CN115289709A - Marine carbon dioxide quick-freezing system - Google Patents
Marine carbon dioxide quick-freezing system Download PDFInfo
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- CN115289709A CN115289709A CN202210963200.1A CN202210963200A CN115289709A CN 115289709 A CN115289709 A CN 115289709A CN 202210963200 A CN202210963200 A CN 202210963200A CN 115289709 A CN115289709 A CN 115289709A
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- carbon dioxide
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- pressure
- refrigeration
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
- F25B9/008—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
Abstract
The invention discloses a carbon dioxide quick-freezing system for a ship, which comprises a carbon dioxide refrigeration circulating system and an environment-friendly refrigerant circulating system; the carbon dioxide refrigeration cycle system comprises a carbon dioxide piston machine, a carbon dioxide oil separator, a carbon dioxide oil reservoir, a condensation evaporator, a carbon dioxide liquid reservoir, a carbon dioxide heat regenerator, a carbon dioxide air suction header and a refrigeration application device, wherein the carbon dioxide piston machine and the carbon dioxide liquid reservoir are respectively provided with a pressure relief safety valve; the environment-friendly refrigerant circulating system comprises an environment-friendly refrigerant compressor, an oil separator, a water-cooled condenser, a liquid storage device and an air suction collecting pipe, wherein the liquid storage device and the air suction collecting pipe are respectively communicated with the condensation evaporator. The invention has reasonable structure, safe use, high quick-freezing efficiency and good heat exchange performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of carbon dioxide refrigeration equipment, in particular to a carbon dioxide quick-freezing system for a ship.
Background
At present, the proportion of cold chain circulation of aquatic products is lower, the goods damage of the captured objects of the fishing boat is serious, the refrigerating and quick-freezing capacity of the ocean fishing boat in busy seasons can not meet the requirement of the productivity, some fishing boats mainly use R22 and ammonia as refrigerants, R22 is not environment-friendly, the ozone layer is damaged and is strictly limited by policies, ammonia is extremely toxic and explosive, potential safety hazards and economic loss risks exist when the ammonia is used on fishing boats with dense goods and closed spaces, in addition, the environmental problem is increasingly severe, and energy conservation, environmental protection and carbon reduction are required to be actively promoted.
The carbon dioxide has stable chemical property, is safe and nontoxic, is a substance existing in the nature, has low price, is a very excellent refrigerant, has high quick-freezing efficiency, large refrigerating capacity per unit volume, low viscosity, good heat exchange characteristic and low greenhouse effect, does not damage the natural environment, and is widely applied at home and abroad.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a marine carbon dioxide quick-freezing system which is reasonable in structure, safe to use, high in quick-freezing efficiency and good in heat exchange performance.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the carbon dioxide quick-freezing system for the ship comprises a carbon dioxide refrigeration circulating system and an environment-friendly refrigerant circulating system; the carbon dioxide refrigeration cycle system comprises a carbon dioxide piston machine, a carbon dioxide oil separator, a carbon dioxide oil reservoir, a condensation evaporator, a carbon dioxide liquid reservoir, a carbon dioxide heat regenerator, a carbon dioxide air suction header and a refrigeration application device, wherein the carbon dioxide piston machine and the carbon dioxide liquid reservoir are respectively provided with a pressure relief safety valve; the environment-friendly refrigerant circulating system comprises an environment-friendly refrigerant compressor, an oil separator, a water-cooled condenser, a liquid storage device and an air suction collecting pipe, wherein the liquid storage device and the air suction collecting pipe are respectively communicated with the condensing evaporator; the high-temperature and high-pressure carbon dioxide gas generated by compression of the carbon dioxide piston machine passes through the carbon dioxide oil separator and the condensation evaporator, is condensed into carbon dioxide high-pressure liquid by the condensation evaporator and then is cached in the carbon dioxide liquid storage device, the carbon dioxide high-pressure liquid enters the carbon dioxide heat regenerator and then enters the refrigeration application device, and the carbon dioxide high-pressure liquid is converted into low-pressure superheated carbon dioxide steam in the refrigeration application device and then returns to the carbon dioxide heat regenerator and then enters the carbon dioxide air suction header and the carbon dioxide piston machine; high-temperature high-pressure refrigerating gas generated by compression of the environment-friendly refrigerant compressor passes through the oil separator and the water-cooled condenser, is condensed into high-pressure refrigerating liquid in the water-cooled condenser and then is cached in the liquid storage device, and the high-pressure refrigerating liquid is changed into low-pressure superheated refrigerating steam after absorbing heat through the condensing evaporator and returns to the air suction header and the environment-friendly refrigerant compressor. The environment-friendly refrigerant in the scheme adopts environment-friendly refrigerants such as R507A, R404A and the like; when the refrigeration system is stopped, the pressure of the carbon dioxide refrigeration system rises due to the intrusion of external heat, and the carbon dioxide pressure stabilizer is started to maintain the pressure of the refrigeration system to be stable and not rise any more; the carbon dioxide refrigeration cycle system and the environment-friendly refrigerant cycle system are arranged in the cabin, and the refrigeration application device is arranged in the independent refrigeration cabin.