CN115311578B - Method for identifying marine floaters by utilizing high-resolution infrared images - Google Patents
Method for identifying marine floaters by utilizing high-resolution infrared images Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application discloses a method for identifying marine floaters by utilizing high-resolution infrared images, which comprises the following steps: acquiring a satellite infrared image with high resolution and acquiring the radiance data of the satellite infrared image; the satellite infrared images comprise images of land, sea surface and cloud layer; obtaining radiation brightness temperature data according to the radiation brightness data and a Planckian blackbody radiation formula, obtaining temperature data of sea surface images based on the radiation brightness temperature data, and performing mask calculation on land images and cloud layer images to obtain sea surface images after mask calculation; acquiring window data of the sea surface image calculated by the mask, performing temperature difference calculation on each pixel in the window data based on the temperature data of the sea surface image, and obtaining sea surface texture information according to a temperature difference calculation result; and carrying out threshold comparison on the temperature difference calculation result, and obtaining a sea surface floater identification result of the sea surface texture information according to the threshold comparison result. The application can realize automatic identification of the marine floaters and has strong practicability.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of satellite monitoring and image recognition, in particular to a method for recognizing marine floaters by utilizing high-resolution infrared images.
Background
The means for monitoring the large-scale floating algae, floaters and the like on the sea through satellites mainly comprise visible near infrared multispectral remote sensors and also comprise synthetic aperture radars, and the multispectral remote sensors are widely applied to judging whether the type is available or not and identifying the type. The synthetic aperture radar judges whether the floating object is the floating object or not through the roughness of the ocean surface (can identify macro algae, spilled oil and the like), the multispectral remote sensor adopts a plurality of methods such as normalized vegetation index (NDVI), floating algae index (Floating Algae Index, FAI), maximum chlorophyll index method (Maxium Chlorophyll Index) and large floating algae virtual baseline height method (Virtual Baseline Floating macroalgae Height, VB-FAH), but all the methods depend on the reflectivity of near infrared, red light and blue light to distinguish the floating object on the sea, and the above methods do not consider the influence of the temperature of the floating object on identification and do not utilize a thermal infrared channel to identify the floating object on the sea.
Disclosure of Invention
The present application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent.
Therefore, with the popularization of high-resolution thermal infrared remote sensing data, more and more applications need method guidance, the application provides the method for automatically identifying the marine floaters by utilizing the thermal infrared satellite remote sensing data, the identification of the marine floaters can be realized at night, and the method has good application prospect.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present application, a method for identifying an offshore float using high resolution infrared images is provided, comprising:
acquiring a satellite infrared image with high resolution and acquiring the radiance data of the satellite infrared image; the satellite infrared image comprises images of land, sea surface and cloud layer;
obtaining radiation brightness temperature data according to the radiation brightness data and a Planckian blackbody radiation formula, obtaining temperature data of sea surface images based on the radiation brightness temperature data, and performing mask calculation on the land images and the cloud layer images to obtain sea surface images after mask calculation;
acquiring window data of the sea surface image calculated by the mask, performing temperature difference calculation on each pixel in the window data based on the temperature data of the sea surface image, and obtaining sea surface texture information according to a temperature difference calculation result;
and comparing the threshold value of the temperature difference calculation result, and obtaining a sea surface floater identification result of the sea surface texture information according to the threshold value comparison result.
The method for identifying the marine floaters by utilizing the high-resolution infrared images according to the embodiment of the application can also have the following additional technical characteristics:
further, in an embodiment of the present application, the acquiring the satellite infrared image with high resolution and acquiring the radiance data of the satellite infrared image includes: acquiring satellite infrared image data with high resolution of the atmosphere roof; and acquiring the radiance data of the atmospheric-roof satellite infrared image data by using the calibration parameters and the satellite infrared image data.
Further, in an embodiment of the present application, the obtaining the radiation brightness temperature data according to the radiation brightness data and the planck blackbody radiation formula includes: and obtaining the conversion relation between the radiation brightness data and the radiation brightness temperature data through the convolution operation of the spectrum response function by utilizing the spectrum response function of the radiation brightness temperature data.
Further, in one embodiment of the present application, the expression for performing temperature difference calculation on each pixel in the window data based on the temperature data of the sea level image is:
wherein TD i，j SST as temperature differential data i，j For the temperature data for each pixel in the window data,is the average of the pixel temperature data in all window data.
