CN115295180A - Absorption ball shutdown device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear reactor safety, in particular to an absorption ball shutdown device which comprises a ball storage tank, a first pipe, a first plate, a second pipe and a lifting component, wherein the ball storage tank is internally provided with a containing cavity, the containing cavity is suitable for storing absorption balls, the first pipe is connected with the ball storage tank, the first pipe is provided with a ball outlet, the ball outlet is communicated with the containing cavity, one end of the second pipe is suitable for extending into the first pipe, one end of the second pipe is provided with a ball inlet, the second pipe can move relative to the first pipe in the height direction of the ball storage tank so that the ball inlet is communicated with or dislocated with the ball outlet, one end of the first plate is connected with one end of the second pipe, which extends out of the first pipe, and the lifting component can be contacted with the first plate so as to lift the second pipe. The absorption ball reactor-stopping device can avoid the blockage and improve the stability and the safety of the operation of the reactor.

Description

Absorption ball shutdown device

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear reactor safety, in particular to an absorbing ball shutdown device.

Background technique

A nuclear reactor, also known as an atomic energy reactor or reactor, is a device that can maintain a controllable self-sustaining chain nuclear fission reaction to realize the utilization of nuclear energy.

There are two main ways to shut down a nuclear reactor. One is to control the number of neutrons in the core by driving the depth of the control rod inserted into the core. One is to shut down the reactor by absorbing neutrons with absorbing balls containing boron carbide. The absorbing ball shutdown system releases the absorbing ball into the reactor core reaction layer through the absorbing ball shutdown device, so as to achieve the purpose of safe shutdown.

In related technologies, when the absorbing ball shutdown system is running, the motor needs to drive the movement of the ball screw and the valve stem, so that the absorbing balls in the ball storage tank fall into the reflective layer of the reactor core to realize safe shutdown. This shutdown method requires the use of transmission structures such as ball screws, which are not only complex in structure, but also difficult to lubricate because the transmission structure is placed in a closed chamber and the transmission structure is in a high-temperature working environment. There is dry friction between the transmission structures, which is prone to jamming and causes the absorbing ball shutdown device to fail to shut down safely.

Contents of the invention

The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent. For this reason, the embodiment of the present invention proposes an absorbing ball reactor shutdown device, which avoids jamming and improves the stability and safety of reactor operation.

The shutdown device for absorbing balls in the embodiment of the present invention includes: a ball storage tank, which has an accommodation chamber inside, and the accommodation chamber is suitable for storing absorbing balls; a first pipe, the first pipe and the storage chamber The spherical tank is connected, the first pipe has a ball outlet, and the ball outlet is in communication with the accommodating chamber; the second pipe is connected to the first plate, and one end of the second pipe is suitable for extending into the first pipe, One end of the second pipe is provided with a ball opening, and the second pipe is movable relative to the first pipe in the height direction of the ball storage tank to make the ball opening and the ball outlet connected or misplaced, one end of the first plate is connected to one end of the second tube protruding from the first tube; a lifting component, the lifting component can be in contact with the first plate to lift the second tube Two tubes.

The absorber shutdown device of the embodiment of the present invention avoids jamming and improves the stability and safety of reactor operation.

In some embodiments, the lifting component includes a first wheel, a second wheel, a transmission chain and a second plate, the outer peripheral surface of the first wheel is in contact with the transmission chain, and the outer peripheral surface of the second wheel is in contact with the transmission chain. The transmission chain is in contact, the transmission chain is provided with the second plate, and the second plate can be in contact with the first plate to lift the second tube.

In some embodiments, the absorbing ball shutdown device further includes a holding part, the holding part is suitable for generating a magnetic force, the first plate is a magnetic plate, and the magnetic poles of the holding part are aligned with the magnetic poles of the first plate. The poles are opposite to bring the retaining member into contact with the first plate.

In some embodiments, the holding member includes a first coil and an iron core, and the first coil is wound on the iron core.

In some embodiments, the absorbing ball shutdown device further includes a stopper, and the stopper is sleeved on an end of the second pipe protruding from the first pipe.

In some embodiments, the absorbing ball shutdown device further includes a third plate, a fourth plate and a first travel switch, one end of the third plate is connected to the limiter, one end of the fourth plate is connected to The ball storage tank is connected, the first travel switch is installed on one end of the fourth plate, and when the third plate moves and contacts the first travel switch, the ball inlet and the outlet The ball port is connected.