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, the refrigeration application device comprises a carbon dioxide liquid supply pipe, a carbon dioxide gas return pipe, a plurality of groups of refrigeration units and a plurality of carbon dioxide concentration detectors, wherein the carbon dioxide liquid supply pipe and the carbon dioxide gas return pipe are respectively connected with the carbon dioxide heat regenerator, each group of refrigeration units respectively comprises an expansion valve group, a shelf tube bank group, a pressure relief valve group, an air return valve group and a quick-freezing fan, the expansion valve group is communicated with the carbon dioxide liquid supply pipe, the air return valve group is communicated with the carbon dioxide gas return pipe, the pressure relief valve group is communicated with the outside, and the shelf tube bank group is respectively communicated with the expansion valve group, the pressure relief valve group and the air return valve group; and the plurality of carbon dioxide concentration detectors are arranged corresponding to the plurality of groups of refrigeration units. According to the scheme, carbon dioxide high-pressure liquid enters the carbon dioxide heat regenerator and then enters the expansion valve group of the refrigeration application device, and then enters the carbon dioxide heat regenerator from the air return valve group after passing through the expansion valve group and absorbing heat in the shelf calandria, the shelf calandria meets the pressure-bearing and oil return requirements, the pipe diameter of the shelf calandria is far smaller than that of a fluorine and ammonia system, in order to strengthen the heat exchange effect, a quick-freezing fan is arranged on one side of the shelf calandria, a certain air channel is formed, air is uniformly distributed on aquatic products, and the air speed is 3-4 m/s; the carbon dioxide quick-freezing system can also be applied to a low-temperature refrigerator, heat exchange calandria pipes are arranged on the periphery and the upper and lower surfaces in the refrigerator, wooden or steel guardrails are arranged outside the calandria pipes, in addition, fans are also arranged in the low-temperature refrigerator, air convection is enhanced, heat exchange is enhanced, and the problem of defrosting of an air cooler is solved.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the expansion valve group, the pressure relief valve group and the air return valve group are all automatic valves and are respectively communicated with the control device, the plurality of carbon dioxide concentration detectors are respectively communicated with the control system, and the plurality of carbon dioxide concentration detectors are arranged in a linkage manner with the expansion valve group, the pressure relief valve group and the air return valve group. The scheme gives consideration to the safety processing scheme of accidents, carbon dioxide concentration detectors are installed in a refrigerating cabin and a quick-freezing warehouse, the detectors are linked with corresponding valves, manual operation and automatic operation can be selected according to configuration, when the concentration of carbon dioxide in the warehouse is too high, the concentration detectors give an alarm, a feedback signal is sent to a PLC (programmable logic controller), the PLC closes an electric liquid supply valve and an electric air return valve, opens an electric pressure release valve, and carbon dioxide in a local pipeline is forcibly discharged out of a room; if the configuration is a manual valve, when the concentration of the carbon dioxide in the warehouse is too high, the concentration detector gives an alarm, an alarm signal is sent to a refrigerating worker in the engine room, the refrigerating worker manually closes the liquid supply valve and the air return valve, opens the pressure release valve and forcibly discharges the carbon dioxide in the local pipeline out of the room; if the rack calandria in the quick-freezing warehouse is damaged during loading and unloading, the concentration detector closest to the rack calandria gives an alarm first, the corresponding liquid supply valve and the corresponding gas return valve are closed, meanwhile, a pressure release valve on the carbon dioxide pressure release system is opened, and carbon dioxide in the loop is forcibly discharged to the outside through a pipeline; particularly, the liquid supply valve, the electronic expansion valve, the manual expansion valve, the pressure release valve and the air return valve are arranged in the engine room, so that the operation of a refrigerator is facilitated, the carbon dioxide concentration detector is arranged close to the rack discharge pipe, and the buzzer of the carbon dioxide concentration detector is arranged in the engine room and the warehouse.
