CN115308494A - Method for testing self inductance and mutual inductance of windings of symmetrical five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor - Google Patents
Method for testing self inductance and mutual inductance of windings of symmetrical five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for testing self-inductance and mutual inductance of a winding of a symmetrical five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor, which is based on an alternating current static method, adjusts the position of a rotor by taking direct current applied to a winding end by a plurality of direct current power supplies as a means in the process of completing the test, equivalently considers the influence of the saturation state of a magnetic circuit on the self-inductance and mutual inductance of the winding in the running state, considers the influence of the control mode of an actual driving circuit of the motor on the self-inductance and mutual inductance of the winding in the test process, and finally calculates and analyzes the results of a plurality of indirect tests according to an electromagnetic field equivalent principle to obtain the equivalent measured self-inductance and mutual inductance of the winding in the state without mechanical load. The invention does not need to additionally install a mechanical fixing device, can consider the influence of an electromagnetic field on an inductance test result in the running state of the motor, does not need to specially fix the shell and the shaft extension of the motor in the test process, does not need external equipment, and has the characteristics of simple structure, stable performance and reliable data.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of motor testing, and relates to a method for testing the self-inductance and mutual-inductance of a winding of a symmetrical five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor, in particular to a method for testing the self-inductance and mutual-inductance of the winding of the symmetrical five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor by considering the running state of the motor, which takes the symmetrical five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor as an application object.
Background
At present, there are many methods for testing the inductance of a permanent magnet synchronous motor, such as a direct current bridge method test, a flux linkage method test, a static torque method test, an alternating current static method test, and the like. The inductance of the motor winding can be conveniently and accurately tested by the alternating current static method, and the testing method is easy to implement. However, the conventional ac static method for measuring inductance also has some problems, for example, in general cases, when the ac static method is used for measuring the inductance of the winding of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, a stalling device needs to be added to fix the rotor of the motor, equipment conditions required by the test are increased invisibly, and the actual running state of the motor cannot be considered in the ac static test process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for testing self-inductance and mutual inductance of a winding of a symmetrical five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor, which can consider the running state of the motor, aims to solve the technical problems in the prior art, and is based on an alternating current static method to test the self-inductance and the mutual inductance of the winding of the motor without additionally arranging a mechanical fixing device and can consider the influence of an electromagnetic field in the running state of the motor on an inductance test result.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention discloses a method for testing self inductance and mutual inductance of a winding of a symmetrical five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor, which comprises the following steps of: selecting any phase winding as a B-phase winding, and recording the phase winding as a B phase, a C phase, a D phase, an E phase and an A phase in turn from the B-phase winding in an anticlockwise manner;
the method comprises the following steps: adding a direct current power supply input 1 between AC phase windings of the motor, wherein the direct current power supply input 1 provides current I 1 At the same time, between the AD phase windings of the motor, a DC power supply input 2 is added, said DC power supply input 2 provides the current I 2 The constant direct current to generate an electromagnetic torque for fixing the rotor, and simultaneously simulate the distribution of an electromagnetic field in the motor when the motor runs;
step two: connecting a B-phase winding outgoing line of the motor to a single-phase output end of a frequency converter, communicating alternating current with preset frequency to the motor B, regulating the voltage to be rated voltage through a voltage regulator, and recording test data at the current moment, wherein the test data comprises terminal voltage of two-phase windings of the motor B and the motor E, B-phase winding current and B-phase winding electric power;
step three: the B phase winding stops energizing and changes I 1 And I 2 Or simultaneously changing the size of I 1 And I 2 Then repeatedly executing the step one and the step two, the current I 1 And I 2 Satisfy I 1 +I 2 ＝I q ，I q Changing the repeated execution set times for the quadrature axis current value of the motor during operation, testing to obtain the self-inductance of the B-phase winding when the motor rotor is at different positions, and recording the self-inductance of the B-phase winding as the winding self-inductance reference quantity L of the motor BB1 ；
Step four: the B-phase winding is electrified again, a direct-current power supply input 1 is added between the AE-phase windings of the motor, and the direct-current power supply input 1 supplies current I 3 At the same time, between the AD phase windings of the motor, a DC power supply input 2 is added, said DC power supply input 2 provides the current I 4 The constant direct current to generate an electromagnetic torque for fixing the rotor, and simultaneously simulating the electromagnetic field distribution in the motor when the motor runs;
step five: connecting a B-phase winding outgoing line of the motor to a single-phase output end of a frequency converter, supplying alternating current with preset frequency to the B-phase winding of the motor, regulating the voltage to be rated voltage through a voltage regulator, and recording test data at the current moment, wherein the test data comprises terminal voltage, B-phase current and B-phase electric power of B-phase and C-phase windings of the motor;
step six: the B phase winding stops energizing and changes I 3 And I 4 Or simultaneously change I 3 And I 4 Then the fourth step and the fifth step are repeated, and the current I 3 And I 4 Satisfy I 3 +I 4 ＝I q ，I q Changing the repeated execution set times for the quadrature axis current value when the motor operates, and testing to obtain the self-inductance of the B-phase winding when the motor rotor is at different positions, wherein the self-inductance of the B-phase winding is used as the winding self-inductance reference quantity of the motor;
step seven: according to the actual driving mode of the permanent magnet synchronous motor and the winding self-inductance reference quantity L BB1 And L BB2 And obtaining the self inductance of the windings, the mutual inductance between every two adjacent windings and the mutual inductance between the adjacent windings by considering the running state of the motor according to the test data obtained in the second step and the fifth step.
