth change of the audience terminal cannot be perceived is easy. The mode of fixedly transmitting the initial gear video is easy to cause the situation that the user exits the live broadcasting room due to poor impression, and the user experience is poor. In order to solve the technical problems, the method determines the initial video gear from the selectable video gears according to the equipment model information and the bandwidth information of the audience terminal and the video gear information of each selectable video gear so as to adapt to the equipment model and the bandwidth condition of the audience terminal, and guarantees the video playing effect while guaranteeing the video watching fluency.
The viewer end sends a video data request to the initial gear video transmission device when the video data needs to be acquired for playing, wherein the video data request carries the requested video source information. For example, when entering a home, the viewer end sends a video data request to the viewer server, where the video data request may use a room number corresponding to the home or home identification information (e.g., a home ID) as video source information.
After receiving the video data request sent by the audience terminal, the audience server determines optional video gears corresponding to videos corresponding to the anchor or the live broadcasting room according to the video data request, and determines video gear information corresponding to each optional video gear. For example, a corresponding anchor or live broadcasting room is determined according to the video source information, video gears which can be provided by the anchor or live broadcasting room are determined, the video gears are determined to be selectable video gears, and video gear information corresponding to the selectable video gears is determined.
S120: and determining an initial video gear from the selectable video gears according to the equipment model information, the bandwidth information and the video gear information of the audience terminal.
After determining the optional video gear and the video gear information corresponding to the video data request, determining an initial video gear for transmitting the video data to the audience terminal from the optional video gears according to the equipment model information, the bandwidth information and the video gear information of each optional video gear of the audience terminal. For example, when determining the initial video gear from the selectable video gears, the video gear of the highest standard (one or more of the highest code rate, definition and resolution) that can be supported by the viewer may be determined according to the device model information of the viewer, and the initial video gear may be determined from the video gear of the highest standard that can be supported according to the adaptation of the bandwidth information of the viewer and the video gear information of the video gear of the highest standard that can be supported.
The device model information of the audience terminal can be uploaded by the audience terminal, for example, when the audience terminal logs in and connects with the audience server, the audience terminal uploads the device model information to the audience server. The bandwidth information of the audience terminal may be an average value of bandwidths of the audience terminal in a set period of time.
In one possible embodiment, the bandwidth information may be obtained by the viewer server querying the logged-in viewer side at set time intervals. Based on the above, the method for transmitting the initial gear video stream further comprises the following steps: sending a network inquiry command to the logged-in audience terminal according to a set time interval, so that the logged-in audience terminal returns network feedback information in response to the network inquiry command; and determining the bandwidth information corresponding to the logged-in audience terminal according to the network feedback information returned by the logged-in audience terminal.
The audience server sends a network inquiry command to the logged-in audience terminal according to a set time interval, and the audience server returns the corresponding network feedback information to the audience server after receiving the network inquiry command. After receiving the network feedback information returned by the audience terminal, the bandwidth information corresponding to each audience terminal can be determined according to the network feedback information.
For example, after the viewer terminal logs in to the viewer server, a network query link (pingRes link) between the viewer terminal and the viewer server is established, and the viewer server transmits a ping instruction to the viewer terminal as a network query instruction at a set time interval (for example, 3 seconds), and the viewer terminal returns the pingRes information immediately in response to the ping instruction as network feedback information. The ping res information is a data structure (struct) for storing information, and a table (list) of bandwidth sample points (for example, 1s is calculated once) of the latest time (for example, 15 s) of the user calculated by the audience at the background, bandwidth average value BW in x seconds, and information such as transmission rate, RTT and the like are stored in the ping res information. Further, after receiving the ping res information returned by the viewer, determining bandwidth information corresponding to the viewer according to the bandwidth average value BW in the ping res information.
S130: and sending video data corresponding to the initial video gear to the audience, wherein the video data is provided by a host server.
