CN115314097A - Method for providing side-chain communication between flight user equipment - Google Patents
Method for providing side-chain communication between flight user equipment Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for providing side-chain communication among flight user equipment, which comprises the following steps: determining a second aircraft with which side-chain communication is possible on the current flight path according to first navigation data of the first aircraft, wherein the navigation data comprises information of at least one of the location, the heading and the speed of the corresponding aircraft; establishing a channel for performing side-chain communication between a flight user device on a first aircraft and a neighbor flight user device on a second aircraft; determining a communication parameter when the flight user equipment performs side-chain communication with a neighbor flight user equipment based on first navigation data of a first aircraft and second navigation data of a second aircraft. According to the method and the device, the side chain communication between the two pieces of flight user equipment establishing the side chain communication is adjusted in an auxiliary mode through the navigation information, so that the quality of the side chain communication established between the pieces of flight user equipment moving at high speed along with the aircraft is guaranteed, and the user experience is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of aircraft communications, in particular to the field of inter-flight direct communications, and more particularly to a method for providing side-chain communications between flying user equipments.
Background
Ordinary user equipment is located on the ground and is relatively dense, and peer-to-peer communication on the ground can be well achieved only by supporting broadcast communication. The flight user equipment is characterized in that: the relative speed, relative distance, relative position between the flight user equipment change rapidly, and the like. This may result in difficulty in securing the communication quality of the sidelink communication for direct communication between the in-flight user equipments.
Disclosure of Invention
It is therefore an object of the present invention to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and to provide a method for providing a side-chain communication between flying user equipments.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
according to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for providing sidechain communication between in-flight user equipments, which may comprise: determining a second aircraft on the current flight path, which can carry out side-chain communication with the first aircraft according to first navigation data of the first aircraft, wherein the navigation data comprises information of at least one of the positioning, the heading and the speed of the corresponding aircraft; establishing a channel for performing side-chain communication between a flight user device on a first aircraft and a neighbor flight user device on a second aircraft; determining a communication parameter when the flight user equipment performs side-chain communication with a neighbor flight user equipment based on first navigation data of a first aircraft and second navigation data of a second aircraft.
In the above method, the determining, based on the first navigation data of the first aircraft and the second navigation data of the second aircraft, the communication parameter when the flight user equipment performs the side-chain communication with the neighbor flight user equipment includes: determining a relative Doppler frequency shift between the flight user equipment and the neighbor flight user equipment according to the first navigation data and the second navigation data; and performing signal compensation on the signals received from the neighbor flight user equipment at the flight user equipment according to the corresponding relative Doppler frequency shift.
In the above method, the determining, based on the first navigation data of the first aircraft and the second navigation data of the second aircraft, the communication parameter when the flight user equipment performs the side-chain communication with the neighbor flight user equipment includes: determining a relative Doppler frequency shift between the flight user equipment and the neighbor flight user equipment according to the first navigation data and the second navigation data; the flying user equipment pre-compensates according to the corresponding relative Doppler frequency shift before sending the sending signal to the neighboring flying user equipment through the side chain.
In the above method, the determining, based on the first navigation data of the first aircraft and the second navigation data of the second aircraft, the communication parameter when the flight user equipment performs the side-chain communication with the neighbor flight user equipment includes: calculating relative flight speeds of the first aircraft and the second aircraft according to the first navigation data and the second navigation data; and determining DMRS patterns corresponding to uplink data or downlink data transmitted between the flight user equipment and the neighbor flight user equipment through a side chain according to the speed intervals of the relative flight speeds in a plurality of preset different relative speed intervals, wherein the different relative speed intervals correspond to the DMRS patterns with different DMRS densities.
The above method may further comprise: when the side-chain communication is established between the flight user equipment and the neighbor flight user equipment, the flight user equipment indicates the DMRS pattern of the side-chain communication semi-statically or dynamically.
In the above method, the determining, based on the first navigation data of the first aircraft and the second navigation data of the second aircraft, the communication parameter when the flight user equipment performs the side-chain communication with the neighbor flight user equipment includes: calculating a relative distance of the first aircraft and the second aircraft according to the first navigation data and the second navigation data; and adjusting the modulation coding strategy of the side-chain communication between the first aircraft and the second aircraft according to the relative distance of the first aircraft and the second aircraft.
In the above method, the adjusting the modulation and coding scheme for sidechain communication between the first aircraft and the second aircraft according to the relative distance between the first aircraft and the second aircraft includes: determining a distance interval in which the relative distance is located from a plurality of preset different distance intervals; and determining a corresponding modulation coding strategy according to the distance interval where the relative distance is located, wherein different distance intervals correspond to modulation coding strategies with different index values.
