CN115287515B - A lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments and its preparation method - Google Patents
A lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments and its preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 236
- 229910001257 Nb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 226
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 22
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 74
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 72
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 72
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- HIMLGVIQSDVUJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum vanadium Chemical compound [Al].[V] HIMLGVIQSDVUJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000012856 weighed raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 4
- GAYPVYLCOOFYAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Nb].[W] Chemical compound [Nb].[W] GAYPVYLCOOFYAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001080 W alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910004349 Ti-Al Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004692 Ti—Al Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AUTWRGZQAIMMQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Hf].[Nb] Chemical compound [Hf].[Nb] AUTWRGZQAIMMQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003064 anti-oxidating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- YXTPWUNVHCYOSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis($l^{2}-silanylidene)molybdenum Chemical compound [Si]=[Mo]=[Si] YXTPWUNVHCYOSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021344 molybdenum silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C27/00—Alloys based on rhenium or a refractory metal not mentioned in groups C22C14/00 or C22C16/00
- C22C27/02—Alloys based on vanadium, niobium, or tantalum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/18—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料及其制备方法和应用，属于合金制备技术领域，用以解决现有铌合金在低温区间很难有高强度、高韧性的技术问题。通过钨、钼、铼、铪、钛、铝、钒、铬、锆等元素多元合金化和合适的配比大大降低了轻质铌合金的塑‑脆转变温度，通过固溶强化铌合金，提高合金的高温强度；加入低密度元素来降低合金的密度；本发明制备的深冷环境用轻质合金材料在零下196℃仍具有高强度、高韧性和优异的塑性等出色的性能；同时该合金密度低、在1000℃高温仍具有良好的力学性能和超塑性；该合金可广泛用于深空探索、南极和北极探索等领域。
The invention discloses a lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments and its preparation method and application. It belongs to the technical field of alloy preparation and is used to solve the technical problem that existing niobium alloys are difficult to achieve high strength and high toughness in the low temperature range. Through multi-element alloying and appropriate proportioning of tungsten, molybdenum, rhenium, hafnium, titanium, aluminum, vanadium, chromium, zirconium and other elements, the plastic-brittle transition temperature of lightweight niobium alloys is greatly reduced. Through solid solution strengthening of niobium alloys, the plastic-brittle transition temperature is improved. The high-temperature strength of the alloy; low-density elements are added to reduce the density of the alloy; the lightweight alloy material for cryogenic environments prepared by the invention still has excellent properties such as high strength, high toughness and excellent plasticity at minus 196°C; at the same time, the alloy It has low density and still has good mechanical properties and superplasticity at a high temperature of 1000°C; this alloy can be widely used in deep space exploration, Antarctic and Arctic exploration and other fields.
Description
技术领域Technical field
本发明属于合金制备技术领域，具体涉及一种深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料及其制备方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of alloy preparation, and specifically relates to a lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments and a preparation method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
铌合金具有高比强度、高比刚度、高熔点(2468℃)、耐腐蚀和冷热成形性能好等优点，是航空航天和先进武器装备等领域非常具有应用前景的材料，也是我国国防事业急需的先进材料，被广泛用于制造火箭发动机喷管、高超音速飞机、飞船、导弹、卫星以及核反应堆的关键部件。由于其服役环境的特殊性，要求铌合金同时在高温和低温均具有一定的强度和韧性。此外，为了满足此类部件对于减重方面的需求，要求降低材料的密度。Niobium alloy has the advantages of high specific strength, high specific stiffness, high melting point (2468°C), corrosion resistance and good hot and cold forming properties. It is a material with great application prospects in the fields of aerospace and advanced weapons and equipment. It is also an urgent need for my country's national defense industry. Advanced materials are widely used in the manufacture of rocket engine nozzles, hypersonic aircraft, spacecraft, missiles, satellites and key components of nuclear reactors. Due to the particularity of its service environment, niobium alloys are required to have certain strength and toughness at both high and low temperatures. In addition, in order to meet the weight reduction needs of such components, the density of materials is required to be reduced.
