CN115306603A - Fuel low-temperature reforming device and reformed gas control method thereof - Google Patents
Fuel low-temperature reforming device and reformed gas control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115306603A CN115306603A CN202210912899.9A CN202210912899A CN115306603A CN 115306603 A CN115306603 A CN 115306603A CN 202210912899 A CN202210912899 A CN 202210912899A CN 115306603 A CN115306603 A CN 115306603A
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- temperature
- reformer
- fuel
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006057 reforming reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009841 combustion method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009123 feedback regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002303 thermal reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M27/00—Apparatus for treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture, by catalysts, electric means, magnetism, rays, sound waves, or the like
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a fuel low-temperature reforming device and a reformed gas control method thereof, wherein the device comprises an oil supply subsystem, an engine, an external reformer, a sensing subsystem and a control subsystem; the external reformer is arranged outside the engine and is provided with two air inlets and an air outlet, the air outlet is connected with one end of an exhaust passage of the reformer, and the other end of the exhaust passage of the reformer is communicated with an air inlet pipe of the engine; the two air inlets are respectively used for injecting initial fuel and engine exhaust gas, and oxygen in the engine exhaust gas and the initial fuel are reformed by using the waste heat of the exhaust gas to form reformed gas; the flow rate of the engine exhaust gas entering the internal part of the external reformer is controlled by an exhaust gas control valve; and the control subsystem regulates and controls the waste gas control valve according to the obtained temperature and pressure values of the engine, and regulates the waste gas entering the external reformer, so that the activity of the reformed gas is regulated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of combustion optimization of internal combustion engines, and particularly relates to a low-temperature fuel reforming device and a reformed gas control method thereof.
Background
At present, the internal combustion engine still has the absolute dominance in transportation, however, with the increasing awareness of environmental protection in recent years, the combustion mode of the traditional internal combustion engine obviously cannot meet the requirements of energy and environment. In recent years, a new combustion method of fuel reforming is gradually applied to an internal combustion engine, and the thermal efficiency of the engine is improved and the emission is reduced. The invention utilizes the heat of the waste gas of the engine and the excess air, combines with fuel reforming, adopts an external reformer to carry out catalyst-free low-temperature thermal reforming on the fuel, and adjusts the air inlet proportion of the waste gas of the reformer according to the real-time combustion condition of the engine, aiming at further improving the heat efficiency of the engine and reducing the emission.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to comprehensively utilize the exhaust gas of an engine and provides a fuel low-temperature reforming device based on an external reformer and a reformed gas control method thereof. The low-temperature fuel reforming device adopts the engine waste gas to be directly mixed with the fuel, and achieves the aim of controlling the activity of the reformer by controlling the air inflow of the engine waste gas entering the external reformer.
A low-temperature fuel reforming device comprises an oil supply subsystem, an engine, an external reformer, a sensing subsystem and a control subsystem;
the oil supply subsystem comprises an oil tank, a fuel pump and a nozzle which are connected in sequence; the external reformer is arranged outside the engine and is provided with two air inlets and an air outlet,
the exhaust port is connected with one end of the reformer exhaust passage, and the other end of the reformer exhaust passage is communicated with an engine air inlet pipe and is used for premixing reformed gas and air in the engine air inlet pipe and then enabling the premixed gas to enter the main combustion chamber;
the two air inlets are respectively used for spraying initial fuel and engine exhaust gas, oxygen in the engine exhaust gas and the initial fuel are reformed to form reformed gas by using the waste heat of the exhaust gas, and the steam in the exhaust gas accelerates the reforming reaction;
the flow rate of the engine exhaust gas entering the interior of the external reformer is controlled by an exhaust gas control valve;
the sensing subsystem comprises a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor which are arranged on the engine cylinder cover and is used for measuring the temperature and the pressure of the engine cylinder cover and sending the temperature and the pressure to the control subsystem;
and the control subsystem is used for regulating and controlling the waste gas control valve according to the temperature and pressure values of the engine obtained by the sensing subsystem, and regulating the waste gas entering the external reformer, so that the activity of the reformed gas is regulated.
