CN115295191A - High-temperature gas cooled reactor primary loop pressure adjusting system and method - Google Patents
High-temperature gas cooled reactor primary loop pressure adjusting system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115295191A CN115295191A CN202211027758.5A CN202211027758A CN115295191A CN 115295191 A CN115295191 A CN 115295191A CN 202211027758 A CN202211027758 A CN 202211027758A CN 115295191 A CN115295191 A CN 115295191A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21D—NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
- G21D1/00—Details of nuclear power plant
- G21D1/006—Details of nuclear power plant primary side of steam generators
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C17/00—Monitoring; Testing ; Maintaining
- G21C17/10—Structural combination of fuel element, control rod, reactor core, or moderator structure with sensitive instruments, e.g. for measuring radioactivity, strain
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Abstract
The invention discloses a primary circuit pressure regulating system and method for a high-temperature gas cooled reactor, which comprises a controller, a pressure container, a hot gas guide pipe, a steam generator, a pressure monitoring device, a pressurizing electric regulating valve, a compressor, a gas storage tank, a pressure relief electric regulating valve, a first safety valve and a second safety valve.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of nuclear power, and relates to a system and a method for regulating pressure of a primary loop of a high-temperature gas cooled reactor.
Background
The high-temperature gas cooled reactor nuclear power station takes inert gases such as helium or carbon dioxide as a coolant and graphite as a moderator, and a primary loop pressure vessel of the high-temperature gas cooled reactor consists of three pressure-bearing vessels, namely a reactor pressure vessel, a steam generator shell and a hot gas guide pipe shell; the system is a key device of the pressure boundary of the main loop coolant and is one of the main components of the primary loop coolant thermal circulation loop.
The primary circuit pressure container forms a main body of a primary circuit pressure boundary, is a second safety barrier for preventing radioactive substances from leaking, and needs to ensure the structural integrity and reliability under various operating conditions and test conditions in the whole service life of the reactor. The high-temperature gas cooled reactor is provided with a primary circuit pressure regulating device, and the device ensures the stability of the internal pressure of the pressure container during the normal operation of the unit and ensures that the internal pressure of the pressure container does not exceed the design pressure under the abnormal working condition of the unit.
When the internal pressure of a pressure container exceeds the highest operating pressure, the conventional loop pressure regulating device is opened and decompressed through a mechanical safety valve configured in a system, and after the internal pressure of the pressure container is reduced to the recoil pressure, the safety valve is closed by spring force, so that the operating safety of the pressure container is ensured. The system configuration has at least the following disadvantages: (1) Once the mechanical safety valve is jammed when being opened, the internal pressure of the pressure container is continuously increased, so that safety accidents are caused; (2) When the internal pressure of the pressure vessel is reduced to the recoil pressure of the safety valve, once the safety valve is jammed, the pressure vessel continues to release pressure, and the rapid pressure reduction of the primary loop can cause the safety accident of the reactor core cooling loss; (3) During normal operation, once a safety valve mechanical device fails, primary circuit pressure fluctuation is caused by fault opening, and the safe and stable operation of a unit is influenced, so that the primary circuit overpressure protection reliability is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, and provides a system and a method for regulating a primary pressure of a high temperature gas cooled reactor, which can effectively improve the reliability of overpressure protection of the primary pressure.
In order to achieve the purpose, the primary loop pressure regulating system of the high-temperature gas cooled reactor comprises a controller, a pressure container, a hot gas guide pipe, a steam generator, a pressure monitoring device, a pressurizing electric regulating valve, a compressor, a gas storage tank, a pressure relief electric regulating valve, a first safety valve and a second safety valve;
pressure vessel and steam generator are linked together through the steam conduit, and pressure vessel and steam generator constitute a return circuit, and pressure monitoring device is located pressure vessel, and the export of gas holder is linked together with the entry of compressor, and the export of compressor is linked together with the entry of pressurizing electrical control valve, and the export of pressurizing electrical control valve is linked together with steam generator's entry, and steam generator's export is divided into three routes: the first path is communicated with an inlet of the pressure relief electric control valve, the second path is communicated with an inlet of the first safety valve, the third path is communicated with an inlet of the second safety valve, an outlet of the pressure relief electric control valve, an outlet of the first safety valve and an outlet of the second safety valve are communicated with an inlet of the gas storage tank after being communicated through pipelines, and the pressure monitoring device, the first safety valve, the second safety valve, the pressure relief electric control valve, the pressure charging electric control valve and the compressor are connected with the controller.
The pressure vessel is communicated with the steam generator through a hot gas conduit.