For example, after determining the initial video gear corresponding to the viewer end, video data corresponding to the initial video gear is obtained and sent to the viewer end for playing by the viewer end. The video data is provided by the anchor server, and the video data may be a source stream video of the highest gear provided by the anchor server, or may be a video of other gears obtained by transcoding the source stream video, where the video gear of the initial video issued to the viewer terminal is consistent with the determined initial video gear.
It will be appreciated that the video data transmitted to the viewer's end according to the initial video gear is a first group (or one or more groups before the video gear is redetermined according to the rate adaptation algorithm) of frames initially transmitted to the viewer's end, and after the subsequent viewer's server redetermines the video gear according to the rate adaptation algorithm, the video data (group of frames) corresponding to the redetermined video gear according to the rate adaptation algorithm will be issued to the viewer's end.
When the audience server transmits initial video data to the audience terminal, firstly searching whether videos corresponding to video gears exist locally, and then determining the position of acquiring the transmitted initial video. If a video corresponding to the video gear exists locally at the audience server (for example, a certain audience terminal connected with the audience server requests a video stream, the audience server will have a cache of the video stream), the video corresponding to the video gear is directly obtained locally and sent to the audience terminal. In addition, the viewer server may cache some video streams (e.g., live room data of the head anchor), and the viewer server may also directly obtain the video corresponding to the video file and send it to the viewer. And when the video corresponding to the video gear is not cached locally, pulling stream to the anchor server to acquire corresponding video stream data.
As shown in a schematic diagram of an initial video data transmission flow provided in fig. 3, the video data corresponding to an initial video gear is transmitted to a viewer end according to the present embodiment, including:
s131: it is determined whether video data corresponding to the initial video gear is cached.
S132: and responding to the video data corresponding to the cached initial video gear, and directly transmitting the video data corresponding to the initial video gear to the audience terminal.
S133: and responding to the video data which is not cached and corresponds to the initial video gear, acquiring the video data which is corresponding to the initial video gear from the anchor server and transmitting the video data to the audience terminal.
Illustratively, after determining the initial video gear, a determination is made at the local video cache location as to whether video data corresponding to the initial video gear is cached in video data of the host or live room of the video data request. If the video data corresponding to the initial video gear is cached in the video cache position, the video data corresponding to the initial video gear can be directly obtained in the local video cache position and sent to the audience terminal. If the video data corresponding to the initial video gear is not cached in the video caching position, the video data corresponding to the initial video gear is obtained from the anchor server, cached in the local video caching position and sent to the audience terminal.
In one possible embodiment, the audience server records video gears corresponding to each live broadcasting room available to the anchor server, determines whether the live broadcasting room corresponding to the video data request has a plurality of selectable video gears when the video data request sent by the audience terminal is received, and determines whether to determine an initial gear video or directly determine the initial video gear (spam strategy) according to the initial gear video streaming method provided by the scheme according to the selectable video gears. If only one alternative video gear exists (for example, only the video gear corresponding to the source stream video provided by the anchor end exists), video data of the video gear is directly sent to the audience end, and if a plurality of alternative video gears exist, an initial video gear is determined from the plurality of alternative video gears according to equipment model information, bandwidth information and video gear information of the audience end.
Above-mentioned, through confirm corresponding optional video gear and video gear information when receiving the video data request that audience terminal sent, confirm initial video gear from optional video gear according to audience terminal's equipment model information, bandwidth information and video gear information to obtain the video data that initial video gear corresponds and send to audience terminal from the anchor server, in order to adapt to audience terminal's equipment model and bandwidth condition, guarantee video broadcast effect when guaranteeing video viewing smoothness. Meanwhile, video data corresponding to the initial video gear is preferentially acquired from the local cache for issuing, and when the corresponding video data is not cached locally, streaming is carried out from the anchor server, so that the video data issuing quantity is increased, the data quantity cached in the audience server is reduced, and the occupation of the cache space is reduced. And the bandwidth information is queried and updated to the logged-in audience terminal at regular time, so that the output video data issued to the audience terminal is ensured to be matched with the real-time network condition, and the video playing effect is ensured.