In the above method, the determining, based on the first navigation data of the first aircraft and the second navigation data of the second aircraft, the communication parameter when the flight user equipment performs the side-chain communication with the neighbor flight user equipment includes: calculating a relative distance of the first aircraft and the second aircraft according to the first navigation data and the second navigation data; and adjusting the signal transmission power of the flying user equipment for sending signals to the neighbor flying user equipment through the side chain according to the relative distance between the first aircraft and the second aircraft.
In the above method, the corresponding signal transmission power is used according to different relative distances.
In the above method, the determining, based on the first navigation data of the first aircraft and the second navigation data of the second aircraft, the communication parameter when the flight user equipment performs the side-chain communication with the neighbor flight user equipment includes: calculating a relative distance of the first aircraft and the second aircraft according to the first navigation data and the second navigation data; and adjusting the time lead of the flying user equipment for sending data to the neighbor flying user equipment through the side chain according to the relative distance between the first aircraft and the second aircraft so that the neighbor flying user equipment receives the data sent by the flying user equipment in the time period of the cyclic prefix.
In the above method, the determining, based on the first navigation data of the first aircraft and the second navigation data of the second aircraft, the communication parameter when the flight user equipment performs the side-chain communication with the neighbor flight user equipment includes: constructing a proper beam for each communication direction in advance in the first aircraft; calculating a relative position of the first aircraft and the second aircraft based on the first navigation data and the second navigation data; the beams corresponding to the communication directions are applied according to the relative positions of the first aircraft and the second aircraft.
The above method may further comprise: obtaining third navigation information of one or more third aircraft; determining other nearby neighbor flight user equipment capable of establishing side-chain communication according to the first navigation information of the first aircraft and the third navigation information of the one or more third aircraft; the method includes establishing a channel for the first aircraft to perform side-chain communication with one of the third aircraft based on first navigation data of the first aircraft and third navigation data of the one or more third aircraft, and determining communication parameters when the flight user device performs side-chain communication with a neighbor flight user device based on the first navigation data of the first aircraft and the third navigation data of the third aircraft.
The above method may further comprise: determining, by the flight user equipment, one or more specific potential connection targets from other neighboring flight user equipment nearby capable of establishing side-chain communication based on the first navigation information and the third navigation information of the one or more third aircraft; only signals from the one or more specific potential connection targets are searched at the flight user equipment.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electronic apparatus comprising: one or more processors; and a memory, wherein the memory is to store one or more executable instructions; the one or more processors are configured to implement the steps of the method of the first aspect via execution of the one or more executable instructions.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
according to the invention, the side chain communication between the two flight user equipment establishing the side chain communication is adjusted by the aid of the navigation information, so that the quality of the side chain communication established between the flight user equipment moving at high speed along with the aircraft is ensured, and the user experience is improved
Drawings
Embodiments of the invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a scenario in which two flight user devices located on different aircraft establish a side-chain communication.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail by embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
First, a description will be given of several technical terms referred to in the present application.
An aircraft is an aircraft that can perform controlled flight in the atmosphere. The type of aircraft is, for example, an aircraft such as a military aircraft, a civil aircraft, an air passenger, a helicopter or a drone.
Flight User Equipment (Flight User Equipment, flight UE, FUE for short) is User Equipment installed on or located on an aircraft.
The ground base station may be a gNB or an FgNB (Flight gNB), or a new type of radio communication base station that will appear in the future. The gNB may provide services for non-flying or regular User Equipment (UE), but may also provide services for flying UE when needed. The FgNB can be configured to exclusively serve, or preferentially serve, flight user equipment.
Flight User Equipment (FUE) is contained in the aircraft. The flight user equipment may be communicatively connected to at least one wireless access point on the aircraft, or may be integrated with a wireless access point on the aircraft. The wireless access point serves individual devices (e.g. display devices, dialog devices on the aircraft) or user equipment (e.g. mobile telephones, smart glasses, laptops or smart watches) on board the aircraft by means of the flight user equipment.
In the present invention, each aircraft will typically have a corresponding flight user equipment FUE installed thereon for communicating with the gNBs or with the flight user equipment FUEs on other aircraft. Therefore, when referring to communication between aircraft, it should be understood that the communication is performed using the flight user equipment FUE of the aircraft; and when referring to the in-flight user equipment FUE for communication, it should be understood to be the in-flight user equipment FUE on an aircraft. In the following description of the present application, "flight user equipment FUE of an aircraft" is not distinguished from "flight user equipment FUE".
The ground cellular network includes a plurality of ground base stations, e.g., next generation nodebs (gNBs), each gNB located on a flight route configured to communicate with flight user equipment over forward and reverse links. As the aircraft flies along the flight path, the flight user equipment may switch from one connected gNB to the next gNB.
