CN115312330A - Super capacitor electrolyte and super capacitor using same - Google Patents

Super capacitor electrolyte and super capacitor using same Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115312330A
CN115312330A CN202211244854.5A CN202211244854A CN115312330A CN 115312330 A CN115312330 A CN 115312330A CN 202211244854 A CN202211244854 A CN 202211244854A CN 115312330 A CN115312330 A CN 115312330A
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electrolyte
super capacitor
supercapacitor
quaternary ammonium
maleate
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CN115312330B (en
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高冬
黄顺
伍广田
熊鲲
张健
孙建
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Jiangsu Guotai Super Power New Materials Co ltd
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Jiangsu Guotai Super Power New Materials Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/54—Electrolytes
    • H01G11/58—Liquid electrolytes
    • H01G11/62—Liquid electrolytes characterised by the solute, e.g. salts, anions or cations therein
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/54—Electrolytes
    • H01G11/58—Liquid electrolytes
    • H01G11/60—Liquid electrolytes characterised by the solvent
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors

Abstract

The invention relates to a super capacitor electrolyte and a super capacitor using the electrolyte. In order to solve the problems of large self-heating value, poor high-temperature performance and the like of the conventional super capacitor electrolyte, the invention provides the super capacitor electrolyte which comprises an organic solvent and electrolyte salt, wherein the electrolyte salt comprises quaternary ammonium tetrafluoroborate and quaternary ammonium maleate, and the molar concentration ratio of the quaternary ammonium tetrafluoroborate to the quaternary ammonium maleate in the electrolyte is (0.08 to 0.7). The super capacitor electrolyte can improve the initial discharge capacity of the super capacitor to a certain extent; the super capacitor electrolyte can enable the super capacitor to work normally under a high-temperature condition, has a high capacity retention rate, and widens the application of the super capacitor electrolyte in the aspect of high temperature.

Description

Super capacitor electrolyte and super capacitor using same
Technical Field
The invention relates to a super capacitor electrolyte and a super capacitor using the electrolyte.
Background
Along with the development of social economy, people pay more and more attention to green energy and ecological environment, and the super capacitor is regarded by the attention of vast researchers as a novel energy storage device due to the irreplaceable superiority. The electrode of the double electric layer capacitor is an active carbon porous electrode, and has the advantages of high power density, no energy form conversion, high response speed, high charge-discharge time, long cycle service life, no need of maintenance, high reliability and the like.
Researches show that when the super capacitor works in a high-temperature environment (60-85 ℃), the capacity retention rate is obviously reduced, and even the super capacitor cannot work normally. The service life of the super capacitor is inversely proportional to the temperature, and the service life is shortened by half every 10 ℃ rise of the temperature. The temperature influence mainly comprises the temperature influence of the use environment and the heat influence generated by the super capacitor during the use process. When the super capacitor is used as an electronic element in the charging and discharging processes, when current flows through the super capacitor, power (energy) loss generated by direct current internal resistance (ESR) can be converted into heat energy, so that the self-heating value of the super capacitor in the using process can be effectively reduced by reducing the increase rate of the direct current internal resistance.
Therefore, the development of a supercapacitor electrolyte with better high-temperature performance is very necessary for the development of the supercapacitor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an electrolyte capable of improving the high-temperature performance of a super capacitor.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a super capacitor electrolyte comprises an organic solvent and an electrolyte salt, wherein the electrolyte salt comprises a quaternary ammonium tetrafluoroborate and a quaternary ammonium maleate, and the molar concentration ratio of the quaternary ammonium tetrafluoroborate to the quaternary ammonium maleate in the electrolyte is 1 (0.08 to 0.7), such as 1.
Preferably, the electrolyte salt consists of quaternary ammonium tetrafluoroborate and quaternary ammonium maleate.
Preferably, the quaternary ammonium tetrafluoroborate is tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate.
Preferably, the quaternary ammonium maleate is tetraethylammonium maleate and/or triethylmethylammonium maleate.