On the basis of the above embodiment, fig. 4 shows a flowchart of another method for transmitting an initial gear video stream according to an embodiment of the present application, where the method for transmitting an initial gear video stream is a specific method for transmitting an initial gear video stream. Referring to fig. 4, the initial gear video streaming method includes:
s210: and responding to the video data request sent by the audience terminal, and determining the optional video gear corresponding to the video data request and the video gear information of the optional video gear.
S220: and determining limit gear information according to the set limit model list and the equipment model information of the audience terminal, wherein the limit model list records limit gear information corresponding to equipment of different types.
For example, the limiting gear corresponding to different equipment models is determined in advance according to the playing effect of the equipment (mobile phone, tablet and the like) of various models on video data of different gears, and a limiting model list is set according to the limiting gear corresponding to different equipment models.
It should be explained that, when playing the video data of the video gear corresponding to the limiting gear information or the video gear above the limiting gear information, the playing effect of the device is not ideal or lower than the set playing effect requirement, and when playing the video data of the video gear below the limiting gear information, the playing effect can reach the set playing effect requirement. For example, the limited model list is recorded with the limited models of the video gears, wherein the limited gear information can be distinguished by image quality, and for example, the image quality corresponding to the different limited gear information can be limited under the ultra-high image quality, limited under the medium image quality, limited under the low image quality, and the like. The device model of the limiting gear information is not recorded in the limiting model list, and the video gear playable by the device of the model is not required to be limited.
After detecting that the audience terminal logs in or receives a video data request sent by the audience terminal, determining equipment model information of the audience terminal, and determining whether equipment models corresponding to the equipment model information of the audience terminal exist in a limited model list. And if the equipment model corresponding to the equipment model information of the audience terminal exists in the limited model list, taking the limited gear information corresponding to the equipment model in the limited model list as the limited gear information corresponding to the audience terminal. If the equipment model corresponding to the equipment model information of the audience terminal does not exist in the limited model list, the video gear which can be selected by the audience terminal is considered not to be limited, and the corresponding limited gear information indicates that the video gear is not required to be limited.
S230: an initial video gear is determined from the selectable video gears based on the limit gear information, the bandwidth information, and the video gear information.
Illustratively, after determining the limiting gear information for the viewer, an initial video gear is further determined from the selectable video gears based on the limiting gear information, the bandwidth information, and the video gear information. Wherein, when determining the initial video gear from the selectable video gears, the selectable video gears are below the limiting gear indicated by the limiting gear information. Further, after determining the selectable video gear, determining an initial video gear in the determined selectable video gear according to the bandwidth information and the adaptation condition of the video gear information.
In one possible embodiment, the video gear information provided by the scheme includes video code rate information and transcoding delay information, where the video code rate information and the transcoding delay information may be recorded by the anchor server when transcoding the source stream video. Based on this, as shown in a schematic diagram of an initial gear determination flow provided in fig. 5, when determining an initial video gear from selectable video gears according to limiting gear information, bandwidth information and video gear information, the scheme includes:
s231: and determining the optional gear set according to the limiting gear information and the optional video gears.
S232: and determining that the code rate distance between the video code rate information and the bandwidth information is within a set code rate threshold value from the selectable gear set, and transcoding the selectable video gear with the delay information within the set delay threshold value as an initial video gear.
In an exemplary embodiment, after determining the limiting gear information for the viewer, determining a selectable video gear of the current viewer from the selectable video gears of the direct broadcasting room corresponding to the video data request according to the limiting gear information, and determining the selectable gear set according to the determined selectable video gear.
