CN115314109A - Multichannel optical fiber transmission realized by FPGA - Google Patents

Abstract

A multi-channel fiber transmission implemented with an FPGA is disclosed. After receiving a second control frame sent by a second communication device, a first communication device acquires second channel information from the second control frame to acquire a second channel number and a second channel number corresponding to the second communication device, determines a candidate channel according to the first channel number and the first channel number of the first communication device and the second channel number of the second communication device, and establishes a link in the candidate channel. Therefore, the link can be automatically established for the first communication equipment and the second communication equipment in an interactive mode, the maintenance cost is reduced, and the maintenance period is shortened.

Description

Multichannel optical fiber transmission realized by FPGA

The present application claims priority from the chinese patent application entitled "multi-channel fiber optic transmission with FPGA" filed on 12.04.2022 under application number 2022103788463, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to multi-channel optical fiber transmission realized by using an FPGA (field programmable gate array).

Background

Fiber-optic communication (Fiber-optic communication) is a communication method in which light is used as an information carrier and optical Fiber is used as a transmission medium. At a transmitting end, the transmitted information is changed into an electric signal, then modulated onto a laser beam emitted by a laser, so that the intensity of light is changed along with the change of the amplitude (frequency) of the electric signal, and the light is transmitted through an optical fiber by the principle of total reflection of the light; at the receiving end, the detector receives the optical signal and converts it into an electrical signal, which is demodulated to recover the original information.

In an optical fiber communication system, the transmission rates of optical modules at a transmitting end and a receiving end need to be matched, and meanwhile, compatibility between a Gbit transceiver module and the optical modules also needs to be met. In the existing optical transmission device, each optical module is used independently, or a plurality of optical modules are bound together in a fixed manner. When the transmission rate of the receiving end changes, the corresponding rate of the transmitting end also changes accordingly. The prior art generally matches the transmission rates of a transmitting end and a receiving end by replacing an optical module. However, the optical module itself is expensive to replace by replacing the optical module, and on the other hand, replacing the optical module may require replacing the Gbit transceiver module to satisfy compatibility, which further increases the equipment cost. Meanwhile, the operation of replacing the module is complex, and the maintenance period of the equipment is long.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, an object of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a multi-channel optical fiber transmission implemented by an FPGA, which can automatically establish a link for a first communication device and a second communication device in an interactive manner, so as to reduce the maintenance cost and shorten the maintenance period.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for multi-channel optical fiber transmission implemented by an FPGA, which is applied to a first communication device, where the first communication device includes a plurality of optical modules, and the optical modules are used for performing communication connection with a second communication device through optical fibers, where the method includes:

responding to the system power-on, and entering an initialization state; and

in the initialization state, sending a first control frame to a communication device needing to be connected, where the first control frame includes the first channel information, and the first channel information includes a first channel number and a first channel number corresponding to the first communication device;

responding to a second control frame sent by the second communication equipment, and acquiring second channel information from the second control frame, wherein the second channel information comprises a second channel number and a second channel number corresponding to the second communication equipment;

determining first channel information, wherein the first channel information comprises a first channel number and a first channel number corresponding to the first communication device;

determining candidate channels according to the first channel number, the second channel number and the second channel number; and

establishing a link in the candidate tunnel.

In some embodiments, the determining the first channel information comprises:

acquiring the first channel number and the first channel number which can be used for communication in stored data; or

Automatically detecting the first number of lanes and the first lane number available for communication.

In some embodiments, the determining the candidate channel according to the first channel number, and the second channel number includes:

and determining the channel corresponding to the first channel number as a candidate channel in response to the first channel number and the first channel number being consistent with the second channel number and the second channel number.

In some embodiments, the establishing a link in the candidate channel specifically includes:

and responding to the frame header alignment of each candidate channel, and establishing a link for each candidate channel.

In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

selecting part or all of the candidate channels to establish the link;

wherein the number of established links satisfies a transmission rate of the first communication device and the second communication device.

In some embodiments, the frame header alignment of the candidate channel specifically includes:

and responding to the fact that the transmission delay of the received second control frame in any candidate channel does not exceed a maximum delay compensation limit, and performing delay compensation according to the transmission delay, wherein the maximum delay compensation limit is a set maximum compensation optical fiber length value.

In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

and returning to an initialization state in response to the inconsistency between the first channel number and the second channel number or in response to the failure of alignment of the frame headers of the candidate channels.

In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

and in the communication process, in response to the detection of the link failure or high error rate, returning to an initialization state.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a communication apparatus for multi-channel optical fiber transmission implemented by an FPGA, which is applied to a first communication device, where the first communication device includes a plurality of optical modules, and the optical modules are used to perform communication connection with a second communication device through optical fibers, and the communication apparatus includes:

the initialization unit responds to the system power-on and enters an initialization state; and

a control frame sending unit, configured to send a first control frame to a communication device that needs to be connected in the initialization state, where the first control frame includes the first channel information, and the first channel information includes a first channel number and a first channel number corresponding to the first communication device;

a second channel information acquiring unit, configured to acquire, in response to receiving a second control frame sent by the second communication device, second channel information from the second control frame, where the second channel information includes a second channel number and a second channel number corresponding to the second communication device;

a first channel information obtaining unit, configured to determine first channel information, where the first channel information includes a first channel number and a first channel number corresponding to the first communication device;

a candidate channel determining unit, configured to determine a candidate channel according to the first channel number, the second channel number, and the second channel number; and

and the link establishing unit is used for establishing a link in the candidate channel.