As a preferable aspect of the present invention, the expansion valve set includes a liquid supply valve, an electronic expansion valve and a manual expansion valve, which are connected in parallel. Under the normal condition of the scheme, the refrigerant passes through the electronic expansion valve, and once the electronic expansion valve breaks down, the manual expansion valve is opened, so that the influence of the fault on the system is reduced to the minimum.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the carbon dioxide refrigeration cycle system is provided with a plurality of carbon dioxide piston machines, and the carbon dioxide piston machines are provided with a mechanical high-voltage switch and a mechanical low-voltage switch; the environment-friendly refrigerant circulating system is provided with a plurality of environment-friendly refrigerant compressors, and the environment-friendly refrigerant compressors are provided with safety valves. This scheme possesses the multidimension accuse and presses the function, ensures marine refrigerating system's safe handling. The carbon dioxide piston machine (group) is provided with a mechanical high-pressure switch and a low-pressure switch, the machine is stopped in time when the exhaust pressure and the suction pressure are abnormal, meanwhile, the machine set is provided with functions of high-pressure unloading, ultrahigh-pressure emergency stop, low-pressure protection and the like in the aspect of automatic control, a single carbon dioxide piston machine is provided with a high-pressure safety valve and a low-pressure safety valve, a carbon dioxide liquid accumulator is also provided with a safety valve, and when the pressure exceeds a set value, carbon dioxide is discharged out of the machine room through a safety valve pressure relief system; a plurality of carbon dioxide piston machines (groups) and the environment-friendly refrigerant compressor (groups) are parallel units, a plurality of compressors are mutually standby, once a certain compressor breaks down, the compressor can be independently stopped for maintenance, and the operation of other compressors is not influenced.
As a preferable aspect of the present invention, the refrigeration application device is provided in a freezer or a low-temperature refrigerator, the refrigeration application device includes a seawater defrosting device, and the seawater defrosting device includes a water suction pump, a defrosting faucet provided in the refrigeration application device, and a drain pump. The scheme adopts seawater defrosting, an evaporator in a freezing (quick-freezing) warehouse adopts a shelf calandria form, and an evaporator in a low-temperature warehouse adopts a calandria form; after the quick freezing is finished, the seawater is pumped up by the water suction pump, the rack discharge pipe or the frost layer and the ice block on the discharge pipe are washed clean, and then the water in the storage is pumped out by the drainage pump.