The method for regulating the pressure of the primary circuit of the high-temperature gas cooled reactor comprises primary circuit pressure charging regulation and primary circuit overpressure protection.
The specific process of primary circuit pressurization regulation is as follows:
1a) In the initial state: the pressure monitoring device monitors the pressure of the loop to be normal pressure; the pressurizing electric regulating valve and the pressure relief electric regulating valve have been put into automatic function and are in a closed state; the electromagnetic valves of the first safety valve and the second safety valve are electrified and are in a closed state;
2a) The compressor is started, the pressurizing electric regulating valve is automatically opened and the pressurizing speed is regulated, a primary circuit starts to be pressurized, and the pressure of the primary circuit is monitored in real time through the pressure monitoring device during the pressurizing period.
3a) Respectively setting the target pressure of the loop to be 20%, 50% and 70% of the rated operating pressure, increasing the pressure of the loop to be under each target pressure in stages according to the step 2 a), staying for a preset time under each target pressure, and monitoring whether the pressure change rate meets the design criterion;
4a) And continuing pressurizing until the pressure of the primary circuit rises to the rated operation pressure, stopping the compressor, gradually and automatically closing the pressurizing electric regulating valve, and ending the primary circuit pressurizing process.
The specific process of primary circuit overpressure protection is as follows:
1b) In an initial state, a pressure monitoring device monitors the pressure of a loop to be rated operation pressure; the pressure relief electric regulating valve has been put into an automatic function and is in a closed state; the first safety valve and the second safety valve are electrified and are in a closed state;
2b) Opening a pressure charging electric regulating valve, starting a compressor, improving outlet pressure of the compressor, monitoring pressure of a primary circuit in real time through a pressure monitoring device, automatically opening the pressure releasing electric regulating valve when the pressure of the primary circuit is higher than rated operation pressure of the pressure releasing electric regulating valve, and starting pressure releasing of the primary circuit and maintaining the pressure of the primary circuit as the rated operation pressure;
3b) Continuously increasing the outlet pressure of the compressor until the pressure relief electric regulating valve cannot maintain the pressure of the primary circuit to be the rated operation pressure, continuously increasing the pressure of the primary circuit and reaching the action pressure of the first safety valve, powering off the first safety valve, opening the first safety valve, electrifying the first safety valve after the pressure of the primary circuit is reduced to the rated operation pressure, closing the first safety valve, and automatically closing the pressure relief electric regulating valve;
4b) Keeping the first safety valve in a closed state, locking the first safety valve, and continuously increasing the outlet pressure of the compressor until the pressure relief electric regulating valve cannot maintain the pressure of the primary circuit as the rated operation pressure, after the pressure of the primary circuit continuously rises and reaches the action pressure of the second safety valve, the second safety valve is de-energized, the second safety valve is opened, after the pressure of the primary circuit drops to the rated operation pressure, the second safety valve is electrified, the second safety valve is closed, and the pressure relief electric regulating valve is automatically closed;
5b) And (4) maintaining the pressure of the primary circuit as the rated operation pressure, stopping the compressor, closing the pressure charging electric regulating valve, and ending the primary circuit overpressure protection test.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
when the system and the method for regulating the pressure of the primary loop of the high-temperature gas cooled reactor are in specific operation, according to the pressure signal of the primary loop monitored in real time, the pressure of the primary loop is dynamically regulated through the pressurizing electric regulating valve in the pressurizing process, so that a unit stably operates to a target pressure, and the reliability of tests of different pressure platforms is effectively improved; when the pressure of a primary circuit exceeds the rated operation pressure, the primary circuit is maintained to be the rated operation pressure through the pressure relief electric regulating valve, and the reliability of the rated operation working condition of the unit is ensured; when the pressure of a loop reaches the action value of the safety valve, the safety valve with the quick opening and closing functions is used for quickly releasing the pressure, and the safety of the unit under the accident condition is ensured. Meanwhile, the invention is provided with two sets of safety valves with different action pressures, thereby avoiding the overpressure accident of the unit caused by the fault of any one safety valve and improving the reliability of the safe operation of the unit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Wherein 1 is a pressure vessel, 2 is a hot gas conduit, 3 is a steam generator, 4 is a pressure monitoring device, 5 is a pressurizing electric regulating valve, 6 is a compressor, 7 is a gas storage tank, 8 is a pressure relief electric regulating valve, 9 is a first safety valve and 10 is a second safety valve.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present disclosure. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
There is shown in the drawings a schematic block diagram of a disclosed embodiment in accordance with the invention. The figures are not drawn to scale, wherein certain details are exaggerated and some details may be omitted for clarity of presentation. The shapes of various regions, layers and their relative sizes and positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely exemplary, and deviations may occur in practice due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations, and a person skilled in the art may additionally design regions/layers having different shapes, sizes, relative positions, according to actual needs.