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus for implementing multi-channel optical fiber transmission by using an FPGA, where the apparatus includes:

a plurality of optical modules configured to be communicatively connected by optical fibers; and

a control module comprising a memory and a processor, the memory for storing one or more computer program instructions, wherein the one or more computer program instructions are executed by the processor to implement the method of the first aspect.

According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, after receiving a second control frame sent by second communication equipment, first communication equipment acquires second channel information from the second control frame so as to acquire the number of second channels and the number of the second channels corresponding to the second communication equipment, determines candidate channels according to the number of the first channels and the number of the first channels of the first communication equipment and the number of the second channels of the first communication equipment, and establishes a link in the candidate channels. Therefore, the link can be automatically established for the first communication equipment and the second communication equipment in an interactive mode, the maintenance cost is reduced, and the maintenance period is shortened.

Drawings

The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system of a first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a communication system of a second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a first communication device of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a flow chart of signaling of a G-bit transceiver and optical module of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a transmit signal of a G-bit transceiver of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a flow chart of signal reception for a G-bit transceiver and optical module of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of a received signal of a G-bit transceiver of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the logic portion of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a frame header according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a structure of a control frame according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an idle frame according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a flow chart of establishing a link according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a flow chart of a method of communication of an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 14 is a flowchart of a communication apparatus of an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device of an embodiment of the invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described below based on examples, but the present invention is not limited to only these examples. In the following detailed description of the present invention, certain specific details are set forth. It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. Well-known methods, procedures, components and circuits have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the present invention.

Further, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the drawings provided herein are for illustrative purposes and are not necessarily drawn to scale.

Meanwhile, it should be understood that, in the following description, the "circuit" refers to a conductive loop constituted by at least one element or sub-circuit through electrical connection or electromagnetic connection. When an element or circuit is referred to as being "connected to" another element or element/circuit is referred to as being "connected between" two nodes, it may be directly coupled or connected to the other element or intervening elements may be present, and the connection between the elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly coupled" or "directly connected" to another element, it is intended that there are no intervening elements present.

Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, throughout the description, the words "comprise", "comprising", and the like are to be construed in an inclusive sense as opposed to an exclusive or exhaustive sense; that is, what is meant is "including, but not limited to".

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system of a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the communication system of the embodiment of the present invention includes a first communication apparatus 1, a second communication apparatus 2, and an optical fiber. Wherein, the first communication device 1 and the second communication device 2 are connected through an optical fiber. The communication system is a multi-channel optical fiber transmission system realized by using an FPGA.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the first communication device 1 and the second communication device 2 are connected by four optical fibers, which are 3a, 3b, 3c and 3d in the figure.

Further, the Optical Fiber connection may be implemented by Optical Interface protocols such as FCP (Fiber Channel Protocol), EPON (Ethernet Passive Optical Network, ethernet Passive Optical Network technology), GPON (Gigabit-Capable PON Gigabit Passive Optical Network), CPRI (Common Public Radio Interface), and the like. Wherein FCP is the transport protocol of optical signals over fibre channel. EPON is a broadband access technology that enables fiber-optic communications through a single fiber-optic access system. GPON is a broadband passive optical integrated access standard, connecting an OLT (optical line terminal) and ONT/ONU (optical network terminal) through optical fibers and optical splitters. The CPRI defines an interface relationship between the REC (Radio Equipment Control, base station data processing Control unit) and the RE (Radio Equipment, base station transceiver unit), and transmits a baseband signal in a digital signal manner.

In the present embodiment, the first communication device 1 and the second communication device 2 establish a link by interactively selecting one or more of the optical fibres 3a, 3b, 3c and 3d. In data transmission, the first communication device 1 converts a signal to be transmitted (e.g., audio, video, text, etc.) into an electrical signal and converts the electrical signal into an optical signal, transmits the optical signal to the second communication device 2 through an optical fiber, and the second communication device 2 receives the optical signal through the optical fiber and converts the optical signal into the electrical signal, and then restores the electrical signal to the transmitted signal (e.g., audio, video, text, etc.). Similarly, the second communication device 2 can transmit the signal to be transmitted to the first communication device based on the same principle. Thereby, the optical fiber communication between the first communication apparatus 1 and the second communication apparatus 2 can be realized.