According to a preferable scheme of the invention, the carbon dioxide regenerators are provided in plurality, each carbon dioxide regenerator comprises a liquid side and a gas side, the liquid sides of the carbon dioxide regenerators are connected in series, the gas sides of the carbon dioxide regenerators are connected in parallel, and the liquid sides of the carbon dioxide regenerators are provided with bypass pipelines. According to the scheme, the liquid sides of the carbon dioxide heat regenerators are connected in series, the gas sides are connected in parallel, the pressure drop of the liquid side is far smaller than that of the gas side under the same mass flow, for example, 2600kg/h of carbon dioxide is used for carrying out liquid and gas heat exchange, the pressure drop of the liquid side is 0.58kpa, the pressure drop of the gas side is 21kpa, the pressure drop of the liquid side is 2.7% of that of the gas side, and the heat exchange area is 2.41 square; or the pressure drop on the gas side is kept unchanged, and the heat exchange area can be reduced by 53 percent compared with the former scheme; in addition, a bypass pipeline is also arranged on the liquid side, and one or two heat regenerators can be bypassed according to the operation condition of the quick-freezing system, so that the phenomenon that the suction superheat degree of a compressor is too high and the exhaust temperature is too high is prevented.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the carbon dioxide oil reservoir is communicated with the carbon dioxide piston machine through an automatic valve, the carbon dioxide piston machine is provided with an oil level controller, and the bottom position of the carbon dioxide oil reservoir is higher than the oil cavity position of the carbon dioxide piston machine. The carbon dioxide piston machine (set) and the environment-friendly refrigerant compressor (set) have reliable forced oil return systems, and each forced oil return system consists of an oil separator, an oil reservoir, an oil return pipeline and an oil level controller; when the oil level in the oil cavity of the compressor is lower than the low oil level, the oil level controller opens the valve, and the lubricating oil flows from the oil reservoir to the oil cavity of the compressor under the drive of differential pressure; when the oil level is enough, the oil level controller closes the valve; during oil return, when the oil level is always lower than the low oil level, after a period of time delay, the oil level controller gives an alarm to protect the compressor; the oil return mode can meet the offshore swing working condition, and the oil return direction is +/-22.5 degrees.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of baffle plates are provided in the carbon dioxide suction header and the suction header, respectively, and the bottom of each baffle plate is provided with a balance hole. The collecting pipe is internally provided with a plurality of buffer baffles and balance holes to adapt to the shipboard swinging working condition of +/-22.5 degrees; when the swing amplitude is very large, if the buffer plate is not arranged, the liquid and the lubricating oil flow to a low position due to gravity, the air suction port at the rightmost position or the leftmost position is at the lowest position, and when the liquid and the lubricating oil are enough, the air suction port is covered by the liquid and the lubricating oil, so that the air suction is carried with the liquid, and the compressor is damaged; the existence of the buffer baffle plate divides the liquid and the lubricating oil into a plurality of parts, prevents the liquid or the lubricating oil in the collecting pipe from inclining, buffers the inertia of the collecting pipe and prevents the liquid or the lubricating oil from submerging the air suction port of the compressor; when liquid or lubricating oil in the air suction collecting pipe has a certain depth, the height of the buffer baffle plate can prevent the liquid or the lubricating oil from flowing to the lowest air suction port under the most inclined working condition, and the area of the balance port can maintain the pressure balance of each air suction port of the compressor.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
reasonable structure, safe use, high quick freezing efficiency and good heat exchange performance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a system schematic of the refrigeration unit of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a system schematic of a multiple refrigeration unit combination of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a safety control schematic diagram of the present invention.
Figure 5 is a schematic view of a carbon dioxide suction header and a configuration of the suction header of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. carbon dioxide piston machine 2 and carbon dioxide oil separator
3. Carbon dioxide oil storage device 4, condensation evaporator 5 and carbon dioxide liquid storage device
6. Carbon dioxide regenerator 7 and carbon dioxide suction header
8. Refrigeration application device 9, pressure relief safety valve 10 and carbon dioxide pressure stabilizer
11. Environmental protection refrigerant compressor 12, oil separator 13, water-cooled condenser
14. Liquid storage device 15, air suction manifold 16 and carbon dioxide liquid supply pipe
17. Carbon dioxide muffler 18 and carbon dioxide concentration detector
19. Expansion valve bank 20, shelf tube bank 21 and pressure relief valve bank
22. Air return valve group 23, quick-freezing fan 24 and liquid supply valve
25. Electronic expansion valve 26, manual expansion valve 27, and buffer baffle
28. And (4) balancing holes.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without any creative work based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Referring to fig. 1-5, the present invention provides a technical solution:
the carbon dioxide quick-freezing system for the ship comprises a carbon dioxide refrigeration circulating system and an environment-friendly refrigerant circulating system; the carbon dioxide refrigeration cycle system comprises a carbon dioxide piston machine 1, a carbon dioxide oil separator 2, a carbon dioxide oil reservoir 3, a condensation evaporator 4, a carbon dioxide liquid reservoir 5, a carbon dioxide heat regenerator 6, a carbon dioxide suction header 7 and a refrigeration application device 8, wherein the carbon dioxide piston machine 1 and the carbon dioxide liquid reservoir 5 are respectively provided with a pressure relief safety valve 9, the carbon dioxide oil reservoir 3 is respectively communicated with the carbon dioxide piston machine 1 and the carbon dioxide oil separator 2, and the carbon dioxide liquid reservoir 5 is provided with a carbon dioxide pressure stabilizer 10; the environment-friendly refrigerant circulating system comprises an environment-friendly refrigerant compressor 11, an oil separator 12, a water-cooled condenser 13, an accumulator 14 and a suction header 15, wherein the accumulator 14 and the suction header 15 are respectively communicated with the condensing evaporator 4.