For example, when the limiting gear indicated by the limiting gear information is an ultra-high image quality gear, the selectable video gears include a high image quality gear, a medium image quality gear, and a limiting low image quality gear, and the corresponding selectable gear sets are: (high-quality gear, medium-quality gear, limited low-quality gear). When the limiting gear information indicates that the limiting of the video gear is not needed, the selectable video gears comprise an ultrahigh image quality gear, a high image quality gear, a medium image quality gear and a limiting low image quality gear, and the corresponding selectable gear sets are as follows: (ultra high image quality gear, medium image quality gear, limited low image quality gear).
Further, after determining the selectable gear set at the current audience end, determining the code rate distance (i.e. the difference value between the video code rate information and the bandwidth information at the audience end) between the video code rate information of each video gear in the selectable gear set and the bandwidth information at the audience end, and comparing the code rate distance with a set code rate threshold. And comparing transcoding delay information of each video gear in the selectable gear set with a set delay threshold. And determining that the code rate distance between the video code rate information and the bandwidth information is within a set code rate threshold according to the comparison result, and transcoding the optional video gear with the delay information within the set delay threshold as an initial video gear.
In one possible embodiment, in determining the initial video gear from the selectable video gears, this may be based on the following formula:
|CR n -BW|≤0.1*CR n
CD n ≤CD threshold
wherein CR is n The BW is bandwidth information of a spectator end and is CD (compact disc) for video code rate information corresponding to an nth selectable video gear in a selectable gear set n Transcoding delay information corresponding to the nth selectable video gear, CD threshold To set a delay threshold. When the selectable gear set meets the two formulas at the same time, the selectable gear set can be considered as an initial video gear, the code rate distance between the video code rate information and the bandwidth information is within a set code rate threshold, and the transcoding delay information is within a set delay threshold.
In one possible embodiment, when determining that the code rate distance between the video code rate information and the bandwidth information is within the set code rate threshold from the optional gear set, and the optional video gear with the transcoding delay information within the set delay threshold is taken as the initial video gear, the method specifically includes:
s2321: and determining the code rate distance between the video code rate information and the bandwidth information from the selectable gear set to be within a set code rate threshold value, and transcoding the selectable video gears with delay information within the set delay threshold value.
S2322: and responding to the determined code rate distance being within the set code rate threshold value, and the number of the optional video gears of the transcoding delay information being within the set delay threshold value being 1, taking the determined optional video gears as initial video gears.
S2323: and determining an initial video gear from the plurality of selectable video gears in response to the determined code rate distance being within the set code rate threshold and the number of gears of the selectable video gears for which the transcoding delay information is within the set delay threshold being less than or greater than 1.
The code rate distance and the transcoding delay information corresponding to each selectable video gear in the selectable gear set are compared with a set code rate threshold and a set delay threshold respectively, and the selectable video gears with the code rate distance within the set code rate threshold and the transcoding delay information within the set delay threshold are determined. And when the determined code rate distance is within the set code rate threshold value and the gear number of the selectable video gears of the transcoding delay information within the set delay threshold value is 1, directly taking the determined selectable video gears as initial video gears. And determining an initial video gear from the plurality of selectable video gears when the determined number of gears of the selectable video gears is less than or greater than 1 (i.e., there are no selectable video gears meeting the requirements of the set code rate threshold and the set delay threshold, or there are a plurality of selectable video gears meeting the requirements of the set code rate threshold and the set delay threshold).
In one possible embodiment, when determining the initial video gear from the plurality of selectable video gears, steps S23231-S23234 are included:
s23231 determines picture quality information corresponding to a plurality of selectable video gears and estimates a stuck time.
For example, when it is determined that the plurality of code rate distances are within the set code rate threshold and the transcoding delay information is within the selectable video gears within the set delay threshold, the picture quality information and the estimated click time of the selectable video gears are determined. The estimated duration of the video is understood as the estimated duration of the video corresponding to each of the selectable video, where all data of the group of pictures corresponding to each of the selectable video in the set of selectable video is received by the viewer.