Referring to fig. 1, there may be situations when a flight user equipment is in flight with an aircraft where there is no suitable gNB (e.g., too far away, too weak signal) for the flight user equipment to connect directly. To address this issue, the flying user equipment may be connected through a sidechain to a neighbor flying user equipment capable of communicating with the gNB to indirectly connect to the gNB. Assuming that a first aircraft flies away from the coverage area of a ground base station (here, the gNB is taken as an example), the on-board flying user equipment FUE1 can search for neighboring flying user equipment, such as FUE2 on a second aircraft, FUE2 and gNB can be wirelessly connected, FUE1 is connected to FUE2 through a side chain, and further indirectly connected to the gNB through FUE 2. However, since the flying user equipment moves with the aircraft at a much higher speed than the user equipment on the ground (such as a mobile phone, a smart watch, a laptop computer or a smart car), the doppler speed is higher. In order to realize that the flight user equipment and the neighbor flight user equipment can realize effective communication through the side chain, the influence of Doppler velocity on the side chain needs to be considered. For example, in the 4GHz band, the aircraft is moving at 1200km/h with a Doppler shift of approximately 4.4KHz. However, in the 28GHz band, at the same aircraft speed, the Doppler shift is approximately 30.8KHz.
A relatively high doppler velocity may result in a degradation of communication quality. For example, the channel may vary within a symbol of OFDM, which may result in inter-carrier interference (ICI). In addition, the channel may vary from one OFDM symbol to another OFDM symbol, which may result in a loss of channel estimation during data demodulation. In addition, further time-domain filtering is to reduce the channel estimation error, and fast channel variation is not favorable for time-domain filtering, which will degrade the channel estimation quality. In addition, existing Tracking Reference Signal (TRS) designs for the new air interface (i.e., 5G) can only allow doppler shifts within +/-3.75KHz in frequency range 1 (e.g., below 6GHz band) and +/-15KHz in frequency range 2 (e.g., in millimeter wave band).
In order to extend the coverage area of the ground base station, the flight user equipment communicating with the ground base station can be used as a relay node to provide signal coverage for other flight user equipment. For example, the flying user equipment is used as a relay node for extending the coverage of the ground base station under 5G or future communication technology (5G +). In this case, it is important that the flight user equipment can effectively, stably and rapidly communicate with other flight user equipment through the side chain.
In order to realize that the flight user equipment and the neighbor flight user equipment can realize effective communication through the side chain, not only the influence of Doppler velocity is considered, but also Doppler frequency shift is fully compensated. The inventors of the present invention have recognized that navigation data is obtained while the aircraft is in flight. For example, an aircraft will typically be configured to communicate with a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) to obtain navigation data. As another example, an aircraft is configured to communicate with a ground base station to obtain navigation data. In addition, the flight user equipment can obtain navigation data of the flight user equipment from a corresponding aircraft, so that the side chain communication between the two flight user equipment establishing the side chain communication is adjusted in an auxiliary mode through the navigation information, the quality of the side chain communication established between the flight user equipment moving at a high speed along with the aircraft is guaranteed, and the user experience is improved.
Example 1: aviation side chain Doppler precompensation based on navigation data
According to one embodiment of the invention, the invention provides a method for providing sidechain communication between in-flight user equipment, comprising: determining a second aircraft with which side-chain communication is possible on the current flight path according to first navigation data of the first aircraft, wherein the navigation data comprises information of at least one of the location, the heading and the speed of the corresponding aircraft; establishing a channel for performing side-chain communication between a flight user device on a first aircraft and a neighbor flight user device on a second aircraft; determining a communication parameter when the flight user equipment performs side-chain communication with a neighbor flight user equipment based on first navigation data of a first aircraft and second navigation data of a second aircraft.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the determining the communication parameter when the flight user equipment performs the side-chain communication with the neighbor flight user equipment based on the first navigation data of the first aircraft and the second navigation data of the second aircraft includes: determining a relative Doppler frequency shift between the flight user equipment and the neighbor flight user equipment according to the first navigation data and the second navigation data; and performing signal compensation on the signals received from the neighbor flight user equipment at the flight user equipment according to the corresponding relative Doppler frequency shift. Preferably, the determining the communication parameter when the flight user equipment performs the side-chain communication with the neighbor flight user equipment based on the first navigation data of the first aircraft and the second navigation data of the second aircraft includes: determining a relative Doppler frequency shift between the flight user equipment and the neighbor flight user equipment according to the first navigation data and the second navigation data; the flight user equipment pre-compensates according to the corresponding relative Doppler frequency shift before sending the sending signal to the neighbor flight user equipment through the side chain.
The signal compensation may be performed at the time of signal transmission (pre-compensation), at the time of signal reception, or at the time of both transmission and reception.
According to one embodiment of the invention, with respect to the received signal (Rx) of the flying user equipment, the flying user equipment is configured to receive signals (received signals from neighboring flying user equipment) according to a relative doppler shift step, and then to continue processing the compensated received signal Rx according to known signal processing means. Due to the relative doppler shift, the signal received at the in-flight user equipment can be modeled as:
y(t)＝x(t)e j2π(Δft) +n(t),
where t denotes time, j denotes the imaginary unit of the complex number, x (t) denotes the transmitted signal of the neighbor flying user equipment, Δ f is the relative doppler shift of the flying user equipment and the neighbor flying user equipment, and n (t) denotes noise.