The refrigeration application device comprises a carbon dioxide liquid supply pipe 16, a carbon dioxide air return pipe 17, a plurality of groups of refrigeration units and a plurality of carbon dioxide concentration detectors 18, wherein the carbon dioxide liquid supply pipe 16 and the carbon dioxide air return pipe 17 are respectively connected with a carbon dioxide heat regenerator 6, each group of refrigeration units respectively comprises an expansion valve group 19, a shelf tube bank group 20, a pressure relief valve group 21, an air return valve group 22 and a quick-freezing fan 23, the expansion valve group 19 is communicated with the carbon dioxide liquid supply pipe 16, the air return valve group 22 is communicated with the carbon dioxide air return pipe 17, the pressure relief valve group 21 is communicated with the outside, and the shelf tube bank group 20 is respectively communicated with the expansion valve group 19, the pressure relief valve group 21 and the air return valve group 22; a plurality of carbon dioxide concentration detectors 18 are provided corresponding to the plurality of sets of refrigeration units.
The expansion valve group 19, the pressure relief valve group 21 and the air return valve group 22 are all automatic valves and are respectively communicated with the control device, the plurality of carbon dioxide concentration detectors 19 are respectively communicated with the control system, and the plurality of carbon dioxide concentration detectors 19 are in linkage arrangement with the expansion valve group 19, the pressure relief valve group 21 and the air return valve group 22.
The expansion valve set 19 includes a liquid supply valve 24, an electronic expansion valve 25, and a manual expansion valve 26, which are connected in parallel.
The carbon dioxide refrigeration cycle system is provided with a plurality of carbon dioxide piston machines 1, and the carbon dioxide piston machines are provided with mechanical high-voltage switches and low-voltage switches; the environment-friendly refrigerant circulation system is provided with a plurality of environment-friendly refrigerant compressors 11, and the environment-friendly refrigerant compressors are provided with safety valves.
The refrigeration application device is arranged in a freezer or a low-temperature refrigerator and comprises a seawater defrosting device, and the seawater defrosting device comprises a water suction pump, a defrosting tap and a drainage pump which are matched with the refrigeration application device.
The carbon dioxide heat regenerators 6 are multiple, each carbon dioxide heat regenerator 6 comprises a liquid side and a gas side, the liquid sides of the carbon dioxide heat regenerators 6 are connected in series, the gas sides of the carbon dioxide heat regenerators 6 are connected in parallel, and the liquid sides of the carbon dioxide heat regenerators 6 are provided with bypass pipelines.
The carbon dioxide oil reservoir 3 is communicated with the carbon dioxide piston machine 1 through an automatic valve, the carbon dioxide piston machine 1 is provided with an oil level controller, and the bottom position of the carbon dioxide oil reservoir 3 is higher than the oil cavity position of the carbon dioxide piston machine 1.
The carbon dioxide suction manifold 7 and the suction manifold 15 are provided with a plurality of baffle plates 27, respectively, and the bottom of the baffle plate 27 is provided with a balance hole 28.