The estimated click time may be obtained by analyzing a neural learning model (e.g., DNN model). For example, based on the cards Duan Shichang corresponding to the collected different data when receiving the video data of different video gears under different network conditions, the neural learning model is trained, and the trained neural learning model can be used to determine the estimated click time corresponding to different selectable video gears. Or different characteristic data of different devices in the video transmission process are collected in advance, and the characteristic data are cleaned. Wherein the characteristic data includes external characteristics (e.g., region where different devices are located, device model, network type, etc.) and internal characteristics (e.g., bandwidth value, whether bandwidth is suddenly raised or dropped, code rate, video out time, click-through rate, etc.). Further, the collected feature data is screened. Alternatively, the screening of the feature data may be performed based on a GDBT (Gradient Boosting Decision Tree, gradient-lifted iterative decision tree) algorithm, for example, to determine the relationship between each feature and the katon, and select one or more feature data with the greatest influence to classify the device. During classification, all the characteristic data can be firstly utilized to fit a model, and after the most important characteristic data is selected, the operation is repeated to re-evaluate the importance of the rest characteristic data. If the number of the selected feature data is quite different, the feature data group with smaller number can be directly reserved, only the rest feature data are classified, the selected important external features are utilized to group the audience, and the internal features with strong relevance to the jamming rate are selected. Furthermore, the characteristic data of the groups are input into a neural learning model for training, and the estimated cartoon time corresponding to different selectable video files can be determined by using the trained neural learning model.
The picture quality information may be understood as picture quality corresponding to the selectable video gear, and may be determined according to a peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and/or a Structural Similarity (SSIM) of video data corresponding to the selectable video gear. The picture quality information can be calculated by the anchor server and sent to the audience server according to the set time interval.
S23232: and determining an optimal gear solution set corresponding to the plurality of selectable video gears according to the picture quality information and the estimated click time, wherein the optimal gear solution set aims at maximizing the picture quality information and minimizing the estimated click time.
The optimal gear solution set corresponding to the selectable video gears is determined according to the determined picture quality information corresponding to the selectable video gears and the estimated katen time. For example, an optimal gear solution set is determined based on the following objective function:
the maxf1 (x) is a first objective function corresponding to the maximized video gear image quality, the maxf2 (x) is a second objective function corresponding to the minimized estimated katen time, and the pareto optimal solution can be solved based on the objective functions, so that a plurality of selectable video gears corresponding to the pareto optimal solution are obtained.
S23233: and based on the set weight coefficient, carrying out weighted summation calculation on the combination of each picture quality information and the estimated click time in the optimal gear solution set to obtain weighted summation results corresponding to a plurality of selectable video gears.
S23234: an initial video gear is determined based on the weighted sum results corresponding to the plurality of selectable video gears.
After obtaining the optimal gear solution sets corresponding to the plurality of selectable video gears, the combination of the picture quality information of each selectable video gear in the optimal gear solution sets and the estimated click time is weighted and summed according to the set weight coefficient. For example, the weighted sum result for each selectable video gear in the optimal gear solution set may be determined based on the weighted sum formula:
f(x)＝a*f1(x)+b*f2(x)
wherein a and b are set weight coefficients, f1 (x) is a first objective function corresponding to the xth optional video gear in the optimal gear solution set, and f2 (x) is a second objective function corresponding to the xth optional video gear in the optimal gear solution set. The optional video gear corresponding to the maximum weighted sum result maxf (x) may be taken as the initial video gear.
The method comprises the steps that a first objective function in the objective functions can ensure video quality watched by a viewer (online viewers prefer high-quality videos), a second objective function can ensure experience of the viewer on video playing (video playing speed is increased, video playing is reduced, and clamping is carried out), and two objective functions can have conflict.
S240: and sending video data corresponding to the initial video gear to the audience, wherein the video data is provided by a host server.
