CN115304078B - A kind of preparation method of molecular sieve and its application - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses a preparation method and application of a molecular sieve, comprising the following steps: a) Dropwise adding a silicon source into a mixed solution containing an aluminum source, a doped heterologous element source and an alkaline substance, stirring, standing and aging to obtain a gel-like substance; b) Crystallizing the gel-like substance in a closed container, filtering, and drying to obtain a NaMY-M molecular sieve; the doping heterologous element source is selected from a gallium source or a boron source; wherein, the NaMY molecular sieve, M is doping hetero element source. The method adopts a template-free and guiding agent-free method, and adopts one-step hydrothermal synthesis to prepare the framework-doped Y-type molecular sieve, so that the synthesis method is simple, green and environment-friendly, shortens the synthesis time, reduces influencing factors on a synthesis route, and improves the synthesis efficiency. The molecular sieve is used as a catalyst carrier in the indirect and dimethyl carbonate formation of methanol gas phase oxidative carbonylation, so that the conversion rate of carbon monoxide and the yield of the dimethyl carbonate in the reaction are improved.

Description

A kind of preparation method of molecular sieve and its application

Technical field

The present application relates to a preparation method of molecular sieve and its application, belonging to the field of catalysis technology.

Background technique

Dimethyl carbonate (DMC) is an environmentally friendly, green organic compound that has a wide range of uses and good application prospects in the chemical industry. Because the DMC molecule has various groups such as methoxy, carbonyl, and carbonyl methyl, , so its chemical properties are extremely active. DMC has low toxicity and can be used as a carbonylation and methylation reagent to replace toxic phosgene and dimethyl sulfate. DMC also has a high oxygen content and rapid biodegradability, which makes it a promising oil additive. Not only that, DMC can also be used as an electrolyte for lithium-ion batteries, and it is also a commonly used monomer in the production of polycarbonate. It can be seen that the market prospect of DMC is very broad. Among the many synthesis methods, the methanol gas phase oxidative carbonylation indirect method is considered by researchers to be one of the most promising process routes due to its mild process conditions, low cost, and high atomic efficiency.

Palladium-based catalysts are commonly used catalysts in the indirect reaction of methanol gas-phase oxidative carbonylation. According to whether they contain chlorine, they can be divided into chlorine-containing systems and chlorine-free systems. Although chlorine-containing system catalysts have higher activity and selectivity in the early stages of the reaction, However, as time goes by, the loss of chloride ions causes the reaction activity to decrease. Therefore, hydrogen chloride gas needs to be added to the system to maintain the stability of the reaction, and the loss of chloride ions will cause corrosion to the reaction equipment, thereby increasing the Cost of production. In recent years, because the chlorine-free system has better stability and the chlorine-free system completely avoids the problem of equipment corrosion, it has attracted a large number of scientific researchers to explore and study chlorine-free system catalysts. However, its reactivity is far from the It is not as good as the chlorine system, so for this reaction, it is crucial to improve the activity and selectivity of the chlorine-free system catalyst.

The chlorine-free system catalyst carrier is mainly based on Y molecular sieve system. Y molecular sieve is a solid acid material with a twelve-membered ring three-dimensional channel structure. It is composed of hexagonal prism cage, sodalite cage and super cage. Due to its unique Pore structure and ion exchange characteristics have important applications in the fields of gas separation and catalysis. Currently, hydrothermal synthesis is commonly used in industry to synthesize Y-type molecular sieves. In the process of hydrothermal synthesis, the silica-alumina gel is depolymerized under a certain temperature, pressure and mineralizer to generate "nutrients" required for the growth of molecular sieves. After a certain reaction time, molecular sieve crystals are generated. The type of molecular sieve generated is related to the composition of the silica-alumina gel and the reaction conditions.

