CN115305349B - Reduce chain grate rotary kiln equipment that desulfurization denitration consumed - Google Patents
Reduce chain grate rotary kiln equipment that desulfurization denitration consumed Download PDFInfo
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- CN115305349B CN115305349B CN202211034805.9A CN202211034805A CN115305349B CN 115305349 B CN115305349 B CN 115305349B CN 202211034805 A CN202211034805 A CN 202211034805A CN 115305349 B CN115305349 B CN 115305349B
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- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 132
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 87
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 8
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 4
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 23
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 10
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000033764 rhythmic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/16—Sintering; Agglomerating
- C22B1/216—Sintering; Agglomerating in rotary furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/16—Sintering; Agglomerating
- C22B1/20—Sintering; Agglomerating in sintering machines with movable grates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/2406—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating pelletizing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/26—Cooling of roasted, sintered, or agglomerated ores
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D13/00—Apparatus for preheating charges; Arrangements for preheating charges
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/004—Systems for reclaiming waste heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/008—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases cleaning gases
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a grate rotary kiln device for reducing desulfurization and denitrification consumption, relates to the technical field of tail gas desulfurization and denitrification in the steel industry, and aims to solve the problem that raw fuel consumption is high in desulfurization and low-temperature SCR (selective catalytic reduction) denitration in the production process of pellets in the conventional grate rotary kiln. The equipment comprises a tail gas dust remover, a desulfurizing tower, a hot blast stove and a denitration tower which are connected in sequence, and a chain grate, a rotary kiln, a circular cooler, a vertical cooling kiln and a discharging component which are connected in sequence; the gas outlet of the desulfurizing tower is respectively connected with the gas inlet of the hot blast stove and the gas inlet of the vertical cold kiln, and the gas outlet of the vertical cold kiln is connected with the gas inlet of the hot blast stove. The equipment can be used for desulfurization and denitrification of the grate rotary kiln.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tail gas desulfurization and denitrification in the steel industry, in particular to a grate rotary kiln device for reducing desulfurization and denitrification consumption.
Background
The global blast furnace ironmaking yield in 2018 reaches 12.39 hundred million tons, wherein, the pig iron produced by the blast furnace in China is 7.71 hundred million tons, and the proportion is 62.2 percent. The blast furnace ironmaking process will maintain its monopoly status in China for a long time. About 70% of energy consumption and emission of iron and steel production are in the iron making and pre-iron working procedures, and currently, the blast furnace iron making in China is facing increasingly strict energy saving and environment protection pressures, in particular to the agglomeration process working procedure of blast furnace raw materials. The agglomeration technology of blast furnace burden in China at the present stage takes sintering as a main material and pellets as an auxiliary material. Compared with sinter production, pellet production has been considered to be more energy-efficient, land-draining, and pellet production is considered to be high in grade, particle size equalizing, strength good, metallurgical properties good, suitable for long-distance transportation, etc. With the increasing requirements of blast furnace ironmaking on burden structure, low carbon and environmental protection, pellets become a main raw material for blast furnace ironmaking.
At present, the tail gas desulfurization process in the rotary kiln pellet production process of the chain grate comprises an ammonia method, a dry method, a semi-dry method, an active carbon method and the like, the main modes of tail gas denitration comprise a medium-low temperature SCR method, an active carbon method, an oxidation method and the like, no matter what tail gas treatment process has certain desulfurization and denitration medium consumption and energy consumption in the desulfurization process, particularly the medium-low temperature SCR method, the denitration process is that after tail gas desulfurization and dust removal, the tail gas temperature is only 60-90 ℃, the temperature can be increased to 220 ℃ after GGH heat exchange, the denitration reaction temperature is generally controlled to 260 ℃, and steel and iron joint enterprises generally adopt a mode of burning blast furnace gas to supplement heat, and according to estimation, the whole national pellet SCR denitration and heat supplementing consumption blast furnace gas is about 70 hundred million cubic meters per year, and huge waste and carbon dioxide emission are brought.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the analysis, the invention aims to provide the grate rotary kiln equipment for reducing the desulfurization and denitration consumption, which is used for solving the problem of high consumption of raw fuel in desulfurization and denitration by a medium-low temperature SCR method in the production process of the conventional grate rotary kiln pellets.