Preferably, the molar concentration of the electrolyte salt in the supercapacitor electrolyte is 0.6-2.0 mol/L, such as 0.6mol/L, 0.7mol/L, 0.8mol/L, 0.9mol/L, 1.0mol/L, 1.1mol/L, 1.2mol/L, 1.3mol/L, 1.4mol/L, 1.5mol/L, 1.6mol/L, 1.7mol/L, 1.8mol/L, 1.9mol/L, 2.0mol/L.
Preferably, the molar concentration of the quaternary ammonium tetrafluoroborate in the supercapacitor electrolyte is 0.5 mol/L-1.8 mol/L, such as 0.5mol/L, 0.6mol/L, 0.7mol/L, 0.8mol/L, 0.9mol/L, 1.0mol/L, 1.1mol/L, 1.2mol/L, 1.3mol/L, 1.4mol/L, 1.5mol/L, 1.6mol/L, 1.7mol/L and 1.8mol/L.
Preferably, the molar concentration of the quaternary ammonium maleate salt in the supercapacitor electrolyte is 0.1 mol/L-0.8 mol/L, such as 0.1mol/L, 0.2mol/L, 0.3mol/L, 0.4mol/L, 0.5mol/L, 0.6mol/L, 0.7mol/L, 0.8mol/L.
Preferably, the organic solvent is one or more of acetonitrile, propylene carbonate and sulfolane.
Further preferably, the organic solvent is acetonitrile, ethylene carbonate, a combination of acetonitrile and sulfolane or a combination of ethylene carbonate and sulfolane.
Still more preferably, the mass ratio of acetonitrile to sulfolane is (1~5): 1.
Still more preferably, the mass ratio of ethylene carbonate to sulfolane is (1~5): 1.
The invention also provides a super capacitor, which comprises the super capacitor electrolyte.
Preferably, the super capacitor is an electric double layer super capacitor, and the electrode of the super capacitor is an activated carbon porous electrode.
Due to the application of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
according to the invention, the electrolyte of the super capacitor is prepared by using the mixed electrolyte salt formed by compounding the quaternary ammonium tetrafluoroborate and the quaternary ammonium maleate and the organic solvent, the electrolyte and the super capacitor have better compatibility, and the initial discharge capacity of the super capacitor is improved to a certain extent; the electrolyte can enable the super capacitor to work normally under the high-temperature condition, has higher capacity retention rate, and widens the application of the electrolyte of the super capacitor in the high-temperature aspect.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples. The implementation conditions adopted in the embodiments can be further adjusted according to different requirements of specific use, and the implementation conditions not mentioned are conventional conditions in the industry.
In order to solve the problems of large self-heating value, poor high-temperature performance and the like of the conventional super capacitor electrolyte, the inventor carries out a great deal of research and experimental verification, finds that the high-temperature performance of the electrolyte can be improved by compounding the quaternary ammonium tetrafluoroborate and the quaternary ammonium maleate, and finally provides the electrolyte capable of improving the high-temperature performance of the super capacitor.
According to the invention, the electrolyte of the super capacitor comprises an organic solvent and electrolyte salt, wherein the electrolyte salt comprises quaternary ammonium tetrafluoroborate and quaternary ammonium maleate, and the molar concentration ratio of the quaternary ammonium tetrafluoroborate to the quaternary ammonium maleate in the electrolyte is 1 (0.08 to 0.7).
Preferably, the electrolyte salt is composed of quaternary ammonium tetrafluoroborate and quaternary ammonium maleate.
Preferably, the organic solvent is one or more of acetonitrile, propylene carbonate and sulfolane.
More preferably, the organic solvent is acetonitrile or propylene carbonate.
Simple electrolyte components can reduce the repulsion between the components, thereby reducing the influence of the components on the performance of the super capacitor and further widening the application of the electrolyte in the aspect of high temperature.
According to some embodiments, the quaternary ammonium tetrafluoroborate salt is tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate; the quaternary ammonium maleate is tetraethylammonium maleate or triethyl methyl maleate.
