CN115289429A - Car light lens and car light device based on total reflection - Google Patents

Car light lens and car light device based on total reflection Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115289429A
CN115289429A CN202210960859.1A CN202210960859A CN115289429A CN 115289429 A CN115289429 A CN 115289429A CN 202210960859 A CN202210960859 A CN 202210960859A CN 115289429 A CN115289429 A CN 115289429A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
light
total reflection
angle
incident
optical surface
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Pending
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CN202210960859.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
秦文红
刘常升
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Foshan Yibailai Manufacturing Co ltd
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Foshan Yibailai Manufacturing Co ltd
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Priority to CN202210960859.1A priority Critical patent/CN115289429A/en
Publication of CN115289429A publication Critical patent/CN115289429A/en
Priority to DE102023102353.5A priority patent/DE102023102353A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F21S41/147—Light emitting diodes [LED] the main emission direction of the LED being angled to the optical axis of the illuminating device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S41/25—Projection lenses
    • F21S41/275—Lens surfaces, e.g. coatings or surface structures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S41/285—Refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters not provided in groups F21S41/24-F21S41/28
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/30—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors
    • F21S41/32—Optical layout thereof
    • F21S41/322—Optical layout thereof the reflector using total internal reflection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2102/00—Exterior vehicle lighting devices for illuminating purposes
    • F21W2102/10—Arrangement or contour of the emitted light
    • F21W2102/13—Arrangement or contour of the emitted light for high-beam region or low-beam region
    • F21W2102/135—Arrangement or contour of the emitted light for high-beam region or low-beam region the light having cut-off lines, i.e. clear borderlines between emitted regions and dark regions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2107/00—Use or application of lighting devices on or in particular types of vehicles
    • F21W2107/10—Use or application of lighting devices on or in particular types of vehicles for land vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]

Abstract

The invention discloses a car light lens based on total reflection and a car light device, wherein the car light lens is an optically dense medium and comprises an incident part, a collimation part and a total reflection part which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and an emergent part arranged on the horizontal side of the total reflection part; the total reflection part is an inclined optical surface, the collimation part collects incident light and emits the incident light to the optical surface at a certain angle, wherein the incident light with the incident angle larger than the total reflection critical angle of the optical surface is reflected to the light emergent part at the horizontal side to form a bright area; the incident light with the incident angle smaller than the critical angle of total reflection of the optical surface is refracted to the light-thinning medium and cannot be reflected, so that a dark zone is formed, and the illumination light spot with a clear light and shade cut-off line is obtained. The method and the device have the advantages that the light projected to the bright area is ingeniously reflected by utilizing the critical angle of total reflection, and the light projected to the dark area is refracted, so that a clear light and shade cut-off line is obtained; meanwhile, the light source direction and the light emitting direction are turned at a large angle, are not on the same straight line and are staggered in space, so that the thickness of the car lamp is greatly reduced.