The aim of the invention is mainly realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a grate machine rotary kiln device for reducing desulfurization and denitrification consumption, which comprises a tail gas dust remover, a desulfurization tower, a hot blast stove, a denitrification tower, a grate machine, a rotary kiln, a circular cooler, a vertical cooling kiln and a discharging component which are sequentially connected; the gas outlet of the desulfurizing tower is respectively connected with the gas inlet of the hot blast stove and the gas inlet of the vertical cold kiln, and the gas outlet of the vertical cold kiln is connected with the gas inlet of the hot blast stove.
Further, along the direction from the feed inlet to the discharge outlet, the cooling space in the ring cooler is divided into a first ring cooling section, a second ring cooling section and a third ring cooling section.
Further, the third stage of the annular cooling is not supplied with air.
Further, an air outlet of the chain grate is connected with an air inlet of the desulfurizing tower and an air inlet of the annular cooling second section through the tail gas dust remover respectively, and an air outlet of the annular cooling second section is connected with the air inlet of the chain grate.
Further, an air outlet of the tail gas dust remover is connected with an air inlet of the annular cooling second section through a heat-resistant fan.
Further, an air inlet of the annular cooling first section is connected with an air cooler, and an air outlet of the annular cooling first section is connected with the rotary kiln.
Further, an air outlet of the vertical cooling kiln is connected with an air inlet of the hot blast stove through a cyclone dust collector.
Further, the vertical cold kiln comprises a kiln body and a gate arranged in the kiln body, wherein the gate divides the space in the kiln body into a pre-storage chamber and a cooling chamber, and the pre-storage chamber is positioned above the cooling chamber.
Further, the number of the air inlets of the vertical cooling kiln is multiple, and the air inlets of the vertical cooling kiln are respectively arranged on the core part and the side wall of the vertical cooling kiln.
Further, a cold air component is arranged outside the discharge hole of the cooling chamber.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects:
a) According to the grate rotary kiln equipment for reducing desulfurization and denitrification consumption, the air outlet of the grate is respectively connected with the air inlet of the desulfurization tower and the air inlet of the annular cooling second section through the tail gas dust remover, tail gas generated by the grate is subjected to drying and dust removal, the tail gas after drying and dust removal is divided into two parts, one part of the tail gas enters the annular cooling second section to exchange heat with pellets in the annular cooling second section, the tail gas after heat exchange is circulated to the grate to preheat green pellets in the grate, on one hand, the consumption of desulfurizing agent is reduced by reducing the amount of the desulfurization tail gas, and meanwhile, the consumption of denitrification and ammonia spraying is also reduced, and on the other hand, the heat of the tail gas before desulfurization can be fully utilized for preheating the green pellets in the grate.
B) In the prior art, the annular cooling third section is adopted for cooling, the gas temperature at the gas outlet of the annular cooling third section can only reach 150-200 ℃, the temperature range is lower, the requirement for reuse is basically avoided, the grate rotary kiln equipment for reducing the desulfurization and denitration consumption provided by the invention is characterized in that the temperature of pellets discharged from the annular cooling second section is basically unchanged or smaller in the annular cooling third section (usually within 10 ℃, the pellet temperature is more than 400 ℃), the gas outlet of the desulfurizing tower is respectively connected with the gas inlet of the hot blast furnace and the gas inlet of the vertical cold kiln, the gas outlet of the vertical cold kiln is connected with the gas inlet of the hot blast furnace through the cyclone dust collector, the desulfurization tail gas is divided into two parts, one part of the desulfurization tail gas enters the vertical cold kiln, the two parts of the desulfurization tail gas and the pellet tail gas are subjected to heat exchange, the temperature of the desulfurization tail gas after the heat exchange can be increased to 300-350 ℃, the pellet tail gas after the heat exchange is mixed with the other part of the desulfurization tail gas and enters the hot blast furnace to the temperature required by denitration, the pellet ore after the heating enters the denitration tower to be subjected to denitration, the gas outlet of the desulfurizing tower is subjected to the denitration, the gas is heated by the kiln, the gas is preheated by the kiln, the power consumption of the air can be greatly reduced, and the power consumption of the air can be greatly reduced, compared with the air consumption of the air in addition, and the air consumption of the air conditioner is not required by the air, and compared with the air temperature of the air kiln, and the air consumption of the air is greatly reduced.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, like reference numerals being used to refer to like parts throughout the several views.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a grate kiln plant for reducing desulfurization and denitrification consumption;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a part of a grate kiln plant for reducing desulfurization and denitrification consumption provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a rotary sealing valve in a grate rotary kiln device for reducing desulfurization and denitrification consumption;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotary sealing valve and a return air ring in the grate rotary kiln equipment for reducing desulfurization and denitrification consumption.