Thus, to reduce doppler effects, the in-flight UE may compensate the received signal to:
y(t)’＝y(t)e -j2π(Δft)
according to another embodiment of the invention, with respect to the transmitted signal (Tx) of the in-flight user equipment, the in-flight user equipment is configured to compensate the transmitted signal according to a relative Doppler shift ("DS-Tx") and then continue processing other portions of the transmitted signal in accordance with known signal processing methods. Similar to the above, if the signals transmitted by the in-flight user device are not compensated, the signals transmitted from the in-flight user device received at the neighbor in-flight user device can also be modeled as:
Y(t)＝X(t)e j2π(Δft) +n(t)；
where t denotes time, j denotes the imaginary unit of the complex number, X (t) denotes the transmitted signal of the in-flight user equipment, Δ f is the relative doppler shift of the in-flight user equipment and the neighbor in-flight user equipment, and n (t) denotes noise.
Thus, to reduce the doppler effect, the flying user equipment may pre-compensate the transmitted signal to:
X(t)’＝X(t)e -j2π(Δft) 。
after the flight user equipment compensates the received signal or the transmitted signal, the influence of the relative Doppler shift on the side chain communication can be eliminated or reduced.
As can be seen from the above compensation method, the compensation of the signal according to the relative doppler shift may occur on the side of transmitting the signal, on the side of receiving the signal, or may be partially compensated on both the transmitting side and the receiving side. To ensure the orderly operation of the side-chain communication, the following optional embodiments can be provided:
according to an alternative embodiment, in two flying user equipments in side-chain communication with each other, only the signal receiving side performs signal compensation on the received signal according to the corresponding relative doppler shift, and the signal transmitting side does not perform compensation on the signal transmitted by the signal transmitting side.
According to another alternative embodiment, in two flight user equipments in side-chain communication with each other, the signals transmitted by the signal transmitting side are pre-compensated only according to the corresponding relative doppler shift, and the received signals are not signal-compensated by the signal receiving side.
According to still another alternative embodiment, in two flight user equipments in side-chain communication with each other, one of the two flight user equipments is selected to pre-compensate its transmitted signal according to the corresponding relative doppler shift and to signal compensate its received signal according to the corresponding relative doppler shift, and the other flight user equipment is not compensated for its transmitted and received signals.
Further, compensating the signal based on the relative doppler shift may occur simultaneously on the side transmitting the signal and on the side receiving the signal.
According to an alternative embodiment, in two pieces of flight user equipment in side-chain communication with each other, one of the two pieces of flight user equipment determines or negotiates to determine a compensation ratio, and the two pieces of flight user equipment partially compensate the transmitted signal or the received signal according to the compensation ratio. When the compensation ratio of one of the signals to the other is 3:7, one of the signals compensates for 30% of the doppler shift in the transmitted signal or the received signal, and the other of the signals compensates for 70% of the doppler shift in the transmitted signal or the received signal. Preferably, the compensation ratio may be 1:1. Therefore, the signal compensation processes of the two sides are balanced, the influence of excessive compensation on communication of one side is avoided, and the communication quality is improved.
No matter which optional implementation manner is adopted, the problem of relative doppler shift in the side chain communication established between the two flight user devices based on the fifth generation communication technology (5G) or the future wireless communication technology (5G +) can be solved, the communication quality of the side chain between the two flight user devices is guaranteed, and the user experience is improved.