Above-mentioned, through confirm corresponding optional video gear and video gear information when receiving the video data request that audience terminal sent, confirm initial video gear from optional video gear according to audience terminal's equipment model information, bandwidth information and video gear information to obtain the video data that initial video gear corresponds and send to audience terminal from the anchor server, in order to adapt to audience terminal's equipment model and bandwidth condition, guarantee video broadcast effect when guaranteeing video viewing smoothness. Meanwhile, the limiting gear corresponding to the equipment of different types is determined according to the limiting model list, and the situation that video playing effect is poor when video data of higher gear is sent to the audience terminal under the condition of good network is reduced. The code rate distance between the video code rate information and the bandwidth information of the initial video gear is within a set code rate threshold value, the transcoding delay information is within a set delay threshold value, and the video gear of the video data sent to the audience terminal is more in line with the hardware and network environment of the audience terminal. According to the conditions of a network, equipment and the like, the video gear of the initial transmission is selected in a self-adaptive mode, technical indexes such as second output, frame rate and code rate of the initial transmission video are improved, experience feeling of audiences and live broadcast watching time of the audiences are improved, an initial video gear which is most suitable for the model and bandwidth of the audiences is calculated for the audiences, and balance of smoothness and high image quality of the video watching of the audiences is effectively achieved.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an initial gear video streaming device according to an embodiment of the present application. Referring to fig. 6, the initial gear video streaming apparatus includes a request response module 61, a gear determination module 62, and a video distribution module 63.
The request response module 61 is configured to respond to a video data request sent by a viewer end, and determine an optional video gear corresponding to the video data request and video gear information of the optional video gear; the gear determining module 62 is configured to determine an initial video gear from the selectable video gears according to the device model information, the bandwidth information, and the video gear information of the viewer side; the video delivery module 63 is configured to send video data corresponding to the initial video gear to the viewer, the video data being provided by the anchor server.
In one possible embodiment, the gear determination module 62, when determining the initial video gear from the selectable video gears based on the device model information, bandwidth information, and video gear information on the viewer side, is configured to:
determining limit gear information according to a set limit model list and equipment model information of a spectator side, wherein the limit model list records limit gear information corresponding to equipment of different types;
An initial video gear is determined from the selectable video gears based on the limit gear information, the bandwidth information, and the video gear information.
In one possible embodiment, the video gear information includes video code rate information and transcoding delay information;
the gear determination module 62, when determining an initial video gear from the selectable video gears based on the limit gear information, the bandwidth information, and the video gear information, is configured to:
determining a selectable gear set according to the limiting gear information and the selectable video gears;
and determining that the code rate distance between the video code rate information and the bandwidth information is within a set code rate threshold value from the selectable gear set, and transcoding the selectable video gear with the delay information within the set delay threshold value as an initial video gear.
In one possible embodiment, the gear determination module 62 is configured to, when determining, from the set of selectable gears, that the code rate distance of the video code rate information from the bandwidth information is within the set code rate threshold, and the transcoding delay information is within the set delay threshold, as the initial video gear:
determining the code rate distance between the video code rate information and the bandwidth information from the selectable gear set to be within a set code rate threshold value, and transcoding delay information to be within a selectable video gear within a set delay threshold value;
Responding to the determined code rate distance being within a set code rate threshold value, wherein the number of the optional video gears of the transcoding delay information being within the set delay threshold value is 1, and taking the determined optional video gears as initial video gears;
and determining an initial video gear from the plurality of selectable video gears in response to the determined code rate distance being within the set code rate threshold and the number of gears of the selectable video gears for which the transcoding delay information is within the set delay threshold being less than or greater than 1.
In one possible embodiment, gear determination module 62, when determining an initial video gear from a plurality of selectable video gears, is configured to:
determining picture quality information corresponding to a plurality of selectable video gears and estimating the stuck time;
according to the picture quality information and the estimated click time, determining an optimal gear solution set corresponding to a plurality of selectable video gears, wherein the optimal gear solution set aims at maximizing the picture quality information and minimizing the estimated click time;
based on the set weight coefficient, carrying out weighted summation calculation on each combination of the picture quality information and the estimated click time in the optimal gear solution set to obtain weighted summation results corresponding to a plurality of selectable video gears;
An initial video gear is determined based on the weighted sum results corresponding to the plurality of selectable video gears.