In some embodiments, the absorbing ball shutdown device further includes a second travel switch, the second travel switch is installed on the end of the fourth plate away from the ball storage tank,

When the third plate is in contact with the second travel switch, the first plate is in contact with the holding member, and the ball opening and the ball outlet are misaligned.

In some embodiments, the first tube includes a first section and a second section, the cross-sectional area of the first section across the width of the ball tank is smaller than that of the second section in the ball tank. Cross-sectional area across the tank width.

In some embodiments, there are multiple goal openings and multiple ball exit openings, and a plurality of ball exit openings corresponds to a plurality of goal openings one-to-one.

In some embodiments, a flange part is also included, and one end of the flange part is connected with the housing.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an absorbing ball shutdown device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference signs:

first tube 1, second tube 2, first plate 3,

Lifting part 4, first wheel 401, second wheel 402, transmission chain 403, second plate 404,

Storage tank 5, accommodating cavity 501,

bracket 6, the first hole 601,

holding part 7, first coil 701, iron core 702,

Limiting member 8 , third plate 9 , fourth plate 10 , first travel switch 11 , second travel switch 12 , and flange member 13 .

Detailed ways

Embodiments of the invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below by referring to the figures are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

As shown in Figure 1, the absorbing ball shutdown device of the embodiment of the present invention includes a ball storage tank 5, a first pipe 1, a second pipe 2, a first plate 3 and a lifting member 4, and the ball storage tank 5 has an accommodating chamber 501 , the accommodating cavity 501 is suitable for storing absorbing balls, the first tube 1 is connected with the ball storage tank 5, the first tube 1 has a ball outlet, and the ball outlet is communicated with the accommodating cavity 501, and one end of the second tube 2 is suitable for extending into the first In the tube 1, one end of the second tube 2 is provided with a ball inlet, and the second pipe 2 can move relative to the first pipe 1 in the height direction of the ball storage tank 5 so that the ball inlet and the ball outlet are connected or dislocated, One end of the first plate 3 is connected to one end of the second pipe 2 protruding from the first pipe 1 , and the lifting member 4 can contact the first plate 3 to lift the second pipe 2 .

Specifically, as shown in Figure 1, there is an accommodating cavity 501 in the storage ball tank 5 to be suitable for accommodating absorbing balls, the shape of the storage ball tank 5 can be cylindrical, or the shape of the storage ball tank 5 can be other existing The shape is, for example, a truncated cone. The first pipe 1 extends up and down, and the second pipe 2 extends up and down. The lower end of the first pipe 1 is a hollow structure, that is, the ball drop channel. The first pipe 1 is also provided with a ball outlet, and the second pipe 2 is provided with a ball inlet. , the goal opening communicates with the falling ball channel so that the absorbing ball falls into the reactor.

The first pipe 1 is suitable for stretching into the ball storage tank 5, and the first pipe 1 is connected with the ball storage tank 5, and the ball outlet of the first pipe 1 is suitable for the passage of the absorption ball, and the absorption ball in the ball storage tank 5 can be Enter the goal hole through the ball outlet hole, and then the absorbing ball falls into the ball falling channel, and then the absorbing ball enters the nuclear reactor, and then the nuclear reactor shuts down.

The lower end of the second tube 2 is adapted to extend into the first tube 1, and the second tube 2 can move up and down so that the ball inlet and the ball outlet hole are connected or dislocated.

The upper end of the second pipe 2 is connected with the first plate 3, and the lifting part 4 can be connected with the first plate 3 to lift the first plate 3, for example, the lifting part 4 lifts the first plate 3 upwards, and then the first plate 3 drives The second pipe 2 is lifted upwards to keep the ball entrance and the ball exit away. When the second pipe 2 and the first plate 3 need to be moved downward, or when the absorbing ball shutdown device suddenly loses power, the lifting part 4 is powered off Or in the case of stopping work, that is, when the lifting part 4 is not giving the first plate 3 an upward lifting force, the second pipe 2 and the first plate 3 will descend under the action of gravity, and then the inlet port and the ball outlet hole will be communicated. It is convenient for the absorbing ball to enter the falling ball channel, and then shut down the reactor.