Example 2: DMRS configuration of communication aviation side chain based on navigation data
According to one embodiment of the invention, in a system based on 5G communication, a demodulation reference signal is an important part of system design. Demodulation reference signals (DMRS) are used for uplink and downlink data demodulation. The traditional uplink and downlink data occurs between the ground base station and the user equipment, and the data transmitted from the user equipment to the ground base station is uplink data, otherwise, the data is downlink data. In the side-chain communication established between two flight user equipments, the flight user equipment at the near end (the connection hop count from the ground base station is relatively small, such as FUE2 in fig. 1) serves as a relay node to provide extended signal coverage for the flight user equipment at the far end (the flight user equipment with the connection hop count from the ground base station is relatively large, such as FUE1 in fig. 1). Therefore, data transmitted from the far-end air user equipment to the near-end air user equipment is regarded as uplink data, and the data is regarded as downlink data. As shown in fig. 1, the data transmitted by FUE1 to FUE2 is uplink data, and the data transmitted by FUE2 to FUE1 is downlink data. In the existing 5G communication system, the gNB has a fixed location, and only needs to measure the speed of the user equipment (for example, speed measurement is performed on the user equipment through a ground base station, or speed measurement is performed according to a sensor in the user equipment itself), and then the DMRS density is selected according to the speed of the user equipment. However, both the flight user equipments establishing the side-chain communication are in a moving state, and the DMRS density determined only according to the velocity of the remote flight user equipment may result in poor quality of the communication link. In order to ensure the quality of the side-chain communication, the flight user equipment can indicate the DMRS pattern of the side-chain communication between the flight user equipment and the neighbor flight user equipment according to the relative flight speeds of the flight user equipment and the neighbor flight user equipment. Preferably, the determining the communication parameters when the flight user equipment performs the side-chain communication with the neighbor flight user equipment based on the first navigation data of the first aircraft and the second navigation data of the second aircraft comprises: calculating relative flight speeds of the first aircraft and the second aircraft according to the first navigation data and the second navigation data; and determining DMRS patterns corresponding to uplink data or downlink data transmitted between the flight user equipment and the neighbor flight user equipment through a side chain according to the relative speed interval of the relative flight speed in a plurality of preset different speed intervals, wherein the different relative speed intervals correspond to the DMRS patterns with different DMRS densities. According to the method, different DMRS densities are matched according to different relative speed intervals where the relative speeds of the two pieces of flight user equipment with the side chains built are located, so that the quality of side chain communication between the two pieces of flight user equipment flying at high speed can be better guaranteed. Particularly preferably, the determining the communication parameter when the flight user equipment performs the side-chain communication with the neighbor flight user equipment based on the first navigation data of the first aircraft and the second navigation data of the second aircraft includes: calculating relative flight speeds of the first aircraft and the second aircraft according to the first navigation data and the second navigation data; determining a relative speed interval in which the relative flying speed is located from a plurality of preset different speed intervals; and determining DMRS patterns corresponding to uplink data or downlink data transmitted between the flight user equipment and the neighbor flight user equipment through a side chain according to the speed interval of the relative flight speed, wherein the relative speed interval from low to high sequentially corresponds to the DMRS patterns with the DMRS density from low to high. The technical scheme of the embodiment can at least realize the following beneficial technical effects: according to the method, the relative flight speed of the two pieces of flight user equipment establishing side chain communication is calculated according to the GNSS, and the corresponding DMRS pattern is selected according to the relative flight speed, so that the quality of side chain communication between the two pieces of flight user equipment flying at high speed is guaranteed, and the user experience is improved; in addition, in order to better solve the influence of the relative speed on the communication quality, the relative speed intervals from low to high sequentially correspond to the DMRS patterns with the DMRS densities from low to high, and the higher the relative speed is, the denser the DMRS densities of the DMRS patterns selected for communication are, the easier the demodulation is, and the better the communication quality is guaranteed.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, optionally, the method further includes: when side-chain communication is established between the flying user equipment and the neighbor flying user equipment, the flying user equipment indicates the DMRS pattern of the side-chain communication semi-statically. The DMRS pattern of semi-static indication side-chain communication refers to that DMRS configuration in a certain period is configured in advance and dynamically indicates. Optionally, the method further includes: when side-chain communication is established between the flying user equipment and the neighbor flying user equipment, the flying user equipment dynamically indicates the DMRS pattern of the side-chain communication. Preferably, the control channel may be utilized to dynamically indicate DMRS patterns for sidechain communication between the in-flight user equipment and the neighbor in-flight user equipment. For example, control information through an L1 channel or an L2 channel. The technical scheme of the embodiment can at least realize the following beneficial technical effects: the DMRS pattern for semi-statically indicating the side-chain communication can reduce signaling overhead, and the DMRS pattern for dynamically indicating the side-chain communication can quickly adjust the DMRS pattern according to the relative flying speed which can be changed quickly, so that the communication quality of the side-chain communication established between the flying user equipment and the neighbor flying user equipment, which can cause the quick change of the relative speed due to high-speed flying, is guaranteed.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the method further comprises: the method comprises the steps that a preset relative speed threshold value is configured on the flight user equipment, when the relative flying speed between the flight user equipment and the neighbor flight user equipment establishing side-chain communication with the flight user equipment is smaller than or equal to the relative speed threshold value, the flight user equipment indicates the DMRS pattern of the current side-chain communication semi-statically, and otherwise, the flight user equipment dynamically indicates the DMRS pattern of the current side-chain communication. The technical scheme of the embodiment can at least realize the following beneficial technical effects: and when the relative speed does not exceed the relative speed threshold, semi-statically indicating the DMRS pattern, reducing the DMRS overhead and ensuring the transmission efficiency, otherwise, dynamically indicating the DMRS pattern, reducing the transmission efficiency and ensuring the communication quality.