To achieve the above object, another aspect of the present application provides an apparatus for identifying an offshore float using high resolution infrared images, comprising:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring the infrared image with high resolution and acquiring the radiance data of the infrared image; the infrared image comprises images of land, sea surface and cloud layer;
the data conversion module is used for obtaining radiation brightness temperature data according to the radiation brightness data and a Planckian blackbody radiation formula, obtaining temperature data of sea surface images based on the radiation brightness temperature data, and performing mask calculation on the land images and the cloud layer images to obtain sea surface images after mask calculation;
the data calculation module is used for acquiring window data of the sea surface image calculated by the mask, carrying out temperature difference calculation on each pixel in the window data based on the temperature data of the sea surface image, and obtaining sea surface texture information according to a temperature difference calculation result;
and the image recognition module is used for carrying out threshold comparison on the temperature difference calculation result and obtaining a sea surface floater recognition result of the sea surface texture information according to the threshold comparison result.
A third aspect of the application provides a computer device comprising a processor and a memory;
wherein the processor runs a program corresponding to the executable program code by reading the executable program code stored in the memory for implementing a method of identifying an offshore float using a high resolution infrared image.
A fourth aspect of the application proposes a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that the program when executed by a processor implements a method for identifying marine floats using high-resolution infrared images.
According to the method, the device, the equipment and the storage medium for identifying the marine floaters by utilizing the high-resolution infrared images, the marine floaters (such as enteromorpha) can be identified by only relying on a single thermal infrared channel, subjective judgment of visual interpretation is not needed, and the identification rate is high.
Additional aspects and advantages of the application will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the application.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the application will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for identifying an offshore float using high resolution infrared images in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the brightness temperature change of Enteromorpha prolifera and the cross section of the surrounding sea area according to the embodiment of the application;
FIG. 3 is a BTD profile according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram comparing the results of BTD extraction of enteromorpha with multispectral FAI extraction according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of BTD night extraction enteromorpha distribution according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for identifying an offshore float using high resolution infrared images according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a computer device according to an embodiment of the application.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the present application, a technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in which it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present application.
The method, apparatus, device and storage medium for identifying an offshore float using high resolution infrared images according to embodiments of the present application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of identifying an offshore float using high resolution infrared images in accordance with one embodiment of the application.
As shown in fig. 1, the method includes, but is not limited to, the steps of:
s1, acquiring a satellite infrared image with high resolution and acquiring radiance data of the satellite infrared image; the satellite infrared images comprise images of land, sea surface and cloud layer.
Specifically, primary satellite data of the high-resolution thermal infrared remote sensor are obtained, and then the primary satellite data are processed by utilizing calibration parameters, so that the earth radiation radiance of the atmosphere roof can be obtained, and the satellite data comprise image data of land, sea surface and cloud layers.
It is understood that thermal infrared remote sensors include, but are not limited to, infrared cameras for resource 02E satellites, SDG-1 satellites, and the like.
S2, obtaining radiation brightness temperature data according to the radiation brightness data and the Planckian blackbody radiation formula, obtaining temperature data of sea surface images based on the radiation brightness temperature data, and performing mask calculation on land images and cloud layer images to obtain sea surface images after mask calculation.
Specifically, by converting the radiance data into the radiance temperature data according to the planck blackbody radiation formula, the conversion implementation approach includes: acquiring a spectral response function, and acquiring a conversion relation from the radiance to the radiant brightness temperature through convolution of the spectral response function; or obtaining equivalent wavelength, obtaining a conversion coefficient by using a Planck formula, and then converting the data based on the conversion coefficient and the conversion relation.
Further, after the single-channel radiation brightness temperature data are obtained in the steps, liu Biao (sea surface) temperature can be calculated by adopting a single-window algorithm, and image data calculation of land and cloud masks can be performed; wherein the land mask passes through the topographic data and the cloud mask passes through the absolute value of the bright temperature (less than 263K).
And S3, acquiring window data of the sea surface image calculated by the mask, performing temperature difference calculation on each pixel in the window data based on the temperature data of the sea surface image, and obtaining sea surface texture information according to a temperature difference calculation result.
Further, the image data is averaged by a windowing algorithm, the window is generally selected to be within a 3km by 3km equivalent window, and the image of the earth sea surface target object is determinedData, then a Temperature Difference (TD) or a bright temperature difference BTD is calculated pixel by pixel,and obtaining temperature difference data of the earth sea surface target object to obtain sea surface texture information. Wherein TD i，j SST as temperature differential data i，j Temperature data for each pixel in the window data, +.>And i and j are row and column numbers of a two-dimensional array corresponding to the sea surface image, wherein the row and column numbers are average values of pixel temperature data in all window data.
And S4, carrying out threshold comparison on the temperature difference calculation result, and obtaining a sea surface floater identification result of the sea surface texture information according to the threshold comparison result.