Reference numerals:
1-a grate; 2-a rotary kiln; 3-ring cooling machine; 31-ring cooling the first section; 32-ring cooling the second section; 33-ring cooling the third section; 4-vertical cold kiln; 41-a pre-store; 42-a cooling chamber; 5-cyclone dust collector; 6-a tail gas dust remover; 7-a desulfurizing tower; 8-plate linkage machine; 81-link plates; 82-a discharge position conversion; 83-translation vehicle; 84-translating the slide rail; 9-wind deflector; 91-a fixing plate; 92-rotating plate; 10-return air ring; 11-hot blast stove; 12-a denitration tower; 13-a discharge assembly.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures, which form a part of the present invention and are used in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention.
The invention provides a grate rotary kiln device for reducing desulfurization and denitrification consumption, which is shown in fig. 1 to 5, and comprises a tail gas dust remover 6, a desulfurizing tower 7, a hot blast furnace 11, a denitrification tower 12 which are sequentially connected, a grate 1, a rotary kiln 2, a circular cooler 3, a vertical cold kiln 4 and a discharge assembly 13 which are sequentially connected, wherein a cooling space in the circular cooler 3 is divided into a circular cooling first section 31, a circular cooling second section 32 and a circular cooling third section 33 along the direction from a feed inlet to a discharge outlet, an air outlet of the circular cooling third section 33 is not supplied with air, an air outlet of the grate 1 is respectively connected with an air inlet of the desulfurizing tower 7 and an air inlet of the circular cooling second section 32 through the tail gas dust remover 6, an air outlet of the circular cooling first section 31 is connected with an air cooler, an air outlet of the circular cooling second section 32 is connected with the grate 1, an air outlet of the desulfurizing tower 7 is respectively connected with an air inlet of the hot blast furnace 11 and an air inlet of the vertical cold kiln 4, and an air outlet of the vertical cold kiln 4 is respectively connected with an air inlet of the circular dust remover 11.
In implementation, the desulfurization and denitrification method adopting the grate rotary kiln equipment comprises the following steps:
step 1: a vertical cooling kiln 4 is additionally arranged at the discharge port of the annular cooling machine 3 of the grate rotary kiln;
step 2: drying and humidifying the iron concentrate to prepare green pellets, wherein the moisture in the iron concentrate is not completely removed by drying in the step, and only the iron concentrate is humidified;
step 3: drying and preheating green pellets by adopting a grate machine 1, sintering by adopting a rotary kiln 2, and cooling by adopting a circular cooler 3 and a vertical cold kiln 4;
the air blown in by the annular cooling first section 31 exchanges heat with the pellets in the annular cooling first section 31, and the air after heat exchange enters the rotary kiln 2 to heat green pellets in the rotary kiln 2;
drying and dedusting the tail gas generated by the chain grate 1, wherein the tail gas after drying and dedusting is divided into two parts, one part of the tail gas enters the annular cooling second section 32 to exchange heat with green balls in the annular cooling second section 32, and the tail gas after heat exchange is circulated to the chain grate 1 to preheat the green balls in the chain grate 1; another part of tail gas enters a desulfurizing tower 7 for desulfurizing; the desulfurization tail gas is divided into two parts, one part of the desulfurization tail gas enters a vertical cold kiln 4 and exchanges heat with pellets in the vertical cold kiln 4, the desulfurization tail gas after heat exchange and the other part of the desulfurization tail gas are mixed and enter a hot blast stove 11 to be heated to the temperature required by denitration, and the heated desulfurization tail gas enters a denitration tower to be subjected to denitration;
step 5: the cooled pellets are fed to a discharge assembly 13.
