CN115290458B - Device and method for testing lignin-modified powdery clay resilience modulus - Google Patents
Device and method for testing lignin-modified powdery clay resilience modulus Download PDFInfo
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- CN115290458B CN115290458B CN202210426328.4A CN202210426328A CN115290458B CN 115290458 B CN115290458 B CN 115290458B CN 202210426328 A CN202210426328 A CN 202210426328A CN 115290458 B CN115290458 B CN 115290458B
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- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
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Abstract
The invention discloses a lignin modified powdery clay resilience modulus testing device and a testing method, which belong to the field of performance detection of lignin modified powdery clay roads. According to the invention, by arranging the recording mechanism, the effect of simply, conveniently and directly showing the rebound modulus of the lignin-modified powdery clay is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of performance detection of lignin-modified powdery clay roads, in particular to a device and a method for testing the resilience modulus of lignin-modified powdery clay.
Background
The resilience modulus is the ratio of the stress generated by the roadbed, the pavement and the road building material under the action of load to the corresponding resilience strain, the resilience modulus of the soil foundation represents the capability of resisting vertical deformation of the soil foundation under the action of vertical load in the elastic deformation stage, and if the vertical load is a fixed value, the larger the resilience modulus value of the soil foundation is, the smaller the vertical displacement is; if the vertical displacement is a fixed value, the larger the value of the resilience modulus, the larger the capacity of the soil foundation for bearing the external load, and therefore, the resilience modulus is adopted as an index of the deformation resistance of the soil foundation in the pavement design.
In seasonal freezing areas, the roadbed soil is thawed and melted in spring, the water content of the roadbed soil is increased due to melting of ice crystals accumulated on the upper part of a roadbed soil layer, and the powdery clay has poor drainage capacity, the upper layer of the roadbed is softened, the strength is reduced, and under the repeated action of vehicle load, structural rutting occurs on the light road surface, the driving speed is limited, the heavy road surface is cracked and muddy, and the roadbed deforms too much and is unstable.
In recent years, during investigation of road operation conditions in northern severe cold regions, it is found that subgrade frozen injury filled with powdery clay is remarkable, when the lignin-improved powdery clay is applied to subgrade engineering in cold regions, exploratory research on engineering properties and durability of the lignin-improved powdery clay is required, and at present, when the rebound modulus of lignin-improved cohesive soil is detected, the detection method and the detection instrument are complex in operation, so that the detection process is complicated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for testing the resilience modulus of lignin-modified powdery clay, which have the advantage of simple operation and solve the problem of complex detection of the conventional device.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a lignin improvement silty clay resilience modulus testing arrangement, comprises a workbench, fixedly connected with riser on the workstation, sliding connection has the jib on the riser, the jib receives the vertical reciprocal slip of external power drive, the bottom fixedly connected with rectangle pole of jib, the bottom fixedly connected with limiting plate of rectangle pole, sliding connection has branch on the limiting plate, the bottom fixedly connected with balancing weight of branch, sliding connection has the platform of placing on the workstation, place the semicircle board that rotates on the platform, the quantity of semicircle board is four, and per two semicircle boards mutually support and be two sets of settings, and is two sets of place the lignin improvement silty clay sample around the freeze-thaw cycle effect in the drum that the semicircle board is constituteed, balancing weight and lignin improvement silty clay sample intermittent type offset, be equipped with the record mechanism that is used for taking notes the displacement after the balancing weight contacts lignin improvement silty clay sample on the riser, record mechanism includes the installing frame, installing the record board on the installing frame.
Preferably, record mechanism still includes first rack and second rack, set up on the jib with supply first rack and second rack fixed connection's rectangle through-hole, it is connected with the pivot to rotate on the riser, it is connected with first gear and second gear to rotate in the pivot, first gear and first rack toothing, second gear and second rack meshing.
Preferably, the recording mechanism further comprises two ratchet wheels fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, the two ratchet wheels are located between the first gear and the second gear, the first gear and the second gear are both rotatably connected with pawls, the first gear and the second gear are both fixedly connected with elastic pieces, the elastic pieces respectively abut against the corresponding pawls, and the two pawls respectively abut against teeth on the closest ratchet wheel intermittently.
Preferably, the recording mechanism further comprises a third rack mounted on the mounting frame, and a third gear meshed with the third rack is fixedly connected to one end, far away from the hanger rod, of the rotating shaft.
Preferably, record mechanism still includes the mounting panel of fixed connection on branch, the fixedly connected with lantern ring on the mounting panel, sliding connection has the recording pen in the lantern ring, intermittent sliding connection between recording pen and recording board, fixedly connected with magnetism lifts the board on the rectangular rod, the one end that is close to magnetism and lifts the board on the recording pen is equipped with lifts the magnet that the board was inhaled mutually with magnetism, just the recording pen is close to the one end that magnetism lifted the board and magnetism lifting board sliding connection, the spring has been cup jointed on the rectangular rod, the both ends of spring offset with limiting plate and branch respectively.