Description

Car light lens and car light device based on total reflection
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of vehicle illumination, and particularly relates to a total reflection-based vehicle lamp lens and a vehicle lamp device.
Background
In the field of vehicle lighting technology, there are clear requirements for the luminous intensity and the direction of illumination of high beam lighting, low beam lighting and fog lamps of vehicles. For the low beam of the headlight, in order to prevent glare, it is required that the emitted light must form a clear cut-off, for example, the german regulation for compact cars requires the H-H line to be 3.4 degrees <2Lux, and similar regulations for other countries.
For the formation of the cutoff line, the following methods are mainly adopted at present:
(1) And (4) a shielding method. The light emitted by the light source is shielded by arranging the light shading plate near the focus of the focusing and collimating component, so that a light and shade area is formed, and a light and shade cut-off line is formed at a light and shade junction, so that the regulation of a related lighting standard is met. The method has the advantages of clear cut-off line and long working distance of optical system, and is suitable for large-sized vehicles with high speed and space, such as automobiles, but is not suitable for small-sized vehicles, such as bicycles.
(2) And (3) an optical shaping method. One or more optical elements are used for shaping emergent light spots by designing the surface shape of a reflection or refraction optical surface so as to realize bright-dark cut-off. The method has the advantages that the working distance of the optical system is short, the number of elements is small, the method can be used for small vehicles, and the defects that the light and shade cut-off line is not easy to be clear, and the smaller the lamp is, the more difficult the cut-off line reaches the standard.
Thus, the ever-increasing demands of small car occupants in terms of appearance, bulk, and cut-off definition create significant challenges in optical design.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a vehicle lamp lens based on total reflection and a vehicle lamp device.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in one aspect of the invention, a total reflection-based vehicle lamp lens is an optically dense medium and comprises an incident part, a collimation part, a total reflection part and an emergent part, wherein the incident part, the collimation part and the total reflection part are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the emergent part is arranged on the horizontal side of the total reflection part;
the total reflection part comprises an inclined optical surface T, the collimation part is used for converging light rays incident from the incident part and emitting the light rays to the optical surface T at a certain angle, wherein the incident light with the incident angle larger than the total reflection critical angle of the optical surface T is reflected to the light-emitting part on the horizontal side, and a bright area is formed in an irradiated area; the incident light with the incident angle smaller than the critical angle of total reflection of the optical surface T is refracted to the light-thinning medium and cannot be reflected, a dark zone is formed in the irradiated area, and then the illumination light spot with a clear cut-off line is obtained.
As a preferred technical solution, the incident angle of the light beam from the collimating part to the optical surface T and the inclination angle of the optical surface T are set according to the required cut-off line orientation angle θ, specifically:
the normal direction angle ψ of the optical surface T with respect to the horizontal direction X is as follows:
Figure BDA0003792951280000021
relative to the horizontal direction X, the angle of the light beam emitted to the optical surface T by the collimating part is within a certain range, and the central angle thereof is equal to phi, as follows:
φ＝π-α-ψ
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
Figure BDA0003792951280000022
is the critical angle of total reflection of the optical surface T, beta is the normal direction angle of the light emergent part, theta is the orientation angle of the cut-off line of light and shade, n is the refractive index of the material of the optical medium in the total reflection part, n 0 The refractive index of the material of the light-thinning medium; with respect to the horizontal X direction, counterclockwise is positive and clockwise is negative.
Preferably, the collimating part is a TIR lens or a collimating lens; the collimating lens is one or more discrete.
As a preferred technical solution, the inclined optical surface T is an interface between an optically dense medium and an optically sparse medium, and is a cylindrical array surface that is a plane, an arc surface having a curvature in the horizontal direction, or a periodic arc surface in the horizontal direction, and is used for shaping a bright area light spot of an irradiated area.
Preferably, the light-emitting portion adopts a vertical plane, an inclined plane, an arc surface having a curvature in the horizontal direction, or a cylindrical array surface which is a periodic arc surface in the horizontal direction, and is used for shaping the light spot in the bright area of the irradiated area.
Preferably, the optically denser medium includes optical glass and optical resin, and the optically thinner medium outside the optical surface T includes air, water, or a solvent or material having a refractive index lower than that of the optically denser medium.
Preferably, the collimating part and the total reflection part are integrally formed or separately formed and assembled.
Preferably, the total reflection portion and the light exit portion are integrally formed or separately formed and assembled.
In another aspect of the present invention, a vehicular lamp device is provided, which includes the vehicular lamp lens based on total reflection, a light source and a housing, wherein light emitted from the light source enters the collimating part through the light inlet part.
As a preferred technical scheme, the light source is an LED light source; the vehicle lamp device further comprises a circuit board, and the circuit board is electrically connected with the LED light source and provides electric energy.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
(1) The method ingeniously reflects the light rays projected to a bright area by utilizing the total reflection critical angle of the inclined plane, and refracts the light rays which may be projected to a dark area, so that a clear light and shade cut-off line is obtained;
(2) The light source direction and the light-emitting direction are not on the same straight line, the turning is carried out at a large angle, and the turning is staggered in space, so that the thickness of the car lamp is greatly reduced.