Optionally, the falling ball shutdown device also includes a shell, in which a ball storage tank 5, a first pipe 1, a second pipe 2 and a first plate 3 are arranged. By setting the shell, the stability of the falling ball shutdown device can be improved sex and safety.

In the stopping device for absorbing balls in the embodiment of the present invention, by setting the lifting part 4, the lifting part 4 can be in contact with the first plate 3 to move the first plate 3 upwards, or when the second pipe 2 needs to fall to move the ball When the hole is connected to the ball outlet, the second pipe 2 and the first plate 3 will descend under the action of gravity, and then the inlet and the ball outlet will be connected, so that the absorbing balls can enter the falling ball channel, and then the reactor will be shut down. In the related art, the ball screw and other transmission structures are used. In a closed and high-temperature chamber, it cannot be lubricated, and it is easy to cause the absorbing ball shutdown device to be stuck, which leads to the failure of the absorbing ball shutdown device to safely shut down. This application avoids the absorbing ball falling device The jamming improves the stability and safety of the absorbing ball falling device.

In some embodiments, the lifting component 4 includes a first wheel 401, a second wheel 402, a transmission chain 403 and a second plate 404, the outer peripheral surface of the first wheel 401 is in contact with the transmission chain 403, and the outer peripheral surface of the second wheel 402 is in contact with the transmission chain 403. The transmission chain 403 is in contact, and the transmission chain 403 is provided with a second plate 404 , the second plate 404 can be in contact with the first plate 3 to lift the second pipe 2 .

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1 , the first wheel 401 and the second wheel 402 are arranged oppositely in the up-down direction, the first wheel 401 rotates to drive the transmission chain 403 to rotate, the transmission chain 403 drives the second wheel 402 to rotate, and the second plate One end of 404 is connected with the transmission chain 403, and the transmission chain 403 rotates so that the second plate 404 contacts the first plate 3 to lift the first plate 3 upwards, and then the second pipe 2 is lifted upwards so that the ball enters the entrance and the ball exits. The misalignment of the mouth improves the stability and safety of the absorbing ball shutdown device.

In some embodiments, the absorbing ball shutdown device further includes a holding part 7, the holding part 7 is suitable for generating magnetic force, the first plate 3 is a magnetic plate, and the magnetic pole of the holding part 7 is opposite to that of the first plate 3, so as to The holding member 7 is in contact with the first plate 3 .

Specifically, as shown in Fig. 1, the absorbing ball shutdown device further includes a bracket 6, which has a first hole 601, and when the first plate 3 and the second pipe 2 are lifted upward, the first plate 3 at least partially passes through the first The hole 601 extends out of the support 6, and the lower end of the holding part 7 is installed on the upper end of the support 6. The holding part 7 is suitable for generating magnetic force. For example, the holding part 7 is energized to generate magnetic force. , the first plate 3 rises due to the magnetic force, which drives the second pipe 2 to rise, and then the first plate 3 and the holding member 7 are in contact with the magnetic force. When the holding part 7 is de-energized, the magnetic force of the holding part 7 disappears, and the first plate 3 and the second tube 2 fall due to gravity, so that the entrance and the exit are connected, and the balls are absorbed through the entry and exit Entering the falling ball channel, and then the absorbing ball enters the nuclear reactor, which improves the stability and safety of the absorbing ball shutdown device.

In some embodiments, the holding member 7 includes a first coil 701 and an iron core 702 , and the first coil 701 is wound on the iron core 702 .

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1 , the lower end of the iron core 702 is connected to the bracket 6, and the iron core 702 is suitable for winding a first coil 701, and the first coil 701 is suitable for electrification to make the holding member 7 generate a magnetic force, thereby holding the member 7 It can be in contact with the first plate 3 due to magnetic force, which improves the stability and safety of the absorbing ball shutdown device.

In some embodiments, the absorbing ball shutdown device further includes a stopper 8 , and the stopper 8 is sleeved on the end of the second pipe 2 protruding from the first pipe 1 .

Specifically, as shown in Figure 1, the limiter 8 is sleeved on the upper end of the second pipe 2, that is, the limiter 8 is located between the first plate 3 and the ball storage tank 5, and the second pipe 2 can drive the limiter 8 moves up and down, when the limiting part is in contact with the ball storage tank 5, the goal opening communicates with the ball exit, and then the absorbing ball can enter the falling ball channel through the entrance opening and the ball exit, and then the absorbing ball enters the nuclear reactor.