Preferably, be equipped with on the installing frame and be used for switching around the freeze thawing cycle effect lignin improvement silty clay sample carry out the switching mechanism that tests, switching mechanism includes that fixed connection keeps away from the extension rod in the record board one side on the installing frame, place bench fixedly connected with extension board, fixedly connected with erection column on the extension board, set up on the workstation with extension board and erection column complex groove, fixedly connected with extension spring between extension rod and the erection column.
Preferably, the switching mechanism still includes the electric telescopic handle of fixed connection on the workstation, set up on the workstation with electric telescopic handle output complex through-hole, electric telescopic handle's output offsets with placing platform intermittent type, be equipped with the pressure sensitive switch who is used for controlling electric telescopic handle on the lantern ring, fixedly connected with offsets with pressure sensitive switch intermittent type's clamp plate on the recording pen.
Preferably, be equipped with the release mechanism that is used for releasing lignin improvement silty clay sample after the semicircle inboard detects on the workstation, release mechanism includes spacing, spacing and semicircle board intermittent type sliding connection, the lower fixed surface of semicircle board is connected with the bull stick, the board is dialled to the bottom fixedly connected with of bull stick, fixedly connected with and the bumping post that dialls board intermittent type counterbalance on the workstation.
A testing method of a lignin modified silty clay resilience modulus testing device comprises the following steps:
s1: a preparation stage;
preparing required lignin modified powdery clay samples, wherein one group of samples is samples before the freeze-thaw cycle action, and the other group of samples after the freeze-thaw cycle action, and placing the samples in a cylinder formed by semicircular plates;
s2: detecting the sample;
the lifting rod is driven to descend by external power such as a hydraulic press or a motor, the spring is compressed when the balancing weight is not in contact with the sample in the initial stage, the bearing force spring of the pressed sample to the balancing weight is not compressed when the balancing weight is in contact with the sample, the lifting plate is in contact with the recording pen at the moment, the recording pen is extruded by the lifting plate and extends towards the direction of the recording plate and is in contact with the recording plate, the recording pen can leave traces on the recording plate at the moment, and the balancing weight is kept to continuously apply pressure to the sample for a certain time;
s3: obtaining the modulus of resilience;
control the jib after lasting to sample application of pressure for a certain time and rise, because the weight of balancing weight is unchangeable, and then rise when the jib makes the recording pen withdraw in the twinkling of an eye the balancing weight no longer to apply pressure to the sample, take the recording pen lapse when the balancing weight is applied pressure to the sample, and make the mounting frame unidirectional sliding when the jib goes up and down, and then the recording pen goes out the curve on the recording plate, the distance between highest point and the lowest point through measuring the curve reachs the high variation volume of sample, the height record after the sample loading does L 0 The height after unloading is recorded as L, according to the formula epsilon = (L-L) 0 ) L, calculating to obtain rebound strain, wherein the area of the lower end face of the balancing weight is equal to the area of the upper end face of the cylindrical sample, the mass of the balancing weight is the load P, the original sectional area of the sample is equal to the area of the lower end face of the balancing weight and is recorded as A 0 The stress σ = P/A is calculated 0 The modulus of resilience is sigma/epsilon;
s4: switching the detection samples;
the pressure-sensitive switch can be extruded when the recording pen extends out, the electric telescopic rod supports the placing table to prevent the placing table from moving, the lifting rod rises and falls to enable the mounting frame to stretch the tension spring, the first sample is detected when the recording pen is retracted, the pressure-sensitive switch is not extruded at the moment, the electric telescopic rod does not support the placing table any more, the tension spring energy is released to enable the placing table to move, the other sample is positioned at the lower part of the balancing weight, and the rebound modulus of the other sample can be detected by repeating the steps of S2 and S3;
s5: the detection personnel observe the detected sample;
the semicircular plate on the placing table moves towards the stop pillar when the placing table moves, the semicircular plate does not contact with the limiting strip when the shifting plate contacts the stop pillar, the stop pillar and the shifting plate move relatively to expand the two matched semicircular plates, and a detector can observe a sample and see whether the sample is cracked under pressure.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, by arranging the recording mechanism, the effect of simply, conveniently and directly showing the rebound modulus of the lignin-modified powdery clay is achieved.
2. According to the invention, by arranging the switching mechanism, the effect of detecting and comparing the resilience modulus of the lignin modified powdery clay before and after the freeze-thawing action is achieved.