现阶段使用的较为成熟的商用铌合金多为C103(Nb-10Hf-1Ti-0.7Zr)和 Nb521(Nb-5W-2Mo-1Zr)。我国研制的Nb521铌钨合金(Nb-5W-2Mo-1Zr)与苏联研制的5BMV合金相似。5BMV合金在苏联应用于双元液体火箭发动机推力室身部的制造，在硅化钼高温抗氧化涂层的保护下推力室的工作温度可达到1550℃左右，大幅度减少了用于冷却燃烧室的推进剂流量，有利于提高发动机的性能。随着更多型号发动机研制的需求，Nb521铌钨合金在我国航天领域的使用更加广阔，不但在双元液体火箭发动机上使用，其他高速飞行器某些高温部件也开始使用。然而，铌钨、铌铪等合金的密度较高，不能满足新一代航空飞行器对减重的迫切要求。为了获得更低密度合金，研究人员已经开发了多种低密度铌合金体系，比如Nb-Ti-Al、Nb-Ti-Al-Cr、Nb-Ti-Al-Mo、Nb-Ti-Al- Cr-W等。但是评判一种材料是否可用，需综合考虑合金的密度、高温强度和塑 -脆转变温度等特性，其中塑-脆转变温度对于低密度铌合金尤为重要，因为高超音速飞机和航空航天飞行器等都需要在数万米高空甚至是太空环境下运行，其工作温度范围可以从1000℃以上到零下100℃甚至更低的温度。铌合金普遍具有较好的高温性能，然而在低温区，铌合金往往会发生塑-脆转变，塑性急剧下降，材料呈现出较大的脆性。The more mature commercial niobium alloys currently used are mostly C103 (Nb-10Hf-1Ti-0.7Zr) and Nb521 (Nb-5W-2Mo-1Zr). The Nb521 niobium tungsten alloy (Nb-5W-2Mo-1Zr) developed in our country is similar to the 5BMV alloy developed by the Soviet Union. 5BMV alloy was used in the Soviet Union to manufacture the thrust chamber body of dual-element liquid rocket engines. Under the protection of molybdenum silicide high-temperature anti-oxidation coating, the working temperature of the thrust chamber can reach about 1550°C, which greatly reduces the time required to cool the combustion chamber. Propellant flow is beneficial to improve engine performance. With the demand for the development of more types of engines, Nb521 niobium-tungsten alloy has become more widely used in my country's aerospace field. It is not only used in binary liquid rocket engines, but also in certain high-temperature components of other high-speed aircraft. However, alloys such as niobium-tungsten and niobium-hafnium have high densities and cannot meet the urgent weight reduction requirements of new generation aviation aircraft. In order to obtain lower density alloys, researchers have developed a variety of low-density niobium alloy systems, such as Nb-Ti-Al, Nb-Ti-Al-Cr, Nb-Ti-Al-Mo, Nb-Ti-Al-Cr -W et al. However, to judge whether a material is usable, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the density, high temperature strength and plastic-brittle transition temperature of the alloy. Among them, the plastic-brittle transition temperature is particularly important for low-density niobium alloys, because hypersonic aircraft and aerospace vehicles have It needs to operate at an altitude of tens of thousands of meters or even in a space environment, and its operating temperature range can range from over 1000°C to minus 100°C or even lower. Niobium alloys generally have good high-temperature properties. However, in low-temperature areas, niobium alloys often undergo a plastic-brittle transition, the plasticity drops sharply, and the material becomes more brittle.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了克服上述现有技术的缺点，本发明的目的在于提供一种深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料及其制备方法，用以解决现有铌合金在低温区间很难有高强度、高韧性的技术问题。In order to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments and a preparation method thereof to solve the problem that it is difficult for existing niobium alloys to have high strength and high toughness in the low temperature range. technical problem.
为了达到上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案予以实现：In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions to achieve:
本发明公开了一种深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料，以质量百分比计，所述深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料的制备原料包括：18％～48％的Ti、0％或2％～10％的 Al、0％或3％～7％的V、0％或0.5％～5.5％的Zr、0％或1％～6％的Cr、0％或 2％～10％的W、0％或2％～10％的Mo、0％或2％～10％的Re、0％或2％～10％的Hf以及余量的Nb。The invention discloses a lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments. In terms of mass percentage, the raw materials for preparing the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments include: 18% to 48% Ti, 0% or 2% ~10% Al, 0% or 3% to 7% V, 0% or 0.5% to 5.5% Zr, 0% or 1% to 6% Cr, 0% or 2% to 10% W, 0% or 2% to 10% Mo, 0% or 2% to 10% Re, 0% or 2% to 10% Hf and the balance Nb.
本发明公开了一种深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料，以质量百分比计，所述深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料的制备原料包括：18％～48％的Ti、2％～10％的Al、 3％～7％的V、2％～10％的W、0.5％～5.5％的Zr、1％～6％的Cr，以及余量的 Nb。The invention discloses a lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments. In terms of mass percentage, the raw materials for preparing the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments include: 18% to 48% Ti, 2% to 10% Al, 3% to 7% V, 2% to 10% W, 0.5% to 5.5% Zr, 1% to 6% Cr, and the balance Nb.
本发明公开了一种深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料，以质量百分比计，所述深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料的制备原料包括：18％～48％的Ti、2％～10％的Al、 3％～7％的V、2％～10％的Mo、0.5％～5.5％的Zr，1％～6％的Cr，以及余量的 Nb。The invention discloses a lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments. In terms of mass percentage, the raw materials for preparing the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments include: 18% to 48% Ti, 2% to 10% Al, 3% to 7% V, 2% to 10% Mo, 0.5% to 5.5% Zr, 1% to 6% Cr, and the balance Nb.