Specifically, performing threshold comparison and judgment to perform target recognition to obtain a target recognition result:
if TD is more than or equal to 0.15 ℃, the object is judged to be a high-temperature object (the floater is identified in the daytime), if TD is more than or equal to 0.15 ℃ and less than or equal to-0.15 ℃, the object is judged to be a background, and if TD is less than or equal to-0.15 ℃, the object is judged to be a low-temperature object (the floater is identified in the nighttime).
Embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 2, a in fig. 2 is a bright Wen Yingxiang image of a certain scene in daytime (the imaging time is about 11 points of 24 days of 6 months of 2022 in Beijing), and b in fig. 2 is a bright temperature change of a section where the imaging time is located, and it can be seen that a bright temperature (sea temperature) change is obvious on the section.
As shown in fig. 3, fig. 3 is a TD (BTD) difference diagram of a in fig. 2, and in fig. 2, texture information of many floaters can be clearly seen especially through several partially enlarged diagrams, and the floaters are judged to be enteromorpha according to other satellite images of the same day.
As shown in fig. 4, it can be seen in fig. 4 that the enteromorpha information obtained by using the VB algorithm based on the multispectral influence and the enteromorpha distribution extracted by using the bright temperature difference have very good correlation, and R2 reaches 0.97.
As shown in fig. 5, fig. 5 is night infrared imaging data (imaging time is 22 points between 21 days and night of year 6 of beijing time 2022). The apparent land and sea boundary information can be seen in fig. 5 a, which is a cloud in black; the bright temperature map of the selected local area at sea is shown as b in fig. 5, and c in fig. 5 is the information of the floats extracted by b in fig. 5 through the above steps.
According to the method for identifying the marine floaters by utilizing the high-resolution infrared images, disclosed by the embodiment of the application, the automatic identification of the marine floaters at night can be realized, and the method has a good application prospect.
In order to implement the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, there is further provided an apparatus 10 for identifying an offshore float using high resolution infrared images, the apparatus 10 including: the data acquisition module 100, the data conversion module 200, the data calculation module 300, and the image recognition module 400.
The data acquisition module 100 is configured to acquire a satellite infrared image with high resolution, and acquire radiance data of the satellite infrared image; the satellite infrared images comprise images of land, sea surface and cloud layer;
the data conversion module 200 is configured to obtain radiation brightness temperature data according to the radiation brightness data and the planckian blackbody radiation formula, obtain temperature data of the sea surface image based on the radiation brightness temperature data, and perform mask calculation on the land image and the cloud layer image to obtain a sea surface image after the mask calculation;
the data calculation module 300 is configured to obtain window data of the sea surface image after mask calculation, perform temperature difference calculation on each pixel in the window data based on temperature data of the sea surface image, and obtain sea surface texture information according to a temperature difference calculation result;
the image recognition module 400 is configured to perform threshold comparison on the temperature difference calculation result, and obtain a sea surface floater recognition result of the sea surface texture information according to the threshold comparison result.
Further, the data acquisition module 100 is further configured to:
acquiring satellite infrared image data with high resolution of the atmosphere roof;
and acquiring the radiance data of the atmospheric-roof satellite infrared image data by using the calibration parameters and the satellite infrared image data.
Further, the data conversion module 200 is further configured to:
and obtaining the conversion relation between the radiation brightness data and the radiation brightness temperature data through the convolution operation of the spectral response function by utilizing the spectral response function of the radiation brightness temperature data.
Further, the temperature difference expression in the data calculation module 300 is as follows:
wherein TD i，j SST as temperature differential data i，j For the temperature data for each pixel in the window data,is the average of the pixel temperature data in all window data.
According to the device for identifying the marine floaters by utilizing the high-resolution infrared images, disclosed by the embodiment of the application, the automatic identification of the marine floaters at night can be realized, and the method has a good application prospect.
In order to implement the method of the above embodiment, the present application further provides a computer device, as shown in fig. 7, the computer device 600 includes a memory 601, and a processor 602; wherein the processor 602 executes a program corresponding to the executable program code by reading the executable program code stored in the memory 601 for implementing the steps of the above-described method for identifying marine floats using high-resolution infrared images.
In order to implement the method of the above embodiment, the present application also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements a method of identifying an offshore float using high resolution infrared images.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
While embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the application, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the application.