3. By arranging the release mechanism, the invention achieves the effect that a tester can conveniently observe whether the lignin modified powdery clay sample is cracked by pressure to judge the bearing capacity limit of the lignin modified powdery clay sample.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the general structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the boom of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of portion A of FIG. 2 according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a recording pen according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the tension spring of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the release mechanism of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a work table; 11. a vertical plate; 12. a limiting strip; 2. a boom; 21. a rectangular bar; 22. lifting the plate; 23. a limiting plate; 24. a spring; 25. a first rack; 26. a second rack; 27. a rotating shaft; 271. A third gear; 272. a ratchet wheel; 28. a second gear; 281. a pawl; 282. a spring plate; 29. a first gear; 3. installing a frame; 31. a third rack; 32. a recording plate; 33. an extension pole; 34. a tension spring; 4. A strut; 41. mounting a plate; 42. a collar; 43. a pressure sensitive switch; 44. a stylus pen; 45. pressing a plate; 46. A counterweight block; 5. a placing table; 51. an extension plate; 52. mounting a column; 53. a semicircular plate; 54. a rotating rod; 55. Pulling a plate; 56. a bumping post; 57. an electric telescopic rod.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example one
The invention provides a technical scheme that: lignin improvement silty clay resilience modulus testing arrangement, comprises a workbench 1, fixedly connected with riser 11 on the workstation 1, sliding connection has jib 2 on riser 11, jib 2 receives the vertical reciprocal slip of external power drive, the bottom fixedly connected with rectangular rod 21 of jib 2, the bottom fixedly connected with limiting plate 23 of rectangular rod 21, sliding connection has branch 4 on the limiting plate 23, the bottom fixedly connected with balancing weight 46 of branch 4, sliding connection has the platform 5 of placing on the workstation 1, it has the semicircle board 53 of rotating connection on the platform 5 to place, the quantity of semicircle board 53 is four, and per two semicircle boards 53 mutually support and be two sets of settings, place lignin improvement silty clay sample around the circulation effect in the drum that two sets of semicircle boards 53 are constituteed, balancing weight 46 offsets with lignin improvement silty clay sample intermittent type, be equipped with on riser 11 and be used for taking notes the record mechanism of the displacement after balancing weight 46 contacts lignin improvement silty clay sample, record mechanism includes installing frame 3, installing frame 3 sliding connection is on installing record board 32 on installing frame 3.
Referring to fig. 1, samples of lignin-modified mealy clay, one set of samples before freeze-thaw cycling and the other set of samples after freeze-thaw cycling, were prepared and placed in a cylinder formed by half-round plates 53.
Further, the recording mechanism further comprises a first rack 25 and a second rack 26, a rectangular through hole fixedly connected with the first rack 25 and the second rack 26 is formed in the suspension rod 2, a rotating shaft 27 is rotatably connected to the vertical plate 11, a first gear 29 and a second gear 28 are rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 27, the first gear 29 is meshed with the first rack 25, and the second gear 28 is meshed with the second rack 26.
Referring to fig. 2 and 4, the first rack 25 and the second rack 26 on the boom 2 are respectively engaged with the first gear 29 and the second gear 28, and the lifting of the boom 2 can drive the first gear 29 and the second gear 28 to synchronously rotate in opposite directions, that is, the first gear 29 rotates counterclockwise when the boom 2 descends.
Further, the recording mechanism further comprises two ratchet wheels 272 fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 27, the two ratchet wheels 272 are located between the first gear 29 and the second gear 28, the first gear 29 and the second gear 28 are both rotatably connected with pawls 281, the first gear 29 and the second gear 28 are both fixedly connected with spring pieces 282, the two spring pieces 282 respectively abut against the corresponding pawls 281, and the two pawls 281 respectively abut against teeth on the closest ratchet wheel 272.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the second gear 28 rotates clockwise, at this time, the pawl 281 on the first gear 29 can push the adjacent ratchet 272, and the pawl 281 on the second gear 28 cannot push the adjacent ratchet 272, so that the ratchet 272 rotates counterclockwise, otherwise, when the suspension rod 2 ascends, the second gear 28 rotates counterclockwise, at this time, the pawl 281 on the second gear 28 pushes the adjacent ratchet 272, so that the ratchet 272 drives the rotating shaft 27 to rotate counterclockwise, and further, the lifting of the suspension rod 2 can make the rotating shaft 27 continuously rotate counterclockwise, and further, the third gear 271 fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 27 only rotates counterclockwise.
Further, the recording mechanism further comprises a third rack 31 installed on the mounting frame 3, and a third gear 271 engaged with the third rack 31 is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft 27 far away from the suspension rod 2.
Referring to fig. 2 and 4, the third rack 31 on the mounting frame 3 is engaged with the third gear 271, so that the mounting frame 3 can slide in a single direction, when the mounting frame 3 slides to the end, the third rack 31 is taken off from the mounting frame 3, so that the mounting frame 3 can be reset manually, at the moment, the curve of the balance weight 46 falling of the recording pen 44 on the recording plate 32 can be made by the cooperation of the falling of the recording pen 44 and the horizontal movement of the mounting frame 3, the height variation of the sample can be obtained by measuring the distance between the highest position and the lowest position of the curve, and the height after the sample is loaded is recorded as L 0 The height after unloading is recorded as L, according to the formula epsilon = (L-L) 0 ) L, calculating the rebound strain, wherein the area of the lower end surface of the balancing weight 46 is equal to the area of the upper end surface of the cylindrical sample, and the mass of the balancing weight 46 is the loadP, the original cross-sectional area of the sample is equal to the area of the lower end surface of the weight 46 and is marked A 0 The stress σ = P/A is calculated 0 The modulus of resilience is σ/ε.
Further, record mechanism still includes mounting panel 41 of fixed connection on branch 4, fixedly connected with lantern ring 42 on the mounting panel 41, sliding connection has the recording pen 44 in the lantern ring 42, recording pen 44 and record board 32 intermittent type sliding connection, fixedly connected with magnetism lifts board 22 on the rectangular rod 21, the one end that is close to magnetism and lifts board 22 on the recording pen 44 is equipped with the magnet that lifts board 22 looks and inhale with magnetism, and the one end that recording pen 44 is close to magnetism and lifts board 22 with magnetism and magnetism sliding connection, the spring 24 has been cup jointed on the rectangular rod 21, the both ends of spring 24 offset with limiting plate 23 and branch 4 respectively.