Furthermore, a first air inlet of the external reformer is communicated with the nozzle and is used for spraying fuel into the external reformer, and a second air inlet of the external reformer is connected with an engine exhaust passage and is used for spraying at least part of exhaust gas discharged by an engine into the external reformer; the waste gas control valve is arranged on the engine exhaust passage and is a three-way control valve, two end parts of the waste gas control valve are respectively connected with the engine exhaust passage, and the other end part of the waste gas control valve is connected with a waste gas branch pipe;
the reforming loop of the low-temperature fuel reforming device is oriented as follows:
the fuel pump sucks fuel out of the fuel tank and sprays the fuel into the external reformer through the nozzle; meanwhile, after being discharged through an engine exhaust passage, the engine exhaust gas is regulated and controlled by an exhaust gas control valve, one part of the engine exhaust gas enters the external reformer, and the other part of the engine exhaust gas is discharged through an exhaust gas branch pipe; in the external reformer, the fuel absorbs the waste heat of the exhaust gas, and reacts with the residual air in the exhaust gas to reform. The reformed gas enters an air inlet channel of the engine after passing through the exhaust channel of the reformer, enters a main combustion chamber of the engine along with air, and is mixed and combusted with fuel oil sprayed by an engine fuel injector.
The reforming gas control method using the fuel low-temperature reforming device includes:
the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor are arranged on a cylinder cover of the engine and are used for respectively detecting the temperature and the pressure of the engine;
setting 2 temperature limits of the reforming chamber, wherein the temperature limits are a first temperature limit and a second temperature limit in a low-to-high sequence respectively;
when the temperature of the engine is lower than a preset second temperature limit of the reforming chamber and the pressure of the engine is lower than a preset pressure of 8MPa, the combustion in the cylinder of the engine is insufficient, the control subsystem controls the waste gas control valve to send 5% of waste gas into the external reformer 3, and the rest of the waste gas is discharged through a waste gas branch pipe;
when the temperature of the engine is higher than a first temperature limit of a preset reforming chamber and lower than a second temperature limit, and the pressure of the engine is higher than 8MPa and lower than 20MPa, the engine cylinder normally works at the moment, the control subsystem controls the waste gas control valve to send 6-14% of waste gas into the external reformer, and the rest is discharged through a waste gas branch pipe;
when the temperature of the engine is higher than the preset second temperature limit of the reforming chamber and the pressure of the engine is higher than the preset 20MPa, the combustion in the engine cylinder is severe at the moment; and the control subsystem controls the waste gas control valve to send 15% of waste gas into the external reformer, and the rest waste gas is discharged through a waste gas branch pipe.
Further, the first temperature limit of the reformer chamber is 500K and the second temperature limit of the reformer chamber is 1800K.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention is based on an external reformer, directly utilizes the heat in the waste gas for reforming, reduces the use of a heat exchanger, and optimizes the heat exchange;
2. the invention makes full use of the waste gas of the engine, and reforms the fuel by using the oxygen in the waste gas, thereby improving the utilization rate of the waste gas;
3. the invention adopts feedback regulation for the reforming process, controls the combustion condition of the engine by receiving the temperature and pressure values of the engine, controls the amount of exhaust gas entering the reformer, regulates the activity of reformed gas and has more flexible regulation and control on the combustion in the cylinder of the engine;
4. the invention does not relate to expensive equipment, and the used materials are all cheaper, the total cost is low, and the applicability is wider.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing the structure of a low temperature reformer for fuel according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of exhaust gas control according to cylinder temperature and cylinder pressure of the fuel low-temperature reformer. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
1: fuel pump 2: nozzle 3: reformer and method of manufacturing the same
41: reformer exhaust passage 42: engine exhaust passage 5: engine air inlet channel
6: an engine 7: the exhaust gas control valve 8: exhaust branch pipe
9: oil sprayer
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are further described in detail with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, which are only illustrative and not intended to limit the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a low-temperature fuel reforming device comprises an oil supply subsystem, an engine 6, an external reformer 3 coupled with exhaust gas, a sensing subsystem and a control subsystem.