The working process of the invention is as follows: high-temperature and high-pressure carbon dioxide gas generated by compression of the carbon dioxide piston machine 1 passes through the carbon dioxide oil separator 2 and the condensing evaporator 4, is condensed into carbon dioxide high-pressure liquid in the condensing evaporator 4 and then is cached in the carbon dioxide liquid storage device 5, the carbon dioxide high-pressure liquid enters the carbon dioxide heat regenerator 6 and then enters the refrigeration application device, is converted into low-pressure superheated carbon dioxide steam in the refrigeration application device and then returns to the carbon dioxide heat regenerator 6 and then enters the carbon dioxide suction header 7 and the carbon dioxide piston machine 1;
high-temperature high-pressure refrigerating gas generated by compression of the environment-friendly refrigerant compressor 11 passes through the oil separator 12 and the water-cooled condenser 13, is condensed into high-pressure refrigerating liquid in the water-cooled condenser 13 and then is cached in the liquid accumulator 14, and the high-pressure refrigerating liquid is changed into low-pressure superheated refrigerating steam after absorbing heat through the condensing evaporator 4 and returns to the air suction header 15 and the environment-friendly refrigerant compressor 11;
the carbon dioxide high-pressure liquid enters the carbon dioxide heat regenerator 6, then enters an expansion valve group 19 of the refrigeration application device, passes through the expansion valve group 19, enters a shelf discharge pipe group 20 to absorb heat, and then enters the carbon dioxide heat regenerator 6 from an air return valve group 22;
after quick freezing is finished, pumping up the seawater by a seawater defrosting device and a water suction pump, washing the frost layer and ice blocks on the shelf drainage pipe group 20 or the drainage pipes completely, and pumping out the water in the storage completely by a drainage pump;
when the carbon dioxide piston machine 1 or the environment-friendly refrigerant compressor 11 has safety problems or the system has carbon dioxide leakage, the system can ensure the safe operation of the system through safety equipment such as a safety valve, a pressure release valve and the like.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. Marine carbon dioxide quick-freeze system, its characterized in that: comprises a carbon dioxide refrigeration cycle system and an environment-friendly refrigerant cycle system;
the carbon dioxide refrigeration cycle system comprises a carbon dioxide piston machine, a carbon dioxide oil separator, a carbon dioxide oil reservoir, a condensation evaporator, a carbon dioxide liquid reservoir, a carbon dioxide heat regenerator, a carbon dioxide air suction header and a refrigeration application device, wherein the carbon dioxide piston machine and the carbon dioxide liquid reservoir are respectively provided with a pressure relief safety valve;
the environment-friendly refrigerant circulating system comprises an environment-friendly refrigerant compressor, an oil separator, a water-cooled condenser, a liquid accumulator and an air suction collecting pipe, wherein the liquid accumulator and the air suction collecting pipe are respectively communicated with the condensing evaporator;
the high-temperature and high-pressure carbon dioxide gas generated by compression of the carbon dioxide piston machine passes through the carbon dioxide oil separator and the condensation evaporator, is condensed into carbon dioxide high-pressure liquid by the condensation evaporator and then is cached in the carbon dioxide liquid storage device, the carbon dioxide high-pressure liquid enters the carbon dioxide heat regenerator and then enters the refrigeration application device, and the carbon dioxide high-pressure liquid is converted into low-pressure superheated carbon dioxide steam in the refrigeration application device and then returns to the carbon dioxide heat regenerator and then enters the carbon dioxide air suction header and the carbon dioxide piston machine;
high-temperature high-pressure refrigerating gas generated by compression of the environment-friendly refrigerant compressor passes through the oil separator and the water-cooled condenser, is condensed into high-pressure refrigerating liquid in the water-cooled condenser and then is cached in the liquid storage device, and the high-pressure refrigerating liquid is changed into low-pressure superheated refrigerating steam after absorbing heat through the condensing evaporator and returns to the air suction header and the environment-friendly refrigerant compressor.
2. The marine carbon dioxide flash freezing system according to claim 1, wherein: the refrigeration application device comprises a carbon dioxide liquid supply pipe, a carbon dioxide gas return pipe, a plurality of groups of refrigeration units and a plurality of carbon dioxide concentration detectors, wherein the carbon dioxide liquid supply pipe and the carbon dioxide gas return pipe are respectively connected with a carbon dioxide heat regenerator, each group of refrigeration units respectively comprises an expansion valve group, a shelf tube discharging group, a pressure relief valve group, a gas return valve group and a quick-freezing fan, the expansion valve group is communicated with the carbon dioxide liquid supply pipe, the gas return valve group is communicated with the carbon dioxide gas return pipe, the pressure relief valve group is communicated with the outside, and the shelf tube discharging group is respectively communicated with the expansion valve group, the pressure relief valve group and the gas return valve group; and the plurality of carbon dioxide concentration detectors are arranged corresponding to the plurality of groups of refrigeration units.