(3) Reach the same light and shade cut-off line contrast, the required optical element geometric space of this application is littleer, and then has showing and has reduced the degree of difficulty and the puzzlement that the miniaturization of relevant product brought for optical system design.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a structural principle of a total reflection-based vehicular lamp lens according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a cut-off line of a lens of a vehicular lamp based on total reflection according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicular lamp lens with a collimating part having a collimating lens structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical surface T having a curved surface with curvature in the horizontal direction according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical surface T of a cylindrical array surface with a periodic arc surface in the horizontal direction according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an asymmetric cut-off line of the ECE R149 Class A standard of the small vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cut-off line illustration of the automotive ECE R112 standard according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a light-emitting portion of an embodiment of the present invention in a vertical plane;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the light emergent portion of the embodiment of the present invention, which is a cambered surface having a curvature in the horizontal direction;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a cylindrical array surface with a light emergent portion being a periodic arc surface in a horizontal direction according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a light-emitting part split structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of a vehicular lamp device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present application and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a vehicular lamp lens based on total reflection, which is an optically dense medium and includes an incident portion, a collimating portion, a total reflection portion, and an exit portion disposed on a horizontal side of the total reflection portion;
the light source is arranged at the top and irradiates from top to bottom, emitted light is converged by the collimation part and then irradiates to an inclined optical surface T of the total reflection part at a certain angle, the optical surface T is an interface of an optically dense medium and an optically sparse medium (air) (light irradiates to the optically sparse medium from the optically dense medium, and the refraction angle of the light is larger than the incident angle; when the incident angle is a certain value, the refraction angle is equal to 90 degrees, the incident angle is called Critical angle which is the minimum incident angle for total internal reflection), and a certain angle is set, so that the incident angle of the incident light which is reflected to the bright zone direction is larger than the total reflection Critical angle of the optical surface T, and part of the incident light is reflected to the bright zone of an illuminated area to realize illumination; meanwhile, the incident angle of the incident light which is reflected and points to the dark space direction is smaller than the total reflection critical angle of the optical surface T, the incident light cannot be reflected to the dark space and is refracted, so that the incident light is blocked, namely, a baffle is added to block the light, and a high-contrast clear cut-off line which is close to a blocking method is realized. Meanwhile, the baffle plate is very intelligent, like a filtering sieve, and only can block the light above the cut-off line, but the light below the cut-off line is not influenced. Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a cut-off line obtained by the vehicular lamp lens based on total reflection according to the present embodiment, which cuts off light rays above 2.5 degrees from the H-H line (horizontal plane) by using the critical angle of total reflection.
Further, the light beam incident angle of the collimating part to the optical surface T and the inclination angle of the optical surface T are set according to the required cut-off line orientation angle, specifically:
the normal direction angle ψ of the optical surface T with respect to the horizontal direction X is as follows:
Figure BDA0003792951280000061
the angle of the light beam emitted to the optical surface T by the collimating part is a certain range relative to the horizontal direction X, and phi is a point corresponding to the orientation angle theta of the cut-off line in the range. As shown in fig. 1, within this range, rays with angles less than phi (greater than the critical angle alpha) are reflected and rays with angles greater than phi are refracted. So phi divides the light energy effectively utilized (clear zones removed) and the light energy lost by refraction. For efficiency, the collimation portion is designed by considering the central angle of its beam range equal to, approximately equal to, or slightly less than φ, as follows:
φ＝π-α-ψ
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0003792951280000062
is the critical angle of total reflection of the optical surface T, beta is the normal direction angle of the light emergent part, theta is the orientation angle of the cut-off line of light and shade, n is the refractive index of the material of the optical medium in the total reflection part, n 0 The refractive index of the material of the light-thinning medium (the refractive index of air is 1); the angle with respect to the horizontal X direction is positive counterclockwise and negative clockwise.
Further, the collimating part is a TIR lens, as shown in fig. 1. In addition, the collimating part can also adopt a collimating lens structure as shown in fig. 3, and the collimating lens can be one or more discrete collimating lenses.
Furthermore, the inclined optical surface T is an interface between an optically dense medium and an optically sparse medium, and can contribute to clear cut-off and shaping of light spots in a bright area, so as to realize corresponding optical indexes. In the present embodiment, the following optical surface structures are adopted, but not limited thereto, and other non-exemplified optical surfaces without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention:
(1) Inclined planes as shown in fig. 1 and 3;
(2) A curved surface having a curvature in the horizontal direction as shown in fig. 4;
(3) A cylindrical array surface that is a periodic arc surface in the horizontal direction as shown in fig. 5.
As a preferred solution, this embodiment also designs the tilted optical surface T such that the outgoing light meets the asymmetric cut-off criteria, for example, small-sized ECE R149 Class a (as shown in fig. 6), automotive ECE R112 (as shown in fig. 7, where Zone II is limited by the h-h line (horizontal plane), zone I, zone IV, and vertical lines at 9 ° L and 9 ° R). Furthermore, the light-emitting part is used for shaping light spots in the illuminated area to realize corresponding optical indexes. In the present embodiment, the following light-emitting optical structures are used, but not limited thereto, and other optical structures without examples are included in the protection scope of the present invention without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention:
(a) A vertical plane (β = 0) as shown in fig. 8;
(b) Inclined planes as shown in fig. 1 and 3;