Compared with the prior art, the grate rotary kiln equipment for reducing the desulfurization and denitrification consumption has the following beneficial effects:
the gas outlet of the chain grate 1 is respectively connected with the gas inlet of the desulfurizing tower 7 and the gas inlet of the annular cooling second section 32 through the tail gas dust remover 6, the tail gas generated by the chain grate 1 is dried and dedusted, the tail gas after drying and dedusting is divided into two parts, one part of the tail gas enters the annular cooling second section 32 and exchanges heat with pellets in the annular cooling second section 32, the tail gas after heat exchange circulates to the chain grate 1 to preheat green pellets in the chain grate 1, on one hand, the consumption of desulfurizing agent is reduced by reducing the amount of the desulfurizing tail gas, the consumption of denitration ammonia spraying is reduced, and on the other hand, the heat of the tail gas before desulfurization can be fully utilized for preheating the green pellets in the chain grate 1.
In the prior art, the annular cooling third section 33 is adopted for cooling, the gas temperature at the gas outlet of the annular cooling third section 33 can only reach 150-200 ℃, the temperature range is lower, the need for recycling is basically avoided, in the invention, the cooling fan of the annular cooling third section 33 is closed, pellets discharged from the annular cooling second section 32 are basically unchanged or smaller in temperature reduction range in the annular cooling third section 33 (usually within 10 ℃, the pellet temperature is above 400 ℃), the gas outlet of the desulfurizing tower 7 is respectively connected with the gas inlet of the hot blast furnace 11 and the gas inlet of the vertical cold kiln 4, the gas outlet of the vertical cold kiln 4 is connected with the gas inlet of the hot blast furnace 11 through the cyclone dust collector 5, the desulfurized tail gas is divided into two parts, one part of desulfurized tail gas enters the vertical cold kiln 4 and exchanges heat with pellet ore in the vertical cold kiln 4, the desulfurized tail gas temperature after heat exchange can be increased to 300-350 ℃, the pellet ore is mixed with the other part of desulfurized tail gas at the moment and enters the temperature required by denitration tower 11, the electric power consumption of the air kiln can be greatly reduced, the electric power consumption of the air cooler can be greatly reduced, and the power consumption of the air cooler can be greatly reduced.
The rotary kiln equipment of the chain grate is particularly suitable for rotary kilns with the yield of less than 120 ten thousand tons/year.
Illustratively, the ring cooled third section 33 has a normal cooling mode and an emergency cooling mode; the annular cooling third section 33 is in a normal cooling mode, a cooling fan for providing cooling air for the annular cooling third section 33 stops running, a discharge port of the vertical cooling kiln 4 is connected with the discharge assembly 13, and pellets sequentially pass through the annular cooling third section 33 and the vertical cooling kiln 4 and then enter the discharge assembly 13; the third annular cooling section 33 is in an emergency cooling mode, the third annular cooling section 33 is connected with a cooling fan for providing cooling air, the cooling fan for providing cooling air for the third annular cooling section is started, a discharge hole of the third annular cooling section 33 is connected with the discharge assembly 13, and pellets directly enter the discharge assembly 13 through the third annular cooling section. In this way, the annular cooling third section 33 has a normal cooling mode and an emergency cooling mode, so that the annular cooling third section 33 of the vertical kiln 4 and the annular cooler 3 can be used for cooling the pellets respectively, the sensible heat utilization efficiency of the pellets of the conventional grate rotary kiln can be effectively increased, the waste heat resources in the process can be recovered to the maximum extent, and the maximum utilization and the cascade utilization of energy sources can be realized. Specifically, on the one hand, in practical application, the energy consumption of the cooling fan of the annular cooling third section 33 of the annular cooler 3 is basically the same as that of the vertical cold kiln 4, and by stopping the cooling fan of the annular cooling third section 33 of the annular cooler 3, not only can the process energy consumption of the existing grate rotary kiln production be reduced, but also the pellet waste heat recovery amount can be increased, the pellet production power and gas consumption of the grate rotary kiln can be reduced, the energy sources can be saved, and the cost can be reduced. On the other hand, the rotary kiln equipment of the chain grate machine does not need to greatly change the existing production process and equipment, does not change the annular cooling equipment of the existing rotary kiln of the chain grate machine, is suitable for upgrading and reforming the existing system, and has the advantages of simple equipment structure and low reforming cost; meanwhile, when the vertical cold kiln 4 fails, the cooling can be switched to the third annular cooling section 33 of the annular cooler 3 in time, so that the production rhythm of the rotary kiln pellets of the chain grate is not disturbed basically.