Referring to fig. 2 and 5, the boom 2 is driven to descend by external power such as a hydraulic machine or a motor, the spring 24 is compressed by the gravity of the counterweight 46 when the counterweight 46 is not in contact with the sample in the initial stage, when the counterweight 46 is in contact with the sample, the pressure applied by the counterweight 46 to the spring 24 by the bearing force of the pressed sample to the counterweight 46 is gradually reduced, and at this time, the spring 24 is no longer compressed, that is, the rectangular rod 21 slides toward the direction of the support rod 4 at this time, the recording pen 44 is at a critical point in contact with the lifting plate 22, and further, at this time, the lifting plate 22 can contact with the recording pen 44 and push out the recording pen 44 at the moment of moving downward, so that the recording pen 44 extends toward the recording plate 32 and contacts with the recording plate 32, at this time, the recording pen 44 can leave a mark on the recording plate 32, and then the counterweight 46 keeps pressing the sample for a certain time.
Example two
On the basis of the first embodiment, further, be equipped with on the installing frame 3 and be used for switching between the freeze-thaw cycle effect around lignin improvement silty clay sample carry out the switching mechanism that tests, the switching mechanism includes extension rod 33 on fixed connection keeps away from record board 32 one side on the installing frame 3, place fixedly connected with extension board 51 on the platform 5, fixedly connected with erection column 52 on the extension board 51, set up on the workstation 1 with extension board 51 and erection column 52 complex groove, fixedly connected with extension spring 34 between extension rod 33 and the erection column 52.
Referring to fig. 1 and 6, the extension rod 33 on the mounting frame 3 is connected with the mounting post 52 on the placing table 5 through the tension spring 34, and then the mounting frame 3 can stretch the tension spring 34 when driven to slide in a single direction by the lifting of the suspension rod 2, the clump weight 46 does not apply pressure to the sample when the recording pen 44 is retracted, the detection of the first sample is completed at this time, the retraction of the recording pen 44 also enables the pressure-sensitive switch 43 not to be extruded, and then the electric telescopic rod 57 is retracted at this time, the output end of the electric telescopic rod 57 does not abut against the placing table 5 at this time, and then the tension spring 34 releases energy to enable the placing table 5 to move towards the mounting frame 3 at this time.
Further, the switching mechanism further comprises an electric telescopic rod 57 fixedly connected to the workbench 1, a through hole matched with the output end of the electric telescopic rod 57 is formed in the workbench 1, the output end of the electric telescopic rod 57 intermittently offsets with the placing table 5, a pressure-sensitive switch 43 used for controlling the electric telescopic rod 57 is arranged on the lantern ring 42, and a pressing plate 45 intermittently offset with the pressure-sensitive switch 43 is fixedly connected to the recording pen 44.
Referring to fig. 1 and 6, when the stylus 44 is extended, the pressing plate 45 on the stylus 44 can gradually approach the pressure-sensitive switch 43 on the collar 42 and press the pressure-sensitive switch 43, at this time, the output end of the electric telescopic rod 57 controlled by the pressure-sensitive switch 43 is extended to abut against the placing table 5, at this time, the electric telescopic rod 57 and the workbench 1 jointly apply friction force to the placing table 5 so that the placing table 5 cannot move, the mounting frame 3 unidirectionally slides by the ascending and descending of the boom 2, and the pressing plate 45 on the stylus 44 contacts the pressure-sensitive switch 43 while the stylus 44 contacts the recording plate 32.
EXAMPLE III
On the basis of the second embodiment, the second embodiment further includes that the workbench 1 is provided with a release mechanism for releasing the detected lignin modified mealy clay sample in the semicircular plate 53, the release mechanism includes a limit bar 12, the limit bar 12 is intermittently and slidably connected with the semicircular plate 53, the lower surface of the semicircular plate 53 is fixedly connected with a rotating rod 54, the bottom of the rotating rod 54 is fixedly connected with a shifting plate 55, and the workbench 1 is fixedly connected with a blocking column 56 which intermittently offsets with the shifting plate 55.
Referring to fig. 1 and 7, when the placing table 5 moves, the first semicircular plate 53 used for placing the sample before the freeze-thaw cycle is performed on the placing table 5 moves towards the blocking column 56, at this time, the shifting plate 55 fixedly connected with the semicircular plate 53 through the rotating rod 54 can gradually approach the blocking column 56 and contact with the blocking column 56, the blocking column 56 extrudes the shifting plate 55 along with the continuous movement of the placing table 5, the blocking column 56 is located in the middle of the two shifting plates 55, the diameter of the blocking column 56 is smaller than the width of the shifting plate 55, and when the shifting plate 55 contacts the blocking column 56, the semicircular plate 53 is no longer in contact with the limiting strip 12, and then the relative movement between the blocking column 56 and the shifting plate 55 enables the blocking column 56 to push the two shifting plates 55, at this time, the shifting plate 55 can drive the semicircular plate 53 to rotate around the rotating rod 54, at this time, the two matched semicircular plates 53 are unfolded, and then the side surface of the sample wrapped by the semicircular plate 53 is no longer blocked by the semicircular plate 53 to be displayed, at this time, a detection person can observe whether the sample cracks appear.
