CN115304026A - System for preparing hydrogen by decomposing water vapor with laser - Google Patents
System for preparing hydrogen by decomposing water vapor with laser Download PDFInfo
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- CN115304026A CN115304026A CN202210358676.2A CN202210358676A CN115304026A CN 115304026 A CN115304026 A CN 115304026A CN 202210358676 A CN202210358676 A CN 202210358676A CN 115304026 A CN115304026 A CN 115304026A
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- hydrogen
- container
- laser
- photolysis
- water vapor
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000006303 photolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000015843 photosynthesis, light reaction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011943 nanocatalyst Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003889 chemical engineering Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011941 photocatalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/04—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of inorganic compounds, e.g. ammonia
- C01B3/042—Decomposition of water
- C01B3/045—Decomposition of water in gaseous phase
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/74—Iron group metals
- B01J23/745—Iron
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J35/39—Photocatalytic properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/22—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with other inorganic material
- C03C17/23—Oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
- C01B2203/1041—Composition of the catalyst
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Oxygen, Ozone, And Oxides In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a system for producing hydrogen by decomposing water vapor by laser, which belongs to the field of energy and chemical engineering and comprises a steam pipe 1, an electric heater 2, a boiler 3, a photolysis container 4, a mirror surface 5, a hydrogen tank 6, a hydrogen extraction fan 7, a hydrogen absorption pipe 8, a laser 9, an oxygen absorption pipe 10, an oxygen absorption fan 11, an oxygen tank 12, nano TiO 2 2 /Fe 2 O 3 And (3) catalyst composition. The water vapor is generated by a boiler 3 and enters a photolysis container 4 through a steam pipe 1 to prepare TiO 2 /Fe 2 O 3 The nano-catalyst is irradiated by the laser emitted from the laser 9 in the photolysis container, so that the water vapor molecules in contact with the nano-catalyst are efficiently decomposed into H 2 And O 2 A molecule.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a system for producing hydrogen by decomposing water vapor by laser, belonging to the field of energy and chemical engineering.
Background
The technology for preparing hydrogen by decomposing water by laser starts from 1972, and is reported for the first time by two professors of Tokyo university in Japan 2 The phenomenon that the single crystal electrode photocatalytically decomposes water to generate hydrogen gas reveals the possibility of directly decomposing water to generate hydrogen by utilizing light energy. However, the hydrogen production in Japan is that sunlight is used for irradiating water, experimental hydrogen is produced under the action of a catalyst, the quantity is small, the hydrogen cannot be obtained in cloudy conditions or at night, and the energy efficiency ratio is far lower than that of a light spoke! The hydrogen energy has the advantages of safety, high heat productivity and the like, so that the hydrogen energy is widely applied to aviation. In order to use hydrogen energy in the fields of ground automobiles and power generation, in addition to the technology of hydrogen production by decomposing natural gas, hydrogen production by decomposing water through electrolysis or laser attracts attention of scholars. The laser decomposition water vapor hydrogen production system is a system for irradiating water vapor in a polygonal mirror-reflected container by utilizing laser to efficiently obtain hydrogen and oxygen.
Disclosure of Invention
Photocatalytic water splitting can be divided into two types, namely 'energy barrier lowering' and 'energy barrier raising' reactions. In this type of reaction, water is decomposed to form H under the action of a photocatalyst 2 And O 2 It is a high energy barrier reaction that converts light energy into chemical energy. For the decomposition of water to release hydrogen, the thermodynamics require that the potential of the conduction band of the semiconductor material as photocatalytic material is higher than the potential of the hydrogen electrode EH +/H 2 Slightly negative. The principle of photolysis water is as follows: when the energy of the radiation is greater than or equal to the forbidden bandwidth of the semiconductor, electrons are excited in the semiconductor to jump from the valence band to the conduction band, and holes are left in the valence band, so that the electrons and holes are separated, and then water is reduced to hydrogen gas and simultaneously oxidized to oxygen gas at different positions of the semiconductor. The material used as the material for preparing hydrogen by photocatalytic water decomposition needs to meet the following requirements: high stability, no light corrosion, low cost and can meet the thermodynamic requirement of decomposing water.
Therefore, the device comprises a steam pipe 1, an electric heater 2, a boiler 3, a photolysis container 4, a mirror 5, a hydrogen tank 6, a hydrogen extraction fan 7, a hydrogen absorption pipe 8, a laser 9, an oxygen absorption pipe 10, an oxygen absorption fan 11, an oxygen tank 12 and nano TiO 2 /Fe 2 O 3 Agent 13. Nano TiO 2 2 /Fe 2 O 3 The agent 13 has high stability, does not produce light corrosion, is low in price and can meet the thermodynamic requirement of decomposing water. Mixing nanometer TiO 2 /Fe 2 O 3 After the agent 13 is put in the photolysis container 4 in advance, the steam produced by boiler 3 is tangentially blown into the photolysis container 4 by means of steam pipe 1, and reflected by mirror surface 5 to form multiple laser beams to irradiate nano TiO 2 /Fe 2 O 3 Agent 13, which decomposes water vapor molecules in contact therewith to H 2 And O 2 。`
The photolysis container 4 is a stainless steel container with phi 300 and height of 400mm, and TiO is prepared on a common glass sheet by adopting a sol-gel method and a dip-coating and pulling method 2 /Fe 2 O 3 Lamination of films, reuse of H 2 SO 4 The obtained 60g of nano-sized TiO 2 /Fe 2 O 3 Catalyst, excited with 300W at 450nmThe light is inserted into the container, the inner wall of which is provided with a mirror, and the laser beam can be reflected via the mirror surface to fill up the space in the container. Heating water to be decomposed in a boiler 3 to steam of 0.2MPa and 122 ℃, blowing in from the middle of the cylindrical photolysis container 4 tangentially, and stirring the nano TiO in the container 2 /Fe 2 O 3 The catalyst is made to rotate along the inner wall of the photolysis container 4 and is filled in the whole space, so that the catalyst particles can collide with water vapor molecules and are hydrolyzed into H under the irradiation of laser 2 And O 2 . The hydrogen density is small and is concentrated on the top of the photolysis container 4, the oxygen density is maximum and is concentrated on the bottom of the photolysis container 4, the water vapor enters from the middle of the photolysis container 4, after the operation for a period of time, the hydrogen can be extracted from the top of the photolysis container 4, the oxygen is extracted from the bottom of the photolysis container 4, and the hydrogen is H 2 And O 2 The water vapor layer is arranged at intervals, the safety is ensured, and the purity of the extracted gas is detected by gas chromatography.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a hydrogen production technology by laser water splitting,
FIG. 2 isbase:Sub>A sectional view of the laser water decomposing container A-A.