Compared with the method of removing the annular cooler 3 and cooling and exchanging heat of the pellets in a vertical cooling mode, the method has the advantages that the vertical cooling kiln 4 is additionally arranged on the basis of almost not changing the existing production process and equipment, and the method can have a normal working mode and an emergency working mode at the same time, and has great engineering application value instead of the normal working mode and the emergency working mode.
In order to introduce the tail gas after drying and dedusting of the chain into the annular cooling second section 32, the air outlet of the tail gas deduster 6 is connected with the air inlet of the annular cooling second section 32 through a heat-resistant fan, the air volume of the tail gas entering the annular cooling second section 32 is equal to the air volume of heat exchange of an air cooler in the prior art, the heat-resistant temperature of the heat-resistant fan is more than 200 ℃, for example, 200-240 ℃, and it is required to be noted that in the prior art, the air inlet of the annular cooling second section 32 is usually connected with the air cooler, air is directly sucked, and the air inlet temperature is the outdoor air temperature.
The vertical cooling kiln 4 comprises a kiln body and a gate arranged in the kiln body, wherein the gate divides the space in the kiln body into a pre-storage chamber 41 and a cooling chamber 42, and the pre-storage chamber 41 is positioned above the cooling chamber 42. Thus, when entering the vertical kiln 4 from the annular cooler 3, the pellets are first pre-stored in the pre-storage 41, and the pre-storage 41 is cooled by periodically opening a gate at the bottom to drop the pellets from the pre-storage 41 into the cooling chamber 42.
In order to improve the cooling effect and the cooling uniformity in the vertical cold kiln 4, a plurality of air inlets of the vertical cold kiln 4 are arranged, the plurality of air inlets of the vertical cold kiln 4 are respectively arranged on the core part and the side wall of the vertical cold kiln 4, the plurality of air inlets simultaneously lead the vertical cold kiln 4 to be arranged on the core part and the periphery, and the tail gas volume is 750-1500 m 3 /t。
In order to reduce the amount of cold air leaking into the vertical cold kiln 4 when the pellets are discharged, a rotary sealing valve is arranged at the discharge port of the cooling chamber 42 of the vertical cold kiln 4, and for the structure of the rotary sealing valve, specifically, the rotary sealing valve comprises a plurality of wind shields 9, the wind shields 9 form an umbrella-shaped structure, the tip of the umbrella-shaped structure faces away from the direction of the vertical cold kiln 4, no gaps are reserved between two adjacent wind shields 9 and between the wind shields 9 and the inner wall of the vertical cold kiln 4, the wind shields 9 comprise a fixed plate 91 and a rotary plate 92, the fixed plate 91 is provided with an arc-shaped edge and a straight edge, the shape of the rotary plate 92 is triangular, the arc-shaped edge is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the vertical cold kiln 4, and the straight edge is pivoted with the rotary plate 92, so that when the pellets are discharged, the rotary plate 92 can rotate for a certain angle in the direction away from the vertical cold kiln 4 under the action of the pellets, and the rotary plate 92 can adjust the rotary angle in real time according to the discharge amount and discharge speed of the pellets, so that the gap between the pellets and the rotary plate 92 can be reduced when the pellets are discharged in the vertical cold kiln 4.
In order to further reduce the amount of cold air leaking into the vertical cold kiln 4 when the pellets are discharged from the cooling chamber 42, the discharge port of the vertical cold kiln 4 may be provided with a return air ring 10, the return air ring 10 is semi-circular in radial cross section, and the return air ring 10 is concave in the direction close to the vertical cold kiln 4, so that when the cold air leaks into the rotary kiln 2, the cold air can be blown into the return air ring 10, and the flowing direction of the cold air can be changed through the return air ring 10, so that the cold air flows in the direction far away from the vertical cold kiln 4, and the amount of the cold air leaking into the vertical cold kiln 4 when the pellets are discharged from the vertical cold kiln 4 can be further.
