CN115291317B - Optical waveguide device, near-eye display module and near-eye display equipment - Google Patents
Optical waveguide device, near-eye display module and near-eye display equipment Download PDFInfo
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- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
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Abstract
The application discloses optical waveguide device, near-to-eye display module and near-to-eye display equipment relates to and shows technical field, can improve user's visual experience. The optical waveguide device includes: a first coupling element, a conductive array, and a second coupling element; the conductive array is composed of N first conductive elements and M second conductive elements; the first coupling element is configured to reflect light of the left eye image in the first polarization state received from the incident direction to the conductive array; the conductive array is configured to split the light of the left-eye image reflected by the first coupling element into N sub-light rays through the N first conductive elements; the second coupling element is configured to reflect light of the right eye image in the second polarization state received from the incident direction to the conductive array; the conductive array is further configured to: the light of the right eye image reflected by the second coupling element is split into M sub-lights by the M second conduction elements; the first polarization state and the second polarization state are perpendicular to each other.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of display, in particular to an optical waveguide device, a near-eye display module and near-eye display equipment.
Background
With the development of Augmented Reality (AR) technology, AR technology has been widely used in near-eye display devices. In existing near-eye display devices, an optical waveguide may be used to transmit an image. Specifically, when the user wears the near-eye display device, the left eye image may be coupled into the left eye optical waveguide, and directed to the left eye of the user via the left eye optical waveguide; at the same time, the right-eye image may be coupled into the right-eye optical waveguide, via which it is directed to the right eye of the user.
However, in the existing near-eye display device that transmits images by using an optical waveguide, an intermediate structure needs to be arranged as a support for the left-eye optical waveguide and the right-eye optical waveguide, and the arrangement of the intermediate structure may make the inner field angle of the near-eye display device unable to be adapted to the inner field angle of human eyes, which affects the visual experience of users.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides an optical waveguide device, near-to-eye display module assembly and near-to-eye display device, and this scheme can realize reducing the setting of near-to-eye display device's intermediate structure, improves user's visual experience.
In order to achieve the purpose, the following technical scheme is adopted in the application:
in a first aspect, the present application provides an optical waveguide device comprising: a first coupling element, a conductive array, and a second coupling element; the conductive array is composed of N first conductive elements and M second conductive elements; n and M are both positive integers; the first coupling element is configured to reflect light of the left eye image in the first polarization state received from the incident direction to the conductive array; the conductive array is configured to split the light of the left-eye image reflected by the first coupling element into N sub-light rays through the N first conductive elements; the second coupling element is configured to reflect light of the right eye image in the second polarization state received from the incident direction to the conductive array; the conductive array is further configured to: the light of the right eye image reflected by the second coupling element is split into M sub-lights by the M second conduction elements; the emergent directions of the N sub-rays and the M sub-rays meet preset conditions; the first polarization state and the second polarization state are perpendicular to each other.
In the technical scheme provided by the application, a first coupling element in the optical waveguide device can reflect the received light of the left-eye image in the first polarization state to the transmission array, and the transmission array is provided with N first transmission elements which can split the light of the left-eye image reflected by the first coupling element. The second coupling element in the optical waveguide device can reflect the received light of the right eye image in the second polarization state to the conducting array, and the conducting array is provided with M second conducting elements which can split the light of the right eye image reflected by the second coupling element. Because can carry out the beam split to the light of the left eye image and the light of the right eye image, so when the user wears the near-to-eye display device who is equipped with this optical waveguide device, the left eye image and the right eye image can be followed a plurality of visual angles respectively and get into people's eye, and like this, people's visual field scope is wider, and visual experience is better. In addition, in this application, the light of the left-eye image and the light of the right-eye image are in the first polarization state and the second polarization state respectively, and the first polarization state and the second polarization state are perpendicular to each other, so that the first conduction element can only change the transmission direction of the light of the left-eye image and the second conduction element can only change the transmission direction of the light of the right-eye image by setting the guide directions of the first conduction element and the second conduction element to the light of the first polarization state and the second polarization state. Therefore, the light of the left eye image and the light of the right eye image can be conducted in the same optical waveguide, the optical waveguides do not need to be arranged for the left eye and the right eye respectively, the arrangement of the middle structural part can be reduced, the adaptation degree of the inner side field angle of the near-eye display device and the inner side field angle of the human eyes is improved, and the visual experience of a user can be further improved.