In order to improve the activity and selectivity of chlorine-free molecular sieve system catalysts, in the past few decades, researchers have conducted a lot of research on chlorine-free system catalysts using molecular sieves as carriers. In 1997, Japanese UBE Company first used NaY molecular sieves as carriers. When used in the indirect reaction of methanol gas-phase oxidative carbonylation, the catalyst using NaY as a carrier has good stability, but its activity is very low. The space-time yield of DMC is only 200g/(L _cat-1 ·h). Tianjin University doped NaY molecular sieve with potassium in the form of liquid ion exchange and used it as a carrier to prepare a catalyst and applied it in this reaction. The synergistic effect of potassium and palladium was used to improve the catalytic performance. Although the catalytic performance has been improved to a certain extent, its space and time limitations The yield is still low, 696g/(L _cat-1 ·h). At present, the application of Y molecular sieves is mostly limited to commercial molecular sieves. However, the process of self-synthesizing skeleton-doped molecular sieves is complicated and often uses template agents and directing agent methods. Template agents can cause certain pollution to the environment and are contrary to the concept of green synthesis; guiding agents The synthesis steps are complicated and there are many factors that affect the synthesis. The strategy of regulating the acidity of the carrier by doping the skeleton with foreign elements and applying it to the indirect reaction of methanol gas-phase oxidative carbonylation has not been reported yet.

In summary, it is very promising to develop a Y-type molecular sieve synthesis route with in-situ skeleton doping with foreign elements, simple synthesis method, and adjustable acidity, and use the Y-type molecular sieve as a carrier in the indirect reaction of methanol gas-phase oxidative carbonylation. important meaning and value.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the shortcomings and shortcomings of the existing in-situ skeleton-doped Y-type molecular sieve synthesis route, the synthesis route provided by the invention adopts a template-free and directing-agent-free method to synthesize a Y-type molecular sieve with a skeleton doped with foreign elements in one step. It is simple, green and environmentally friendly and shortens the synthesis time, reduces the influencing factors on the synthesis route, improves the synthesis efficiency, and is used as a carrier in the catalyst for the indirect reaction of methanol gas phase oxidative carbonylation.

According to one aspect of the present application, a preparation method of molecular sieve is provided, including the following steps:

a) Add the silicon source dropwise to the mixed solution containing the aluminum source, the doped foreign element source, and the alkaline substance, stir, and let it stand for aging to obtain a gel-like substance;

b) Crystallize the gel-like substance in a closed container, filter with suction, and dry to obtain NaMY type molecular sieve;

The doping metal source is selected from a gallium source or a boron source;

Wherein, in the NaMY type molecular sieve, M is a foreign element doped with a foreign element source.

Optionally, the aluminum source is selected from at least one of sodium aluminate, aluminum nitrate, and aluminum sulfate.

Optionally, the silicon source is selected from at least one of kaolin, silica sol, sodium silicate, and tetraethyl orthosilicate.

Optionally, the gallium source is selected from at least one of gallium nitrate, gallium sulfate, and gallium hydroxide.

Optionally, the boron source is selected from sodium metaborate.

Optionally, the alkaline substance is selected from at least one of sodium hydroxide and ammonia water.

Optionally, the molar ratio of (Al ₂ O ₃ +Ga ₂ O ₃ /B ₂ O ₃ ): Na ₂ O: SiO ₂ : H ₂ O in the gel-like substance is 1: (10～14): (8～16): (300～600), wherein the number of moles of the aluminum source, the doped foreign element source, the alkaline substance and the silicon source are respectively calculated as the number of moles of the oxide of the metal element, and the (Al ₂ O ₃ +Ga ₂ O ₃ /B ₂ O ₃ ) is expressed as the total number of moles of Al ₂ O ₃ and Ga ₂ O ₃ or the total number of moles of Al ₂ O ₃ and B ₂ O ₃ .

Optionally, the molar ratio of the aluminum source to the doped foreign element source is 1: (0.25-5), based on the molar amount of the aluminum element and the doped foreign element.

Optionally, the molar ratio of the aluminum source to the doped foreign element source is selected from any ratio among 1:0.25, 1:0.5, 1:1, 1:1.5, 1:2, 1:3, and 1:5. Or a range of values between two ratios.