Example four
Referring to fig. 1-7, a testing method of a lignin-modified silty clay rebound modulus testing device includes the following steps:
s1: a preparation stage;
preparing required lignin modified powdery clay samples, wherein one group of the samples is samples before freeze-thaw cycling action, the other group of the samples after freeze-thaw cycling action, and placing the samples in a cylinder formed by the semicircular plates 53;
s2: detecting the sample;
the boom 2 is driven to descend by external power such as a hydraulic press or a motor, the spring 24 is compressed when the balancing weight 46 is not in contact with a sample in the initial stage, the bearing force spring 24 of the balancing weight 46 is not compressed when the balancing weight 46 is in contact with the sample, the lifting plate 22 is in contact with the recording pen 44 at the moment, the recording pen 44 is extruded by the lifting plate 22 and extends towards the recording plate 32 to be in contact with the recording plate, the recording pen 44 can leave marks on the recording plate 32 at the moment, and the balancing weight 46 is kept to continuously press the sample for a certain time;
s3: obtaining the modulus of resilience;
after continuously applying pressure on the sample for a certain time, the lifting rod 2 is controlled to lift, and the weight of the counterweight 46 is not changed, so that when the lifting rod 2 lifts to enable the recording pen 44 to withdraw, the counterweight is instantly liftedThe piece 46 no longer exerts pressure on the sample, takes the recording pen 44 to slide down when the balancing weight 46 exerts pressure on the sample, and makes the installing frame 3 unidirectionally slide when the suspender 2 goes up and down, and then the recording pen 44 slides out the curve on the recording plate 32, obtains the height variation of sample through the distance between the highest point and the lowest point of measuring the curve, and the height after the sample loading is taken as L 0 The height after unloading is recorded as L, according to the formula epsilon = (L-L) 0 ) L, calculating the rebound strain, wherein the area of the lower end surface of the balancing weight 46 is equal to the area of the upper end surface of the cylindrical sample, the mass of the balancing weight 46 is the load P, and the original sectional area of the sample is equal to the area of the lower end surface of the balancing weight 46 and is recorded as A 0 The stress σ = P/A is calculated 0 The rebound modulus is sigma/epsilon;
s4: switching the detection samples;
the pressure-sensitive switch 43 can be extruded when the recording pen 44 extends out, the placing table 5 is abutted by the electric telescopic rod 57 at the moment so that the placing table 5 cannot move, the installation frame 3 stretches the tension spring 34 due to the ascending and descending of the suspension rod 2, the first sample is simultaneously detected when the recording pen 44 is retracted, the pressure-sensitive switch 43 is not extruded at the moment, the electric telescopic rod 57 is not abutted by the placing table 5 any more, the placing table 5 moves due to the energy release of the tension spring 34, and then the other sample is positioned at the lower part of the balancing weight 46, and the rebound modulus of the other sample can be obtained by repeating the steps S2 and S3;
s5: the detection personnel observe the detected sample;
placing the semicircle board 53 that is in when platform 5 moves and placing on the platform 5 and moving to bumping post 56, when dialling board 55 and contact bumping post 56 semicircle board 53 no longer contacts with spacing 12, the relative motion of bumping post 56 and dialling board 55 makes two complex semicircle boards 53 expand this moment, and testing personnel can observe the sample this moment, sees that the sample is received the pressure and appears the fracture.