The oil supply subsystem comprises an oil tank, a fuel pump 1 and a nozzle 2 which are connected in sequence; the external reformer 3 is arranged outside the engine 6, the external reformer 3 is provided with two air inlets and an air outlet, the air outlet is connected with one end of a reformer exhaust passage 41, and the other end of the reformer exhaust passage 41 is communicated with an engine air inlet pipe 5 and is used for premixing reformed air and air in the engine air inlet pipe and then enabling the premixed reformed air to enter a main combustion chamber; the first air inlet is communicated with the nozzle 2 and is used for injecting fuel into the external reformer 3, the second air inlet is connected with an engine exhaust passage 42 and is used for injecting at least part of exhaust gas discharged by an engine into the external reformer 3 to be mixed with the fuel injected by the nozzle 2 and be reformed, wherein the fuel is mainly reformed with oxygen in the air in the exhaust gas, and water vapor in the exhaust gas contains larger heat and is mainly used for accelerating reforming reaction. The reformed mixture passes through the reformer exhaust 41 into the engine intake. And the engine exhaust passage 42 is also provided with an exhaust gas control valve 7, the exhaust gas control valve 7 is a three-way control valve, two end parts of the exhaust gas control valve 7 are respectively connected with the engine exhaust passage 42, and the other end part of the exhaust gas control valve is connected with an exhaust gas branch pipe 8 and used for regulating and controlling the flow of the exhaust gas in the engine exhaust passage 42 flowing to the external reformer 3 according to requirements.
The sensing subsystem comprises a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor which are arranged on the engine cylinder cover and used for measuring the temperature and the pressure of the engine cylinder cover and sending the temperature and the pressure to the control subsystem.
And the control subsystem is used for regulating and controlling the waste gas control valve 7 according to the temperature and pressure values of the engine obtained by the sensing subsystem, and regulating the waste gas entering the external reformer 3, so that the activity of the reformed gas is regulated.
The reforming loop of the low-temperature fuel reforming device runs (the valve is fully opened):
the fuel pump 1 sucks fuel out of a fuel tank and sprays the fuel into an external reformer 3 through a nozzle 2; meanwhile, after being discharged through the engine exhaust passage 42, the engine exhaust gas is regulated and controlled by the exhaust gas control valve 7, one part of the engine exhaust gas enters the external reformer 3, and the other part of the engine exhaust gas is discharged through the exhaust gas branch pipe 8. In the external reformer 3, the fuel absorbs the waste heat of the exhaust gas, and reacts with the remaining air in the exhaust gas to reform the exhaust gas. The reformed gas enters the engine air inlet 5 after passing through the reformer exhaust passage 41, enters the engine main combustion chamber along with air, and is mixed and combusted with fuel oil sprayed by the engine fuel injector 9.
As shown in fig. 2, a specific reforming gas control method is as follows:
a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor which are arranged on a cylinder cover of the engine respectively detect the temperature and the pressure of the engine;
setting 2 reformer chamber temperature limits, which in order from low to high are a first temperature limit of 500K and a second temperature limit of 1800K;
in the engine starting stage, no waste gas exists in the external reformer, and fuel directly flows into an engine air inlet passage 5 through the external reformer 3;
when the temperature of the engine is lower than the first temperature limit of the preset reforming chamber of 500K and the pressure of the engine is lower than the preset pressure of 8MPa, the combustion in the cylinder of the engine is insufficient, the control subsystem controls the waste gas control valve 7 to send 5% of waste gas into the external reformer 3, and the rest is discharged through the waste gas branch pipe 8. At the moment, the external reformer 3 has the advantages of low waste gas content, less oxygen, low fuel reforming degree, high activity, full in-cylinder combustion promotion and optimized combustion.