It should be noted that, the embodiment of the present invention does not limit the types and application scenarios of the first communication device and the second communication device, and may be applied to various existing optical communication systems. In a specific example, the first communication device 1 and the second communication device 2 may be two computers or other devices connected by an optical fiber, and the two devices may communicate with each other through the optical fiber.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a communication system of a second embodiment of the present invention. The embodiment shown in fig. 2 differs from fig. 1 in that the communication system in fig. 2 further comprises a first data device 4 and a second data device 5. The first data device 4 is in communication connection with the first communication device 1, and is configured to provide data to be transmitted for the first communication device 1 or receive data from the first communication device 1. The second data device 5 is in communication connection with the second communication device 2, and is configured to provide data to be transmitted for the second communication device 2, or receive data from the second communication device 2.

In this embodiment, the first data device 4 and the first communication device 1 or the second data device 5 and the second communication device 2 may be connected in a wired or wireless manner.

Further, the first communication device 1 and the second communication device 2 according to the embodiment of the present invention are devices such as a router and a switch having an optical fiber communication function.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the types and application scenarios of the first communication device and the second communication device are not limited, and the embodiments may be applied to various existing optical communication systems.

In a specific example, the communication system shown in fig. 2 may be applied to a monitoring system, wherein the first data device 4 may be a data acquisition device, such as a sensor. Correspondingly, the second data device 5 may be an upper computer. Specifically, the first data collection device 4 collects data to be transmitted, the collected data are sent to the first communication device 1, the first communication device 1 converts signals to be transmitted into electric signals and converts the electric signals into optical signals, the optical signals are transmitted to the second communication device 2 through optical fibers, the second communication device 2 receives the optical signals through the optical fibers and converts the optical signals into the electric signals, the electric signals are restored into collected signals and transmitted to the second data device 5, and the second data device 5 processes the collected signals to realize remote monitoring.

It should be understood that the examples shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2 are only a few examples provided by the embodiment of the present invention, and the application scenario of the communication system is not limited by the embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention may be applied to any system that communicates through an optical fiber.

Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a first communication device of an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 3, the first communication device 1 includes a control module 11 and a plurality of light modules. In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, the first communication device is exemplified to include four optical modules, 12a, 12b, 12c, and 12d, respectively. The communication equipment is equipment for realizing multi-channel optical fiber transmission by using an FPGA.

In this embodiment, each optical module has an optical port to which an optical fiber can be connected. The optical fiber 3a is connected to the optical module 12a, the optical fiber 3b is connected to the optical module 12b, the optical fiber 3c is connected to the optical module 12c, and the optical fiber 3d is connected to the optical module 12d.

In this embodiment, the control module 11 is connected to a plurality of optical modules, and on one hand, may select one or more established links among the plurality of optical modules by performing data interaction with a connected communication device, and control the optical modules to transmit signals. On the other hand, data processing may be performed, for example, a signal to be transmitted may be converted into an electrical signal and the electrical signal may be converted into an optical signal, and for example, a received optical signal may be converted into an electrical signal and the electrical signal may be restored to a transmission signal at the transmitting end.

It should be understood that the control module according to the embodiment of the present invention may be implemented in various existing manners, such as an MCU (micro Controller Unit), a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), a DSP (Digital Signal Processor), or an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit).

Taking the control module as an FPGA as an example for explanation, the control module 11 includes a logic portion 111 and four G-bit transceivers, where the number of the G-bit transceivers is the same as the number of the optical modules, specifically, as shown in fig. 112a, 112b, 112c, and 112d, and each G-bit transceiver is connected to one optical module.

In this embodiment, the G-bit transceiver is used for performing related data processing, and the optical module is used for implementing optical-to-electrical conversion or electrical-to-optical conversion.

Specifically, the process of signal transmission of the G-bit transceiver and the optical module can refer to fig. 4, and in the embodiment shown in fig. 4, the data processing process of the G-bit transceiver 112 includes a transmission interface, encoding, parallel-serial conversion, and pre-emphasis. The data processing flow of the optical module 12 includes a laser driver and a laser.

In this embodiment, the transmission interface acquires parallel data and encodes the parallel data, wherein the encoding method may be 4B/5b,8b/10b,64b/66B, and the like. It should be understood that the present embodiment encodes the parallel data signal by the information coding, but the present invention does not limit the encoding manner, and the encoding manner includes NRZ (Non-Return to Zero Code), NRZI (Non-Return to Zero Inverted Code) coding, and the like.

Further, parallel-to-serial conversion converts the encoded signal into serial data, and pre-emphasis is performed on the serial data. Specifically, pre-emphasis compensates the serial data, and the compensation mode includes time domain compensation and frequency domain compensation.

Further, the laser driver modulates the serial data into an optical signal and transmits the optical signal to the optical fiber through the laser.

In one particular implementation, the circuitry of the gigabit transceiver in transmitting the signal can be as shown in fig. 5. In fig. 5, the G-bit transceiver includes a transmission interface, an encoder, a parallel-to-serial converter, a pre-emphasis module, a polarity inversion module, a transmission driver, a first clock driver, a phase difference unit, a physical interface wake-up unit, a physical interface, a clock synchronizer, a pseudo-random sequence generator, an encoding support module, a physical input interface controller, and a phase difference unit control module.