Optionally, in a possible embodiment, the array inclination angles of the first coupling element and the second conductive element are both obtuse angles, and the array inclination angles of the second coupling element and the first conductive element are both acute angles; the array inclination angle is the minimum rotation angle passing from clockwise rotation parallel to the long axis direction of the optical waveguide device to parallel to the array direction;
the first conductive element is configured to be partially reflective and partially transmissive for light of a first polarization state and fully transmissive for light of a second polarization state;
the second conductive element is configured to be partially reflective and partially transmissive for light of the second polarization state and fully transmissive for light of the first polarization state.
Optionally, in another possible embodiment, the N first conductive elements are arranged in sequence on the right side of the first coupling element, the M second conductive elements are arranged in sequence on the right side of the N first conductive elements, and the second coupling element is arranged on the right side of the M second conductive elements; where the right side is the relative direction determined from the viewing angle based on the direction of incidence.
Alternatively, in another possible embodiment, the N first conductive elements and the M second conductive elements are arranged between the first coupling element and the second coupling element in a zigzag manner.
Optionally, in another possible embodiment, the first element in the conductive array is a first conductive element, and the last element in the conductive array is a second conductive element; the first element is an element adjacent to the first coupling element and the last element is an element adjacent to the second coupling element.
Optionally, in another possible embodiment, the reflectivities of the N first conductive elements are configured such that the light intensities of the N sub-lights split by the N first conductive elements are uniform; the reflectivities of the M second conductive elements are configured such that the light intensities of the M sub-lights split by the M second conductive elements are uniform.
Optionally, in another possible embodiment, the exit angles of the N sub-rays are all different, and in the N first conductive elements, the closer the first conductive element is to the first coupling element, the smaller the exit angle of the corresponding sub-ray is, and the farther the first conductive element is from the first coupling element, the larger the exit angle of the corresponding sub-ray is;
the exit angles of the M sub-rays are all different, and in the M second conduction elements, the closer the second conduction element is to the second coupling element, the larger the exit angle of the corresponding sub-ray is, and the farther the second conduction element is from the second coupling element, the smaller the exit angle of the corresponding sub-ray is; the exit angle of the sub-ray is a minimum rotation angle passing from a clockwise rotation parallel to the long axis direction of the optical waveguide device to the exit direction of the sub-ray.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a near-eye display module, including a first image source, a first polarizer, a second image source, a second polarizer, and an optical waveguide device as provided in any one of the embodiments of the first aspect;
a first image source for projecting source light of a left eye image to the first polarizer; the second image source is used for projecting source light of the right eye image to the second polarizer;
the first polarizer is used for converting the received source light of the left-eye image into light of the left-eye image in a first polarization state and injecting the light of the left-eye image into a first coupling element in the optical waveguide device based on the incident direction; the second polarizer is used for converting the source light of the received right eye image into the light of the right eye image in a second polarization state and injecting the light of the right eye image into the second coupling element in the optical waveguide device based on the incident direction; the second polarization state is vertical to the first polarization state;
the first polaroid is arranged in the left eye vision field and used for receiving N sub-rays split by N first conductive elements in the optical waveguide device; the second polaroid is arranged in the right eye visual field area and used for receiving M sub-rays split by M second conduction elements in the optical waveguide device; the emergent directions of the N sub-rays and the M sub-rays meet a preset condition.
Optionally, in a possible embodiment, the first polarizer is configured to allow only light of the first polarization state to pass through; the second polarizer is configured to allow only light of the second polarization state to pass through.
In a third aspect, the present application provides a near-eye display device, including a head-mounted component and the near-eye display module as provided in any one of the embodiments of the second aspect;
the first polaroid in the near-eye display module is used for guiding the light rays which penetrate through the first polaroid to the left eye of a user when the user wears the head-mounted part;
the second polarizer in the near-eye display module is used for guiding the light rays which penetrate through the second polarizer to the right eye of the user when the user wears the head-mounted part.
For the description of the second and third aspects in this application, reference may be made to the detailed description of the first aspect; in addition, for the beneficial effects described in the second aspect and the third aspect, reference may be made to the beneficial effect analysis of the first aspect, and details are not described here.
In the present application, the names of the devices or components referred to above do not constitute limitations, and in actual implementation, the devices or components may appear by other names. Insofar as the functions of the respective devices or components are similar to those of the present application, they are within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents.
These and other aspects of the present application will be more readily apparent from the following description.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an inner field angle when visual axes of two eyes are parallel according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a convergence movement of human eyes according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a conjugate motion of a human eye according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical waveguide device according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another optical waveguide device provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another optical waveguide device provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another optical waveguide device provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a near-eye display module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
The optical waveguide device, the near-eye display module, and the near-eye display apparatus provided in the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The terms "first" and "second" and the like in the description and drawings of the present application are used for distinguishing different objects or for distinguishing different processes for the same object, and are not used for describing a specific order of the objects.