In one possible embodiment, the video delivery module 63, when sending the video data corresponding to the initial video gear to the viewer, is configured to:
responding to the video data corresponding to the cached initial video gear, and directly transmitting the video data corresponding to the initial video gear to a spectator terminal;
and responding to the video data which is not cached and corresponds to the initial video gear, acquiring the video data which is corresponding to the initial video gear from the anchor server and transmitting the video data to the audience terminal.
In one possible embodiment, the initial gear video streaming apparatus further includes a bandwidth query module configured to:
sending a network inquiry command to the logged-in audience terminal according to a set time interval, so that the logged-in audience terminal returns network feedback information in response to the network inquiry command;
and determining the bandwidth information corresponding to the logged-in audience terminal according to the network feedback information returned by the logged-in audience terminal.
Above-mentioned, through confirm corresponding optional video gear and video gear information when receiving the video data request that audience terminal sent, confirm initial video gear from optional video gear according to audience terminal's equipment model information, bandwidth information and video gear information to obtain the video data that initial video gear corresponds and send to audience terminal from the anchor server, in order to adapt to audience terminal's equipment model and bandwidth condition, guarantee video broadcast effect when guaranteeing video viewing smoothness. Meanwhile, the limiting gear corresponding to the equipment of different types is determined according to the limiting model list, and the situation that video playing effect is poor when video data of higher gear is sent to the audience terminal under the condition of good network is reduced.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the above-mentioned initial gear video streaming device, each unit and module included are only divided according to the functional logic, but not limited to the above-mentioned division, so long as the corresponding functions can be implemented; in addition, the specific names of the functional units are also only for distinguishing from each other, and are not used to limit the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application.
The embodiment of the application also provides an initial gear video streaming device which can integrate the initial gear video streaming device provided by the embodiment of the application. Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an initial gear video streaming device according to an embodiment of the present application. Referring to fig. 7, the initial gear video streaming apparatus includes: an input device 73, an output device 74, a memory 72, and one or more processors 71; a memory 72 for storing one or more programs; the one or more programs, when executed by the one or more processors 71, cause the one or more processors 71 to implement the initial gear video streaming method provided by the above-described embodiments. The initial gear video streaming device, the equipment and the computer provided by the embodiment can be used for executing the initial gear video streaming method provided by any embodiment, and have corresponding functions and beneficial effects.
The embodiments of the present application also provide a storage medium storing computer-executable instructions that, when executed by a computer processor, are for performing the initial gear video streaming method as provided by the above embodiments. Of course, the storage medium storing the computer executable instructions provided by the embodiments of the present application is not limited to the initial gear video streaming method provided above, and may also perform related operations in the initial gear video streaming method provided by any embodiment of the present application. The initial gear video streaming device, the device and the storage medium provided in the foregoing embodiments may perform the initial gear video streaming method provided in any embodiment of the present application, and technical details not described in detail in the foregoing embodiments may be referred to the initial gear video streaming method provided in any embodiment of the present application.
In some possible implementations, aspects of the methods provided by the present disclosure may also be implemented in the form of a program product comprising program code for causing a computer device as described above to carry out the steps of the methods according to the various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure as described above, when the program product is run on the computer device, e.g., the computer device may carry out the initial gear video streaming method as described in the examples of the present disclosure. Wherein the program product may employ any combination of one or more readable media.
Claims (9)
1. An initial gear video streaming method, comprising:
responding to a video data request sent by a viewer end, and determining an optional video gear corresponding to the video data request and video gear information of the optional video gear;
determining limit gear information according to a set limit model list and equipment model information of the audience terminal, wherein the limit model list records limit gear information corresponding to equipment of different types; determining an initial video gear from the selectable video gears according to the limiting gear information, the bandwidth information and the video gear information;
and sending video data corresponding to the initial video gear to the audience terminal, wherein the video data is provided by a host server.