When the temperature of the engine is higher than a preset first temperature limit 500K of the reforming chamber and lower than a preset second temperature limit 1800K, and the pressure of the engine is higher than 8MPa and lower than 20MPa, the engine cylinder normally works at the moment, the control subsystem controls the waste gas control valve 7 to send 6-14% of waste gas into the external reformer 3, and the rest is discharged through the waste gas branch pipe 8.
When the temperature of the engine is higher than the preset second temperature limit 1800K of the reforming chamber and the pressure of the engine is higher than the preset pressure of 20MPa, the combustion in the cylinder of the engine is violent; the control subsystem controls the waste gas control valve 7 to send 15% of waste gas into the external reformer 3, and the rest is discharged through a waste gas branch pipe 8. At this time, the external reformer 3 has a large content of exhaust gas, a high temperature, a high fuel reforming degree, a low reforming activity, and suppresses combustion to control combustion products.
The exhaust gas intake strategy is judged by monitoring signals of a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor of the engine, generally, the fuel injection quantity is communicated with the signals of the sensor, the fuel injection quantity is less at low load, namely, the corresponding temperature is less than 500K, the pressure is less than 8MPa, the quantity of the exhaust gas entering a reformer is reduced, the reforming degree of the exhaust gas is reduced, the activity of reformed gas is improved, and the combustion in the engine is more sufficient; the fuel injection amount is moderate during medium load, and the air input of the reformer waste gas is flexibly adjusted according to the sensor so as to meet the combustion requirement; the fuel injection amount is larger at high load, at this time, the amount of the waste gas entering the reformer is increased, so that more part of the fuel is oxidized in the reformer, the activity is reduced, and the fuel enters the engine to control the in-cylinder combustion.
The invention controls the exhaust gas of the engine to directly enter the reformer according to the temperature and the pressure of the engine and utilizes the waste heat, the air and the moisture in the exhaust gas to reform the fuel, thereby omitting a heat exchanger of the prior external reformer and correspondingly omitting a heat exchange process in the control method.
In summary, the present invention proposes a reforming system using an external reformer to generate low-temperature reformate in different oxidation stages according to the actual operating conditions of the engine, and the reforming system does not add a catalyst. The difference between the present invention and other corresponding fuel reforming technical schemes is that 1, the external reformer is directly linked with the exhaust gas of the engine, and the waste heat and the residual air are fully utilized; 2. by controlling the amount of the waste gas entering the reformer, a plurality of reformed products are obtained, so that an efficient clean combustion mode with layered control of activity and concentration is realized by only adopting a single fuel, and the adjustable control of a combustion reaction path is realized.
Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and those skilled in the art can make many modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. The low-temperature fuel reforming device is characterized by comprising an oil supply subsystem, an engine (6), an external reformer (3), a sensing subsystem and a control subsystem;
the oil supply subsystem comprises an oil tank, a fuel pump (1) and a nozzle (2) which are connected in sequence; the external reformer (3) is arranged outside the engine (6), the external reformer (3) is provided with two air inlets and one air outlet,
the exhaust port is connected with one end of a reformer exhaust passage (41), and the other end of the reformer exhaust passage (41) is communicated with an engine air inlet pipe (5) and used for premixing reformed gas and air in an engine air inlet pipe and then enabling the premixed gas to enter the main combustion chamber;
the two air inlets are respectively used for injecting initial fuel and engine exhaust gas, oxygen in the engine exhaust gas and the initial fuel are reformed to form reformed gas by using the waste heat of the exhaust gas, and the water vapor in the exhaust gas accelerates the reforming reaction;
the flow rate of the engine exhaust gas entering the interior of the external reformer (3) is controlled by an exhaust gas control valve (7);
the sensing subsystem comprises a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor which are arranged on an engine cylinder cover and are used for measuring the temperature and the pressure of the engine cylinder cover and sending the temperature and the pressure to the control subsystem;
and the control subsystem is used for regulating and controlling the waste gas control valve 7 according to the temperature and pressure values of the engine obtained by the sensing subsystem, and regulating the waste gas entering the external reformer (3), so that the activity of the reformed gas is regulated.