Furthermore, the terms "including" and "having," and any variations thereof, as referred to in the description of the present application, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not limited to only those steps or elements recited, but may alternatively include other steps or elements not recited, or may alternatively include other steps or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or explanations. Any embodiment or design described herein as "exemplary" or "e.g.," is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, use of the word "exemplary" or "such as" is intended to present concepts related in a concrete fashion.
In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In existing near-eye display devices, an optical waveguide may be used to transmit an image. Specifically, when the user wears the near-eye display device, the left eye image may be coupled into the left eye optical waveguide, and directed to the left eye of the user via the left eye optical waveguide; at the same time, the right-eye image may be coupled into the right-eye optical waveguide, via which it is directed to the right eye of the user. However, in the existing near-eye display device that transmits images by using an optical waveguide, an intermediate structure needs to be arranged as a support for the left-eye optical waveguide and the right-eye optical waveguide, and the arrangement of the intermediate structure may make the inner field angle of the near-eye display device unable to be adapted to the inner field angle of human eyes, which affects the visual experience of users.
The inner field angle is an angle that can be observed in the direction of the nose bridge with the binocular visual axes of a person being parallel. Referring to fig. 1, a schematic diagram of an inboard field angle when the binocular viewing axes are parallel is provided. As shown in fig. 1, the angle a is an inner angle of view corresponding to the left eye, the angle b is an inner angle of view corresponding to the right eye, and the overlapping region of the inner angles of view of both eyes in fig. 1 is a shaded region.
The existing near-eye display equipment generally can be provided with an intermediate structure on the central line of the eyes, when the eyes are subjected to convergence movement (fig. 2 is a schematic view of the convergence movement of the eyes provided by the embodiment of the application), the inner side field angle provided by the near-eye display equipment cannot be matched with the field angle of the eyes, the eyes can see the intermediate structure, and when the intermediate structure inside the near-eye display equipment and the provided images simultaneously appear in the overlapped area of the inner side field angles of the eyes, the eyes can be caused to have visual field conflict and further have vertigo feeling.
When the human eyes generate conjugate motion (fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the human eyes generating conjugate motion provided by the embodiment of the present application), the inner-side field angle provided by the near-eye display device cannot be adapted to the field angle of the human eyes, and it may happen that the left eye or the right eye cannot see an image in the overlapping area of the inner-side field angles of the two eyes, and the condition for generating stereoscopic vision is lost, which is contrary to the observation habit of the human eyes.
To the problem that exists among the above-mentioned prior art, this application embodiment provides an optical waveguide device, and this optical waveguide device can use in near-to-eye display device, through setting up the direction of guide of first conduction component and second conduction component to the light of first polarization state and second polarization state, can make the light of left eye image and the light of right eye image conduct in same optical waveguide, need not to set up the optical waveguide respectively to left and right eyes, consequently can reduce the setting of middle structure, improve user's visual experience.
Referring to fig. 4, a schematic view of a possible structure of an optical waveguide device is provided in this embodiment of the present application, and the schematic view is specifically a top view of the optical waveguide device (in this embodiment, the schematic views of the structure of the optical waveguide device are both top views). As shown in fig. 4, an optical waveguide device may include a first coupling element, a conductive array, and a second coupling element.
Illustratively, the optical waveguide device may have a strip structure as shown in fig. 4, but may have other regular or irregular structures in practical applications.
The conductive array can be composed of N first conductive elements and M second conductive elements, where N and M are positive integers. It is to be understood that fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing three first conductive elements and three second conductive elements, and in practical applications, a user may determine the number of the first conductive elements and the second conductive elements according to requirements, which is not limited by the embodiment of the present application. For example, a number of first and second conductive elements may be added at corresponding locations of the ellipses in fig. 4.
Illustratively, the first coupling element, the second coupling element, the first conductive element, and the second conductive element may each be a lens.
As shown in fig. 4, the first coupling element is configured to reflect light rays of the left eye image in the first polarization state (indicated by arrow a in fig. 4) received from the incident direction to the conductive array; the conducting array is configured to split the light of the left-eye image reflected by the first coupling element into N sub-light rays (i.e., sub-light ray 1 in fig. 4, only 3 are shown in fig. 4 for convenience of drawing) via the N first conducting elements; the second coupling element is configured to reflect light rays (indicated by arrow B in fig. 4) of the right-eye image of the second polarization state received from the incident direction to the conductive array; the conductive array is further configured to: the light of the right-eye image reflected by the second coupling element is split into M sub-rays by the M second conductive elements (i.e., sub-ray 2 in fig. 4, and only 3 are shown in fig. 4 for convenience of drawing).