Optionally, the molar ratio of the aluminum source to the doped foreign element source is 1: (0.25~3).

Optionally, the stirring time is 30 to 180 minutes.

Optionally, the stirring time is selected from any value among 30 min, 60 min, 90 min, 120 min, 180 min or a range value between the two values.

Optionally, the stirring time is 60 to 120 minutes.

Optionally, the static aging temperature is 20-65°C, and the static aging time is 8-48 hours.

Optionally, the static aging temperature is selected from any value among 20°C, 30°C, 45°C, 50°C, 65°C or a range between the two values.

Optionally, the static aging time is selected from any value among 8h, 15h, 24h, 28h, 48h or a range value between the two values.

Optionally, the standing aging time is 12 to 28 hours.

Optionally, the crystallization temperature is 80-120°C, and the crystallization time is 8-48 hours.

Optionally, the crystallization temperature is selected from any value among 80°C, 90°C, 100°C, 110°C, 120°C or a range between the two values.

Optionally, the crystallization time is selected from any value among 8h, 12h, 24h, 30h, 48h or a range value between the two values.

Optionally, the crystallization time is 12 to 30 hours.

Optionally, the drying temperature is 80-120°C, and the drying time is 6-18 hours.

Optionally, the drying temperature is selected from any value among 80°C, 90°C, 100°C, 110°C, 120°C or a range between the two values.

Optionally, the drying time is selected from any value among 6h, 8h, 12h, 16h, 18h or a range value between the two values.

According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided an application of the molecular sieve obtained based on the above preparation method in the indirect synthesis of dimethyl carbonate by gas phase oxidative carbonylation.

The specific application mode of the molecular sieve is as follows: used as a carrier in the gas phase oxidative carbonylation indirect synthesis of dimethyl carbonate catalyst;

The catalyst includes a molecular sieve, an active component and an auxiliary component, and the active component and auxiliary component are loaded on the molecular sieve;

The active component is active metal element palladium, and the auxiliary component is auxiliary metal element copper.

Optionally, the active component accounts for 0.5 to 5 wt% of the mass percentage of the catalyst.

Optionally, the active component accounts for any value among 0.5wt%, 1wt%, 3wt%, 4wt%, 5wt% of the catalyst mass percentage or a range between the two values.

Optionally, the active component accounts for 0.5 to 3% of the mass percentage of the catalyst.

Optionally, the auxiliary component accounts for 0.5 to 5 wt% of the mass percentage of the catalyst.

Optionally, the auxiliary component accounts for any value among 0.5wt%, 1wt%, 3wt%, 4wt%, 5wt% of the catalyst mass percentage or a range between the two values.

Optionally, the auxiliary component accounts for 0.5 to 3% of the mass percentage of the catalyst.

As a specific implementation method, the preparation process of the catalyst applied to the indirect synthesis of dimethyl carbonate by methanol gas-phase oxidative carbonylation is as follows:

A. Dissolve the aluminum source, gallium source or boron source in deionized water, and then add the alkaline substance to it. After it is completely dissolved, slowly add the silicon source to the solution under stirring conditions, and then continue stirring for 30 -180min, preferably 60-120min, let stand for 8-48h, preferably 12-28h, aging temperature is 20-65℃, preferably 30-40℃, form a gel, transfer it to a hydrothermal kettle Among them, the crystallization time is 8-48h, preferably 12-30h, and the crystallization temperature is 80-120°C.

In the above gel, the Na element is expressed in the form of Na ₂ O, the Al element is expressed in the form of Al ₂ O ₃ , the Si element is expressed in the form of SiO ₂ , and the Ga and B elements are expressed in the form of Ga ₂ O ₃ and B Expressed in the form of ₂ O ₃ , the molar ratio of (Al ₂ O ₃ +Ga ₂ O ₃ /B ₂ O ₃ ), Na ₂ O, SiO ₂ and H ₂ O in the gel is 1:10-14:8 -16:300-600, in which the ratio of gallium/boron source to aluminum source is 0.25-5, and the preferred range is 0.25-3.