本发明公开了一种深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料，以质量百分比计，所述深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料的制备原料包括：18％～48％的Ti、2％～10％的Al、 3％～7％的V、2％～10％的Re、0.5％～5.5％的Zr、1％～6％的Cr，以及余量的Nb。The invention discloses a lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments. In terms of mass percentage, the raw materials for preparing the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments include: 18% to 48% Ti, 2% to 10% Al, 3% to 7% V, 2% to 10% Re, 0.5% to 5.5% Zr, 1% to 6% Cr, and the balance Nb.
本发明公开了一种深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料，以质量百分比计，所述深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料的制备原料包括：18％～48％的Ti、2％～10％的Al、 3％～7％的V、2％～10％的Hf、0.5％～5.5％的Zr、1％～6％的Cr，以及余量的 Nb。The invention discloses a lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments. In terms of mass percentage, the raw materials for preparing the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments include: 18% to 48% Ti, 2% to 10% Al, 3% to 7% V, 2% to 10% Hf, 0.5% to 5.5% Zr, 1% to 6% Cr, and the balance Nb.
本发明公开了一种深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料，以质量百分比计，所述深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料的制备原料包括：18％～48％的Ti、3％～7％的V、 2％～10％的W、0.5％～5.5％的Zr，以及余量的Nb。The invention discloses a lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments. In terms of mass percentage, the raw materials for preparing the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments include: 18% to 48% Ti, 3% to 7% V, 2% to 10% W, 0.5% to 5.5% Zr, and the balance Nb.
本发明公开了一种深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料，以质量百分比计，所述深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料的制备原料包括：18％～48％的Ti、3％～7％的V、 2％～10％的Hf、0.5％～5.5％的Zr，以及余量的Nb。The invention discloses a lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments. In terms of mass percentage, the raw materials for preparing the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments include: 18% to 48% Ti, 3% to 7% V, 2% to 10% Hf, 0.5% to 5.5% Zr, and the balance Nb.
本发明公开了一种深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料，以质量百分比计，所述深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料的制备原料包括：18％～48％的Ti、3％～7％的V、 2％～10％的Mo、0.5％～5.5％的Zr，以及余量的Nb或18％～48％的Ti、2％～10％的Al、2％～10％的W、1％～6％的Cr，以及余量的Nb。The invention discloses a lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments. In terms of mass percentage, the raw materials for preparing the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments include: 18% to 48% Ti, 3% to 7% V, 2% to 10% Mo, 0.5% to 5.5% Zr, and the balance Nb or 18% to 48% Ti, 2% to 10% Al, 2% to 10% W, 1 %~6% Cr, and the balance Nb.
本发明公开了一种深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料，以质量百分比计，所述深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料的制备原料包括：18％～48％的Ti、2％～10％的Al、 2％～10％的Mo、1％～6％的Cr，以及余量的Nb或18％～48％的Ti、2％～10％的Al、2％～10％的Re、1％～6％的Cr，以及余量的Nb。The invention discloses a lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments. In terms of mass percentage, the raw materials for preparing the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments include: 18% to 48% Ti, 2% to 10% Al, 2% to 10% Mo, 1% to 6% Cr, and the balance Nb or 18% to 48% Ti, 2% to 10% Al, 2% to 10% Re, 1 %~6% Cr, and the balance Nb.
本发明还公开了上述深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：The invention also discloses a method for preparing the above-mentioned lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments, which includes the following steps:
S1：将制备原料的合金元素按照质量百分比的关系进行混合，随后压制成电极；若制备原料的合金元素中包括Al和V合金元素，所述Al和V合金元素以中间合金方式加入，其他合金元素按照纯金属元素方式加入；S1: Mix the alloying elements of the raw materials according to the mass percentage relationship, and then press them into electrodes; if the alloying elements of the raw materials include Al and V alloying elements, the Al and V alloying elements are added in the form of intermediate alloys, and other alloys Elements are added as pure metal elements;
S2：将电极置于真空电子束熔炼炉中，在真空度小于5×10-2Pa的条件下进行熔炼1～3次，得到半成品铸锭；所述真空电子束熔炼电子束枪电流为2.30A～2.50A、熔速为12mm/min～18mm/min；S2: Place the electrode in a vacuum electron beam melting furnace and melt it 1 to 3 times under the condition of a vacuum degree of less than 5×10 -2 Pa to obtain a semi-finished ingot; the vacuum electron beam melting electron beam gun current is 2.30 A～2.50A, melting speed 12mm/min～18mm/min;
S3：将半成品铸锭置于真空自耗电弧炉中，在真空度小于5×10-2Pa的条件下进行熔炼1～3次，得到轻质铌合金铸锭；所述真空自耗电弧熔炼的电流为 7KA～11KA、熔炼电压为29V～37V；S3: Place the semi-finished ingot in a vacuum self-consumption electric arc furnace and melt it 1 to 3 times under the condition that the vacuum degree is less than 5×10 -2 Pa to obtain a lightweight niobium alloy ingot; the vacuum self-consumption electric arc furnace The current of arc melting is 7KA~11KA, and the melting voltage is 29V~37V;
S4：将轻质铌合金铸锭在挤压温度为950℃～1150℃，挤压比为4～6的条件下进行挤压，得到深冷环境用轻质铌合金棒坯；S4: Extruding the lightweight niobium alloy ingot at an extrusion temperature of 950°C to 1150°C and an extrusion ratio of 4 to 6 to obtain a lightweight niobium alloy rod blank for cryogenic environments;
S5：将深冷环境用轻质铌合金棒坯在真空度小于2×10-2Pa的条件真空退火，退火温度为950℃～1150℃，得到深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料。S5: Vacuum anneal the lightweight niobium alloy rod blank for cryogenic environments at a vacuum degree of less than 2×10 -2 Pa. The annealing temperature is 950°C to 1150°C to obtain lightweight niobium alloy materials for cryogenic environments.