In some embodiments, the absorbing ball shutdown device further includes a third plate 9, a fourth plate 10 and a first travel switch 11, one end of the third plate 9 is connected to the limiter 8, and one end of the fourth plate 10 is connected to the storage ball The tanks 5 are connected, and the first travel switch 11 is installed on one end of the fourth plate 10, and when the third plate 9 moves to contact with the first travel switch 11, the inlet port communicates with the ball outlet port.

Specifically, as shown in Figure 1, one end of the third plate 9 is connected to the limiter 8, the fourth plate 10 extends up and down, the first travel switch 11 is arranged at the lower end of the fourth plate 10, and the second pipe 2 moves downward Drive the stopper 8 and the third plate 9 to move downward, when the third plate 9 is in contact with the first travel switch 11, at this moment, the ball entrance is communicated with the ball exit.

Optionally, the absorbing ball shutdown device further includes a second travel switch 12, the second travel switch 12 is installed on the end of the fourth plate 10 away from the ball storage tank 5, that is, the second travel switch 12 is installed on the upper end of the fourth plate 10 , when the third plate 9 is in contact with the second travel switch 12, the first plate 3 is in contact with the holding member 7, and the ball entrance and the ball exit are dislocated.

Optionally, the absorbing ball shutdown device further includes a control component, which is correspondingly connected to the first wheel 401 , the holding component 7 , the first travel switch 11 and the second travel switch 12 . The control part is suitable for controlling the rotation, stop or power-off of the first wheel 401. The control part is connected with the holding part 7 to open or close the magnetic force of the holding part 7. The control part is connected with the first travel switch 11 and the second travel switch 12 correspondingly. , when the first plate 3 is in contact with or separated from the first travel switch 11 and the second travel switch 12, the first travel switch 11 and the second travel switch 12 transmit signals to the control part, and the control part may also include a display screen to display The states of the first wheel 401, the holding part 7, the first travel switch 11 and the second travel switch 12 can be known and controlled without entering the housing. The state of the two-stroke switch 12 reduces the danger of nuclear radiation, thereby improving the stability and safety of the absorbing ball shutdown device.

In some embodiments, the first pipe 1 includes a first section and a second section, the cross-sectional area of the first section across the width of the ball tank 5 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the second section across the width of the ball tank 5 .

Specifically, the lower end of the first section is connected to the upper end of the second section, the cross-section of the first section in the left-right direction is smaller than the cross-section of the second section in the left-right direction, and the cross-section of the first section in the left-right direction is smaller than that of the second section. The cross-section of the second section in the left and right direction can reduce the nuclear radiation transmitted through the second tube 2 during the operation of the nuclear reactor, or reduce the escape of nuclear radiation materials through the second tube 2, thereby improving the stability of the absorbing ball shutdown device and security. Optionally, the first section may be a solid tube, the second section may be a hollow tube, and the first section and the second section are integrally formed.

Optionally, a preset gap is provided between the first tube 1 and the second tube 2, that is, there is a gap between the first tube 1 and the second tube 2, and the size of the preset gap is smaller than the diameter of the absorbing ball to prevent the absorbing ball from falling The preset gap also reduces the risk of nuclear radiation and the spread of nuclear radiation materials, thereby improving the stability and safety of the absorbing ball shutdown device.

In some embodiments, there are multiple goal openings and ball exit openings, and the multiple ball exit openings are in one-to-one correspondence with the multiple goal openings.

Specifically, the lower end of the first tube 1 is provided with a plurality of ball outlets, the lower end of the second pipe 2 is provided with a plurality of ball outlets, and the plurality of ball outlets correspond to the plurality of ball holes one by one, and the plurality of ball outlets correspond to each other. The ball port is connected to the upper end of the ball drop channel, and then the absorbing ball can enter the ball drop channel through multiple ball outlets and multiple goal holes to improve the efficiency of the absorbing ball entering the ball drop channel, thereby improving the stability and safety of the absorbing ball shutdown device sex.

In some embodiments, the absorbing ball shutdown device further includes a flange member 13, and one end of the flange member 13 is connected to the casing.