Further, the self-inductance of the phase B winding in step three is:
wherein L is BB1 Self-inductance of the B-phase winding, U B1 、I B1 And D, respectively obtaining the effective voltage value and the effective current value of the B-phase winding according to the test data in the step two, wherein omega is the angular frequency of the sinusoidal alternating current, and P is the copper loss of the winding.
Further, the self-inductance of the phase B winding in the sixth step is:
wherein L is BB2 Self-inductance of the B-phase winding, U B2 、I B2 And D, respectively obtaining the effective voltage value and the effective current value of the B-phase winding according to the test data in the step five, wherein omega is the angular frequency of the sinusoidal alternating current, and P is the copper loss of the winding.
Further, the winding self-inductance considering the running state of the motor in the seventh step is specifically as follows:
L S ＝aL BB1 +bL BB2
the method comprises the following steps of obtaining a phase-separated conduction mode of an upper bridge arm and a lower bridge arm when a five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor adopts a space vector control strategy, and obtaining a phase-separated conduction mode of the upper bridge arm and the lower bridge arm when the five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor adopts the space vector control strategy.
Further, the step seven of considering the mutual inductance between the windings at intervals in the motor running state specifically comprises the following steps:
where ω is the angular frequency of the sinusoidal alternating current, U E The effective voltage value, I, of the E-phase winding is obtained according to the test data in the step two B1 The effective value of the current of the B-phase winding is obtained according to the test data in the step two.
Further, the step seven of considering the mutual inductance between adjacent windings of the motor in the running state specifically comprises the following steps:
where ω is the angular frequency of the sinusoidal alternating current, U C The effective value of the voltage of the C-phase winding, I, is obtained according to the test data in the step five B2 The effective value of the current of the B-phase winding is obtained according to the test data in the fifth step.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention utilizes the multi-winding structure characteristic of the symmetrical five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor and combines an alternating current static method to test the self inductance of the motor winding and the mutual inductance between the motor winding and the adjacent winding and the mutual inductance between the motor winding and the separated winding. The method is adopted to test the self-inductance and mutual inductance of the motor winding, and the self-inductance of the winding of one phase and the mutual inductance between the winding of one phase and the adjacent winding and the mutual inductance between the windings can be tested when the motor is positioned at any position under the condition of considering the running state of the motor. The method saves an additional rotor stalling device, and can improve the testing precision of the self-inductance and mutual inductance of the motor, so that the self-inductance and mutual inductance of the motor are closer to the true values of the self-inductance and mutual inductance of the motor in the running state of the motor. In the process of testing the inductance of the motor by adopting the method, the shell and the shaft extension of the motor do not need to be specially fixed, and external equipment is not needed. The motor inductance testing device has a series of advantages of simple structure, stable performance, reliable data and the like, and can meet the requirement of general motor inductance testing.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram illustrating a first method step of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram illustrating a second embodiment of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram illustrating a fourth step of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram illustrating a fifth step of the method of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the symmetrical five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in the following with reference to the drawings and examples.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the invention discloses a method for testing self inductance and mutual inductance between windings of a permanent magnet synchronous motor, which comprises the following steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: adding a direct current power supply input 1 between AC phase windings of the motor, wherein the direct current power supply input 1 is used for providing current I 1 At the same time, between the AD phase windings of the motor, a dc supply input 2 is added, said dc supply input 2 being used to supply a current I 2 The constant direct current to generate an electromagnetic torque for fixing the rotor, and simultaneously simulating the electromagnetic field distribution in the motor when the motor runs;
step two: and connecting a B-phase lead-out wire of the motor to a single-phase output end of the frequency converter, communicating alternating current with preset frequency to the motor B, regulating the voltage to be rated voltage through a voltage regulator, and recording test data at the current moment, wherein the test data comprises terminal voltage, B-phase current and B-phase electric power of two-phase windings of the motor B and E.