Wherein: 1-steam pipe, 2-electric heater, 3-boiler, 4-photolysis container, 5-mirror surface, 6-hydrogen tank, 7-hydrogen extraction fan, 8-hydrogen absorption pipe, 9-laser, 10-oxygen absorption pipe, 11-oxygen absorption fan, 12-oxygen tank, 13-iO 2 /Fe 2 O 3 A catalyst.
Example of the implementation
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a system for producing hydrogen by decomposing water vapor by using a 300W and 450nm laser. The electric heater 2 heats water in the boiler 3 to generate 0.2MPa steam which tangentially enters the photolysis container 4 through the steam pipe 1. The photolysis container 4 is a closed cylinder of 2mm thick and 400mm high, and the steam pipe 1 of phi 20 is inserted tangentially into the photolysis container 4 from 200mm from the bottom. The inlet of the steam pipe 1 is connected with the outlet of the boiler 3, so that steam with 0.5MPa and 152 ℃ can be sprayed into the photolysis container 4 at high speed and rotate in the container to stir TiO 2 /Fe 2 O 3 The nanocatalyst rotates in the vessel, which results in a sufficient weight for the photolytic vessel 4. At the same time, the laser light emitted from the 300W, 450nm laser 9 is irradiated into the container, and reflected by the mirror surface 5 of the container wall,forming multiple beams capable of irradiating multiple catalyst particles in the container to decompose water vapor molecules in contact with the catalyst particles into H 2 And O 2 A molecule. The hydrogen density is at its smallest concentrated at the top of the vessel and the oxygen density is at its largest settled at the bottom of the vessel. The water vapor is blown into the middle part of the container through the steam pipe 1 in a tangential direction, and after running for a period of time, the hydrogen can be pumped from the top by the hydrogen pumping fan 7 and pressurized to be sent into the hydrogen tank 6; oxygen is pumped by an oxygen uptake fan 11 from the bottom section and is sent to an oxygen tank 12 for storage. Due to H 2 And O 2 . The steam layer is arranged at intervals, so that the safety is ensured, and the purity of the extracted gas is detected by a gas chromatograph.
Claims (2)
1. The invention discloses a hydrogen production system by decomposing water vapor with laser, which comprises a steam pipe (1), an electric heater (2), a boiler (3), a photolysis container (4), a mirror surface (5), a hydrogen tank (6), a hydrogen extraction fan (7), a hydrogen absorption pipe (8), a laser (9), an oxygen absorption pipe (10), an oxygen absorption fan (11), an oxygen tank (12) and nano TiO 2 /Fe 2 O 3 Catalyst (13).
2. The system for producing hydrogen by decomposing water vapor by laser of claim 1, characterized in that: the boiler (3) is arranged on the electric heater (2), the outlet of the boiler (3) is communicated and fixedly connected with the inlet of the steam pipe (1), and the outlet of the steam pipe (1) is communicated and fixedly connected with the middle inlet of the photolysis container (4); the hydrogen absorption tube (8), the laser (9) and the oxygen absorption tube (10) are all inserted into the photolysis container (4); the inlet of the hydrogen absorption pipe (8) is positioned at the top of the photolysis container (4); the outlet of the hydrogen absorption pipe (8) is communicated with the inlet of the hydrogen extraction fan (7), and the outlet of the hydrogen extraction fan (7) is communicated with the inlet of the hydrogen tank (6); the laser (9) is inserted into and fixed in the middle of the photolysis container (4); the inlet of the oxygen absorption pipe (10) is positioned at the bottom of the photolysis container (4), the outlet of the oxygen absorption pipe (10) is communicated with the inlet of the oxygen absorption fan (11), and the outlet of the helium absorption fan (11) is communicated with the inlet of the oxygen tank (1); 3-100g of nano TiO 2 /Fe 2 O 3 The catalyst (13) is placed in the photolysis vessel (4) in advance.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210358676.2A CN115304026A (en) | 2022-04-07 | 2022-04-07 | System for preparing hydrogen by decomposing water vapor with laser |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210358676.2A CN115304026A (en) | 2022-04-07 | 2022-04-07 | System for preparing hydrogen by decomposing water vapor with laser |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115304026A true CN115304026A (en) | 2022-11-08 |
Family
ID=83855306
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210358676.2A Pending CN115304026A (en) | 2022-04-07 | 2022-04-07 | System for preparing hydrogen by decomposing water vapor with laser |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115304026A (en) |
-
2022
- 2022-04-07 CN CN202210358676.2A patent/CN115304026A/en active Pending
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Application publication date: 20221108 |