Specifically, the upper end of the flange member 13 is detachably connected with the lower end of the ball storage tank 5, further, the upper end of the flange member 13 can be connected with the housing, and the lower end of the flange member 13 is connected with the nuclear reactor pressure vessel. When replacing the absorbing ball shutdown device, disassemble the flange member 13 from the pressure vessel, and then replace the absorbing ball shutdown device.

In describing the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", " Back", "Left", "Right", "Vertical", "Horizontal", "Top", "Bottom", "Inner", "Outer", "Clockwise", "Counterclockwise", "Axial", The orientation or positional relationship indicated by "radial", "circumferential", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying the referred device or element Must be in a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and operate in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of these features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, terms such as "installation", "connection", "connection" and "fixation" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , or integrated; can be mechanically connected, can also be electrically connected or can communicate with each other; can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediary, can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components, Unless expressly defined otherwise. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the first feature may be in direct contact with the first feature or the first and second feature may be in direct contact with the second feature through an intermediary. touch. Moreover, "above", "above" and "above" the first feature on the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. "Below", "beneath" and "beneath" the first feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less horizontally than the second feature.

As used herein, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific examples," or "some examples" mean specific features, structures, materials, or features described in connection with the embodiment or example. A feature is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the described specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification without conflicting with each other.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, those skilled in the art can make the above-mentioned The embodiments are subject to changes, modifications, substitutions and variations.

Claims (10)

1. An absorption ball shutdown device, characterized in that it comprises: A ball storage tank, the ball storage tank has an accommodating cavity, and the accommodating cavity is suitable for storing absorbing balls; a first pipe, the first pipe is connected to the ball storage tank, the first pipe has a ball outlet, and the ball outlet communicates with the accommodation chamber; The second tube and the first plate, one end of the second tube is suitable for extending into the first tube, one end of the second tube is provided with a ball opening, and the second tube is in the ball storage tank It is movable relative to the first pipe in the height direction so that the ball opening and the ball outlet are connected or dislocated, and one end of the first plate is connected to the second pipe protruding from the first pipe. connected at one end; A lift member contactable with the first plate to lift the second tube. 2. The absorbing ball shutdown device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the lifting component comprises a first wheel, a second wheel, a transmission chain and a second plate, and the outer peripheral surface of the first wheel is in contact with the transmission chain. The outer peripheral surface of the second wheel is in contact with the transmission chain, the transmission chain is provided with the second plate, the second plate can be in contact with the first plate to lift the Describe the second tube. 3. The absorbing ball shutdown device according to claim 2, characterized in that it also includes a holding part, the holding part is suitable for generating magnetic force, the first plate is a magnetic plate, and the magnetic poles of the holding part are in contact with The magnetic poles of the first plate are reversed to bring the holding member into contact with the first plate. 4 . The absorbing ball shutdown device according to claim 3 , wherein the holding member comprises a first coil and an iron core, and the first coil is wound on the iron core. 5 . The absorbing ball shutdown device according to claim 2 , further comprising a stopper, and the stopper is sleeved on one end of the second pipe protruding from the first pipe. 6 . 6. The absorbing ball shutdown device according to claim 5, characterized in that it further comprises a third plate, a fourth plate and a first travel switch, one end of the third plate is connected with the limiter, and the One end of the fourth plate is connected to the ball storage tank, the first travel switch is installed on one end of the fourth plate, and when the third plate moves to contact the first travel switch, the The ball port communicates with the ball outlet. 7. The absorbing ball shutdown device according to claim 6, further comprising a second travel switch, the second travel switch is installed on the end of the fourth plate away from the ball storage tank, When the third plate is in contact with the second travel switch, the first plate is in contact with the holding member, and the ball opening and the ball outlet are misaligned. 8. The absorber ball shutdown device according to claim 1, wherein the first pipe comprises a first section and a second section, and the cross-sectional area of the first section on the width of the ball storage tank is less than the cross-sectional area of the second segment over the width of the ball tank. 9. The absorbing ball shutting down device according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, the number of the ball inlet and the ball outlet is multiple, and the number of the ball outlet and the multiple There is a one-to-one correspondence between the said goals. 10. The absorbing ball shutdown device according to any one of claims 1-9, further comprising a flange, one end of which is connected to the shell.

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