Example 3: aviation side chain modulation coding strategy and beam self-adaption adjustment based on navigation data
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the determining the communication parameter when the flight user equipment performs the side-chain communication with the neighbor flight user equipment based on the first navigation data of the first aircraft and the second navigation data of the second aircraft includes: calculating a relative distance of the first aircraft and the second aircraft according to the first navigation data and the second navigation data; and adjusting the modulation coding strategy of the side-chain communication between the flight user equipment and the neighbor flight user equipment according to the relative distance between the first aircraft and the second aircraft. Preferably, the adjusting the modulation and coding strategy for the side-chain communication between the first aircraft and the second aircraft according to the relative distance between the first aircraft and the second aircraft includes: determining the relative distance from a plurality of preset different distance intervalsThe distance interval of (2); and determining a corresponding modulation coding strategy according to the distance interval where the relative distance is located, wherein different distance intervals correspond to modulation coding strategies with different index values. The index value is I MCS (Modulation and Coding Scheme Index), a larger Index value means a larger code Rate (Coding Rate) of the corresponding Modulation and Coding Scheme strategy. According to the modulation coding strategies corresponding to different index values in different distance intervals, the communication quality of the two flight user equipment for performing side-chain communication under different distances can be improved. Preferably, the adjusting the modulation and coding strategy for the side-chain communication between the first aircraft and the second aircraft according to the relative distance between the first aircraft and the second aircraft includes: determining a distance interval in which the relative distance is located from a plurality of preset different distance intervals; and determining a corresponding modulation coding strategy according to the distance interval where the relative distance is located, wherein the distance intervals from near to far sequentially correspond to the modulation coding strategies with the index values from high to low.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, it is necessary to adjust the signal transmission power according to the relative distance, since the farther the relative distance, the more the signal is attenuated. Preferably, the determining the communication parameter when the flight user equipment performs the side-chain communication with the neighbor flight user equipment based on the first navigation data of the first aircraft and the second navigation data of the second aircraft includes: calculating a relative distance of the first aircraft and the second aircraft according to the first navigation data and the second navigation data; and adjusting the signal transmission power of the flight user equipment for transmitting signals to the neighbor flight user equipment through the side chain according to the relative distance between the first aircraft and the second aircraft. Preferably, the respective signal transmission powers are used according to the different relative distances. Preferably, a greater relative distance employs a higher signal transmission power. The technical scheme of the embodiment can at least realize the following beneficial technical effects: the relative distance between two pieces of flight user equipment establishing side chain communication can be determined in an auxiliary mode according to the navigation information of the GNSS, so that the side chain communication adopts higher signal transmitting power when the relative distance between the two pieces of flight user equipment is longer, and the quality of the side chain communication is guaranteed.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, since different beams have different coverage areas, the relative position between two in-flight user equipments establishing side-chain communication changes rapidly, which may result in missed communication opportunities if the beams of the corresponding communication directions are not constructed in advance. Preferably, the determining the communication parameter when the flight user equipment performs the side-chain communication with the neighbor flight user equipment based on the first navigation data of the first aircraft and the second navigation data of the second aircraft includes: constructing a proper beam for each communication direction in advance in the first aircraft; calculating a relative position of the first aircraft and the second aircraft based on the first navigation data and the second navigation data; the beams corresponding to the communication directions are applied according to the relative positions of the first aircraft and the second aircraft.
Ideally, an aircraft would have only one channel on the flight path, according to one embodiment of the invention. However, if there are reflections from tall buildings, mountains or lake surfaces on the route, there will be multiple channels, and in order to reduce interference between transmitted information, the channel on which the signal is transmitted can be adjusted by estimating the channel matrix to reduce the interference. Preferably, the determining the communication parameter when the flight user equipment performs the side-chain communication with the neighbor flight user equipment based on the first navigation data of the first aircraft and the second navigation data of the second aircraft includes: the method includes determining a position of a first aircraft and a position of a second aircraft based on first navigation data of the first aircraft and second navigation data of the second aircraft, determining a reflection position of a signal based on the positions of the first aircraft and the second aircraft and a course to estimate a channel matrix, and determining one or more channels of a transmitted signal based on a rank and power allocation algorithm of the estimated channel matrix. The rank of the channel matrix is the maximum number of orthogonal channels that can be supported. The number of data streams actually transmitted by MIMO is the so-called MIMO spatial layer number. When multiple antennas are used to transmit multiple codewords, the number of MIMO spatial layers that can be simultaneously transmitted needs to be determined according to the rank. Rank is the number of layers available. The larger the rank, the more layers are available. And the transmitting end determines which orthogonal channels to upload data according to a power allocation algorithm. Thus, interference between transmission information can be reduced, reception accuracy can be increased, and capacity can be increased.