The molar concentration of the electrolyte salt in the electrolyte is 0.6-2.0 mol/L, and more preferably 0.85-1.7 mol/L.
The molar concentration of the quaternary ammonium tetrafluoroborate in the electrolyte is 0.5-1.8 mol/L, and more preferably 0.7-1.5 mol/L.
The molar concentration of the quaternary ammonium maleate in the electrolyte is 0.1-0.8 mol/L, and more preferably 0.15-0.6 mol/L.
The electrolyte of the super capacitor is used in a double electric layer capacitor, the double electric layer capacitor is a symmetrical super capacitor, and two electrodes are both activated carbon porous electrodes.
In the invention, the structural formula of the tetraethyl ammonium tetrafluoroborate is as follows:
Figure 85644DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(ii) a The structural formula of tetraethylammonium maleate is:
Figure 799522DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
(ii) a The structural formula of the triethyl methyl maleate is as follows:
Figure 110418DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
。
the technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the following examples and comparative examples.
The super capacitor used in the following examples and comparative examples was a cylindrical super capacitor (cylindrical, diameter 1.5cm, height 3.0 cm), in which the super capacitor electrode material was composed of activated carbon, acetylene black, and a binder in a mass ratio of 8, thickness 300 μm, and the super capacitor electrode was manufactured by coating the activated carbon material on an aluminum foil by a film rolling process, and designed to have a capacity of 25F. The activated carbon is purchased from Nippon Coly corporation, model number YP-50F; acetylene black is purchased from Shenzhen, kezhida science and technology Limited, model number EQ-Lib-AB; the adhesive is PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) which is purchased from Shenzhen, science and technology Limited of Jingzhida, and has the model number EQ-Lib-PTFE.
The specific preparation method of the electrolyte of the super capacitor comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: dehydrating the organic solvent with 3A molecular sieve to a moisture content of less than 10ppm, and vacuum drying the electrolyte salt to a moisture content of less than 50ppm.
Step two: in a glove box containing water and oxygen at a level of less than 2ppm (dew point-70 ℃), an electrolyte solution was prepared from an electrolyte salt and an organic solvent in a volumetric flask according to the concentration requirements of the examples and comparative examples.
Step three: and uniformly stirring the electrolyte to obtain the final electrolyte of the super capacitor.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a supercapacitor electrolyte, which takes acetonitrile as an organic solvent, tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate and tetraethylammonium maleate as electrolyte salts, and the concentration of the tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate and the tetraethylammonium maleate in the final electrolyte is 0.8mol/L and 0.55mol/L.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a supercapacitor electrolyte, which takes acetonitrile as an organic solvent, tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate and triethylmethylammonium maleate as electrolyte salts, and the concentration of the tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate and the triethylmethylammonium maleate in the final electrolyte is 0.8mol/L and 0.55mol/L.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a supercapacitor electrolyte, which uses propylene carbonate as an organic solvent, uses tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate and tetraethylammonium maleate as electrolyte salts, and finally has a concentration of tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate of 1mol/L and a concentration of tetraethylammonium maleate of 0.1mol/L.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a supercapacitor electrolyte, which is prepared by taking propylene carbonate as an organic solvent, taking tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate and triethylmethylammonium maleate as electrolyte salts, wherein the concentration of the tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate in the final electrolyte is 1mol/L, and the concentration of the triethylmethylammonium maleate is 0.1mol/L.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a supercapacitor electrolyte, which takes acetonitrile as an organic solvent, and tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate and tetraethylammonium maleate as electrolyte salts, wherein the concentration of the tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate in the final electrolyte is 1mol/L, and the concentration of the tetraethylammonium maleate is 0.4mol/L.
Example 6
The embodiment provides a supercapacitor electrolyte, which takes acetonitrile as an organic solvent, and tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate and triethylmethylammonium maleate as electrolyte salts, and the concentration of tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate and triethylmethylammonium maleate in the final electrolyte is 1mol/L and 0.4mol/L.