(c) A curved surface having a curvature in the horizontal direction as shown in fig. 9;
(d) A cylindrical array surface that is a periodic arc surface in the horizontal direction as shown in fig. 10.
Further, the optically dense medium includes any optical material having a refractive index larger than that of the optically sparse medium used, such as K glass, quartz glass, PC resin, PMMA resin, and the like, including optical glass and optical resin. The light-sparse medium outside the optical surface T of the total reflection part may be air, water or other solvent or other material having a refractive index lower than that of the optically dense medium.
Furthermore, the collimating part and the total reflecting part, and the total reflecting part and the light emergent part can be integrally formed or separately formed and assembled, the former is more flexible in optical design, and the latter is convenient to assemble and miniaturize. As shown in fig. 11, the light-emitting portion and the total reflection portion are formed as separate bodies, and the corrugated surface in the horizontal direction can be disposed on the inner side of the window, so that the outer surface of the lamp is smooth, and dust accumulation can be prevented.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 12, the present embodiment provides a car light device, including the car light lens based on total reflection described in embodiment 1, a light source and a housing, where the light source is disposed in a light incident portion at the top of the car light lens, and light emitted from the light source enters the collimating portion through the light incident portion; the car lamp lens is fixedly arranged inside the shell through screws.
Further, the light source is an LED light source; the car light device further comprises a circuit board, wherein the circuit board is arranged above the LED light source, fixedly mounted through screws, and electrically connected with the LED light source and used for providing electric energy.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A car light lens based on total reflection is characterized in that the car light lens is an optically dense medium and comprises an incident part, a collimation part and a total reflection part which are arranged from top to bottom in sequence, and an emergent part arranged on the horizontal side of the total reflection part;
the total reflection part comprises an inclined optical surface T, the collimation part is used for converging light rays incident from the incident part and emitting the light rays to the optical surface T at a certain angle, wherein the incident light with the incident angle larger than the total reflection critical angle of the optical surface T is reflected to the light-emitting part on the horizontal side, and a bright area is formed in an irradiated area; the incident light with the incident angle smaller than the critical angle of total reflection of the optical surface T is refracted to the light-thinning medium and cannot be reflected, a dark zone is formed in the irradiated area, and then the illumination light spot with a clear cut-off line is obtained.
2. The total reflection-based vehicular lamp lens according to claim 1, wherein the incident angle of the light beam from the collimating section toward the optical surface T and the inclination angle of the optical surface T are set according to a desired cut-off line orientation angle θ, specifically:
the normal direction angle ψ of the optical surface T with respect to the horizontal direction X is as follows:
Figure FDA0003792951270000011
the angle of the light beam emitted by the collimating part to the optical surface T is in a certain range with respect to the horizontal direction X, and the central angle thereof is equal to phi, as follows:
φ＝π-α-ψ
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0003792951270000012
is the critical angle of total reflection of the optical surface T, beta is the normal direction angle of the light emergent part, theta is the orientation angle of the cut-off line of light and shade, n is the refractive index of the material of the optical medium in the total reflection part, n 0 The refractive index of the material of the light-thinning medium; with respect to the horizontal X direction, counterclockwise is positive and clockwise is negative.
3. The total reflection-based vehicular lamp lens according to claim 1, wherein the collimating part is a TIR lens or a collimating lens; the collimating lens is one or more discrete lenses.
4. The total reflection-based vehicular lamp lens according to claim 1, wherein the inclined optical surface T is an interface between an optically dense medium and an optically sparse medium, and is a flat surface, or a curved surface with curvature in a horizontal direction, or a cylindrical array surface with a periodic curved surface in a horizontal direction, for shaping a bright area light spot of an irradiated area.
5. The total reflection-based vehicular lamp lens according to claim 1, wherein the light emergent portion is a vertical plane, an inclined plane, an arc surface having a curvature in a horizontal direction, or a cylindrical array surface having a periodic arc surface in a horizontal direction, and is configured to shape a bright spot in an irradiated area.
6. The total reflection-based vehicular lamp lens according to claim 1, wherein the optically denser medium comprises optical glass and optical resin, and the optically thinner medium outside the optical surface T comprises air, water, or a solvent or material having a lower refractive index than the optically denser medium.
7. The total reflection-based vehicular lamp lens according to claim 1, wherein the collimating portion and the total reflection portion are integrally formed or separately formed and assembled.
8. The lens for vehicular lamp based on total reflection according to claim 1, wherein the total reflection portion and the light exit portion are integrally formed or separately formed and assembled.
9. A vehicular lamp device, comprising the total reflection-based vehicular lamp lens according to any one of claims 1 to 8, a light source, and a housing, wherein light emitted from the light source enters the collimating section through the light entrance section.
10. The vehicular lamp device according to claim 9, wherein the light source is an LED light source; the vehicle lamp device further comprises a circuit board, and the circuit board is electrically connected with the LED light source and provides electric energy.
CN202210960859.1A 2022-08-11 2022-08-11 Car light lens and car light device based on total reflection Pending CN115289429A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210960859.1A CN115289429A (en) 2022-08-11 2022-08-11 Car light lens and car light device based on total reflection
DE102023102353.5A DE102023102353A1 (en) 2022-08-11 2023-01-31 Total internal reflection based car lamp lens and car lamp device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210960859.1A CN115289429A (en) 2022-08-11 2022-08-11 Car light lens and car light device based on total reflection

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CN115289429A true CN115289429A (en) 2022-11-04

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