Referring to fig. 1, the primary loop pressure regulating system of the high temperature gas cooled reactor of the present invention includes a controller, a pressure vessel 1, a hot gas conduit 2, a steam generator 3, a pressure monitoring device 4, a pressurizing electric regulating valve 5, a compressor 6, a gas storage tank 7, a pressure-relieving electric regulating valve 8, a first safety valve 9, and a second safety valve 10;
The method for adjusting the pressure of the primary circuit of the high-temperature gas cooled reactor comprises the following steps of:
1. primary circuit pressurizing adjustment test
1) In the initial state: the pressure monitoring device 4 monitors the pressure of the primary loop to be normal pressure; the pressurizing electric regulating valve 5 and the pressure relief electric regulating valve 8 are put into automatic function and are in a closed state; the electromagnetic valves of the first safety valve 9 and the second safety valve 10 are electrified and are in a closed state;
2) And starting the compressor 6, automatically opening the pressurizing electric regulating valve 5 and regulating the pressurizing rate, starting pressurizing a primary circuit, and monitoring the pressure of the primary circuit in real time through the pressure monitoring device 4 during pressurizing.
3) Respectively setting the target pressure of the loop to be 20%, 50% and 70% of the rated operating pressure, increasing the pressure of the loop to be under each target pressure in stages according to the step 2), staying for a preset time under each target pressure, and monitoring whether the pressure change rate meets the design criterion;
4) And continuing pressurizing until the pressure of the primary circuit rises to the rated operation pressure, stopping the compressor 6, gradually and automatically closing the pressurizing electric regulating valve 5, and ending the primary circuit pressurizing process.
2. Loop overpressure protection test
1) In an initial state, the pressure monitoring device 4 monitors the pressure of a loop to be rated operation pressure; the pressure relief electric control valve 8 is put into an automatic function and is in a closed state; the first safety valve 9 and the second safety valve 10 are electrified and are in a closed state;
2) Opening a pressure charging electric regulating valve 5, starting a compressor 6, increasing outlet pressure of the compressor 6, monitoring pressure of a primary circuit in real time through a pressure monitoring device 4, when the pressure of the primary circuit is higher than rated operation pressure of a pressure relief electric regulating valve 8, automatically opening the pressure relief electric regulating valve 8, and starting pressure relief of the primary circuit and maintaining the pressure of the primary circuit as the rated operation pressure;
3) Continuously increasing the outlet pressure of the compressor 6 until the pressure relief electric regulating valve 8 cannot maintain the pressure of the primary circuit as the rated operation pressure, after the pressure of the primary circuit continuously increases and reaches the action pressure of the first safety valve 9, the first safety valve 9 is de-energized, the first safety valve 9 is opened, after the pressure of the primary circuit decreases to the rated operation pressure, the first safety valve 9 is energized, the first safety valve 9 is closed, and the pressure relief electric regulating valve 8 is automatically closed;
4) Keeping the first safety valve 9 in a closed state, locking the first safety valve 9, and continuously increasing the outlet pressure of the compressor 6 until the pressure relief electric control valve 8 cannot maintain the pressure of the primary circuit as the rated operation pressure, after the pressure of the primary circuit continuously rises and reaches the action pressure of the second safety valve 10, the second safety valve 10 is de-energized, the second safety valve 10 is opened, after the pressure of the primary circuit drops to the rated operation pressure, the second safety valve 10 is energized, the second safety valve 10 is closed, and the pressure relief electric control valve 8 is automatically closed;
5) And (5) maintaining the pressure of the primary circuit as the rated operation pressure, stopping the compressor 6, closing the pressure charging electric regulating valve 5, and ending the primary circuit overpressure protection test.
Example one
Taking a 200MW high-temperature gas cooled reactor unit as an example, two sets of nuclear steam supply systems are adopted to connect a steam turbine, so as to form a scheme of a set of nuclear power unit. The thermal power of each nuclear steam supply system is 250MW, the total thermal power is 500MW, and the electric power is 211MW. Helium is used as a coolant in a primary loop of the reactor, the operating pressure is 7MPa, and the design pressure is 8.1MPa. According to the construction condition of a primary circuit device of the high-temperature gas cooled reactor, 4 pressure test platforms which are 20%, 50%, 70% and 100% of rated operating pressure are respectively arranged on a primary circuit pressure platform.