Example 7
The embodiment provides a supercapacitor electrolyte, which takes acetonitrile as an organic solvent, and tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate and tetraethylammonium maleate as electrolyte salts, wherein the concentration of the tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate in the final electrolyte is 1.2mol/L, and the concentration of the tetraethylammonium maleate is 0.3mol/L.
Example 8
The embodiment provides a supercapacitor electrolyte, which takes acetonitrile as an organic solvent, and tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate and triethylmethylammonium maleate as electrolyte salts, and the concentration of tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate and triethylmethylammonium maleate in the final electrolyte is 1.2mol/L and 0.3mol/L.
Example 9
The embodiment provides a supercapacitor electrolyte, which takes acetonitrile as an organic solvent, and tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate and triethylmethylammonium maleate as electrolyte salts, and the concentration of tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate and triethylmethylammonium maleate in the final electrolyte is 1.3mol/L and 0.2mol/L.
Example 10
This example provides a supercapacitor electrolyte, in which propylene carbonate is used as an organic solvent, tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate and triethylmethylammonium maleate are used as electrolyte salts, and the concentration of tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate and triethylmethylammonium maleate in the final electrolyte is 1.3mol/L and 0.2mol/L, respectively.
Example 11
The embodiment provides a supercapacitor electrolyte, which takes acetonitrile as an organic solvent, and tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate and tetraethylammonium maleate as electrolyte salts, wherein the concentration of the tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate in the final electrolyte is 1.4mol/L, and the concentration of the tetraethylammonium maleate is 0.2mol/L.
Example 12
The embodiment provides a supercapacitor electrolyte, which uses propylene carbonate as an organic solvent, uses tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate and tetraethylammonium maleate as electrolyte salts, and finally has a tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate concentration of 1.4mol/L and a tetraethylammonium maleate concentration of 0.2mol/L.
Example 13
This example provides a supercapacitor electrolyte, in which a mixed solution of acetonitrile and sulfolane (mass ratio 1:1) is used as an organic solvent, tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate and tetraethylammonium maleate are used as electrolyte salts, and finally the concentration of tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate in the electrolyte is 1mol/L and the concentration of tetraethylammonium maleate is 0.2mol/L.
Example 14
The embodiment provides a supercapacitor electrolyte, which takes a mixed solution of propylene carbonate and sulfolane (a mass ratio of 3:2) as an organic solvent, and takes tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate and tetraethylammonium maleate as electrolyte salts, wherein the concentration of the tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate in the final electrolyte is 0.8mol/L, and the concentration of the tetraethylammonium maleate is 0.2mol/L.
Example 15
This example provides a supercapacitor electrolyte, in which a mixed solution (mass ratio 7:3) of acetonitrile and sulfolane is used as an organic solvent, tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate and triethylmethylammonium maleate are used as electrolyte salts, and finally the concentration of the tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate and the concentration of the triethylmethylammonium maleate in the electrolyte solution are 1mol/L and 0.2mol/L, respectively.
Example 16
This example provides a supercapacitor electrolyte, in which a mixed solution of propylene carbonate and sulfolane (a mass ratio of 7:3) is used as an organic solvent, tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate and triethylmethylammonium maleate are used as electrolyte salts, and a concentration of the tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate and a concentration of the triethylmethylammonium maleate in the final electrolyte are 0.8mol/L and 0.2mol/L, respectively.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides a supercapacitor electrolyte, acetonitrile is used as an organic solvent, tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate is used as electrolyte salt, and the concentration of the tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate in the final electrolyte is 1mol/L.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example provides a supercapacitor electrolyte, propylene carbonate is used as an organic solvent, tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate is used as an electrolyte salt, and the concentration of the tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate in the final electrolyte is 1mol/L.
Comparative example 3
The electrolyte of the super capacitor is prepared by taking acetonitrile as an organic solvent, taking triethylmethylammonium tetrafluoroborate as an electrolyte salt and taking the triethylmethylammonium tetrafluoroborate as a final electrolyte solution, wherein the concentration of the triethylmethylammonium tetrafluoroborate in the final electrolyte solution is 1mol/L.