It should be noted that the arrangement of the first coupling element, the conducting array and the second coupling element, and the arrangement of the N first conducting elements and the M second conducting elements in the conducting array shown in fig. 4 are only examples, and do not constitute a limitation on the structure of the optical waveguide device. In practical applications, the same effects as those of the optical waveguide device provided in the embodiments of the present application can be achieved.
In one possible implementation, the optical waveguide device has a front side and a back side, that is, when the optical waveguide device is in use, light needs to be injected from the front side of the optical waveguide device (the front side of the optical waveguide device is shown with reference to the label in fig. 4). The incident direction in the embodiment of the present application is also the direction of incidence from the front surface of the optical waveguide device. Illustratively, the incident direction may be perpendicular to the front surface of the optical waveguide device.
The emergent directions of the N sub-rays and the M sub-rays meet a preset condition. The preset condition may be a predetermined condition. Illustratively, the exit direction may be from the front side of the optical waveguide device. The N sub-rays are sub-rays obtained by splitting by the N first conductive elements, and in the embodiment of the application, the light of the left-eye image can enter the visual field of human eyes from N visual angles by splitting the light of the left-eye image into the N sub-rays; by splitting the light of the right-eye image into M sub-lights, the light of the right-eye image can enter the field of vision of human eyes from M viewing angles. In this way, when a user wears the near-eye display device provided with the optical waveguide device, the range of the field of view in which the left-eye image and the right-eye image are seen by the human eye is wider.
In order to enable the first and second conductive elements in the conductive array to distinguish between light of the left eye image and light of the right eye image, the first and second polarization states are perpendicular to each other. Illustratively, the first polarization state may be left-handed 45 ° and the second polarization state may be right-handed 45 °.
In the optical waveguide device provided in the embodiment of the present application, the first coupling element may reflect the received light of the left-eye image in the first polarization state to the conducting array, and the conducting array is provided with N first conducting elements, which may split the light of the left-eye image reflected by the first coupling element. The second coupling element in the optical waveguide device can reflect the received light of the right eye image in the second polarization state to the conducting array, and the conducting array is provided with M second conducting elements which can split the light of the right eye image reflected by the second coupling element. Because can carry out the beam split to the light of the left eye image and the light of the right eye image, so when the user wears the near-to-eye display device who is equipped with this optical waveguide device, the left eye image and the right eye image can be followed a plurality of visual angles respectively and get into people's eye, and like this, people's visual field scope is wider, and visual experience is better.
In addition, in this application, the light of the left-eye image and the light of the right-eye image are in the first polarization state and the second polarization state respectively, and the first polarization state and the second polarization state are perpendicular to each other, so that the first conduction element can only change the transmission direction of the light of the left-eye image and the second conduction element can only change the transmission direction of the light of the right-eye image by setting the guide directions of the first conduction element and the second conduction element to the light of the first polarization state and the second polarization state. Therefore, the light of the left eye image and the light of the right eye image can be conducted in the same optical waveguide, the optical waveguides do not need to be arranged for the left eye and the right eye respectively, the arrangement of the middle structural part can be reduced, the adaptation degree of the inner side field angle of the near-eye display device and the inner side field angle of the human eyes is improved, and the visual experience of a user can be further improved.
Optionally, the array of first coupling elements and second conductive elements are angled at obtuse angles, and the array of second coupling elements and first conductive elements are angled at acute angles.
The array inclination angle is the minimum rotation angle passing from the direction parallel to the long axis of the optical waveguide device to the direction parallel to the array direction in a clockwise rotation mode. Exemplarily, as shown in fig. 5, the inclination angle of the array of the first coupling element is ≦ c, and the inclination angle of the array of the second coupling element is ≦ d.
The first conductive element is configured to be partially reflective and partially transmissive for light of a first polarization state and fully transmissive for light of a second polarization state; the second conductive element is configured to be partially reflective and partially transmissive for light of the second polarization state and fully transmissive for light of the first polarization state.
In the optical waveguide device provided by the embodiment of the application, the array inclination angle of the first coupling element is an obtuse angle, so that the first coupling element can reflect all the received light of the left-eye image in the first polarization state from the right side to the transmission array; the array of second coupling elements is tilted at an acute angle such that the second coupling elements reflect all received light from the right eye image of the second polarization state into the conductive array from the left side.
Here, the left and right sides referred to in the embodiments of the present application are relative directions determined based on the angle of view of the incident direction. For example, in fig. 5, arrow C points to the right.