In an optional implementation manner, the sending interface acquires parallel data to be sent, and the encoder encodes the parallel data and sends the encoded parallel data to the polarity inversion module.

The coding support module supports a plurality of coding modes, wherein the coding modes comprise 4B/5B,8B/10B,64B/66B and the like. In the process of encoding the parallel data, the encoder inserts a first control character, wherein the first control character comprises a starting marker bit and an ending marker bit and is used for alignment in the process of transmitting the parallel data.

Further, the polarity inversion module performs polarity inversion processing and sends the polarity inversion processing to the parallel-to-serial converter in response to receiving the parallel data, the parallel-to-serial converter converts the parallel data into a first serial data signal, and the pre-emphasis module performs pre-emphasis processing on the first serial data signal in response to receiving the first serial data signal, and sends the first serial data signal to the optical module through sending driving.

After the polarity inversion module processes the parallel data, the parallel data comprise differential signals. The pseudo-random sequence generator generates a first pseudo-random sequence code for error rate detection of communication transmission. The clock synchronizer isolates the first parallel clock domain and the second parallel clock domain by sending the elastic buffer and synchronizes the first parallel clock domain and the second parallel clock domain. The phase difference controller control module supports dynamic control of the phase difference controller and fine-tunes parameters of each component in the data sending logic. Specifically, the phase difference value device is controlled by the terminal in the modes of keyboard input, mouse clicking, sliding and the like, and parameters of all components in the data sending logic are finely adjusted.

In another optional implementation manner, when the sending interface is connected to a Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA) to send external data, the physical input interface controller enables the physical interface wake-up unit, the external data is transmitted through the channel, the out-band data detection module detects an out-band data signal, communicates with the SATA management, and sends the out-band data signal to the polarity inversion module. And the polarity inversion module responds to the received external data signal, performs polarity inversion processing and sends the external data signal to the parallel-serial converter. The parallel-serial converter responds to the received external data signal and converts the external data signal into a serial data signal, and the pre-emphasis module responds to the received serial data signal, performs pre-emphasis processing on the serial data signal, and sends the serial data signal to the optical module through the sending driver.

The process of signal reception of the G-bit transceiver and optical module can refer to fig. 6, and in the embodiment shown in fig. 6, the data processing process of the G-bit transceiver 112 includes a receiving interface, decoding, serial-to-parallel conversion, and an equalizer. The data processing flow of the optical module 12 includes a diode and an amplifier.

In this embodiment, when receiving data, the diode modulates the optical signal received through the optical fiber into serial data, and the amplifier amplifies the serial data with a certain intensity and low noise. The equalizer compensates serial data, and the compensation mode comprises amplitude frequency compensation and phase frequency compensation. The serial-parallel conversion converts serial data into parallel signals, and the decoder decodes and outputs the parallel data.

In one particular implementation, the circuitry of the G-bit transceiver when receiving a signal may be as shown in fig. 7. In fig. 7, the G-bit transceiver includes a receiving interface, a decoder, a serial-to-parallel converter, an equalizer, a second clock driver, an out-band data port, a receiving polarity controller, a detection and alignment module, a checker decoder, a physical output interface controller decoder, a physical output port, a clock synchronizer, a decoding support module, and a clock recoverer.

The equalizer receives serial data output by the optical module and compensates the serial data, wherein the compensation mode comprises amplitude frequency compensation and phase frequency compensation. And the clock restorer receives the serial data sent by the equalizer and restores the clock. Specifically, the clock restorer extracts clock information in the serial data and synthesizes a clock which is consistent with the clock frequency of the serial data to replace the clock of the serial data.

Further, the serial-to-parallel converter converts the serial data into parallel data in response to receiving the serial data transmitted by the clock recoverer. And the receiving polarity controller receives the parallel data sent by the serial-parallel converter, performs polarity inversion processing and sends the parallel data to the detection and alignment module. And the detection and alignment module extracts a second control character carried by the parallel data and realizes data receiving alignment according to a start zone bit and an end zone bit of the second control character.

And the receiving polarity controller carries out polarity inversion processing on the parallel data and then eliminates the parallel data signal differential signal.

And the checker automatically extracts the pseudo-random sequence code of the parallel data signal band and detects the error rate of the parallel data.

Further, the decoder responds to the received parallel data sent by the detection and alignment module, decodes the parallel data and sends the decoded parallel data to the user logic through the receiving interface.

The clock synchronizer isolates the third parallel clock domain and the fourth parallel clock domain through the receiving elastic buffer and synchronizes the third parallel clock domain and the fourth parallel clock domain. And the decoding support module supports a plurality of decoding modes according to the encoding modes of the parallel data.

And the physical output port controller enables the physical output port, and the decoder decodes the second parallel signal and outputs data through the physical output port.