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
本发明公开了一种深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料，通过钨、钼、铼、铪、钛、铝、钒、铬、锆等元素多元合金化和合适的配比大大降低了轻质铌合金的塑-脆转变温度；通过添加钨、钼、铼和铪等高熔点金属元素来固溶强化铌合金，提高合金的高温强度；另外加入一定量的钛、铝和钒等低密度元素来降低合金的密度。多种措施同时发挥作用，开发出了一种在极低温度下具有高强度、高韧性和高延展性的轻质铌合金。根据相关的实验结果证明，本发明公开的一种深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料在零下196℃甚至更低的温度仍具有高强度、高韧性和优异的塑性等出色的性能；同时该合金密度低、在1000℃及更高的温度具有良好的力学性能和超塑性；该合金可广泛用于深空探索、南极和北极探索等领域。The invention discloses a lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments. Through multi-element alloying of tungsten, molybdenum, rhenium, hafnium, titanium, aluminum, vanadium, chromium, zirconium and other elements and appropriate proportioning, the lightweight niobium alloy material is greatly reduced. The plastic-brittle transition temperature of the alloy; solid solution strengthening of niobium alloys by adding high-melting-point metal elements such as tungsten, molybdenum, rhenium and hafnium to improve the high-temperature strength of the alloy; and adding a certain amount of low-density elements such as titanium, aluminum and vanadium to Reduce the density of the alloy. A combination of measures worked together to develop a lightweight niobium alloy with high strength, toughness and ductility at very low temperatures. According to relevant experimental results, it is proved that the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments disclosed in the present invention still has excellent properties such as high strength, high toughness and excellent plasticity at temperatures of minus 196°C or even lower; at the same time, the alloy It has low density, good mechanical properties and superplasticity at temperatures of 1000°C and higher; this alloy can be widely used in deep space exploration, Antarctic and Arctic exploration and other fields.
本发明还公开了上述深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料的制备方法，与现有技术相比，该方法简单，环保，采用该方法制备得到的材料具有纯度高，微观组织均匀细小的优点，具有广阔的应用前景。The invention also discloses a method for preparing the above-mentioned lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments. Compared with the existing technology, this method is simple and environmentally friendly. The material prepared by this method has the advantages of high purity and uniform and fine microstructure. have a broad vision of application.
附图说明Description of the drawings
图1为实施例1制备得到的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料的显微组织图。Figure 1 is a microstructure diagram of the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments prepared in Example 1.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本领域技术人员可了解本发明的特点及效果，以下谨就说明书及权利要求书中提及的术语及用语进行一般性的说明及定义。除非另有指明，否则文中使用的所有技术及科学上的字词，均为本领域技术人员对于本发明所了解的通常意义，当有冲突情形时，应以本说明书的定义为准。In order to enable those skilled in the art to understand the characteristics and effects of the present invention, the terms and expressions mentioned in the description and claims are generally described and defined below. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the text have their usual meanings as understood by those skilled in the art regarding the present invention. In the event of conflict, the definitions in this specification shall prevail.
本文描述和公开的理论或机制，无论是对或错，均不应以任何方式限制本发明的范围，即本发明内容可以在不为任何特定的理论或机制所限制的情况下实施。The theories or mechanisms described and disclosed herein, whether true or false, should not limit the scope of the invention in any way, that is, the invention may be implemented without being limited to any particular theory or mechanism.
本文中，所有以数值范围或百分比范围形式界定的特征如数值、数量、含量与浓度仅是为了简洁及方便。据此，数值范围或百分比范围的描述应视为已涵盖且具体公开所有可能的次级范围及范围内的个别数值(包括整数与分数)。In this article, all characteristics such as numerical values, quantities, contents, and concentrations defined in the form of numerical ranges or percentage ranges are for simplicity and convenience only. Accordingly, a description of a numerical range or percentage range shall be deemed to cover and specifically disclose all possible subranges and individual values within the range (including integers and fractions).
本文中，若无特别说明，“包含”、“包括”、“含有”、“具有”或类似用语涵盖了“由……组成”和“主要由……组成”的意思，例如“A包含a”涵盖了“A包含a和其他”和“A仅包含a”的意思。In this article, unless otherwise stated, "comprises", "includes", "contains", "has" or similar terms cover the meanings of "consisting of" and "consisting essentially of", for example, "A includes a ” covers the meaning of “A contains a and others” and “A contains only a”.