Comparative example 4
The comparative example provides a supercapacitor electrolyte, acetonitrile is used as an organic solvent, tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate and tetraethylammonium maleate are used as electrolyte salts, and finally the concentration of the tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate in the electrolyte is 0.8mol/L and the concentration of the tetraethylammonium maleate is 0.8mol/L.
Comparative example 5
The comparative example provides a supercapacitor electrolyte, acetonitrile is used as an organic solvent, tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate and tetraethylammonium maleate are used as electrolyte salts, the concentration of the tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate in the final electrolyte is 2mol/L, and the concentration of the tetraethylammonium maleate is 0.1mol/L.
The electrolyte solutions of the supercapacitors of the examples and the comparative examples were respectively injected into a 25F supercapacitor shell in an environment with water and oxygen content below 2ppm (dew point-70 ℃) to prepare final supercapacitors, and the high-temperature aging performance and direct-current internal resistance of the supercapacitors were tested on a battery test cabinet, and 10 groups of supercapacitors were prepared and tested for each of the examples and the comparative examples.
The high-temperature aging and internal resistance testing method comprises the following steps: taking the supercapacitor prepared from the supercapacitor electrolyte in example 1 as an example, 10 groups of supercapacitors are respectively placed in a high-temperature box, parameters are set on a battery test cabinet, the voltage range is 0.1-2.7V, the discharge current is 1875mA, the discharge capacity of each group of supercapacitors is tested after 25 weeks of charge-discharge circulation at the normal temperature of 25 ℃, and the average value is taken as the initial discharge capacity at 25 ℃; and testing the direct current internal resistance of each group of super capacitors, and taking the average value as the initial direct current internal resistance at 25 ℃. Then heating the high-temperature box to 85 ℃, keeping 2.7V constant voltage charging at 85 ℃, cooling the high-temperature box to normal temperature and 25 ℃ after 1500 hours, keeping 24 hours, then setting parameters on a battery test cabinet, wherein the voltage range is 0.1-2.7V, and the discharge current is 1875mA, and after the super capacitors are charged and discharged for 25 weeks, testing the discharge capacity of each group of super capacitors, and taking the average value as the 85 ℃ constant voltage 1500 hour discharge capacity; and testing the direct current internal resistance of each group of super capacitors, and taking the average value as the direct current internal resistance of constant voltage for 1500 hours at 85 ℃. The high temperature aging data are shown in Table 1, and the DC internal resistance data are shown in Table 2.
Figure 36785DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
Table 1 shows that when the organic solvent is acetonitrile, propylene carbonate, a combined solvent of acetonitrile and sulfolane, or a combined solvent of propylene carbonate and sulfolane, the initial discharge capacity at 25 ℃, the discharge capacity at 85 ℃ for 1500 hours at constant voltage and the capacity retention rate of the electrolyte using the composition of the quaternary ammonium tetrafluoroborate and the quaternary ammonium maleate as the electrolyte salt are all significantly higher than those of the current mainstream electrolyte (comparative example 1, comparative example 2 and comparative example 3).
Figure 382316DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
The supercapacitors in examples 1 to 16 and comparative example 4 have no expansion and crack of explosion-proof lines after being aged at high temperature for 1500 hours; the supercapacitors in comparative examples 1, 2, 3 and 5 all have the phenomena of bulging and crack of explosion-proof lines of partial supercapacitors after being aged at high temperature for 1500 hours.
Table 2 shows that the electrolyte of the electrolyte salt formed by compounding the quaternary ammonium tetrafluoroborate and the quaternary ammonium maleate has better high-temperature aging performance and longer battery life. The high-temperature resistance growth rate of some preferred electrolytes is obviously lower than that of the current mainstream electrolytes, and the electrolyte has a larger application prospect.