Step three: stopping the power supply and changing the input current I 1 And I 2 Direction and magnitude of, and current I 1 And I 2 Satisfy I 1 +I 2 ＝I q (I q Is the cross-axis current value when the motor operates) and then repeating the first step and the second step, thereby testing the self-inductance of the B-phase winding and the mutual inductance between the BE-phase windings when the rotor of the motor is at different positions, wherein the self-inductance of the B-phase winding is taken as the winding self-inductance reference quantity 1 of the motor, and the mutual inductance between the BE-phase windings is taken as the mutual inductance between the separated windings.
Step four: restarting the energization, and adding a direct current power supply input 1 between AE phase windings of the motor, wherein the direct current power supply input 1 is used for providing current I 3 While between the motor AD phase windings a dc supply input 2 is added, said dc supply inputIN 2 for supplying a current of I 4 The constant direct current to generate an electromagnetic torque for fixing the rotor, and simultaneously simulating the electromagnetic field distribution in the motor when the motor runs;
step five: and connecting a lead-out wire of a phase B of the motor to a single-phase output end of the frequency converter, communicating alternating current with preset frequency to the motor B, adjusting the voltage to be rated voltage through a voltage regulator, and recording test data at the current moment, wherein the test data comprises terminal voltage, phase B current and phase B electric power of two-phase windings of the motor B and the motor C.
Step six: stopping the power supply and changing the input current I 3 And I 4 Direction and magnitude of, and current I 3 And I 4 Satisfy I 3 +I 4 ＝I q (I q The cross-axis current value when the motor operates), and then repeating the fourth step and the fifth step, thereby testing the self-inductance of the B-phase winding and the mutual inductance between the BC-phase windings when the motor rotor is at different positions, wherein the self-inductance of the B-phase winding is recorded as the self-inductance reference quantity of the winding of the motor at the moment, and the mutual inductance between the BC-phase windings is recorded as the mutual inductance between adjacent windings.
Step seven: according to the actual driving mode of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, the winding self-inductance reference quantity 1 and the winding self-inductance reference quantity 2 in the third step and the sixth step, a winding self-inductance considering the running state of the motor, mutual inductance between adjacent windings and a mutual inductance test result between the windings at intervals can be obtained.
The second embodiment:
as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the method for testing the self-inductance and the mutual inductance between the windings of the permanent magnet synchronous motor according to the present embodiment includes the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: between the AC phase windings of the motor unit, a DC power supply input 1 is added, said DC power supply input 1 being used to supply a current I 1 While between the AD phase windings of the motor unit a dc supply input 2 is added, said dc supply input 2 being arranged to supply a current of I 2 The constant direct current to generate an electromagnetic torque for fixing the rotor, and simultaneously simulate the electromagnetic field distribution in the motor when the motor runs. The specific electrical connections are shown in fig. 1.
Step two: and connecting a B-phase lead-out wire of the motor to a single-phase output end of the frequency converter, communicating alternating current with preset frequency to the motor B, regulating the voltage to be rated voltage through a voltage regulator, and recording test data at the current moment, wherein the test data comprises terminal voltage, B-phase current and B-phase electric power of two-phase windings of the motor B and E. The specific electrical connections are shown in fig. 2.
Step three: stopping the power supply and changing the input current I 1 And I 2 Direction and magnitude of, and current I 1 And I 2 Satisfy I 1 +I 2 ＝I q (I q Is the cross-axis current value when the motor operates), and then the first step and the second step are repeated, so that the self inductance of the B-phase winding and the mutual inductance between the BE-phase windings when the motor rotor is positioned at different positions are tested, and the self inductance of the B-phase winding at the moment is taken as the winding self-inductance reference quantity L of the motor BB1 BE phase inter-winding mutual inductance is recorded as inter-interval-winding mutual inductance L BE 。
The self inductance and mutual inductance of the permanent magnet synchronous motor winding are calculated under the test method of the invention:
the voltage equation of the windings of the symmetrical five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor can be written in the form of a matrix as follows:
wherein u = [ ] A u B u C u D u E ]，i＝[i A i B i C i D i E ]，ψ＝L·i，
The voltage equation for the jth winding is then:
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
L jj is the self-inductance of the jth winding, L kj Mutual inductance of the kth winding with the jth winding.