本文中，为使描述简洁，未对各个实施方案或实施例中的各个技术特征的所有可能的组合都进行描述。因此，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，各个实施方案或实施例中的各个技术特征可以进行任意的组合，所有可能的组合都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。Herein, in order to keep the description concise, not all possible combinations of each technical feature in each embodiment or example are described. Therefore, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, each technical feature in each embodiment or example can be combined in any way, and all possible combinations should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.
下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐述本发明。应理解，这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。此外应理解，在阅读了本发明讲授的内容之后，本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改，这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that these examples are only used to illustrate the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the teachings of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of this application.
下列实施例中使用本领域常规的仪器设备。下列实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法，通常按照常规条件，或按照制造厂商所建议的条件。下列实施例中使用各种原料，除非另作说明，都使用常规市售产品，其规格为本领域常规规格。在本发明的说明书以及下述实施例中，如没有特别说明，“％”都表示重量百分比，“份”都表示重量份，比例都表示重量比。In the following examples, conventional equipment in this field was used. Experimental methods without specifying specific conditions in the following examples usually follow conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. Various raw materials are used in the following examples. Unless otherwise stated, conventional commercially available products are used, and their specifications are conventional specifications in this field. In the description of the present invention and the following examples, unless otherwise specified, "%" means weight percentage, "part" means weight part, and proportion means weight ratio.
实施例1Example 1
一种深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：A method for preparing lightweight niobium alloy materials for cryogenic environments, including the following steps:
所述深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料由以下质量百分比的原料制成：Ti18％， Al2％，V3％，W2％，Zr0.5％，Cr1％，余量为Nb；The lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments is made of raw materials with the following mass percentages: Ti18%, Al2%, V3%, W2%, Zr0.5%, Cr1%, and the balance is Nb;
步骤1:：将各种合金元素采用纯金属元素和中间合金两种方法加入；铝和钒以铝钒中间合金方式加入，其它合金元素采用纯金属元素加入；原材料采用已有的国家标准、企业标准和美国标准。将称好的原料混合均匀压制成电极；Step 1: Add various alloying elements using two methods: pure metal elements and master alloys; aluminum and vanadium are added in the form of aluminum-vanadium master alloys, and other alloying elements are added using pure metal elements; raw materials adopt existing national standards and enterprise standards. standards and U.S. standards. Mix the weighed raw materials evenly and press them into electrodes;
步骤2：将电极置于真空电子束熔炼炉中，在真空度小于5×10-2Pa的条件下进行熔炼3次，得到半成品铸锭，所述真空电子束熔炼电子束枪电流为 2.50A、熔速为18mm/min；Step 2: Place the electrode in a vacuum electron beam melting furnace and melt it three times under the condition that the vacuum degree is less than 5×10 -2 Pa to obtain a semi-finished ingot. The electron beam gun current of the vacuum electron beam melting is 2.50A. , melting speed is 18mm/min;
步骤3：将半成品铸锭置于真空自耗电弧炉中，在真空度小于5×10-2Pa的条件下进行熔炼3次，得到轻质铌合金铸锭，所述真空自耗电弧熔炼的电流为 7KA、熔炼电压为37V；Step 3: Place the semi-finished ingot in a vacuum consumable arc furnace and melt it three times under the condition that the vacuum degree is less than 5×10 -2 Pa to obtain a lightweight niobium alloy ingot. The vacuum consumable arc furnace The smelting current is 7KA and the smelting voltage is 37V;
步骤4：将轻质铌合金铸锭在挤压温度为950℃，挤压比为6的条件下进行挤压，得到深冷环境用轻质铌合金棒坯；Step 4: Extrude the lightweight niobium alloy ingot at an extrusion temperature of 950°C and an extrusion ratio of 6 to obtain a lightweight niobium alloy rod blank for cryogenic environments;
步骤5：将铌合金棒材在真空度小于2×10-2Pa的条件真空退火，退火温度为1150℃，得到深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料。Step 5: Vacuum anneal the niobium alloy rod at a vacuum degree of less than 2×10 -2 Pa. The annealing temperature is 1150°C to obtain a lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments.
本实施例制备的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料显微组织如图1所示，从图1 中可以看出，粗大的树枝状组织完全被破碎和细化。制备的轻质铌合金材料晶粒细小均匀、呈等轴状。The microstructure of the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments prepared in this embodiment is shown in Figure 1. It can be seen from Figure 1 that the coarse dendritic structure is completely broken and refined. The prepared lightweight niobium alloy material has fine, uniform and equiaxed grains.