The embodiment of the invention carries out optical fiber communication through the G-bit transceiver in the FGPA, has the technologies of serial-parallel conversion, channel binding, line coding, pre-emphasis, clock recovery and the like, and can meet the requirement of high-speed data transmission on the basis of ensuring the integrity of signals. The optical fiber receiving and transmitting integrated module integrates the electro-optical conversion circuit and the photoelectric conversion circuit, and the realization difficulty of an FPGA-based optical fiber communication data transmission technology can be reduced.

In the present embodiment, the logic portion 111 is used to establish a link with a connected communication apparatus, and perform maintenance and the like of the link.

In particular, FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the logic of an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 8, the processing logic of the communication device of the embodiment of the present invention includes a sending logic 111a, a receiving logic 111b, a state machine 111c, and a user logic 111d.

The sending logic 111a includes flow control logic, sending buffer logic, and header and maintenance information generating logic.

The frame header and maintenance information generation logic is configured to generate frame headers and maintenance information. The structure of the frame header can refer to fig. 9, and in fig. 9, the first clock is the frame header and includes 8 bytes. 6,7 bytes is the frame header flag. Byte 5 bit frame types, including control frame A1, idle frame A3, and data frame A5. The length of byte 2 frame is the number of samples contained in the data frame (except for the frame header). Byte 0,1 is the CRC check of the frame header.

Further, the structure of the control frame can be seen from fig. 10, where byte 7 of the first sample point is the number of channels in the optical fiber group, such as 1, 2, and 4. Byte 6 is the logical channel number, i.e., the logical channel value for this channel.

The structure of the idle frame can refer to fig. 11.

The data frame has a maximum of 128 samples.

The flow control logic sends a buffer empty and full output ready signal to the user logic according to the current link state. The user logic receives the ready signal before it can send user data, which is accompanied by valid, start and end flag signals.

The transmit buffer logic may buffer a certain number of clocks of data.

When the link is established and no data is sent by the user logic, the sending logic generates an idle frame and sends the idle frame to the receiving end, and the link communication is ensured.

The receive logic 111b includes flow control logic, receive buffer logic, header and maintenance information extraction logic, and frame synchronization logic.

The frame synchronization logic detects the received data, searches for frame header indicia and performs a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) Check, indicating receipt of a frame header if the CRC Check passes.

The frame header extracts 2~5 bytes in the received frame header for judging the frame type and determining the frame number and the frame length.

The receive buffer may buffer 16 samples of data.

The flow control outputs data frames in response to a ready signal provided by the user side logic, the data frames being accompanied by valid, start and end flag signals.

The state machine 111c is responsible for the establishment and maintenance of the link.

Specifically, fig. 12 is a flow chart of establishing a link according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the embodiment shown in fig. 12, the establishing of the link by the first communication device and the second communication device through respective state machines specifically includes the following steps:

and step S101, powering on the system.

In this embodiment, the system is powered on to indicate that the first communication device and the second communication device are connected. Specifically, when the first communication device is already powered on, if the second communication device is switched from the power-off state to the power-on state, the system is powered on. Similarly, when the second communication device is already powered on, if the first communication device is switched from the power-off state to the power-on state, the system is powered on.

It should be understood that the booting according to the embodiment of the present invention may refer to the booting of the device itself, or may refer to the device having a communication requirement, for example, the communication function of the device is turned on.

And step S102, entering an initialization state.

In this embodiment, the first communication device sends a reset signal to the G-bit transceiver through the FPGA to perform reset, and after the reset is completed, the first communication device enters an initialization state. Similarly, the second communication device enters the initialization state after the reset is completed based on the same principle.

And step S103, acquiring first channel information.

In this embodiment, the first communication device obtains the first number of channels and the first channel number that can be used for communication from stored data, or automatically detects the first number of channels and the first channel number that can be used for communication through an FPGA, thereby obtaining first channel information.

And step S104, acquiring second channel information.

In this embodiment, the second communication device acquires the second channel number and the second channel number that can be used for communication in stored data, or automatically detects the second channel number and the second channel number that can be used for communication by an FPGA, thereby acquiring the second channel information.

And step S105, transmitting the first control frame.

In this embodiment, a first communication device FPGA generates a first control frame through a frame header and a maintenance information generation logic, and continuously sends the first control frame to a second communication device, where the first control frame includes the first channel information.

And step S106, sending a second control frame.

In this embodiment, the second communication device FPGA generates a second control frame through a frame header and a maintenance information generation logic, and continuously sends the second control frame to the second communication device, where the second control frame includes the second channel information.

And S107, successfully detecting the frame header.

In this embodiment, in response to continuously receiving the second control frame, the first communication device frame synchronization logic searches for a header flag of the second control frame and performs CRC check, where if the CRC check passes, the second control frame is a valid second control frame, and if the CRC check fails, the second control frame is an invalid second control frame.

If three valid second control frames are detected continuously, the frame header detection is successful, and step S110 is entered.