The aluminum source can be one or more of sodium aluminate, aluminum nitrate, and aluminum sulfate; the silicon source can be one or more of kaolin, silica sol, sodium silicate, and tetraethyl orthosilicate; gallium The source can be one or more of gallium nitrate, gallium sulfate, and gallium hydroxide; the boron source can be sodium metaborate; the alkaline substance can be one or more of sodium hydroxide and ammonia.

B. Carry out suction filtration, washing and drying of the crystallized material. The drying time is 6-15h, preferably 8-12h. After drying, NaMY-x type molecular sieve is obtained (x is the mole of doping element and aluminum Ratio; M is other doped elements: B, Ga).

C. Load the active components on the obtained NaMY-x molecular sieve, and use the ion exchange ammonia steaming method to prepare a catalyst for the gas phase oxidative carbonylation reaction of methanol. The specific preparation method is as follows:

C-1: Soak the NaMY-x molecular sieve in sodium hydroxide solution for 12 to 48 hours, dry and set aside;

C-2: Adjust the pH of the mixed solution containing palladium salt and copper salt to 8-13 with ammonia water and dilute hydrochloric acid;

C-3: At 30°C, add the molecular sieve prepared in C-1 to the mixed solution prepared in C-2, stir magnetically at 200-500r/min for 3-5 hours, so that the metal cations in the mixed solution and the carrier The cations in are fully exchanged;

C-4: Evaporate the ammonia in the ion-exchanged solution in C-3 at a constant temperature of 70 to 90°C until the pH is neutral, filter, wash with water, and then dry at 100 to 110°C for 5 to 7 hours. A palladium-based catalyst is obtained. The chemical formula of this palladium-based catalyst is PdCuNaMY-x (M is other doped elements: B, Ga, x is the molar ratio of doping elements to aluminum), where Pd is an active metal, Cu is an auxiliary, NaMY- x is the carrier; Pd accounts for 0.5 to 5 wt% of the catalyst mass, preferably 0.5 to 3%; Cu accounts for 0.5 to 5 wt% of the catalyst mass, preferably 0.5 to 3%. The catalyst using the present invention as a carrier not only improves the conversion rate of carbon monoxide, but also significantly improves the space-time yield.

The beneficial effects this application can produce include:

1) The preparation method provided in this application adopts a template-free and guide-agent-free method to synthesize a Y-type molecular sieve with a skeleton doped with foreign elements in one step. The method is simple, green and environmentally friendly, shortens the synthesis time, and reduces the number of steps on the synthesis route. influencing factors.

2) The Y-type molecular sieve provided in this application is used as a catalyst for the indirect synthesis of dimethyl carbonate by the gas-phase oxidative carbonylation of methanol. Because the Y-type molecular sieve introduces the difference between the electronegativity of the doping element and aluminum to adjust the acidity of the carrier, the Pd It is more likely to be in the oxidation state, promote the activation of CO, improve the CO conversion rate and the yield of dimethyl carbonate in the reaction, and is not easily reduced by the reaction gas to form zero-valent palladium and deactivated, resulting in a decrease in activity.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is the XRD spectrum of the molecular sieves of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Example 1 of the present application;

Figure 2 is the XRD spectrum of the molecular sieves of Examples 5 to 8 of the present application and Comparative Example 1;

Figure 3 is the infrared spectrum of the framework-doped gallium and boron molecular sieves of the present application and the comparative example molecular sieves.

Detailed ways

The present application will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but the present application is not limited to these examples.

Unless otherwise stated, the raw materials in the examples of this application were purchased through commercial channels.

The analysis methods in the examples of this application are as follows:

The XRD spectrum of the molecular sieve was obtained using a Rigaku MiniFlexII X-ray powder diffractometer;

The infrared spectrum of the molecular sieve was obtained using Bruker Vertex70 FT-IR.

In the examples of this application, the CO conversion rate and dimethyl carbonate space-time yield are calculated as follows:

In the examples of this application, the CO conversion rate and the space-time yield of dimethyl carbonate are calculated based on the number of carbon moles.