The method for regulating the primary loop pressure of the high-temperature gas cooled reactor comprises the following steps:
1. primary circuit charging pressure regulation
1) In an initial state, a pressure monitoring device 4 monitors the pressure of a loop to be normal pressure; the pressurizing electric regulating valve 5 and the pressure relief electric regulating valve 8 are put into an automatic function and are in a closed state; the first safety valve 9 and the second safety valve 10 are electrified and in a closed state;
2) Starting a compressor 6, automatically opening a pressurizing electric regulating valve 5 and regulating the pressurizing rate, starting pressurizing a primary circuit, and monitoring the pressure of the primary circuit in real time through a pressure monitoring device 4 during pressurizing;
3) Respectively setting a loop target pressure to be 1.4MPa, 3.5MPa and 4.9MPa, increasing the pressure of the loop to the target pressure in stages according to the step 2), keeping each target pressure for a preset time, and monitoring whether the pressure change rate meets the design criterion, wherein the qualified index is as follows: the pressure drop is less than 0.1MPa in every 24 h;
4) And continuing pressurizing until the pressure of the primary circuit rises to 7MPa, stopping the compressor 6, gradually and automatically closing the pressurizing electric regulating valve 5, and ending the primary circuit pressurizing process.
2. Protection of primary loop by overpressure
1) In an initial state, the pressure monitoring device 4 monitors that the pressure of a loop is 7MPa, and the pressure relief electric regulating valve 8 is in a closed state after being put into an automatic function; the electromagnetic valves of the first safety valve 9 and the second safety valve 10 are electrified and are in a closed state;
2) Opening a pressure charging electric regulating valve 5, starting a compressor 6 and increasing outlet pressure, monitoring the pressure of a primary circuit in real time through a pressure monitoring device 4, when the pressure of the primary circuit is higher than 7MPa, automatically opening a pressure releasing electric regulating valve 8, and releasing pressure of the primary circuit and maintaining the pressure of the primary circuit to be 7MPa;
3) The pressure at the outlet of the compressor 6 is continuously increased until the pressure relief electric regulating valve 8 cannot maintain the pressure of the primary circuit at 7MPa, the first safety valve 9 is de-energized after the pressure of the primary circuit is continuously increased and reaches the action pressure of 8.2MPa of the first safety valve 9, the first safety valve 9 is opened, the first safety valve 9 is electrified after the pressure of the primary circuit is reduced to 7MPa, the first safety valve 9 is closed, and the pressure relief electric regulating valve 8 is automatically closed;
4) Keeping the first safety valve 9 in a closed state, locking the first safety valve 9, continuously increasing the pressure at the outlet of the compressor 6 until the pressure-relief electric regulating valve 8 cannot maintain the pressure of a loop at 7MPa, continuously increasing the pressure of the loop and reaching the action pressure of 8.4MPa of the second safety valve 10, then powering off the second safety valve 10, opening the second safety valve 10, reducing the pressure of the loop to 7MPa, electrifying the second safety valve 10, closing the second safety valve 10, and automatically closing the pressure-relief electric regulating valve 8;
5) And (5) maintaining the pressure of the primary circuit at 7MPa, stopping the compressor 6, closing the pressure charging electric regulating valve 5, and ending the primary circuit overpressure protection test.
Claims (5)
1. A primary circuit pressure regulating system of a high-temperature gas cooled reactor is characterized by comprising a controller, a pressure container (1), a hot gas guide pipe (2), a steam generator (3), a pressure monitoring device (4), a pressurizing electric regulating valve (5), a compressor (6), a gas storage tank (7), a pressure relief electric regulating valve (8), a first safety valve (9) and a second safety valve (10);
pressure vessel (1) is linked together through steam conduit (2) with steam generator (3), pressure vessel (1) constitutes a return circuit with steam generator (3), pressure monitoring device (4) are located pressure vessel (1), the export of gas holder (7) is linked together with the entry of compressor (6), the export of compressor (6) is linked together with the entry of pressurizing electrical control valve (5), the export of pressurizing electrical control valve (5) is linked together with the entry of steam generator (3), the export of steam generator (3) is divided into three routes: the first way is communicated with the inlet of a pressure relief electric control valve (8), the second way is communicated with the inlet of a first safety valve (9), the third way is communicated with the inlet of a second safety valve (10), the outlet of the pressure relief electric control valve (8), the outlet of the first safety valve (9) is communicated with the inlet of a gas storage tank (7) after passing through a pipeline and a pipe with the outlet of the second safety valve (10), a pressure monitoring device (4), the first safety valve (9), the second safety valve (10), the pressure relief electric control valve (8), a pressure charging electric control valve (5) and a compressor (6) are connected with a controller.