In addition, in the optical waveguide device provided in the embodiment of the present application, through different coating requirements, the N first conductive elements may partially reflect and partially transmit only light in a first polarization state, and fully transmit light in a second polarization state perpendicular to the first polarization state. Also, the M second conductive elements may be made to be only partially reflective and partially transmissive for light of the second polarization state and fully transmissive for light of the first polarization state orthogonal to the second polarization state. Therefore, different film coating layers are arranged on the second conducting element and the first conducting element, so that the light of the left eye image and the light of the right eye image can be transmitted in two light paths in the same optical waveguide device, and the two light paths are not influenced by each other. When the optical waveguide device is applied to near-eye display equipment, only one optical waveguide device needs to be deployed, the optical waveguide devices do not need to be arranged for the left eye and the right eye respectively, and the arrangement of an intermediate structural member can be reduced. The reduction of intermediate structure spare can increase the coincidence region of the inboard angle of vision of both eyes, and like this, when people's eye was the movement of vergence or conjugate motion, the scope that both eyes can observe simultaneously is wider, and the stereoscopic vision effect of production more approaches the effect that people's eye actually watched to can promote the vision experience that people's eye wore near-to-eye display device.
Alternatively, in one possible embodiment, the N first conductive elements are arranged in sequence to the right of the first coupling element, the M second conductive elements are arranged in sequence to the right of the N first conductive elements, and the second coupling element is arranged to the right of the M second conductive elements.
By way of example, with reference to fig. 5, a possible schematic diagram of an optical waveguide device is provided. As shown in fig. 5, the optical waveguide device includes a first coupling element, a second coupling element, a first conductive element 1, a first conductive element 2, a first conductive element 3, a second conductive element 1, a second conductive element 2, and a second conductive element 3. The first coupling element and the second coupling element can reflect and guide the light rays in the first polarization state and the second polarization state; the first conductive element 1, the first conductive element 2 and the first conductive element 3 may be partially reflective and partially transmissive for the first polarization state and fully transmissive for the second polarization state; the second conductive element 1, the second conductive element 2, and the second conductive element 3 may be partially reflective and partially transmissive for the second polarization state and fully transmissive for the first polarization state.
As shown in fig. 5, when receiving the light of the left-eye image in the first polarization state (indicated by arrow a in fig. 5), the first coupling element may reflect the received light to the first conductive element 1; the first conductive element 1 may partially reflect the received light (the reflection direction corresponds to arrow a in fig. 5), and may partially transmit the received light to the first conductive element 2; the first conductive element 2 may partially reflect the received light (the reflection direction corresponds to arrow b in fig. 5), and may partially transmit the received light to the first conductive element 3; the first conductive element 3 may partially reflect the received light (the reflection direction corresponds to arrow c in fig. 5) and may partially transmit the received light.
It can be understood that in practical applications, a greater number of first conductive elements and second conductive elements may be disposed in the conductive array, and the light of the left-eye image may be totally reflected to the left-eye viewing area through the first conductive elements by adjusting the array inclination angle of the conductive elements, that is, the light of the left-eye image may be totally reflected to the left-eye viewing area through the plurality of first conductive elements in the left half area, and may not be transmitted to the second conductive element on the right side.
As shown in fig. 5, when receiving light of the right-eye image in the second polarization state (indicated by arrow B in fig. 5), the second coupling element may reflect the received light to the second conductive element 1; the second conductive element 1 can partially reflect the received light (the direction of reflection corresponds to the arrow f in fig. 5) and can partially transmit the received light to the second conductive element 2; the second conductive element 2 can partially reflect the received light (the direction of reflection corresponds to the arrow e in fig. 5) and can partially transmit the received light, passing to the second conductive element 3; the second conductive element 3 may partially reflect the received light (the direction of reflection corresponds to arrow d in fig. 5) and may partially transmit the received light.
Similarly, in practical applications, a greater number of first conductive elements and second conductive elements may be disposed in the conductive array, and the light of the right-eye image may be totally reflected to the right-eye field area through the second conductive elements by adjusting the array inclination angle of the conductive elements, that is, the light of the right-eye image may be totally reflected to the right-eye field area through the second conductive elements in the right half area, and may not be transmitted to the first conductive element on the left side.
It is understood that fig. 5 is only an example, and in practical applications, the number of the first conductive elements and the second conductive elements is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
Optionally, in a possible embodiment, the N first conductive elements and the M second conductive elements are arranged between the first coupling element and the second coupling element in a zigzag manner. Illustratively, fig. 4, 6 and 7 provide optical waveguide devices in which the N first conductive elements and the M second conductive elements are arranged in a zigzag manner.