The working principle is as follows: when the device is used, the prepared lignin-modified silty clay samples are divided into two groups, one group is the samples before the freeze-thaw cycle effect, the other group is the samples after the freeze-thaw cycle effect, and the samples are placed in a cylinder formed by the semicircular plates 53;
firstly, a sample before freeze thawing circulation action is descended by an external power driving suspender 2 such as a hydraulic press or a motor, the spring 24 is compressed under the action of gravity of the balancing weight 46 when the balancing weight 46 is not contacted with the sample in the initial stage, when the balancing weight 46 is contacted with the sample, the pressure applied to the spring 24 by the balancing weight 46 under the bearing force of the sample to the balancing weight 46 is gradually reduced, at the moment, the spring 24 is not compressed any more, namely, the rectangular rod 21 slides towards the direction of the supporting rod 4 at the moment, the recording pen 44 is at a critical point of contact with the lifting plate 22, and at the moment, the lifting plate 22 can be contacted with the recording pen 44 and push out the recording pen 44 at the downward moving moment, so that the recording pen 44 extends towards the direction of the recording plate 32 and is contacted with the recording plate 32, at the moment, the recording pen 44 can leave marks on the recording plate 32, and then the balancing weight 46 is kept to continuously apply pressure to the sample for a certain time;
after a certain time of continuously applying pressure to the sample, the lifting rod 2 is controlled to lift, because the weight of the balancing weight 46 is constant, and the lifting plate 22 magnetically attracts the recording pen 44, further the lifting rod 2 lifts, so that the recording pen 44 is retracted when the recording pen 44 is at the bottommost part of the lifting plate 22, and the balancing weight 46 does not apply pressure to the sample at the moment when the recording pen 44 is retracted, because the support rod 4 is fixedly connected with the balancing weight 46, the recording pen 44 is installed on the installation plate 41 on the support rod 4, and further, when the balancing weight 46 applies pressure to the sample, the elastic deformation of the sample causes the balancing weight 46 to slide downwards with the recording pen 44;
the first rack 25 and the second rack 26 on the suspension rod 2 are respectively engaged with the first gear 29 and the second gear 28, and then the suspension rod 2 goes up and down to drive the first gear 29 and the second gear 28 to synchronously rotate in opposite directions, that is, when the suspension rod 2 goes down, the first gear 29 rotates counterclockwise, the second gear 28 rotates clockwise, at this time, the pawl 281 on the first gear 29 can push the adjacent ratchet 272, the pawl 281 on the second gear 28 cannot push the adjacent ratchet 272, and then the ratchet 272 rotates counterclockwise, on the contrary, when the suspension rod 2 goes up, the second gear 28 rotates counterclockwise, at this time, the pawl 281 on the second gear 28 pushes the adjacent ratchet 272, so that the ratchet 272 drives the rotating shaft 27 to rotate counterclockwise, and then the suspension rod 2 goes up and down to enable the rotating shaft 27 to continuously rotate counterclockwise continuouslyRotation of (2), and then only do anticlockwise rotation with third gear 271 of pivot 27 fixed connection, and third rack 31 on the installing frame 3 meshes with third gear 271, and then can make the unidirectional slip of installing frame 3, it can reset installing frame 3 manually to take off third rack 31 from installing frame 3 when installing frame 3 slides to the end, the curve that recording pen 44 slided out balancing weight 46 and descends on recording board 32 can be made in the cooperation of the descending of recording pen 44 and the horizontal migration of installing frame 3 this moment, obtain the height variation of sample through the distance between the highest point and the lowest point of measurement curve, height behind the sample loading is taken as L 0 The height after unloading is recorded as L, according to the formula epsilon = (L-L) 0 ) L, calculating the rebound strain, wherein the area of the lower end surface of the balancing weight 46 is equal to the area of the upper end surface of the cylindrical sample, the mass of the balancing weight 46 is the load amount P, and the area of the original sectional area of the sample, which is equal to the area of the lower end surface of the balancing weight 46, is recorded as A 0 Calculating to obtain the stress sigma = P/A 0 The rebound modulus is sigma/epsilon;
when the recording pen 44 extends out, the pressure plate 45 on the recording pen 44 can gradually approach the pressure-sensitive switch 43 on the lantern ring 42 and press the pressure-sensitive switch 43, at this time, the output end of the electric telescopic rod 57 controlled by the pressure-sensitive switch 43 extends out to abut against the placing table 5, at this time, the electric telescopic rod 57 and the workbench 1 jointly apply friction force to the placing table 5 so that the placing table 5 cannot move, the lifting and the descending of the suspension rod 2 enable the installation frame 3 to slide in one direction, when the recording pen 44 contacts the recording plate 32 and the pressure plate 45 on the recording pen 44 contacts the pressure-sensitive switch 43, at this time, the placing table 5 cannot move, the extension rod 33 on the installation frame 3 is connected with the installation column 52 on the placing table 5 through the tension spring 34, and then the tension spring 34 can be stretched when the installation frame 3 is driven to slide in one direction by the lifting of the suspension rod 2, when the recording pen 44 is retracted, the counterweight block 46 does not apply pressure to the sample any more, at the moment, the detection on the first sample is completed, the retraction of the recording pen 44 also enables the pressure-sensitive switch 43 not to be extruded, further, the electric telescopic rod 57 is retracted at the moment, the output end of the electric telescopic rod 57 does not abut against the placing table 5 any more, further, the energy of the tension spring 34 is released to enable the placing table 5 to move towards the direction of the mounting frame 3, further, the sample after the freeze-thaw cycle action in the cylinder formed by the other group of semicircular plates 53 is positioned at the lower part of the counterweight block 46, at the moment, the sample after the freeze-thaw cycle action can be detected by repeating the steps, and the attenuation condition of the rebound modulus of the lignin-modified powdery clay can be obtained by comparing the rebound moduli of the two after the detection is completed;