2. The primary loop pressure regulation system of the high temperature gas cooled reactor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pressure vessel (1) is in communication with the steam generator (3) via a hot gas conduit (2).
3. A primary circuit pressure adjusting method of a high temperature gas cooled reactor is characterized in that the primary circuit pressure adjusting system of the high temperature gas cooled reactor based on claim 1 comprises primary circuit pressure charging adjustment and primary circuit overpressure protection.
4. The method as set forth in claim 3, wherein the primary pressure regulation is carried out by:
1a) In an initial state: the pressure monitoring device (4) monitors the pressure of a loop to be normal pressure; the pressure charging electric regulating valve (5) and the pressure relief electric regulating valve (8) are put into automatic function and are in a closed state; the electromagnetic valves of the first safety valve (9) and the second safety valve (10) are electrified and are in a closed state;
2a) The compressor (6) is started, the pressure charging electric regulating valve (5) is automatically opened and adjusts the pressure charging speed, the primary circuit starts to be charged, and the pressure of the primary circuit is monitored in real time through the pressure monitoring device (4) during the pressure charging period.
3a) Respectively setting the target pressure of the loop to be 20%, 50% and 70% of the rated operating pressure, increasing the pressure of the loop to be under each target pressure in stages according to the step 2 a), staying for a preset time under each target pressure, and monitoring whether the pressure change rate meets the design criterion;
4a) And continuing pressurizing until the pressure of the primary circuit is increased to the rated operation pressure, stopping the operation of the compressor (6), gradually and automatically closing the pressurizing electric regulating valve (5), and ending the pressurizing process of the primary circuit.
5. The method for regulating the primary circuit pressure of the high temperature gas cooled reactor according to claim 3, wherein the primary circuit overpressure protection comprises the following specific processes:
1b) In an initial state, a pressure monitoring device (4) monitors the pressure of a loop to be rated operation pressure; the pressure relief electric regulating valve (8) has been put into an automatic function and is in a closed state; the first safety valve (9) and the second safety valve (10) are electrified and are in a closed state;
2b) Opening a pressure charging electric regulating valve (5), starting a compressor (6), increasing outlet pressure of the compressor (6), monitoring pressure of a loop in real time through a pressure monitoring device (4), when the pressure of the loop is higher than the rated operating pressure of a pressure relief electric regulating valve (8), automatically opening the pressure relief electric regulating valve (8), and starting pressure relief of the loop and maintaining the pressure of the loop to be the rated operating pressure;
3b) Continuously increasing the outlet pressure of the compressor (6) until the pressure relief electric regulating valve (8) cannot maintain the pressure of the primary circuit as the rated operation pressure, after the pressure of the primary circuit continuously rises and reaches the action pressure of the first safety valve (9), the first safety valve (9) is de-energized, the first safety valve (9) is opened, after the pressure of the primary circuit drops to the rated operation pressure, the first safety valve (9) is energized, the first safety valve (9) is closed, and the pressure relief electric regulating valve (8) is automatically closed;
4b) Keeping the first safety valve (9) in a closed state, locking the first safety valve (9), continuously increasing the outlet pressure of the compressor (6) until the pressure relief electric control valve (8) cannot maintain the pressure of a loop as a rated operation pressure, continuously increasing the pressure of the loop and reaching the action pressure of the second safety valve (10), losing power of the second safety valve (10), opening the second safety valve (10), electrifying the second safety valve (10) after the pressure of the loop is reduced to the rated operation pressure, closing the second safety valve (10), and automatically closing the pressure relief electric control valve (8);
5b) And (3) maintaining the pressure of the primary circuit as the rated operation pressure, stopping the compressor (6), closing the pressure charging electric regulating valve (5), and ending the primary circuit overpressure protection test.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211027758.5A CN115295191A (en) | 2022-08-25 | 2022-08-25 | High-temperature gas cooled reactor primary loop pressure adjusting system and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211027758.5A CN115295191A (en) | 2022-08-25 | 2022-08-25 | High-temperature gas cooled reactor primary loop pressure adjusting system and method |
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| CN115295191A true CN115295191A (en) | 2022-11-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202211027758.5A Pending CN115295191A (en) | 2022-08-25 | 2022-08-25 | High-temperature gas cooled reactor primary loop pressure adjusting system and method |
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| CN (1) | CN115295191A (en) |
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2022
- 2022-08-25 CN CN202211027758.5A patent/CN115295191A/en active Pending
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