本实施例制备的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料密度为5.97g/cm3。该合金材料在室温条件下的抗拉强度为475MPa、断后伸长率为29％；在-196℃极低温度条件下抗拉强度为1050MPa、断后伸长率为15％；-150℃的冲击韧性(aKU2) 值为123J/cm2；在1000℃高温条件下抗拉强度为90MPa、断后延伸率为155％。本发明制备的深冷环境用轻质合金材料在零下196℃仍具有高强度、高韧性和优异的塑性等出色的性能；同时该合金密度低、在1000℃高温仍具有良好的力学性能和超塑性；该合金可广泛用于深空探索、南极和北极探索等领域The density of the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments prepared in this example is 5.97g/cm 3 . The tensile strength of this alloy material at room temperature is 475MPa and the elongation after fracture is 29%; at the extremely low temperature of -196°C, the tensile strength is 1050MPa and the elongation after fracture is 15%; impact at -150°C The toughness (aKU2) value is 123J/cm 2 ; the tensile strength under high temperature conditions of 1000°C is 90MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 155%. The lightweight alloy material for cryogenic environments prepared by the invention still has excellent properties such as high strength, high toughness and excellent plasticity at minus 196°C; at the same time, the alloy has low density and still has good mechanical properties and ultra-high temperature at 1000°C. Plasticity; this alloy can be widely used in deep space exploration, Antarctic and Arctic exploration and other fields
实施例2Example 2
一种深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：A method for preparing lightweight niobium alloy materials for cryogenic environments, including the following steps:
所述深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料由以下质量百分比的原料制成：Ti48％， Al2％，V7％，W10％，Zr0.5％，Cr6％，余量为Nb；The lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments is made of raw materials with the following mass percentages: Ti48%, Al2%, V7%, W10%, Zr0.5%, Cr6%, and the balance is Nb;
步骤1：各种合金元素采用纯金属元素和中间合金两种方法加入；铝和钒以铝钒中间合金方式加入，其它合金元素采用纯金属元素加入；原材料采用已有的国家标准、企业标准和美国标准。将称好的原料混合均匀压制成电极；Step 1: Various alloying elements are added using pure metal elements and master alloys; aluminum and vanadium are added in the form of aluminum-vanadium master alloy, and other alloying elements are added using pure metal elements; raw materials adopt existing national standards, enterprise standards and American standard. Mix the weighed raw materials evenly and press them into electrodes;
步骤2：将电极置于真空电子束熔炼炉中，在真空度小于5×10-2Pa的条件下进行熔炼1次，得到半成品铸锭，所述真空电子束熔炼电子束枪电流为2.3A、熔速为12mm/min；Step 2: Place the electrode in a vacuum electron beam melting furnace and melt it once under the condition of a vacuum degree of less than 5×10 -2 Pa to obtain a semi-finished ingot. The electron beam gun current of the vacuum electron beam melting is 2.3A. , melting speed is 12mm/min;
步骤3：将半成品铸锭置于真空自耗电弧炉中，在真空度小于5×10-2Pa的条件下进行熔炼1次，得到轻质铌合金铸锭，所述真空自耗电弧熔炼的电流为 11KA、熔炼电压为29V；Step 3: Place the semi-finished ingot in a vacuum consumable arc furnace and melt it once under the condition of a vacuum degree of less than 5×10-2Pa to obtain a lightweight niobium alloy ingot. The vacuum consumable arc melting The current is 11KA and the melting voltage is 29V;
步骤4：将轻质铌合金铸锭在挤压温度为1150℃，挤压比为4的条件下进行挤压，得到深冷环境用轻质铌合金棒坯；Step 4: Extrude the lightweight niobium alloy ingot at an extrusion temperature of 1150°C and an extrusion ratio of 4 to obtain a lightweight niobium alloy rod blank for cryogenic environments;
步骤5：将铌合金棒材在真空度小于2×10-2Pa的条件真空退火，退火温度为950℃，得到深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料。Step 5: Vacuum anneal the niobium alloy rod at a vacuum degree of less than 2×10 -2 Pa. The annealing temperature is 950°C to obtain a lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments.
本实施例制备的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料密度为6.10g/cm3。该合金材料在室温条件下的抗拉强度为450MPa、断后伸长率为25％；在-196℃极低温度条件下抗拉强度为1005MPa、断后伸长率为11％；-150℃的冲击韧性(aKU2) 值为118J/cm2；在1000℃高温条件下抗拉强度为70MPaa、断后延伸率为 110％。The density of the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments prepared in this embodiment is 6.10g/cm 3 . The tensile strength of this alloy material at room temperature is 450MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 25%; under extremely low temperature conditions of -196°C, the tensile strength is 1005MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 11%; impact at -150°C The toughness (aKU2) value is 118J/cm 2 ; the tensile strength under high temperature conditions of 1000°C is 70MPaa, and the elongation after fracture is 110%.