2. The low-temperature fuel reforming device according to claim 1, characterized in that a first inlet of the external reformer (3) is communicated with the nozzle (2) and used for injecting fuel into the external reformer (3), and a second inlet is connected with an engine exhaust passage (42) and used for injecting at least part of exhaust gas discharged by an engine into the external reformer (3); the exhaust gas control valve (7) is arranged on the engine exhaust passage (42), the exhaust gas control valve (7) is a three-way control valve, two end parts of the exhaust gas control valve are respectively connected with the engine exhaust passage (42), and the other end part of the exhaust gas control valve is connected with the exhaust gas branch pipe (8);
the reforming circuit of the low-temperature fuel reforming device is oriented to:
the fuel pump (1) sucks fuel out of the oil tank and sprays the fuel into the external reformer (3) through the nozzle (2); meanwhile, the exhaust gas of the engine is discharged through an exhaust passage (42) of the engine and then regulated and controlled by an exhaust gas control valve (7), one part of the exhaust gas enters the external reformer (3), and the other part of the exhaust gas is discharged through an exhaust gas branch pipe (8); in the external reformer (3), the fuel absorbs the waste heat of the exhaust gas and reacts with the residual air in the exhaust gas to carry out reforming; the reformed gas enters an engine air inlet passage (5) after passing through the reformer exhaust passage (41), enters a main combustion chamber of the engine along with air, and is mixed and combusted with fuel oil sprayed by an engine fuel injector (9).
3. A reforming gas control method of a low-temperature fuel reforming apparatus according to claim 1, comprising:
the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor are arranged on a cylinder cover of the engine and are used for respectively detecting the temperature and the pressure of the engine;
setting 2 reforming chamber temperature limits, wherein the temperature limits are a first temperature limit and a second temperature limit respectively in a low-to-high sequence;
when the temperature of the engine is lower than a preset second temperature limit of the reforming chamber and the pressure of the engine is lower than a preset pressure of 8MPa, the combustion in the cylinder of the engine is insufficient, the control subsystem controls the exhaust gas control valve (7) to send 5% of exhaust gas into the external reformer (3), and the rest exhaust gas is discharged through an exhaust gas branch pipe (8);
when the temperature of the engine is higher than a preset first temperature limit of a reforming chamber and lower than a second temperature limit, and the pressure of the engine is higher than 8MPa and lower than 20MPa, the engine cylinder normally works at the moment, the control subsystem controls the exhaust gas control valve (7) to send 6-14% of exhaust gas into the external reformer 3, and the rest exhaust gas is discharged through an exhaust gas branch pipe (8);
when the temperature of the engine is higher than the preset second temperature limit of the reforming chamber and the pressure of the engine is higher than the preset 20MPa, the combustion in the engine cylinder is severe at the moment; the control subsystem controls the waste gas control valve (7) to send 15% of waste gas into the external reformer (3), and the rest of waste gas is discharged through a waste gas branch pipe (8).
4. The reformed gas control method of claim 3, wherein the reformer chamber first temperature limit is 500K and the reformer chamber second temperature limit is 1800K.
Priority Applications (1)
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CN202210912899.9A CN115306603B (en) | 2022-07-31 | 2022-07-31 | Fuel low-temperature reforming device and reformed gas control method thereof |
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CN202210912899.9A CN115306603B (en) | 2022-07-31 | 2022-07-31 | Fuel low-temperature reforming device and reformed gas control method thereof |
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CN115306603B CN115306603B (en) | 2023-12-22 |
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