Referring to fig. 6, a possible schematic diagram of an optical waveguide device is provided. As shown in fig. 6, the optical waveguide device includes a first coupling element, a second coupling element, a first conductive element 1, a first conductive element 2, a second conductive element 1, and a second conductive element 2. The first coupling element and the second coupling element can reflect and guide the light rays in the first polarization state and the second polarization state; the first conductive element 1 and the first conductive element 2 can perform partial reflection and partial transmission guiding on the light in the first polarization state and perform full transmission guiding on the light in the second polarization state; the second conductive element 1 and the second conductive element 2 may be partially reflective and partially transmissive for light of the second polarization state and fully transmissive for light of the first polarization state.
As shown in fig. 6, when receiving the light of the left-eye image in the first polarization state (indicated by arrow a in fig. 6), the first coupling element may reflect the received light to the second conductive element 1; the second conductive element 1 can transmit the received light to the first conductive element 1; the first conductive element 1 can partially reflect the received light (the direction of reflection corresponds to arrow b in fig. 6) and can partially transmit the received light, passing to the second conductive element 2; the second conductive element 2 may transmit the received light to the first conductive element 2; the first conductive element 2 may partially reflect the received light (the reflection direction corresponds to arrow d in fig. 6) and may partially transmit the received light to another second conductive element adjacent to the first conductive element 2 (only a small number of conductive elements are shown in fig. 6 for convenience of drawing, and in practical applications, the number in the conductive array may be larger).
As shown in fig. 6, when receiving light of the right-eye image in the second polarization state (indicated by arrow B in fig. 6), the second coupling element may reflect the received light to the first conductive element 2; the first conductive element 2 may transmit the received light to the second conductive element 2; the second conductive element 2 may partially reflect the received light (the reflection direction corresponds to arrow c in fig. 6), and may partially transmit the received light to the first conductive element 1; the first conductive element 1 can transmit the received light to the second conductive element 1; the second conductive element 1 may partially reflect the received light (the reflection direction corresponds to arrow a in fig. 6), and may partially transmit the received light to another first conductive element adjacent to the second conductive element 1.
In the optical waveguide device provided in the embodiment of the present application, compared with other arrangement manners (for example, the arrangement manner in fig. 5), the transmission array arranged in a zigzag manner has a wider field of view covered by the sub-light after splitting the left-eye image and the right-eye image. Therefore, when the optical waveguide device is applied to near-eye display equipment, the overlapping area of the field angles on the inner sides of the two eyes is wider, and when the eyes do convergence movement or conjugate movement, the range which can be observed by the two eyes is wider simultaneously, so that the visual experience of wearing the near-eye display equipment by the eyes can be further improved.
Alternatively, referring to fig. 7, the embodiment of the present application further provides a possible schematic diagram of an optical waveguide device. As shown in fig. 7, the first element in the conductive array is the first conductive element and the last element in the conductive array is the second conductive element; wherein the first element is an element adjacent to the first coupling element and the last element is an element adjacent to the second coupling element.
In the optical waveguide device provided by the embodiment of the application, the elements in the conducting array are sequentially connected, and no gap exists in the middle, so that the first conducting elements and the second conducting elements with more quantity can be arranged in the optical waveguide device with the limited structural volume, and the quantity of the sub-light rays for light splitting is more. Therefore, when the optical waveguide device is applied to near-eye display equipment, the visual field range of human eyes is wider, and the visual experience is better.
Optionally, the reflectivities of the N first conductive elements are configured such that the light intensities of the N sub-lights split by the N first conductive elements are uniform; the reflectivities of the M second conductive elements are configured such that the light intensities of the M sub-lights split by the M second conductive elements are uniform. In this way, the visual experience of the human eye can be further improved.
For example, if the energy of the light ray of the left-eye image is 1,N, the first of the N first conductive elements is the leftmost element, and the last of the N first conductive elements is the rightmost element, the reflectivity of the ith first conductive element of the N first conductive elements is Ri = 1/(N- (i-1)).
If the energy of the light ray of the right-eye image is 1,M, the first of the M second conductive elements is the rightmost element, and the last of the M second conductive elements is the leftmost element, then the reflectivity of the jth of the M second conductive elements is Rj = 1/(M- (j-1)).