In practice, the self-inductance and mutual inductance of the windings are both rotor position angles θ r So equation (2) can again be written as follows:
when the inductance parameter of the winding is measured by a static measurement method, the rotor of the motor is fixed, and at the moment
Equation (3) can be simplified to
At the moment, a sinusoidal alternating current i is introduced into the jth winding j And the kth winding is open. The voltage equations for the jth and kth windings can be written as
Writing the above into plural form
U j ＝r j ·I j +jωL jj I j
U k ＝jωL kj I j
Wherein, U j ，U k ，I j Are effective values of the respective voltages and currents, and ω is the angular frequency of the sinusoidal alternating current.
When the motor rotor is fixed at a certain rotor position angle theta r When the self-inductance of the jth winding is
In actual measurement, the copper loss P and the current I of the winding are measured j The resistance of the winding can be determined as follows
The self-inductance of the jth winding can be expressed as
Mutual inductance of the jth winding and the kth winding is
According to the formula, a sinusoidal alternating current i is introduced into the jth winding j And under the condition that the kth winding is open-circuited, measuring the current of the jth winding, the voltage of the jth winding, the power of the jth winding and the voltage of the kth winding to calculate the self inductance of the jth winding and the mutual inductance of the kth winding and the jth winding.
Step four: restarting the energization, and adding a DC power supply input 1 between the AE phase windings of the motor unit, wherein the DC power supply input 1 is used for supplying current I 3 While between the AD phase windings of the motor unit a dc supply input 2 is added, said dc supply input 2 being arranged to supply a current of I 4 The constant direct current to generate an electromagnetic torque for fixing the rotor, and simultaneously simulate the electromagnetic field distribution in the motor when the motor runs. The specific electrical connections are shown in fig. 3.
Step five: and connecting a lead-out wire of a phase B of the motor to a single-phase output end of the frequency converter, communicating alternating current with preset frequency to the motor B, adjusting the voltage to be rated voltage through a voltage regulator, and recording test data at the current moment, wherein the test data comprises terminal voltage, phase B current and phase B electric power of two-phase windings of the motor B and the motor C. The specific electrical connections are shown in fig. 4.
Step six: stopping the power supply and changing the input current I 3 And I 4 Direction and magnitude of, and current I 3 And I 4 Satisfy I 3 +I 4 ＝I q (I q Is the quadrature axis current value when the motor operates), and then repeating the fourth step and the fifth step, thereby testing the self inductance of the B-phase winding and the mutual inductance between the BC-phase windings when the motor rotor is at different positions, wherein the self inductance of the B-phase winding at the moment is recorded as the winding self inductance reference quantity L of the motor BB2 And the mutual inductance between the BC phase windings is recorded as the mutual inductance L between the adjacent windings BC 。
Step seven: according to the actual driving mode of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, the winding self-inductance reference quantity 1 and the winding self-inductance reference quantity 2 in the third step and the sixth step, the winding self-inductance considering the running state of the motor, the mutual inductance between adjacent windings and the mutual inductance test result between the windings at intervals can be obtained. The specific calculation formula is as follows:
L S ＝aL BB1 +bL BB2
wherein L is S In order to consider the test result of the self-inductance of the winding of the symmetrical five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor in the motor running state, a is the proportion of the conduction mode of the upper bridge arm and the lower bridge arm at intervals when the five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor adopts a space vector control strategy, and b is the proportion of the conduction mode of the upper bridge arm and the lower bridge arm at intervals when the five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor adopts the space vector control strategy.
Wherein L is m1 In order to consider the test result of the mutual inductance of the spaced windings of the symmetrical five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor in the running state of the motor, U E And I B1 Is the test result in the second step.
Wherein L is m2 In order to consider the test result of the mutual inductance of the adjacent windings of the symmetrical five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor in the running state of the motor, U C And I B2 The test result in the step five is shown.