2. The initial gear video streaming method according to claim 1, wherein the video gear information includes video code rate information and transcoding delay information;
the determining an initial video gear from the selectable video gears according to the limiting gear information, the bandwidth information and the video gear information comprises:
determining a selectable gear set according to the limiting gear information and the selectable video gear;
And determining that the code rate distance between the video code rate information and the bandwidth information is within a set code rate threshold value from the selectable gear set, and transcoding the selectable video gear with the delay information within the set delay threshold value as an initial video gear.
3. The method for transmitting an initial video stream according to claim 2, wherein determining, from the set of selectable video gears, that a code rate distance between video code rate information and bandwidth information is within a set code rate threshold value, and transcoding a selectable video gear whose delay information is within a set delay threshold value, as the initial video gear, comprises:
determining the selectable video gear of which the code rate distance between the video code rate information and the bandwidth information is within a set code rate threshold value and the transcoding delay information is within a set delay threshold value from the selectable gear set;
responding to the determined code rate distance being within a set code rate threshold value, wherein the number of the optional video gears of the transcoding delay information being within the set delay threshold value is 1, and taking the determined optional video gears as initial video gears;
and determining an initial video gear from the plurality of selectable video gears in response to the determined code rate distance being within the set code rate threshold and the number of gears of the selectable video gears for which the transcoding delay information is within the set delay threshold being less than or greater than 1.
4. The method of initial video streaming according to claim 3, wherein said determining an initial video gear from a plurality of selectable video gears comprises:
determining picture quality information corresponding to a plurality of selectable video gears and estimating the stuck time;
determining optimal gear solution sets corresponding to a plurality of selectable video gears according to the picture quality information and the estimated click time, wherein the optimal gear solution sets maximize the picture quality information and minimize the estimated click time as solution set targets;
based on the set weight coefficient, carrying out weighted summation calculation on the combination of each picture quality information and the estimated click time in the optimal gear solution set to obtain weighted summation results corresponding to a plurality of selectable video gears;
and determining an initial video gear based on the weighted summation result corresponding to the plurality of selectable video gears.
5. The method for transmitting an initial video streaming according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein said transmitting video data corresponding to said initial video shift to said viewer terminal includes:
responding to the cached video data corresponding to the initial video gear, and directly transmitting the video data corresponding to the initial video gear to the audience terminal;
And responding to the video data corresponding to the initial video gear which is not cached, acquiring the video data corresponding to the initial video gear from a host server, and sending the video data to the audience terminal.
6. The initial range video streaming method according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein said initial range video streaming method further comprises:
sending a network inquiry command to a logged-in audience terminal according to a set time interval, so that the logged-in audience terminal returns network feedback information in response to the network inquiry command;
and determining the bandwidth information corresponding to the logged-in audience terminal according to the network feedback information returned by the logged-in audience terminal.
7. The device for transmitting the initial gear video stream is characterized by comprising a request response module, a gear determination module and a video issuing module, wherein:
the request response module is configured to respond to a video data request sent by a viewer end and determine an optional video gear corresponding to the video data request and video gear information of the optional video gear;
the gear determining module is configured to determine limiting gear information according to a set limiting model list and equipment model information of the audience, wherein limiting gear information corresponding to equipment of different models is recorded in the limiting model list; determining an initial video gear from the selectable video gears according to the limiting gear information, the bandwidth information and the video gear information;
The video issuing module is configured to send video data corresponding to the initial video gear to the audience terminal, and the video data is provided by a host server.
8. An initial gear video streaming device, comprising: a memory and one or more processors;
the memory is used for storing one or more programs;
when the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors are caused to implement the initial gear video streaming method of any of claims 1-7.
9. A storage medium storing computer executable instructions which, when executed by a computer processor, are for performing the initial gear video streaming method of any of claims 1-7.
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