Optionally, the exit angles of the N sub-rays are all different, and in the N first conductive elements, the closer the first conductive element is to the first coupling element, the smaller the exit angle of the corresponding sub-ray is, and the farther the first conductive element is from the first coupling element, the larger the exit angle of the corresponding sub-ray is; the exit angles of the M sub-rays are all different, and in the M second conduction elements, the closer the second conduction element is to the second coupling element, the larger the exit angle of the corresponding sub-ray is, and the farther the second conduction element is from the second coupling element, the smaller the exit angle of the corresponding sub-ray is.
The exit angle of the sub-ray is a minimum rotation angle passing from a direction parallel to the long axis of the optical waveguide device to the exit direction of the sub-ray in a clockwise direction. For example, in fig. 7, angle 1, angle 2 and angle 3 are the outgoing angles of the sub-rays.
Exemplarily, as shown in fig. 7, the closer the first conductive element is to the first coupling element, the smaller the outgoing angle of the corresponding sub-light is, from left to right, the gradually increased among the angle 1, the angle 2 and the angle 3, the minimum angle 1, and the maximum angle 3.
It should be noted that, for convenience of illustration, the N first conductive elements are arranged in parallel, and the M second conductive elements are arranged in parallel. In practical applications, when the required N sub-light rays have different exit angles, the array tilt angles of the N first conductive elements are different, and likewise, when the required M sub-light rays have different exit angles, the array tilt angles of the M second conductive elements are different.
In the embodiment of the application, the array inclination angle of the first conductive element can be adjusted, so that the emergent angle of the N sub-rays is matched with the observation visual field of the left eye when the human eyes observe, and the array inclination angle of the second conductive element can be adjusted, so that the emergent angle of the M sub-rays is matched with the observation visual field of the right eye when the human eyes observe, and the visual experience can be further improved.
Referring to fig. 8, an embodiment of the present application further provides a near-eye display module. As shown in fig. 8, the near-eye display module may include a first image source, a first polarizer, a second image source, a second polarizer, and an optical waveguide device as provided in any one of the embodiments of the present application.
Wherein the first image source is used for projecting source light of a left-eye image to the first polarizer; the first polarizer is arranged between the first image source and the optical waveguide device and used for converting the received source light of the left-eye image into light of the left-eye image in a first polarization state and injecting the light of the left-eye image into a first coupling element in the optical waveguide device based on an incidence direction; the first polarizer is arranged in the left eye vision field and used for receiving N sub-rays split by N first conductive elements in the optical waveguide device.
The second image source is used for projecting source light of the right eye image to the second polarizer; the second polarizer is arranged between a second image source and the optical waveguide device and used for converting the source light of the received right eye image into the light of the right eye image in a second polarization state and injecting the light of the right eye image into the second coupling element in the optical waveguide device based on the incidence direction; the second polaroid is arranged in the right eye visual field area and used for receiving the M sub-rays split by the M second transmission elements in the optical waveguide device.
Illustratively, the first image source and the second image source may be a Digital micro-mirror Device (DMD) Display Device, a Liquid Crystal On Silicon (LCOS) Display Device, a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) Display Device, an Organic Light-Emitting Diode (oled) Display Device, or the like. The source light of the left eye image and the source light of the right eye image provided by the first image source and the second image source are images with parallax.
Optionally, the first polarizer is configured to allow only light in the first polarization state to pass through; the second polarizer is configured to allow only light of the second polarization state to pass through.
In practical applications, no matter how the array tilt angles of the first conductive element and the second conductive element are adjusted, the sub-rays split by the first conductive element may enter the right eye visual field area, and the sub-rays split by the second conductive element may enter the left eye visual field area. Therefore, in order to ensure that the light of the left-eye image cannot enter the right-eye visual field region and ensure that the light of the right-eye image cannot enter the left-eye visual field region, in the embodiment of the present application, the first polarizer which only transmits the light of the left-eye image can be arranged at the position close to the left eye, and correspondingly, the second polarizer which only transmits the light of the right-eye image can be arranged at the position close to the right eye. Thus, the left and right eyes can observe images with parallax, resulting in a stereoscopic effect. Further, the first polarizer and the second polarizer may have structures similar to eyeballs, so that the visual experience is better.
For the explanation of the related contents in this embodiment, reference may be made to the related description of the optical waveguide device, and the description thereof is omitted here.
The embodiment of the application also provides near-eye display equipment, which comprises a head-wearing part and a near-eye display module provided by the embodiment of the application; the first polaroid in the near-eye display module is used for guiding the light rays penetrating through the first polaroid to the left eye of the user when the user wears the head-mounted part; the second polarizer in the near-eye display module is used for guiding the light rays which penetrate through the second polarizer to the right eye of the user when the user wears the head-mounted part.