If five invalid second control frames are detected continuously, the frame header detection fails, and the process proceeds to step S108.

And step S108, sending detection failure information.

In this embodiment, after the first communication device sends the detection failure information to the second communication device, the step 102 is returned.

And step S109, successfully detecting the frame header.

Similarly, the second communication device performs frame header detection on the continuously received first control frame based on the method for frame header detection of the first communication device in step S107.

If three valid first control frames are detected continuously, the frame header detection is successful, and step S110 is entered.

And (4) continuously detecting five invalid first control frames, failing to detect the frame header, sending detection failure information to the first communication equipment, and returning to the step (S102).

And step S110, the channel information is consistent.

In this embodiment, the first communication device header and the maintenance information extraction logic may acquire the second channel information from the second control frame in response to receiving the second control frame sent by the second communication device. The second channel information includes the second channel number and a second channel number.

Further, when the first channel number is consistent with the second channel number, and the first channel number is consistent with the second channel number, it indicates that the channel information is consistent.

And detecting that the second channel information is consistent with the first channel information, and entering step S113.

If the second channel information is not consistent with the first channel information, the process proceeds to step S111.

And step S111, sending failure information for establishing the channel.

In this embodiment, after the first communication device sends the channel establishment failure information to the second communication device, the step 102 is returned.

And step S112, the channel information is consistent.

In this embodiment, similarly, the second communication device detects the received first channel information and the second channel information based on the method for detecting the consistency of the channel information by the first communication device in step S110.

And detecting that the first channel information is consistent with the second channel information, and entering step S114.

And after detecting that the first channel information is inconsistent with the second channel information, sending channel establishment failure information to the first communication device, and returning to the step 102.

And step S113, establishing a channel.

In this embodiment, the first communication device determines the channel corresponding to the first channel number as a candidate channel.

And step S114, establishing a channel.

In this embodiment, the second communication device determines the channel corresponding to the second channel number as a candidate channel.

And step S115, aligning the frame headers in the channels.

And the first communication equipment receives the cache logic and judges whether the transmission delay of the received second control frame in any candidate channel exceeds the maximum delay compensation limit or not, and carries out delay compensation according to the transmission delay. Wherein the delay compensation is specifically to compensate for at least 10 meters of fiber length difference. The maximum delay compensation limit is the set maximum length of the compensation optical fiber.

If the transmission delay exceeds the maximum delay compensation limit, the second control frame fails to be aligned in the channel, and step S116 is performed.

If the transmission delay exceeds the maximum delay compensation limit, the second control frame is successfully aligned in the channel, and step S118 is performed.

And step S116, sending frame header alignment failure information.

In this embodiment, the first communication device sends frame header alignment failure information to the second communication device, and returns to step 102.

And step S117, aligning the frame headers in the channels.

In this embodiment, similarly, the second communication device determines whether the received first control frame is aligned in any of the candidate channels based on the method in which the first communication device determines in step S115 whether the channel transmission delay of the second control frame exceeds the maximum delay compensation limit.

The first control frame is successfully aligned in the channel, and the process proceeds to step S118.

The first control frame fails to align in the channel, sends frame header alignment failure information to the first communication device, and returns to step 102.

And step S118, establishing a link.

In this embodiment, the first communication device and the second communication device select some or all of the candidate channels to establish the link. Wherein the number of established links satisfies a transmission rate of the first communication device and the second communication device.

Further, the first communication device and the second communication device may select a candidate channel according to the transmission rate, wherein the rate of the selected candidate channel satisfies the transmission rate.

For example, assuming that the first communication device and the second communication device are connected by four optical fibers, the four optical fibers can normally communicate by the above determination, and thus, the number of the determined candidate channels is 4. The transmission rate requirement can be met if two channels are passed between the first communication device and the second communication device. Then, the first communication device and the second communication device may select four candidate channels to establish the link, or may select three or two candidate channels to establish the link, so that the channels may be freely selected to establish the link in an interactive manner.

Further, the first communication device and the second communication device exchange rates during the process of establishing the link. For example, the first communication device and the second communication device start probing from the lowest rate, such as 1G, to see that normal data packets cannot be received, then increase the rate to 2G, 10G, etc., and finally negotiate a highest transmission rate. In the process of building the link, the speed is aligned first, and after the number of the links is aligned and the speed of each link is aligned, the link is synchronously completed.

Thereby, the first communication device and the second communication device establish a link through respective state machines.

In the embodiment of the invention, after receiving a second control frame sent by a second communication device, a first communication device acquires second channel information from the second control frame to acquire a second channel number and a second channel number corresponding to the second communication device, determines a candidate channel according to the first channel number and the first channel number of the first communication device and the second channel number of the first communication device, and establishes a link in the candidate channel. Therefore, the link can be automatically established for the first communication equipment and the second communication equipment in an interactive mode, the maintenance cost is reduced, and the maintenance period is shortened.