Example 1

Weigh 13.61g sodium hydroxide, 1.40g sodium metaaluminate, and 2.18g gallium nitrate and dissolve them into 76.53g deionized water. After they are completely dissolved, add 55.54g silica sol drop by drop while stirring. After the dripping is completed, , stir for 2 hours, let stand for aging at 35°C for 28 hours, transfer the mixed gel-like liquid obtained at this time to a hydrothermal kettle, heat at 100°C for 12 hours, filter, wash, and dry at 120°C for 6 hours. That is, the molecular sieve NaGaY-0.5 is obtained (the theoretical molar ratio of gallium to aluminum in the molecular sieve is 0.5).

Example 2

Weigh 13.78g sodium hydroxide, 1.05g sodium metaaluminate, and 5.48g gallium sulfate and dissolve them in 76.50g deionized water. After they are completely dissolved, add 51.89g sodium silicate. After they are mixed evenly, stir for 2 hours. Aging for 24 hours at 36°C, the mixed gel-like liquid obtained at this time is transferred to a hydrothermal kettle, heated at 100°C for 12 hours, filtered, washed, and dried at 100°C for 8 hours to obtain the molecular sieve NaGaY- 1.0 (the theoretical molar ratio of gallium to aluminum in molecular sieves is 1.0).

Example 3

Weigh 12.15g ammonia, 3.51g aluminum sulfate, and 3.93g gallium nitrate and dissolve them into 76.47g deionized water. After they are completely dissolved, add 48.85g tetraethyl orthosilicate dropwise while stirring. After the dripping is completed, , stir for 2 hours, and let stand for aging at 30°C for 24 hours. Transfer the mixed gel-like liquid obtained at this time to a hydrothermal kettle, heat at 100°C for 12 hours, filter, wash, and dry at 80°C for 9 hours. That is, the molecular sieve NaGaY-1.5 is obtained (the theoretical molar ratio of gallium and aluminum in the molecular sieve is 1.5).

Example 4

Weigh 13.95g sodium hydroxide, 1.82g aluminum nitrate, and 2.06g gallium hydroxide and dissolve them into 76.45g deionized water. After they are completely dissolved, add 55.54g silica sol drop by drop while stirring. After the dripping is completed, Stir for 2 hours, let stand for aging at 36°C for 20 hours, transfer the mixed gel-like liquid obtained at this time to a hydrothermal kettle, heat at 100°C for 12 hours, filter, wash, and dry at 120°C for 14 hours, that is The molecular sieve NaGaY-2.0 was obtained (the theoretical molar ratio of gallium to aluminum in the molecular sieve is 2.0).

Example 5

Weigh 11.23g sodium hydroxide, 1.68g sodium metaaluminate, and 0.56g sodium metaborate and dissolve them into 76.23g deionized water. After they are completely dissolved, add 55.54g silica sol drop by drop while stirring until the addition is completed. Afterwards, stir for 2 hours, let stand for aging at 34°C for 15 hours, transfer the mixed gel-like liquid obtained at this time to a hydrothermal kettle, heat at 100°C for 12 hours, suction filter, wash, and dry at 120°C for 6 hours. , that is, the molecular sieve NaBY-0.25 is obtained (the theoretical molar ratio of boron and aluminum in the molecular sieve is 0.25).

Example 6

Weigh 11.23g sodium hydroxide, 5.84g aluminum sulfate, and 0.87g sodium metaborate and dissolve it into 76.77g deionized water. After it is completely dissolved, add 48.85g tetraethyl orthosilicate drop by drop while stirring. Wait until it drips. After the addition is completed, stir for 2 hours and let stand for 12 hours at 32°C. Transfer the mixed gel-like liquid obtained at this time to a hydrothermal kettle, heat it at 100°C for 12 hours, suction filter, wash, and dry at 100°C. After drying for 9 hours, the molecular sieve NaBY-0.5 is obtained (the theoretical molar ratio of boron and aluminum in the molecular sieve is 0.5).