实施例3Example 3
一种深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：A method for preparing lightweight niobium alloy materials for cryogenic environments, including the following steps:
所述深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料由以下质量百分比的原料制成：Ti33％，Al6％，V5％，W6％，Zr6％，Cr3.5％，余量为Nb；The lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments is made of raw materials with the following mass percentages: Ti33%, Al6%, V5%, W6%, Zr6%, Cr3.5%, and the balance is Nb;
步骤1：各种合金元素采用纯金属元素和中间合金两种方法加入。铝和钒以铝钒中间合金方式加入，其它合金元素采用纯金属元素加入。原材料采用已有的国家标准、企业标准和美国标准。将称好的原料混合均匀压制成电极；Step 1: Various alloying elements are added using two methods: pure metal elements and master alloys. Aluminum and vanadium are added in the form of aluminum-vanadium master alloy, and other alloying elements are added as pure metal elements. Raw materials adopt existing national standards, enterprise standards and American standards. Mix the weighed raw materials evenly and press them into electrodes;
步骤2：将电极置于真空电子束熔炼炉中，在真空度小于5×10-2Pa的条件下进行熔炼2次，得到半成品铸锭，所述真空电子束熔炼电子束枪电流为2.4A、熔速为15mm/min；Step 2: Place the electrode in a vacuum electron beam melting furnace and melt it twice under the condition that the vacuum degree is less than 5×10 -2 Pa to obtain a semi-finished ingot. The electron beam gun current of the vacuum electron beam melting is 2.4A. , melting speed is 15mm/min;
步骤3：将半成品铸锭置于真空自耗电弧炉中，在真空度小于5×10-2Pa的条件下进行熔炼2次，得到轻质铌合金铸锭，所述真空自耗电弧熔炼的电流为 9KA、熔炼电压为33V；Step 3: Place the semi-finished ingot in a vacuum consumable arc furnace and melt it twice under the condition that the vacuum degree is less than 5×10 -2 Pa to obtain a lightweight niobium alloy ingot. The vacuum consumable arc furnace The melting current is 9KA and the melting voltage is 33V;
步骤4：将轻质铌合金铸锭在挤压温度为1050℃，挤压比为5的条件下进行挤压，得到深冷环境用轻质铌合金棒坯；Step 4: Extrude the lightweight niobium alloy ingot at an extrusion temperature of 1050°C and an extrusion ratio of 5 to obtain a lightweight niobium alloy rod blank for cryogenic environments;
步骤5：将铌合金棒材在真空度小于2×10-2Pa的条件真空退火，退火温度为1050℃，得到深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料。Step 5: Vacuum anneal the niobium alloy rod at a vacuum degree of less than 2×10-2Pa. The annealing temperature is 1050°C to obtain a lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments.
本实施例制备的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料的密度为6.07g/cm3。该合金材料在室温条件下的抗拉强度为460MPa、断后伸长率为27％；在-196℃极低温度条件下抗拉强度为10035MPa、断后伸长率为12％；-150℃的冲击韧性 (aKU2)值为119J/cm2；在1000℃高温条件下抗拉强度为79MPa、断后延伸率为137％。The density of the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments prepared in this embodiment is 6.07g/cm 3 . The tensile strength of this alloy material at room temperature is 460MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 27%; at the extremely low temperature of -196°C, the tensile strength is 10035MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 12%; impact at -150°C The toughness (aKU2) value is 119J/cm 2 ; the tensile strength under high temperature conditions of 1000°C is 79MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 137%.
实施例4Example 4
一种深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：A method for preparing lightweight niobium alloy materials for cryogenic environments, including the following steps:
所述深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料由以下质量百分比的原料制成：Ti18％， Al2％，V3％，Mo2％，Zr0.5％，Cr1％，余量为Nb；The lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments is made of raw materials with the following mass percentages: Ti18%, Al2%, V3%, Mo2%, Zr0.5%, Cr1%, and the balance is Nb;
步骤1：各种合金元素采用纯金属元素和中间合金两种方法加入；铝和钒以铝钒中间合金方式加入，其它合金元素采用纯金属元素加入。原材料采用已有的国家标准、企业标准和美国标准。将称好的原料混合均匀压制成电极；Step 1: Various alloying elements are added in two ways: pure metal elements and master alloys; aluminum and vanadium are added in the form of aluminum-vanadium master alloys, and other alloying elements are added in the form of pure metal elements. Raw materials adopt existing national standards, enterprise standards and American standards. Mix the weighed raw materials evenly and press them into electrodes;
步骤2：将电极置于真空电子束熔炼炉中，在真空度小于5×10-2Pa的条件下进行熔炼2次，得到半成品铸锭，所述真空电子束熔炼电子束枪电流为2.4A、熔速为157mm/min；Step 2: Place the electrode in a vacuum electron beam melting furnace and melt it twice under the condition that the vacuum degree is less than 5×10 -2 Pa to obtain a semi-finished ingot. The electron beam gun current of the vacuum electron beam melting is 2.4A. , melting speed is 157mm/min;
步骤3：将半成品铸锭置于真空自耗电弧炉中，在真空度小于5×10-2Pa的条件下进行熔炼2次，得到轻质铌合金铸锭，所述真空自耗电弧熔炼的电流为 8KA、熔炼电压为30V；Step 3: Place the semi-finished ingot in a vacuum consumable arc furnace and melt it twice under the condition that the vacuum degree is less than 5×10 -2 Pa to obtain a lightweight niobium alloy ingot. The vacuum consumable arc furnace The smelting current is 8KA and the smelting voltage is 30V;
步骤4：将轻质铌合金铸锭在挤压温度为1050℃，挤压比为5的条件下进行挤压，得到深冷环境用轻质铌合金棒坯；Step 4: Extrude the lightweight niobium alloy ingot at an extrusion temperature of 1050°C and an extrusion ratio of 5 to obtain a lightweight niobium alloy rod blank for cryogenic environments;
步骤5：将铌合金棒材在真空度小于2×10-2Pa的条件真空退火，退火温度为1050℃，得到深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料。Step 5: Vacuum anneal the niobium alloy rod at a vacuum degree of less than 2×10 -2 Pa. The annealing temperature is 1050°C to obtain a lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments.