Claims (8)
1. A method for identifying an offshore float using high resolution infrared images, comprising the steps of:
acquiring a satellite infrared image with high resolution and acquiring the radiance data of the satellite infrared image; the satellite infrared image comprises images of land, sea surface and cloud layer;
obtaining radiation brightness temperature data according to the radiation brightness data and a Planckian blackbody radiation formula, obtaining temperature data of sea surface images based on the radiation brightness temperature data, and performing mask calculation on the land images and the cloud layer images to obtain sea surface images after mask calculation;
acquiring window data of the sea surface image calculated by the mask by utilizing a window, performing temperature difference calculation on each pixel in the window data based on the temperature data of the sea surface image, and obtaining sea surface texture information according to a temperature difference calculation result; wherein, the window is in a 3km equivalent window;
threshold comparison is carried out on the temperature difference calculation result, and a sea surface floater identification result of the sea surface texture information is obtained according to the threshold comparison result;
the expression for calculating the temperature difference of each pixel in the window data based on the temperature data of the sea surface image is as follows:
wherein TD i，j SST as temperature differential data i，j For the temperature data for each pixel in the window data,an average value of pixel temperature data in all window data;
threshold comparison is carried out on the temperature difference calculation result, and a sea surface floater identification result of the sea surface texture information is obtained according to the threshold comparison result, and the method comprises the following steps: if the temperature difference data TD is more than or equal to 0.15 ℃ and is judged to be a day-time identification floater, if the temperature difference data TD is less than or equal to 0.15 ℃ and is less than or equal to-0.15 ℃, judging to be a background, and if the temperature difference data TD is less than or equal to-0.15 ℃ and is judged to be a night-time identification floater, then judging texture information of sea surface floaters identified based on a temperature difference graph of a temperature difference calculation result and other satellite images to obtain the category of the sea surface floaters.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the acquiring the satellite infrared image with high resolution and the radiance data of the satellite infrared image comprises:
acquiring satellite infrared image data with high resolution of the atmosphere roof;
and acquiring the radiance data of the atmospheric-roof satellite infrared image data by using the calibration parameters and the satellite infrared image data.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the obtaining radiant brightness temperature data from the radiance data and the planck blackbody radiation formula comprises:
and obtaining the conversion relation between the radiation brightness data and the radiation brightness temperature data through the convolution operation of the spectrum response function by utilizing the spectrum response function of the radiation brightness temperature data.
4. An apparatus for identifying an offshore float using high resolution infrared images, comprising:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring the satellite infrared image with high resolution and acquiring the radiance data of the satellite infrared image; the satellite infrared image comprises images of land, sea surface and cloud layer;
the data conversion module is used for obtaining radiation brightness temperature data according to the radiation brightness data and a Planckian blackbody radiation formula, obtaining temperature data of sea surface images based on the radiation brightness temperature data, and performing mask calculation on the land images and the cloud layer images to obtain sea surface images after mask calculation;
the data calculation module is used for acquiring window data of the sea surface image calculated by the mask by utilizing a window, carrying out temperature difference calculation on each pixel in the window data based on the temperature data of the sea surface image, and obtaining sea surface texture information according to a temperature difference calculation result; wherein, the window is in a 3km equivalent window;
the image recognition module is used for carrying out threshold comparison on the temperature difference calculation result and obtaining a sea surface floater recognition result of the sea surface texture information according to the threshold comparison result;
the temperature difference expression in the data calculation module is as follows:
wherein TD i，j SST as temperature differential data i，j For the temperature data for each pixel in the window data,an average value of pixel temperature data in all window data;
the image recognition module is further configured to: if the temperature difference data TD is more than or equal to 0.15 ℃ and is judged to be a day-time identification floater, if the temperature difference data TD is less than or equal to 0.15 ℃ and is less than or equal to-0.15 ℃, judging to be a background, and if the temperature difference data TD is less than or equal to-0.15 ℃ and is judged to be a night-time identification floater, then judging texture information of sea surface floaters identified based on a temperature difference graph of a temperature difference calculation result and other satellite images to obtain the category of the sea surface floaters.
5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the data acquisition module is further configured to:
acquiring satellite infrared image data with high resolution of the atmosphere roof;
and acquiring the radiance data of the atmospheric-roof satellite infrared image data by using the calibration parameters and the satellite infrared image data.
6. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the data conversion module is further configured to:
and obtaining the conversion relation between the radiation brightness data and the radiation brightness temperature data through the convolution operation of the spectrum response function by utilizing the spectrum response function of the radiation brightness temperature data.
7. A computer device comprising a processor and a memory;
wherein the processor runs a program corresponding to the executable program code by reading the executable program code stored in the memory for implementing the method of identifying marine floats using high-resolution infrared images as claimed in any one of claims 1-3.
8. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, which when executed by a processor, implements a method of identifying marine floats using high-resolution infrared images according to any of claims 1-3.
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