Claims (6)
1. A method for testing self inductance and mutual inductance of a winding of a symmetrical five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor is characterized by comprising the following steps: selecting any phase winding as a B-phase winding, and recording the phase winding as a B phase, a C phase, a D phase, an E phase and an A phase in turn from the B-phase winding in an anticlockwise manner;
the method comprises the following steps: adding a direct current power supply input 1 between AC phase windings of the motor, wherein the direct current power supply input 1 provides current I 1 While between the AD phase windings of the motor a dc supply input 2 is added, said dc supply input 2 providing a current I 2 The constant direct current to generate an electromagnetic torque for fixing the rotor, and simultaneously simulate the distribution of an electromagnetic field in the motor when the motor runs;
step two: connecting a B-phase winding outgoing line of the motor to a single-phase output end of a frequency converter, communicating alternating current with preset frequency to the motor B, regulating the voltage to be rated voltage through a voltage regulator, and recording test data at the current moment, wherein the test data comprises terminal voltage of two-phase windings of the motor B and the motor E, B-phase winding current and B-phase winding electric power;
step three: the B phase winding stops energizing and changes I 1 And I 2 Or simultaneously changing the size of I 1 And I 2 Then repeatedly executing the step one and the step two, the current I 1 And I 2 Satisfy I 1 +I 2 ＝I q ，I q Changing the repeated execution set times for the quadrature axis current value of the motor during operation, testing to obtain the self-inductance of the B-phase winding when the motor rotor is at different positions, and recording the self-inductance of the B-phase winding as the winding self-inductance reference quantity L of the motor BB1 ；
Step four: the B-phase winding is electrified again, a direct-current power supply input 1 is added between the AE-phase windings of the motor, and the direct-current power supply input 1 provides current I 3 While between the AD phase windings of the motor a dc supply input 2 is added, said dc supply input 2 providing a current I 4 The constant direct current to generate an electromagnetic torque for fixing the rotor, and simultaneously simulating the electromagnetic field distribution in the motor when the motor runs;
step five: connecting a leading-out wire of a B-phase winding of the motor to a single-phase output end of a frequency converter, supplying alternating current with preset frequency to the B-phase winding of the motor, regulating the voltage to be rated voltage through a voltage regulator, and recording test data at the current moment, wherein the test data comprises terminal voltage, B-phase current and B-phase electric power of B-phase and C-phase windings of the motor;
step six: the B phase winding stops energizing and changes I 3 And I 4 Or simultaneously change I 3 And I 4 Then repeating the fourth step and the fifth step, and the current I 3 And I 4 Satisfy I 3 +I 4 ＝I q ，I q Changing the repeated execution set times for the quadrature axis current value of the motor during operation, and testing to obtain the self-inductance of the B-phase winding when the motor rotor is at different positions, wherein the self-inductance of the B-phase winding is recorded as the winding self-inductance reference quantity of the motor;
step seven: according to the actual driving mode of the permanent magnet synchronous motor and the winding self-inductance reference quantity L BB1 And L BB2 And obtaining the self inductance of the windings, the mutual inductance between every two adjacent windings and the mutual inductance between the adjacent windings by considering the running state of the motor according to the test data obtained in the second step and the fifth step.
2. The method for testing the self-inductance and the mutual-inductance of the windings of the symmetrical five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: step three, the self-inductance of the B-phase winding is as follows:
wherein L is BB1 Self-inductance of the B-phase winding, U B1 、I B1 And C, obtaining the effective voltage value and the effective current value of the B-phase winding according to the test data in the second step, wherein omega is the angular frequency of the sinusoidal alternating current, and P is the copper loss of the winding.
3. The method for testing the self-inductance and the mutual-inductance of the windings of the symmetrical five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: sixthly, the self inductance of the B-phase winding is as follows:
wherein L is BB2 Self-inductance of the B-phase winding, U B2 、I B2 And C, obtaining the effective voltage value and the effective current value of the B-phase winding according to the test data obtained in the fifth step, wherein omega is the angular frequency of the sinusoidal alternating current, and P is the copper loss of the winding.
4. The method for testing the self-inductance and the mutual-inductance of the windings of the symmetrical five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: seventhly, the winding self-inductance considering the running state of the motor specifically comprises the following steps:
L S ＝aL BB1 +bL BB2
the method comprises the following steps that a is the proportion of an upper bridge arm and a lower bridge arm separated phase conduction mode when a space vector control strategy is adopted by the five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor, and b is the proportion of the upper bridge arm and the lower bridge arm adjacent phase conduction mode when the space vector control strategy is adopted by the five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor.
5. The method for testing the self-inductance and the mutual-inductance of the windings of the symmetrical five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: seventhly, considering the mutual inductance between the windings at intervals in the motor running state specifically comprises the following steps:
where ω is the angular frequency of the sinusoidal alternating current, U E The effective value of the voltage of the E-phase winding, I, is obtained according to the test data in the step two B1 And obtaining the effective current value of the B-phase winding according to the test data in the step two.
6. The method for testing the self inductance and the mutual inductance of the windings of the symmetrical five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: seventhly, considering the mutual inductance between adjacent windings in the motor running state specifically comprises the following steps:
where ω is the angular frequency of the sinusoidal alternating current, U C The effective value of the voltage of the C-phase winding, I, is obtained according to the test data in the step five B2 The effective value of the current of the B-phase winding is obtained according to the test data in the fifth step.
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| CN202211058704.5A CN115308494A (en) | 2022-08-31 | 2022-08-31 | Method for testing self inductance and mutual inductance of windings of symmetrical five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor |
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