when the placing table 5 moves, the first semicircular plate 53 which is positioned on the placing table 5 and used for placing the sample before freeze-thaw cycle effect moves towards the barrier column 56, at the moment, the shifting plate 55 fixedly connected with the semicircular plate 53 through the rotating rod 54 can gradually approach the barrier column 56 and contact with the barrier column 56, the barrier column 56 can extrude the shifting plate 55 along with the continuous movement of the placing table 5, the barrier column 56 is positioned in the middle of the two shifting plates 55, the diameter of the barrier column 56 is smaller than the width of the shifting plate 55, and the semicircular plate 53 is not in contact with the limiting strip 12 when the shifting plate 55 contacts with the barrier column 56, at the moment, the relative movement of the barrier column 56 and the shifting plate 55 enables the barrier column 56 to push the two shifting plates 55, at the moment, the shifting plate 55 can drive the semicircular plate 53 to rotate by taking the rotating rod 54 as the center of a circle, at the moment, the two matched semicircular plates 53 expand, and the side surface of the sample wrapped by the semicircular plate 53 is not blocked by the semicircular plate 53 any more, so that the sample can be displayed, at the moment, a detection personnel can observe the sample and see whether the sample is cracked by pressure.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. Lignin improvement silty clay modulus of resilience testing arrangement, including workstation (1), its characterized in that: the device comprises a workbench (1), a vertical plate (11) is fixedly connected to the workbench (1), a hanging rod (2) is connected to the vertical plate (11) in a sliding mode, the hanging rod (2) is driven by external power to vertically slide in a reciprocating mode, a rectangular rod (21) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the hanging rod (2), a limiting plate (23) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rectangular rod (21), a supporting rod (4) is connected to the limiting plate (23) in a sliding mode, a balancing weight (46) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the supporting rod (4), a placing table (5) is connected to the workbench (1) in a sliding mode, semicircular plates (53) are connected to the placing table (5) in a rotating mode, the number of the semicircular plates (53) is four, every two semicircular plates (53) are matched with each other to form two sets, a lignin improvement clay sample is placed in a cylinder formed by the two sets of the semicircular plates (53) and is subjected to a freezing and thawing cycle action, the balancing weight (46) intermittently offsets the lignin improvement clay sample, and a clay recording mechanism for recording the movement distance after the balancing weight (46) contacts the lignin improvement clay sample is arranged on the vertical plate (11);
the recording mechanism comprises a mounting frame (3), the mounting frame (3) is connected to the vertical plate (11) in a sliding mode, and a recording plate (32) is mounted on the mounting frame (3);
the recording mechanism further comprises a first rack (25) and a second rack (26), a rectangular through hole fixedly connected with the first rack (25) and the second rack (26) is formed in the suspension rod (2), a rotating shaft (27) is connected to the vertical plate (11) in a rotating mode, a first gear (29) and a second gear (28) are connected to the rotating shaft (27) in a rotating mode, the first gear (29) is meshed with the first rack (25), and the second gear (28) is meshed with the second rack (26);
the recording mechanism further comprises two ratchet wheels (272) fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (27), the two ratchet wheels (272) are located between the first gear (29) and the second gear (28), the first gear (29) and the second gear (28) are both rotatably connected with pawls (281), the first gear (29) and the second gear (28) are both fixedly connected with elastic pieces (282), the two elastic pieces (282) respectively abut against the corresponding pawls (281), and the two pawls (281) respectively abut against teeth on the closest ratchet wheel (272);
the recording mechanism further comprises a third rack (31) arranged on the mounting frame (3), and a third gear (271) meshed with the third rack (31) is fixedly connected to one end, far away from the hanger rod (2), of the rotating shaft (27);
the recording mechanism further comprises a mounting plate (41) fixedly connected to the support rod (4), a sleeve ring (42) is fixedly connected to the mounting plate (41), a recording pen (44) is connected to the sleeve ring (42) in a sliding mode, the recording pen (44) is connected with the recording plate (32) in an intermittent sliding mode, a magnetic lifting plate (22) is fixedly connected to the rectangular rod (21), a magnet attracted with the magnetic lifting plate (22) is arranged at one end, close to the magnetic lifting plate (22), of the recording pen (44), one end, close to the magnetic lifting plate (22), of the recording pen (44) is connected with the magnetic lifting plate (22) in a sliding mode, a spring (24) is sleeved on the rectangular rod (21), and two ends of the spring (24) are respectively abutted to the limiting plate (23) and the support rod (4).
2. The lignin modified silty clay rebound modulus testing device of claim 1, wherein: be equipped with on installing frame (3) and be used for switching between freeze thawing cycle effect around lignin improvement silty clay sample carry out the switching mechanism that tests, switching mechanism includes that fixed connection keeps away from extension rod (33) on installing frame (3) on the record board (32) one side, place fixedly connected with extension board (51) on platform (5), fixedly connected with erection column (52) are gone up in extension board (51), set up on workstation (1) and extend board (51) and erection column (52) complex groove, fixedly connected with extension spring (34) between extension rod (33) and the erection column (52).
3. The lignin modification silty clay rebound modulus testing device of claim 2, wherein: the switching mechanism further comprises an electric telescopic rod (57) fixedly connected to the workbench (1), a through hole matched with the output end of the electric telescopic rod (57) is formed in the workbench (1), the output end of the electric telescopic rod (57) intermittently offsets with the placement platform (5), a pressure-sensitive switch (43) used for controlling the electric telescopic rod (57) is arranged on the lantern ring (42), and a pressing plate (45) intermittently offsetting the pressure-sensitive switch (43) is fixedly connected to the recording pen (44).
4. The lignin modified silty clay rebound modulus testing device of claim 1, wherein: be equipped with the release mechanism that is used for releasing lignin improvement silty clay sample after detection in semicircle board (53) on workstation (1), release mechanism includes spacing (12), spacing (12) and semicircle board (53) intermittent type sliding connection, the lower fixed surface of semicircle board (53) is connected with bull stick (54), board (55) are dialled to the bottom fixedly connected with of bull stick (54), fixedly connected with and dialling bumping post (56) that board (55) intermittent type offseted on workstation (1).