Example 7

Weigh 11.23g sodium hydroxide, 3.12g aluminum nitrate, and 1.20g sodium metaborate and dissolve them into 76.68g deionized water. After they are completely dissolved, add 55.54g silica sol drop by drop while stirring. After the dripping is completed, Stir for 2 hours, let stand for 24 hours at 30°C, transfer the mixed gel-like liquid obtained at this time to a hydrothermal kettle, heat at 100°C for 12 hours, filter, wash, and dry at 120°C for 6 hours, that is The molecular sieve NaBY-0.75 was obtained (the theoretical molar ratio of boron and aluminum in the molecular sieve is 0.75).

Example 8

Weigh 11.23g sodium hydroxide, 1.04g sodium metaaluminate, and 1.30g sodium metaborate and dissolve them into 76.63g deionized water. After they are completely dissolved, add 55.54g silica sol drop by drop while stirring until the addition is completed. Afterwards, stir for 2 hours, and let stand for aging at 30°C for 24 hours. Transfer the mixed gel-like liquid obtained at this time to a hydrothermal kettle, heat at 100°C for 12 hours, suction filter, wash, and dry at 80°C for 10 hours. , that is, the molecular sieve NaBY-1.0 is obtained (the theoretical molar ratio of boron and aluminum in the molecular sieve is 1.0).

Comparative example 1

Weigh 11.60g ammonia water and 2.09g sodium metaaluminate and dissolve them into 76.52g deionized water. After they are completely dissolved, add 55.54g silica sol dropwise while stirring. After the dripping is completed, stir for 2 hours and incubate at 30°C. Let it stand for aging for 24 hours. Transfer the mixed gel-like liquid obtained at this time to a hydrothermal kettle, heat it at 100°C for 12 hours, filter, wash, and dry at 100°C for 7 hours to obtain the molecular sieve NaY.

Comparative example 2

Weigh 13.61g sodium hydroxide, 2.18g sodium metaaluminate, 3.98g gallium nitrate, and 55.54g silica sol and dissolve them in 76.53g deionized water, stir for 2 hours, and let stand for 28 hours at 35°C. The mixed sol-like liquid was transferred to a hydrothermal kettle, heated at 100°C for 12 hours, filtered, washed, and dried at 120°C for 6 hours to obtain molecular sieve NaGaY-0.5.

Application examples

The ten samples of Examples 1 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were used as carriers, and the active metal Pd ²⁺ and the additive Cu ²⁺ were loaded using the ion exchange method to prepare a catalyst for the indirect reaction of methanol gas phase oxidative carbonylation. , the specific operation is to dissolve 0.0385g copper nitrate in 10ml deionized water, after it is dissolved, add 102 microliters of palladium nitrate solution dropwise, and after mixing evenly, add 1ml of 28% concentrated ammonia solution dropwise, and continue stirring for 0.5h. Obtain a mixed solution of palladium and cupric ammonia; weigh 1g of the carrier into the mixed solution of palladium and cupric ammonia, stir at room temperature for 6 hours, filter with suction, and dry in a 100°C oven overnight to obtain a catalyst precursor.

The above catalyst precursor was calcined in a muffle furnace at 200°C for 4 hours to obtain the corresponding catalyst. Use ICP to test the content of active palladium and additive copper in the catalyst. The results are shown in Table 1.

The roasted catalyst was pulverized and sieved, and catalyst particles with a particle size of 20 mesh were screened out for the following activity characterization experiments.

Catalyst activity test experiment: In a gas-solid phase fixed bed reactor, 200 mg of the above catalyst particles are loaded into the middle of the reaction tube. The reaction temperature is 120°C, the space velocity is 3600h ^-1 , and the reaction is performed under normal pressure; the raw material compositions are: CO 1.5ml/min; CH ₃ ONO is 5.0ml/min; N ₂ is 5.5ml/min; the reactants react on the catalyst surface to generate reactants containing dimethyl carbonate. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

Table 1

It can be seen from Table 1 that the conversion rate of CO is 57% to 70%, and the space-time yield of dimethyl carbonate is 1065 to 1500g·kg ^-1 _cat h ^-1 . At the same time, it can also be seen that the use of molecular sieves doped with different metal elements effectively improves the conversion rate of CO and the space-time yield of dimethyl carbonate.