3. The marine carbon dioxide quick-freezing system as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the expansion valve group, the pressure relief valve group and the air return valve group are all automatic valves and are respectively communicated with the control device, the plurality of carbon dioxide concentration detectors are respectively communicated with the control system, and the plurality of carbon dioxide concentration detectors are in linkage arrangement with the expansion valve group, the pressure relief valve group and the air return valve group.
4. The marine carbon dioxide flash freezing system according to claim 2, wherein: the expansion valve group comprises a liquid supply valve, an electronic expansion valve and a manual expansion valve which are connected in parallel.
5. The marine carbon dioxide flash freezing system according to claim 1, wherein: the carbon dioxide refrigeration cycle system is provided with a plurality of carbon dioxide piston machines, and the carbon dioxide piston machines are provided with mechanical high-voltage switches and low-voltage switches; the environment-friendly refrigerant circulating system is provided with a plurality of environment-friendly refrigerant compressors, and the environment-friendly refrigerant compressors are provided with safety valves.
6. The marine carbon dioxide flash freezing system according to claim 1, wherein: the refrigeration application device is arranged in a freezer or a low-temperature refrigerator and comprises a seawater defrosting device, and the seawater defrosting device comprises a water suction pump, a defrosting tap and a drainage pump which are matched with the refrigeration application device.
7. The marine carbon dioxide flash freezing system according to claim 1, wherein: the carbon dioxide heat regenerators are provided with a plurality of carbon dioxide heat regenerators, each carbon dioxide heat regenerator comprises a liquid side and a gas side, the liquid sides of the carbon dioxide heat regenerators are connected in series, the gas sides of the carbon dioxide heat regenerators are connected in parallel, and the liquid sides of the carbon dioxide heat regenerators are provided with bypass pipelines.
8. The marine carbon dioxide quick-freezing system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the carbon dioxide oil reservoir and the carbon dioxide piston machine are communicated through an automatic valve, the carbon dioxide piston machine is provided with an oil level controller, and the bottom position of the carbon dioxide oil reservoir is higher than the position of an oil cavity of the carbon dioxide piston machine.
9. The marine carbon dioxide quick-freezing system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the carbon dioxide air suction collecting pipe and the air suction collecting pipe are respectively internally provided with a plurality of buffer baffles, and the bottoms of the buffer baffles are provided with balance holes.
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| CN202210963200.1A CN115289709A (en) | 2022-08-11 | 2022-08-11 | Marine carbon dioxide quick-freezing system |
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| CN202210963200.1A CN115289709A (en) | 2022-08-11 | 2022-08-11 | Marine carbon dioxide quick-freezing system |
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| CN111322781A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-06-23 | 万吨通科技有限公司 | Refrigerator centralized cold source carbon dioxide cascade refrigeration system and refrigeration method |
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2022
- 2022-08-11 CN CN202210963200.1A patent/CN115289709A/en active Pending
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| US20160363356A1 (en) * | 2010-11-17 | 2016-12-15 | Hill Phoenix, Inc. | Cascade refrigeration system with modular ammonia chiller units |
| CN103486755A (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2014-01-01 | 安徽美乐柯制冷空调设备有限公司 | Carbon dioxide overlapping-type commercial refrigeration system |
| US20160334143A1 (en) * | 2015-05-12 | 2016-11-17 | Shanghai Ocean University | Switchable two-stage and cascade marine energy-saving ultralow-temperature refrigeration system |
| CN205066256U (en) * | 2015-10-26 | 2016-03-02 | 济南欧菲特制冷设备有限公司 | Return -air heat transfer device for refrigeration plant |
| CN111322781A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-06-23 | 万吨通科技有限公司 | Refrigerator centralized cold source carbon dioxide cascade refrigeration system and refrigeration method |
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