Fig. 13 is a flow chart of a communication method of an embodiment of the present invention. In the embodiment shown in fig. 13, the communication method is applied to a first communication device, where the first communication device includes a plurality of optical modules, and the optical modules are used for performing communication connection with a second communication device through optical fibers, and the communication method is a method of multi-channel optical fiber transmission implemented by an FPGA. The method specifically comprises the following steps:

step S210, in response to receiving a second control frame sent by the second communication device, obtaining second channel information from the second control frame, where the second channel information includes a second channel number and a second channel number corresponding to the second communication device.

Step S220, determining first channel information, where the first channel information includes a first channel number and a first channel number corresponding to the first communication device.

Step S230, determining candidate channels according to the first channel number, the second channel number, and the second channel number.

And step S240, establishing a link in the candidate channel.

In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

responding to the system power-on, and entering an initialization state; and

and sending a first control frame to the communication equipment needing to be connected in the initialization state, wherein the first control frame comprises the first channel information, and the first channel information comprises a first channel number and a first channel number corresponding to the first communication equipment.

In some embodiments, the determining first channel information comprises:

acquiring the first channel number and the first channel number which can be used for communication in stored data; or

Automatically detecting the first number of lanes and the first lane number available for communication.

In some embodiments, the determining the candidate channel according to the first channel number, and the second channel number includes:

and determining the channel corresponding to the first channel number as a candidate channel in response to the first channel number and the first channel number being consistent with the second channel number and the second channel number.

In some embodiments, the establishing a link in the candidate channel specifically includes:

and responding to the frame header alignment of each candidate channel, and establishing a link for each candidate channel.

In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

selecting part or all of the candidate channels to establish the link;

wherein the number of established links satisfies a transmission rate of the first communication device and the second communication device.

In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

and returning to an initialization state in response to the inconsistency between the first channel number and the second channel number or in response to the failure of alignment of the frame headers of the candidate channels.

In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

and in the communication process, in response to the detection of the link failure or high error rate, returning to an initialization state.

In the embodiment of the invention, after receiving a second control frame sent by a second communication device, a first communication device acquires second channel information from the second control frame to acquire a second channel number and a second channel number corresponding to the second communication device, determines a candidate channel according to the first channel number and the first channel number of the first communication device and the second channel number of the first communication device, and establishes a link in the candidate channel. Therefore, the link can be automatically established for the first communication equipment and the second communication equipment in an interactive mode, the maintenance cost is reduced, and the maintenance period is shortened.

Fig. 14 is a flowchart of a communication apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the embodiment shown in fig. 14, the communication apparatus is suitable for a first communication device, where the first communication device includes a plurality of optical modules, the optical modules are used for performing communication connection with a second communication device through optical fibers, and the communication apparatus is a device that uses FPGA to implement multi-channel optical fiber transmission, and specifically includes a second channel information obtaining unit 141, a first channel information obtaining unit 142, a candidate channel determining unit 143, and a link establishing unit 144. The second channel information obtaining unit 141 is configured to, in response to receiving the second control frame sent by the second communication device, obtain the second channel information from the second control frame, where the second channel information includes a second channel number and a second channel number corresponding to the second communication device. The first channel information obtaining unit 142 is configured to determine the first channel information, where the first channel information includes a first channel number and a first channel number corresponding to the first communication device. The candidate channel determining unit 143 is configured to determine a candidate channel according to the first channel number, the second channel number, and the second channel number. The link establishing unit 144 is configured to establish a link in the candidate tunnel.

In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises:

the initialization unit is used for responding to the system power-on and entering an initialization state; and

a control frame sending unit, configured to send a first control frame to a communication device that needs to be connected in the initialization state, where the first control frame includes the first channel information, and the first channel information includes a first channel number and a first channel number corresponding to the first communication device.

In some embodiments, the first channel information obtaining unit is configured to:

acquiring the first channel number and the first channel number which can be used for communication in stored data; or

Automatically detecting the first number of lanes and the first lane number available for communication.

In some embodiments, the candidate channel determination unit is to:

and determining the channel corresponding to the first channel number as a candidate channel in response to the first channel number and the first channel number being consistent with the second channel number and the second channel number.

In some embodiments, the link establishing unit is specifically configured to:

and responding to the frame header alignment of each candidate channel, and establishing a link for each candidate channel.

In some embodiments, the link establishing unit is specifically configured to:

selecting part or all of the candidate channels to establish the link;

wherein the number of established links satisfies a transmission rate of the first communication device and the second communication device.

In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises:

and the first returning unit is used for returning the initialization state in response to the inconsistency between the first channel number and the second channel number or in response to the failure of alignment of the frame header of each candidate channel.

In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises:

and the second returning unit is used for returning to the initialization state in response to the detection of the link failure or high error rate in the communication process.

In the embodiment of the invention, after receiving a second control frame sent by a second communication device, a first communication device acquires second channel information from the second control frame to acquire a second channel number and a second channel number corresponding to the second communication device, determines a candidate channel according to the first channel number and the first channel number of the first communication device and the second channel number of the first communication device, and establishes a link in the candidate channel. Therefore, the link can be automatically established for the first communication equipment and the second communication equipment in an interactive mode, the maintenance cost is reduced, and the maintenance period is shortened.

Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device of an embodiment of the invention. The electronic device shown in fig. 15 is a general-purpose data processing device comprising a general-purpose computer hardware structure including at least a processor 151 and a memory 152. The processor 151 and the memory 152 are connected by a bus 153. The memory 152 is adapted to store instructions or programs executable by the processor 151. Processor 151 may be a stand-alone microprocessor or a collection of one or more microprocessors. Thus, processor 151 implements the processing of data and the control of other devices by executing instructions stored by memory 152 to thereby perform the method flows of embodiments of the present invention as described above. The bus 153 connects the above components together, and also connects the above components to a display controller 154 and a display device and an input/output (I/O) device 155. Input/output (I/O) device 155 may be a mouse, keyboard, modem, network interface, touch input device, motion sensitive input device, printer, and other devices known in the art. Typically, the input/output devices 155 are connected to the system through input/output (I/O) controllers 156.

As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, apparatus (device) or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-readable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.

The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations of methods, apparatus (devices) and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow in the flow diagrams can be implemented by computer program instructions.

These computer program instructions may be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows.

These computer program instructions may also be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not configured to limit the present invention, and various modifications and variations of the present invention may occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method for multi-channel fiber transmission implemented by an FPGA, which is applied to a first communication device, wherein the first communication device includes a plurality of optical modules, and the optical modules are configured to be communicatively connected to a second communication device through an optical fiber, the method comprising:

responding to the system power-on, and entering an initialization state; and

in the initialization state, sending a first control frame to a communication device needing to be connected, where the first control frame includes the first channel information, and the first channel information includes a first channel number and a first channel number corresponding to the first communication device;

responding to a second control frame sent by the second communication equipment, and acquiring second channel information from the second control frame, wherein the second channel information comprises a second channel number and a second channel number corresponding to the second communication equipment;

determining first channel information, wherein the first channel information comprises a first channel number and a first channel number corresponding to the first communication device;

determining candidate channels according to the first channel number, the second channel number and the second channel number; and

establishing a link in the candidate tunnel.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining the first channel information comprises:

acquiring the first channel number and the first channel number which can be used for communication in stored data; or

Automatically detecting the first number of lanes and the first lane number available for communication.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the determining the candidate channel according to the first channel number, the second channel number, and the second channel number specifically comprises:

and determining the channel corresponding to the first channel number as a candidate channel in response to the first channel number and the first channel number being consistent with the second channel number and the second channel number.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the establishing of the link in the candidate tunnel is specifically:

and responding to the frame header alignment of each candidate channel, and establishing a link for each candidate channel.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the establishing the link in the candidate tunnel further comprises:

selecting part or all of the candidate channels to establish the link;

wherein the number of established links satisfies a transmission rate of the first communication device and the second communication device.

6. The method according to claim 4, wherein the frame header alignment of the candidate channels specifically comprises:

and responding to the fact that the transmission delay of the received second control frame in any candidate channel does not exceed a maximum delay compensation limit, and performing delay compensation according to the transmission delay, wherein the maximum delay compensation limit is a set maximum compensation optical fiber length value.

7. The method of claim 4, further comprising:

and returning to an initialization state in response to the inconsistency between the first channel number and the second channel number or in response to the failure of alignment of the frame headers of the candidate channels.

8. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

and in the communication process, in response to the detection of the link failure or high error rate, returning to an initialization state.

9. A communication apparatus for multi-channel fiber transmission implemented by FPGA, which is suitable for a first communication device, the first communication device comprising a plurality of optical modules, the optical modules being configured to perform communication connection with a second communication device through an optical fiber, the communication apparatus comprising:

the initialization unit responds to the system power-on and enters an initialization state; and

a control frame sending unit, configured to send a first control frame to a communication device that needs to be connected in the initialization state, where the first control frame includes the first channel information, and the first channel information includes a first channel number and a first channel number corresponding to the first communication device;

a second channel information obtaining unit, configured to obtain, in response to receiving a second control frame sent by a second communication device, second channel information from the second control frame, where the second channel information includes a second channel number and a second channel number corresponding to the second communication device;

a first channel information obtaining unit, configured to determine first channel information, where the first channel information includes a first channel number and a first channel number that correspond to the first communication device;

a candidate channel determining unit, configured to determine a candidate channel according to the first channel number, the second channel number, and the second channel number; and

and the link establishing unit is used for establishing a link in the candidate channel.

10. An apparatus for multi-channel fiber optic transmission implemented with an FPGA, the apparatus comprising:

a plurality of optical modules configured to be communicatively connected by optical fibers; and

a control module comprising a memory and a processor, the memory for storing one or more computer program instructions, wherein the one or more computer program instructions are executed by the processor to implement the method of any one of claims 1-8.

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