In order to prevent the burning-out of the chain plate 81 due to the excessive discharge temperature of the vertical kiln 4 in the event of accident, a standby cold air component is arranged outside the discharge port of the cooling chamber 42, and the air quantity is 200-400 m 3 And/t, thereby enabling the discharge temperature of the cooling chamber 42 to be controlled to 120 ℃ or less.
In order to convey pellets from the ring cooler 3 to the vertical kiln 4, a discharge port of the ring cooler 3 (i.e., a discharge port of the ring cooler 3 at the third ring cooling section 33) is connected with a feed port or a discharge assembly 13 of the vertical kiln 4 through a feed tank or a chain plate machine, and pellets discharged from the ring cooler 3 are conveyed to the vertical kiln 4 or the discharge assembly 13 through the feed tank or the chain plate machine for cooling and heat exchange.
For the structure of the chain plate machine 8, specifically, it includes a chain plate 81, a discharging position conversion member 82, a crane, a plurality of translation vehicles 83 and a plurality of translation sliding rails 84, one end of the chain plate 81 is connected with the discharging port of the ring cooler 3 (i.e. the discharging port of the ring cooler third section 33), the other end of the chain plate 81 is connected with the feeding port of one of the translation vehicles 83 through the discharging position conversion member 82 and can convert between the feeding ports of the plurality of translation vehicles 83, it is understood that the translation vehicles 83 are located below the discharging port of the discharging position conversion member 82, the translation vehicles 83 are in one-to-one correspondence with the translation sliding rails 84 and are in sliding connection with the translation sliding rails 84, one end of the translation sliding rail 84, which is close to the discharging position conversion member 82, is defined as the discharging end, the receiving ends of the plurality of translation sliding rails 84 are located below the discharging position conversion member 82, the discharging ends of the plurality of translation sliding rails 84 are intersected at one place, and the crane is located above the plurality of translation sliding rails 84.
Taking the number of the translation carriages 83 and the number of the translation sliding rails 84 as two as an example, that is, the chain plate machine 8 comprises a first translation carriage, a first translation sliding rail, a second translation carriage and a second translation sliding rail, the first translation carriage is in sliding connection with the first translation sliding rail, the first translation carriage is in sliding connection with the second translation sliding rail, during implementation, pellets are discharged from a discharge port of the annular cooler 3 onto the chain plate 81, the pellets are conveyed into the discharge position conversion member 82 through the chain plate 81, the discharge port of the discharge position conversion member 82 corresponds to the first translation carriage, the pellets are discharged into the first translation carriage, when the first translation carriage is full, the discharge position conversion member 82 rotates and corresponds to the discharge port to the second translation carriage, the pellets are discharged into a charging tank on the second translation carriage, meanwhile, the first translation carriage moves from a receiving end of the first translation sliding rail to a discharge end, the first translation carriage is lifted above a feed port of the vertical cooler 4 through a crane, the first translation carriage is discharged, and is reset to the receiving end of the first translation carriage, and the pellet is not fully loaded; when the buckets on the second translation carriage are full, the discharge position switching member 82 rotates and corresponds the discharge port to the first translation carriage, and the buckets on the first translation carriage are reworked.
By adopting the chain plate machine 8 with the structure, the continuous conveying of pellets from the annular cooler 3 to the vertical cold kiln 4 can be realized, so that the conveying efficiency can be effectively improved.
To the structure of the discharge position conversion member 82, specifically, it includes a rotation shaft, a feeding chamber and a discharge pipe, one end of the feeding chamber is connected with the link plate 81, the other end of the feeding chamber is connected with one end of the discharge pipe, the other end of the discharge end is located above one of the translation vehicles 83, and the feeding chamber is rotationally connected with a mounting surface (e.g., the ground) through the rotation shaft, so that conversion of the position of the discharge pipe can be realized.
It should be noted that, when the annular cooling third section 33 is in the emergency cooling mode, the annular cooling third section 33 is connected to a cooling fan for providing cooling air, the discharge port of the annular cooling third section 33 is connected to the discharge assembly 13, and pellets directly enter the discharge assembly 13 through the third section without passing through the shaft kiln 4, the discharge assembly 13 is also located below the discharge position switching member 82, and the discharge ports of the discharge position switching member 82 are switched between the feed ports of the plurality of translation carriages 83 and the discharge assembly 13.