It is to be understood that, in practical applications, other components may also be included in the near-eye display device, and the embodiments of the present application only describe related components, and do not constitute a limitation on the near-eye display device.
For the explanation of the related content in this embodiment, reference may be made to the related description of the optical waveguide device, and details are not repeated here.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present disclosure should be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. An optical waveguide device, comprising: a first coupling element, a conductive array, and a second coupling element; the conductive array is composed of N first conductive elements and M second conductive elements; n and M are positive integers;
the first coupling element is configured to reflect light of a left eye image of a first polarization state received from an incident direction to the conductive array; the conductive array is configured to split the light of the left eye image reflected by the first coupling element into N sub-light rays through the N first conductive elements;
the second coupling element is configured to reflect light of the right-eye image in the second polarization state received from the incident direction to the conductive array; the conductive array is further configured to: splitting the light of the right eye image reflected by the second coupling element into M sub-light rays through the M second conduction elements; the emergent directions of the N sub-rays and the M sub-rays meet a preset condition; the first polarization state and the second polarization state are perpendicular to each other;
the array tilt angles of the first coupling element and the second conductive element are both obtuse angles, and the array tilt angles of the second coupling element and the first conductive element are both acute angles; the array inclination angle is a minimum rotation angle passing from clockwise rotation parallel to the long axis direction of the optical waveguide device to parallel to the array direction;
the first conductive element is configured to be partially reflective and partially transmissive for light of the first polarization state and fully transmissive for light of the second polarization state;
the second conductive element is configured to be in partially reflective, partially transmissive conduction for light of the second polarization state and to be in full transmissive conduction for light of the first polarization state;
the N first conductive elements and the M second conductive elements are arranged between the first coupling elements and the second coupling elements in a zigzag-shaped cross arrangement.
2. The optical waveguide device of claim 1 wherein a first element in the conductive array is the first conductive element and a last element in the conductive array is the second conductive element; the first element is an element adjacent to the first coupling element, and the last element is an element adjacent to the second coupling element.
3. The optical waveguide device according to claim 1, wherein the reflectance of the N first conductive elements is configured such that the light intensities of the N sub-light split by the N first conductive elements are uniform; the M second conductive elements have reflectivities configured such that the M sub-rays split by the M second conductive elements have uniform ray intensities.
4. The optical waveguide device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the exit angles of the N sub-rays are all different, and in the N first conductive elements, the closer the first conductive element is to the first coupling element, the smaller the exit angle of the corresponding sub-ray is, and the farther the first conductive element is from the first coupling element, the larger the exit angle of the corresponding sub-ray is;
the exit angles of the M sub-rays are all different, and in the M second conducting elements, the closer the second conducting element is to the second coupling element, the larger the exit angle of the corresponding sub-ray is, and the farther the second conducting element is from the second coupling element, the smaller the exit angle of the corresponding sub-ray is; the exit angle of the sub-ray is a minimum rotation angle passing from a clockwise rotation parallel to the long axis direction of the optical waveguide device to the exit direction of the sub-ray.
5. A near-eye display module comprising a first image source, a first polarizer, a second image source, a second polarizer, and the optical waveguide device of any one of claims 1-4;
the first image source is used for projecting source light rays of a left eye image to the first polarizer; the second image source is used for projecting source light of the right eye image to the second polarizer;
the first polarizer is used for converting the received source light of the left-eye image into light of the left-eye image in a first polarization state and injecting the light of the left-eye image into a first coupling element in the optical waveguide device based on an incidence direction; the second polarizer is used for converting the received source light of the right eye image into light of the right eye image in a second polarization state and emitting the light of the right eye image into the second coupling element in the optical waveguide device based on the incident direction; the second polarization state is perpendicular to the first polarization state;
the first polarizer is arranged in the left eye vision field and used for receiving N sub-rays split by N first conductive elements in the optical waveguide device; the second polarizer is arranged in a right eye visual field area and used for receiving M sub-rays split by M second conduction elements in the optical waveguide device; the emitting directions of the N sub-rays and the M sub-rays meet preset conditions.
6. The near-eye display module of claim 5, wherein the first polarizer is configured to allow only light of the first polarization state to pass therethrough; the second polarizer is configured to allow only the light of the second polarization state to pass through.
7. A near-eye display device comprising a head-mounted component and the near-eye display module of claim 5;
the first polaroid in the near-eye display module is used for guiding the light penetrating through the first polaroid to the left eye of a user when the user wears the head-wearing part;
and the second polaroid in the near-eye display module is used for guiding the light penetrating through the second polaroid to the right eye of the user when the user wears the head-wearing part.
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