Example 4: timing estimation of transmit signals of an airborne sidechain based on navigation data
According to an embodiment of the present invention, since the relative distance between two in-flight user equipments establishing the side-chain communication may be large, data transmitted from the transmitting end cannot arrive at the receiving end at a desired time, thereby causing the data to be decoded improperly. Therefore, based on the navigation information of the GNSS, the in-flight user equipment can adjust the timing information (adjust the timing advance) of the data transmitted by its neighbor in-flight user equipment according to its relative distance to the neighbor in-flight user equipment to solve this problem. Preferably, the determining the communication parameter when the flight user equipment performs the sidechain communication with the neighbor flight user equipment based on the first navigation data of the first aircraft and the second navigation data of the second aircraft includes: calculating a relative distance of the first aircraft and the second aircraft according to the first navigation data and the second navigation data; and adjusting the time advance of the data sent by the flying user equipment to the neighbor flying user equipment through the side chain according to the relative distance between the first aircraft and the second aircraft so that the neighbor flying user equipment receives the data sent by the flying user equipment in the time period of the cyclic prefix. The technical scheme of the embodiment can at least realize the following beneficial technical effects: the larger the distance between two pieces of flight user equipment for establishing side-chain communication is, the larger the required time lead is, the method predicts the distance according to the navigation information of the GNSS and then adjusts the time lead so that a receiving end receives data sent by a sending end in a Cyclic Prefix (CP) period range, and further the data can be correctly decoded.
Example 5: search and selection of potential connection targets for aviation sidechains based on navigation data
According to one embodiment of the invention, when the flight user equipment of the first aircraft establishes the side-chain communication with the neighbor flight user equipment on the second aircraft, along with the change of the communication conditions, other neighbor flight user equipment which can be used for side-chain communication and is located on the third aircraft and appears on the periphery can be determined according to the navigation information. Preferably, the method further comprises: obtaining third navigation information for one or more third aircraft; determining other nearby neighbor flight user equipment capable of establishing side-chain communication with the flight user equipment of the first aircraft according to the first navigation information of the first aircraft and the third navigation information of the one or more third aircraft; and establishing a channel for the first aircraft to carry out side-chain communication with one of the third aircrafts based on the first navigation data of the first aircraft and the third navigation data of the one or more third aircrafts, and disconnecting the communication channel with the original second aircraft. Determining a communication parameter when the flight user equipment performs side-chain communication with a neighbor flight user equipment based on the first navigation data of the first aircraft and the third navigation data of the third aircraft. Wherein the third aircraft that established the side chain with the first aircraft is the new second aircraft. The first aircraft and the new second aircraft can communicate by adopting the method disclosed by the embodiment.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the method further comprises: determining, by the flight user equipment, one or more specific potential connection targets from other neighboring flight user equipment nearby capable of establishing side-chain communication based on the first navigation information and the third navigation information of the one or more third aircraft; only signals from the one or more specific potential connection targets are searched at the flying user equipment. For example, suppose that 5 pieces of flight user equipment are available for connection in the flight user equipment accessory, but the flight user equipment selects 2 pieces of flight user equipment as specific potential connection targets according to the relative distance and/or the connection hop count of other neighbor user equipment from the ground base station (the closer the relative distance is, the more preferable the connection hop count is), and searches for only signals from the 2 specific potential connection targets during searching, so that the searching efficiency is improved, the flight user equipment can be connected to the specific potential connection targets more quickly and efficiently, and the energy is saved.
It should be noted that, although the steps are described in a specific order, the steps are not necessarily performed in the specific order, and in fact, some of the steps may be performed concurrently or even in a changed order as long as the required functions are achieved.
The present invention may be a system, method and/or computer program product. The computer program product may include a computer-readable storage medium having computer-readable program instructions embodied therewith for causing a processor to implement various aspects of the present invention.
The computer readable storage medium may be a tangible device that retains and stores instructions for use by an instruction execution device. The computer readable storage medium may include, for example, but is not limited to, an electronic memory device, a magnetic memory device, an optical memory device, an electromagnetic memory device, a semiconductor memory device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer readable storage medium would include the following: a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), a Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), a Digital Versatile Disc (DVD), a memory stick, a floppy disk, a mechanical coding device, such as punch cards or in-groove projection structures having instructions stored thereon, and any suitable combination of the foregoing.
Having described embodiments of the present invention, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen in order to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application, or improvements made to the technology in the marketplace, or to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.