5. The method for testing the device for testing the resilience modulus of lignin modified silty clay according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: a preparation stage;
preparing required lignin modified silty clay samples, wherein one group of samples is samples before freeze-thaw cycling action, the other group of samples after freeze-thaw cycling action, and placing the samples in a cylinder formed by semicircular plates (53);
s2: detecting the sample;
the suspension rod (2) is driven to descend by external power of a hydraulic machine or a motor, the spring (24) is compressed when the balancing weight (46) is not in contact with a sample in the initial stage, the bearing force spring (24) of the compressed sample to the balancing weight (46) is not compressed when the balancing weight (46) is in contact with the sample, the lifting plate (22) is in contact with the recording pen (44), the recording pen (44) is extruded by the lifting plate (22) to extend towards the recording plate (32) and contact with the recording plate, the recording pen (44) can leave marks on the recording plate (32) at the moment, and the balancing weight (46) is kept to continuously apply pressure to the sample for a certain time;
s3: obtaining the modulus of resilience;
after the sample is continuously pressed for a certain time, the lifting rod (2) is controlled to ascend, and the weight of the balancing weight (46) is unchanged, so that the balancing weight (46) does not act on the sample any more when the recording pen (44) is retracted due to the ascending of the lifting rod (2)Exerting pressure, take recording pen (44) lapse when balancing weight (46) exert pressure to the sample, and jib (2) make installation frame (3) unidirectional sliding when going up and down, and then recording pen (44) slip curve on recording board (32), through measuring the distance between the highest point and the lowest of curve and reacing the height variation of sample, the height record after the sample loading is L 0 The height after unloading is recorded as L, according to the formula epsilon = (L-L) 0 ) L, calculating the rebound strain, wherein the area of the lower end face of the balancing weight (46) is equal to the area of the upper end face of the cylindrical sample, the mass of the balancing weight (46) is the load amount P, and the original sectional area of the sample is equal to the area of the lower end face of the balancing weight (46) and is recorded as A 0 Calculating to obtain the stress sigma = P/A 0 The modulus of resilience is sigma/epsilon;
s4: switching the detection samples;
the pressure-sensitive switch (43) can be extruded when the recording pen (44) extends out, the placing table (5) is abutted by the electric telescopic rod (57) so that the placing table (5) cannot move, the lifting and descending of the suspension rod (2) enable the installation frame (3) to stretch the tension spring (34), when the recording pen (44) is retracted, the detection of a first sample is completed simultaneously, the pressure-sensitive switch (43) is not extruded, the electric telescopic rod (57) is not abutted by the placing table (5), the energy of the tension spring (34) is released so that the placing table (5) moves, and then another sample is positioned at the lower part of the balancing weight (46), and the rebound modulus of another sample can be obtained by repeating S2 and S3;
s5: the detection personnel observe the detected sample;
placing half-round plate (53) that is on placing platform (5) when platform (5) removes and removing to bumping post (56), and half-round plate (53) no longer contacts with spacing (12) when dialling board (55) and contacting bumping post (56), and relative motion of bumping post (56) and dialling board (55) makes two complex half-round plate (53) expand this moment, and detection personnel can observe the sample this moment, sees the sample and receives the pressure fracture to appear.
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| JPH10160446A (en) * | 1996-11-29 | 1998-06-19 | Unyusho Kowan Gijutsu Kenkyusho | Rebound instrument for driving pile |
| JPH10339631A (en) * | 1997-06-09 | 1998-12-22 | Fujita Corp | Method for measuring rebound amount of earth-retaining digging surface |
| JPH11344396A (en) * | 1998-06-03 | 1999-12-14 | Taisei Corp | Rebounding amount measuring apparatus |
| JP4771173B2 (en) * | 2007-04-17 | 2011-09-14 | 清水建設株式会社 | Method for estimating rebound amount in excavation ground and ground excavation method |
| CN201340369Y (en) * | 2009-01-23 | 2009-11-04 | 长安大学 | Indoor test platform for roadbed soil mass resilience modulus |
| CN202853992U (en) * | 2012-10-16 | 2013-04-03 | 浙江土工仪器制造有限公司 | Tester for rebound modulus of soil matrix |
| RU2542085C1 (en) * | 2014-02-06 | 2015-02-20 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Российский государственный университет физической культуры, спорта, молодежи и туризма (ГЦОЛИФК)" (РГУФКСМиТ) | Device for measuring rebound |
| CN203866812U (en) * | 2014-05-21 | 2014-10-08 | 长安大学 | Roadbed rebound modulus determinator |
| US9534995B2 (en) * | 2014-06-11 | 2017-01-03 | Caterpillar Paving Products Inc. | System and method for determining a modulus of resilience |
| CN104142279B (en) * | 2014-07-17 | 2015-05-20 | 山西省交通科学研究院 | Roadbed soil dynamic rebound modulus predicting system and method |
| US10969315B2 (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2021-04-06 | Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University | Combined ultrasonic pulse velocity and Schmidt Hammer rebound test for non-destructive evaluation |
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