Example 1
Taking a 120 ten thousand tons/year grate rotary kiln as an example of a certain factory, at present, a circular cooler is used for three-stage cooling, and hot air directly enters the rotary kiln after heat exchange with pellets in the first stage; the cold air extracted from the second section of the annular cooler exchanges heat with the pellets and then enters a chain grate to preheat the pellets, and the air quantity is 60000m 3 /h; the pellets enter a third section of a circular cooler and are cooled by cold air pumped from the third section of the circular cooler at 420-450 ℃, the temperature of tail gas after cooling is 150-200 ℃, and the tail gas is directly discharged, and the air quantity is about 100000m 3 /h。
Vertical cooling design parameters:
the design of the vertical cooler calculates according to the highest daily output, and the maximum processing ore quantity of the pellet ore entering the vertical cooler is 150t/h.
Height 21m
Maximum diameter of 7.5m
Pellet inlet temperature: 450 DEG C
Pellet outlet temperature: 120 DEG C
The number of air inlets: 2 pieces of
Number of hood in kiln: 7 pieces of
Vibration discharger number: 6 pieces of
Discharging facilities: vibration discharger with feeding capacity of 55m 3 /h
A heat-resistant belt: the conveying capacity is 150t/h
Boost cooling fan: 90000Nm 3 /h
Blowing temperature: 105 DEG C
Wind pressure: 5500Pa
Fan power: 400kW
Standby cooling fan: 35000Nm 3 /h
Blowing temperature: 20 DEG C
Wind pressure: 5000Pa
Fan power: 90kW
The implementation effect is that after energy-saving transformation through sensible heat recovery, the tail gas before desulfurization after being introduced into a grate machine for drying and dust removal enters a second section of a circular cooler to exchange heat with pellets, which is equivalent to 60000Nm 3 The/h cold air is lifted to 140 ℃ and hot air enters the grate, so that the heat energy is saved by about 2600KW, and the reduction is one tenth at the same timeMore than one desulfurization flue gas amount. The heating quantity of the smoke furnace with the heating quantity of more than 6000KW is reduced by heat exchange of the tail gas before denitration and the pellet ore in the vertical cold kiln, which is equivalent to about 6000Nm of the smoke furnace 3 The gas consumption of the blast furnace/h, and the gas consumption of the two total year saving systems is equal to 6880 ten thousand Nm 3 The energy-saving effect is remarkable, and the consumption of desulfurized lime and denitrated ammonia is reduced by one tenth.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The grate rotary kiln equipment for reducing desulfurization and denitrification consumption is characterized by comprising a tail gas dust remover, a desulfurization tower, a hot blast stove and a denitrification tower which are sequentially connected, and a grate, a rotary kiln, a circular cooler, a vertical cooling kiln and a discharge assembly which are sequentially connected;
the air outlet of the desulfurizing tower is respectively connected with the air inlet of the hot blast stove and the air inlet of the vertical cold kiln, and the air outlet of the vertical cold kiln is connected with the air inlet of the hot blast stove;
the vertical cold kiln comprises a kiln body and a gate arranged in the kiln body, wherein the gate divides the space in the kiln body into a pre-storage chamber and a cooling chamber;
the rotary sealing valve comprises a plurality of wind shields, the wind shields form an umbrella-shaped structure, the tip of the umbrella-shaped structure faces away from the direction of the vertical cold kiln, no gap exists between two adjacent wind shields and between the wind shields and the inner wall of the vertical cold kiln, the wind shields comprise a fixed plate and a rotating plate, the fixed plate is provided with an arc-shaped edge and a straight edge, the rotating plate is triangular, the arc-shaped edge is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the vertical cold kiln, and the straight edge is pivoted with the rotating plate; when the pellets are discharged, the rotating plate rotates in a direction away from the vertical cold kiln under the action of the pellets, and the rotating plate adjusts a rotating angle according to the discharge amount and the discharge speed of the pellets;
the discharge hole of the vertical cold kiln is provided with a return air ring, the radial cross section of the return air ring is semicircular, the return air ring is inwards concave in the direction close to the vertical cold kiln, and when cold air leaks into the rotary kiln, the cold air is blown into the return air ring, and the flowing direction of the cold air is changed through the return air ring, so that the cold air flows in the direction far away from the vertical cold kiln;
the discharge port of the annular cooler is connected with the feed port or the discharge component of the vertical cooling kiln through a chain plate machine;