Claims (15)
1. A method for providing sidelink communications between in-flight user devices, comprising:
determining a second aircraft with which side-chain communication is possible on the current flight path according to first navigation data of the first aircraft, wherein the navigation data comprises information of at least one of the location, the heading and the speed of the corresponding aircraft;
establishing a channel for performing side-chain communication between a flight user device on a first aircraft and a neighbor flight user device on a second aircraft;
determining a communication parameter when the flight user equipment performs side-chain communication with a neighbor flight user equipment based on first navigation data of a first aircraft and second navigation data of a second aircraft.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the communication parameters for the flight-user device in the sidechain communication with a neighbor flight-user device based on first navigation data of a first aircraft and second navigation data of a second aircraft comprises:
determining a relative Doppler frequency shift between the flight user equipment and the neighbor flight user equipment according to the first navigation data and the second navigation data;
and performing signal compensation on the signals received from the neighbor flight user equipment at the flight user equipment according to the corresponding relative Doppler frequency shift.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the communication parameters for the flight-user device in the sidechain communication with a neighbor flight-user device based on first navigation data of a first aircraft and second navigation data of a second aircraft comprises:
determining a relative Doppler frequency shift between the flight user equipment and the neighbor flight user equipment according to the first navigation data and the second navigation data;
the flight user equipment pre-compensates according to the corresponding relative Doppler frequency shift before sending the sending signal to the neighbor flight user equipment through the side chain.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the communication parameters for the flight user device in sidechain communication with a neighbor flight user device based on first navigation data for a first aircraft and second navigation data for a second aircraft comprises:
calculating relative flight speeds of the first aircraft and the second aircraft according to the first navigation data and the second navigation data;
and determining DMRS patterns corresponding to uplink data or downlink data transmitted between the flight user equipment and the neighbor flight user equipment through a side chain according to the speed intervals of the relative flight speeds in a plurality of preset different relative speed intervals, wherein the different relative speed intervals correspond to the DMRS patterns with different DMRS densities.
5. The method of claim 4, further comprising:
when the side-chain communication is established between the flight user equipment and the neighbor flight user equipment, the flight user equipment indicates the DMRS pattern of the side-chain communication semi-statically or dynamically.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the communication parameters for the flight user device in sidechain communication with a neighbor flight user device based on first navigation data for a first aircraft and second navigation data for a second aircraft comprises:
calculating a relative distance of the first aircraft and the second aircraft according to the first navigation data and the second navigation data;
and adjusting the modulation coding strategy of the side-chain communication between the first aircraft and the second aircraft according to the relative distance of the first aircraft and the second aircraft.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the adjusting the modulation coding strategy for side-chain communication between the first aircraft and the second aircraft as a function of the relative distance of the first aircraft and the second aircraft comprises:
determining a distance interval in which the relative distance is located from a plurality of preset different distance intervals;
and determining a corresponding modulation coding strategy according to the distance interval where the relative distance is located, wherein different distance intervals correspond to modulation coding strategies with different index values.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the communication parameters for the flight-user device in the sidechain communication with a neighbor flight-user device based on first navigation data of a first aircraft and second navigation data of a second aircraft comprises:
calculating a relative distance of the first aircraft and the second aircraft according to the first navigation data and the second navigation data;
and adjusting the signal transmission power of the flight user equipment for transmitting signals to the neighbor flight user equipment through the side chain according to the relative distance between the first aircraft and the second aircraft.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the respective signal transmission powers are used according to different relative distances.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the communication parameters for the flight-user device in the sidechain communication with a neighbor flight-user device based on first navigation data of a first aircraft and second navigation data of a second aircraft comprises:
calculating a relative distance of the first aircraft and the second aircraft according to the first navigation data and the second navigation data;
and adjusting the time lead of the flying user equipment for sending data to the neighbor flying user equipment through the side chain according to the relative distance between the first aircraft and the second aircraft so that the neighbor flying user equipment receives the data sent by the flying user equipment in the time period of the cyclic prefix.
11. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the communication parameters for the flight-user device in the sidechain communication with a neighbor flight-user device based on first navigation data of a first aircraft and second navigation data of a second aircraft comprises:
constructing a proper beam for each communication direction in advance in the first aircraft;
calculating a relative position of the first aircraft and the second aircraft based on the first navigation data and the second navigation data;
the beams corresponding to the communication directions are applied according to the relative positions of the first aircraft and the second aircraft.
12. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
obtaining third navigation information for one or more third aircraft;
determining other nearby neighbor flight user equipment capable of establishing side-chain communication according to the first navigation information of the first aircraft and the third navigation information of the one or more third aircraft;
the method includes establishing a channel for the first aircraft to perform side-chain communication with one of the third aircraft based on first navigation data of the first aircraft and third navigation data of the one or more third aircraft, and determining communication parameters when the flight user device performs side-chain communication with a neighbor flight user device based on the first navigation data of the first aircraft and the third navigation data of the third aircraft.
13. The method of claim 12, further comprising:
determining, by the flight user equipment, one or more specific potential connection targets from other neighboring flight user equipment nearby capable of establishing side-chain communication based on the first navigation information and the third navigation information of the one or more third aircraft;
only signals from the one or more specific potential connection targets are searched at the flight user equipment.
14. A computer-readable storage medium, having embodied thereon a computer program, the computer program being executable by a processor to perform the steps of the method of any one of claims 1 to 13.
15. An electronic device, comprising:
one or more processors; and
a memory, wherein the memory is to store one or more executable instructions;
the one or more processors are configured to implement the steps of the method of any one of claims 1-13 via execution of the one or more executable instructions.
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