It can be seen from Figures 1 and 2 that the peaks of the molecular sieve synthesized by the present invention and the standard card are compared in the spectrum. After the introduction of gallium and boron to replace the position of the framework aluminum, the framework structure of the NaY molecular sieve is not destroyed, and the structure of the NaY molecular sieve is maintained. Crystal form. And from Figure 1, we can find that the order of adding silica gel plays a very important role in the synthesis of molecular sieves.

From the infrared spectrum in Figure 3, it can be seen that the shift of the infrared vibration peak proves that gallium and boron are introduced into the molecular sieve framework.

The above are only a few embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application in any way. Although the present application is disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, they are not intended to limit the present application. Any skilled person familiar with this field, Without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this application, slight changes or modifications made using the technical content disclosed above are equivalent to equivalent implementation examples and fall within the scope of the technical solution.

Claims (14)

1. A method for the indirect synthesis of dimethyl carbonate by methanol gas-phase oxidative carbonylation, characterized in that molecular sieve is used as a catalyst carrier in the indirect synthesis of dimethyl carbonate by methanol gas-phase oxidative carbonylation; The preparation method of the molecular sieve includes the following steps: a) Add the silicon source dropwise to the mixed solution containing the aluminum source, the doped foreign element source, and the alkaline substance, stir, and let it stand for aging to obtain a gel-like substance; b) Crystallize the gel-like substance obtained in step a) in a closed container, filter it with suction, and dry it to obtain NaMY type molecular sieve; The doped foreign element source is selected from a gallium source or a boron source; Wherein, in the NaMY type molecular sieve, M is a foreign element doped with a foreign element source; The catalyst includes a molecular sieve, an active component and an auxiliary component, and the active component and auxiliary component are loaded on the molecular sieve; The active component is active metal element palladium, and the auxiliary component is auxiliary metal element copper; The active component accounts for 0.5~5wt% of the mass percentage of the catalyst; The additive component accounts for 0.5~5wt% of the mass percentage of the catalyst; In the gel-like substance, the molar ratio of (Al ₂ O ₃ + Ga ₂ O ₃ / B ₂ O ₃ ): Na ₂ O: SiO ₂ : H ₂ O is 1: (10~14): (8~16 ): (300~600), where the number of moles of aluminum source, doped foreign element source, alkaline substance, and silicon source are respectively calculated as the number of moles of the oxide of the metal element, The (Al ₂ O ₃ + Ga ₂ O ₃ /B ₂ O ₃ ) is expressed as the total number of moles of Al ₂ O ₃ and Ga ₂ O ₃ or the total number of moles of Al ₂ O ₃ and B ₂ O ₃ ; The molar ratio of the aluminum source to the doped foreign element source is 1: (0.25~5), based on the molar amount of the aluminum element and the doped foreign element. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the aluminum source is selected from at least one of sodium aluminate, aluminum nitrate, and aluminum sulfate. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the silicon source is selected from at least one of kaolin, silica sol, sodium silicate and tetraethyl orthosilicate. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the gallium source is selected from at least one of gallium nitrate, gallium sulfate and gallium hydroxide. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the boron source is selected from sodium metaborate. 6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the alkaline substance is selected from at least one of sodium hydroxide and ammonia water. 7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the molar ratio of the aluminum element to the doped foreign element source is 1: (0.25~3). 8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the stirring time is 30 to 180 minutes. 9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the stirring time is 60 to 120 minutes. 10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the temperature of the static aging is 20~65°C, and the time of the static aging is 8~48h. 11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that the standing aging time is 12 to 28 hours. 12. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the crystallization temperature is 80-120°C, and the crystallization time is 8-48 hours. 13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that the crystallization time is 12 to 30 hours. 14. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the drying temperature is 80-120°C and the drying time is 6-18 hours.