the chain plate machine comprises a chain plate, a discharging position conversion part, a lifting machine, a plurality of translation vehicles and a plurality of translation sliding rails, wherein one end of the chain plate is connected with a discharging hole of the ring cooler, the other end of the chain plate is connected with a feeding hole of one translation vehicle through the discharging position conversion part and can be converted between the feeding holes of the plurality of translation vehicles, the translation vehicles are positioned below the discharging holes of the discharging position conversion part, the translation vehicles are in one-to-one correspondence with the translation sliding rails and are in sliding connection with the translation sliding rails, the receiving ends of the plurality of translation sliding rails are positioned below the discharging position conversion part, the discharging ends of the plurality of translation sliding rails are intersected at one position, and the lifting machine is positioned above the intersection points of the plurality of translation sliding rails;
the discharging position conversion piece comprises a rotating shaft, a feeding cavity and a discharging pipe, one end of the feeding cavity is connected with the chain plate, the other end of the feeding cavity is connected with one end of the discharging pipe, the other end of the discharging end is located above one of the translation vehicles, and the feeding cavity is rotationally connected with the mounting surface through the rotating shaft.
2. The grate rotary kiln plant for reducing desulfurization and denitrification consumption according to claim 1, wherein the cooling space in the annular cooler is divided into an annular cooling first section, an annular cooling second section and an annular cooling third section along the direction from the feed inlet to the discharge outlet.
3. The grate kiln plant for reducing sulfur and nitrogen removal consumption of claim 2 wherein said third stage of annular cooling is not supplied with air.
4. The rotary kiln plant for a chain grate for reducing desulfurization and denitrification consumption according to claim 2, wherein the air outlet of the chain grate is connected with the air inlet of the desulfurizing tower and the air inlet of the second section of the circular cooling through a tail gas dust remover, and the air outlet of the second section of the circular cooling is connected with the air inlet of the chain grate.
5. The grate kiln plant for reducing sulfur and nitrogen removal consumption of claim 4 wherein the exhaust dust collector has an air outlet connected to the air inlet of the second stage of the annular cooling by a heat resistant fan.
6. The grate rotary kiln plant for reducing sulfur and nitrogen removal consumption according to claim 2, wherein the air inlet of the first section of the annular cooler is connected with an air cooler, and the air outlet of the first section of the annular cooler is connected with the rotary kiln.
7. The grate kiln plant for reducing desulfurization and denitrification consumption according to claim 1, wherein the air outlet of the vertical cold kiln is connected with the air inlet of the hot blast stove through a cyclone dust collector.
8. The grate kiln plant for reducing desulfurization and denitrification consumption according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the pre-chamber is located above the cooling chamber.
9. The grate kiln plant for reducing sulfur and nitrogen removal costs of claim 8 wherein said plurality of air inlets of said vertical kiln are disposed in a core and side walls of said vertical kiln, respectively.
10. The grate rotary kiln plant for reducing desulfurization and denitrification consumption according to claim 8, wherein a cold air component is arranged outside a discharge port of the cooling chamber.
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| CN114413641A (en) * | 2022-01-29 | 2022-04-29 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Pellet flue gas circulation and waste heat utilization process and system thereof |
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| US3883294A (en) * | 1972-11-15 | 1975-05-13 | Polysius Ag | Heat treating apparatus |
| CN108827005A (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2018-11-16 | 东北大学 | A kind of sinter waste heat recycles perpendicular tank and boiler integrated apparatus |
| CN109136545A (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2019-01-04 | 中冶长天国际工程有限责任公司 | A kind of low NO of grate-kiln pelletizingxProduction technology and its system |
| CN209854219U (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2019-12-27 | 中冶长天国际工程有限责任公司 | Grate-rotary kiln pellet low NOx emission system |
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