In the electrolyte taking acetonitrile, propylene carbonate, a combined solvent of acetonitrile and sulfolane or a combined solvent of propylene carbonate and sulfolane as an organic solvent, the compound composition of the quaternary ammonium tetrafluoroborate and the quaternary ammonium maleate is used as electrolyte salt, so that the high-temperature performance of the supercapacitor can be obviously improved. For example, the supercapacitor electrolyte in example 1 is maintained at 85 ℃ for 1500 hours, the capacity retention rate is as high as 81.32%, the internal resistance growth rate is only 229% (relative to the initial value of 25 ℃), the initial discharge capacity is higher than the design capacity of 2 to 3f, and the high-temperature performance of the supercapacitor electrolyte is greatly improved compared with that of the current mainstream electrolyte.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The electrolyte of the super capacitor comprises an organic solvent and electrolyte salt, and is characterized in that the electrolyte salt comprises quaternary ammonium tetrafluoroborate and quaternary ammonium maleate, and the molar concentration ratio of the quaternary ammonium tetrafluoroborate to the quaternary ammonium maleate in the electrolyte of the super capacitor is 1 (0.08 to 0.7).
2. The supercapacitor electrolyte of claim 1, wherein the electrolyte salt is comprised of quaternary ammonium tetrafluoroborate and quaternary ammonium maleate.
3. The supercapacitor electrolyte according to claim 1, wherein the quaternary ammonium tetrafluoroborate is tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate.
4. The supercapacitor electrolyte according to claim 1, wherein the quaternary ammonium maleate salt is tetraethylammonium maleate and/or triethylmethylammonium maleate.
5. The supercapacitor electrolyte according to claim 1, wherein the molar concentration of the electrolyte salt in the supercapacitor electrolyte is 0.6-2.0 mol/L.
6. The supercapacitor electrolyte according to claim 1, wherein the molar concentration of the quaternary ammonium tetrafluoroborate in the supercapacitor electrolyte is 0.5-1.8 mol/L.
7. The supercapacitor electrolyte according to claim 1, wherein the molar concentration of the quaternary ammonium maleate salt in the supercapacitor electrolyte is 0.1-0.8 mol/L.
8. The supercapacitor electrolyte according to claim 1, wherein the organic solvent is one or a combination of acetonitrile, propylene carbonate and sulfolane.
9. A supercapacitor, characterized in that it comprises a supercapacitor electrolyte according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The supercapacitor according to claim 9, wherein the supercapacitor is an electric double layer supercapacitor, and the electrode of the supercapacitor is an activated carbon porous electrode.
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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH10168028A (en) * 1996-12-10 1998-06-23 Mitsubishi Chem Corp Normal temperature-melting salt and electrochemical device using the same
JP2003073900A (en) * 2001-08-30 2003-03-12 Japan Science & Technology Corp Method for roughening surface of tantalum or niobium material
CN1950970A (en) * 2004-05-10 2007-04-18 株式会社日本触媒 Material for electrolytic solution, ionic material-containing composition and use thereof
CN101853959A (en) * 2002-04-02 2010-10-06 株式会社日本触媒 Material for electrolytic solutions and use thereof
CN107077975A (en) * 2014-11-03 2017-08-18 塞克姆公司 For electrical power storage and the electrolyte composition of the alkyl quaternary ammonium salts Huo phosphonium salts based on mixing of TRT

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH10168028A (en) * 1996-12-10 1998-06-23 Mitsubishi Chem Corp Normal temperature-melting salt and electrochemical device using the same
JP2003073900A (en) * 2001-08-30 2003-03-12 Japan Science & Technology Corp Method for roughening surface of tantalum or niobium material
CN101853959A (en) * 2002-04-02 2010-10-06 株式会社日本触媒 Material for electrolytic solutions and use thereof
CN1950970A (en) * 2004-05-10 2007-04-18 株式会社日本触媒 Material for electrolytic solution, ionic material-containing composition and use thereof
CN107077975A (en) * 2014-11-03 2017-08-18 塞克姆公司 For electrical power storage and the electrolyte composition of the alkyl quaternary ammonium salts Huo phosphonium salts based on mixing of TRT

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