本实施例制备的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料的密度为6.02g/cm3。该合金材料在室温条件下的抗拉强度为470MPa、断后伸长率为26％；在-196℃极低温度条件下抗拉强度为1025MPa、断后伸长率为13％；-150℃的冲击韧性 (aKU2)值为120J/cm2；在1000℃高温条件下抗拉强度为75MPa、断后延伸率为1260％。The density of the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments prepared in this embodiment is 6.02g/cm 3 . The tensile strength of this alloy material at room temperature is 470MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 26%; at the extremely low temperature of -196°C, the tensile strength is 1025MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 13%; impact at -150°C The toughness (aKU2) value is 120J/cm 2 ; the tensile strength under high temperature conditions of 1000°C is 75MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 1260%.
实施例5Example 5
一种深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：A method for preparing lightweight niobium alloy materials for cryogenic environments, including the following steps:
所述深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料由以下质量百分比的原料制成：Ti48％，Al10％，V7％，Mo10％，Zr5.5％，Cr6％，余量为Nb；The lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments is made of raw materials with the following mass percentages: Ti48%, Al10%, V7%, Mo10%, Zr5.5%, Cr6%, and the balance is Nb;
步骤1：各种合金元素采用纯金属元素和中间合金两种方法加入；铝和钒以铝钒中间合金方式加入，其它合金元素采用纯金属元素加入。原材料采用已有的国家标准、企业标准和美国标准。将称好的原料混合均匀压制成电极；Step 1: Various alloying elements are added in two ways: pure metal elements and master alloys; aluminum and vanadium are added in the form of aluminum-vanadium master alloys, and other alloying elements are added in the form of pure metal elements. Raw materials adopt existing national standards, enterprise standards and American standards. Mix the weighed raw materials evenly and press them into electrodes;
步骤2：将电极置于真空电子束熔炼炉中，在真空度小于5×10-2Pa的条件下进行熔炼2次，得到半成品铸锭，所述真空电子束熔炼电子束枪电流为2.4A、熔速为15mm/min；Step 2: Place the electrode in a vacuum electron beam melting furnace and melt it twice under the condition that the vacuum degree is less than 5×10 -2 Pa to obtain a semi-finished ingot. The electron beam gun current of the vacuum electron beam melting is 2.4A. , melting speed is 15mm/min;
步骤3：将步半成品铸锭置于真空自耗电弧炉中，在真空度小于5×10-2Pa 的条件下进行熔炼2次，得到轻质铌合金铸锭，所述真空自耗电弧熔炼的电流为9KA、熔炼电压为33V；Step 3: Place the semi-finished ingot in a vacuum self-consumption electric arc furnace and melt it twice under the condition that the vacuum degree is less than 5×10 -2 Pa to obtain a lightweight niobium alloy ingot. The vacuum self-consumption electric arc furnace The arc melting current is 9KA and the melting voltage is 33V;
步骤4：将轻质铌合金铸锭在挤压温度为1050℃，挤压比为5的条件下进行挤压，得到深冷环境用轻质铌合金棒坯；Step 4: Extrude the lightweight niobium alloy ingot at an extrusion temperature of 1050°C and an extrusion ratio of 5 to obtain a lightweight niobium alloy rod blank for cryogenic environments;
步骤5：将铌合金棒材在真空度小于2×10-2Pa的条件真空退火，退火温度为1050℃，得到深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料。Step 5: Vacuum anneal the niobium alloy rod at a vacuum degree of less than 2×10 -2 Pa. The annealing temperature is 1050°C to obtain a lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments.
本实施例制备的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料密度为6.05g/cm3。该合金材料在室温条件下的抗拉强度为463MPa、断后伸长率为28％；在-196℃极低温度条件下抗拉强度为1021MPa、断后伸长率为12％；-150℃的冲击韧性(aKU2) 值为119J/cm2；在1000℃高温条件下抗拉强度为73MPa、断后延伸率为139％。The density of the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments prepared in this embodiment is 6.05g/cm 3 . The tensile strength of this alloy material at room temperature is 463MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 28%; under extremely low temperature conditions of -196°C, the tensile strength is 1021MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 12%; impact at -150°C The toughness (aKU2) value is 119J/cm 2 ; the tensile strength under high temperature conditions of 1000°C is 73MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 139%.
实施例6Example 6
与实施例3不同的是，本实施例中的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料由以下质量百分比的原料制成：Ti33％，Al6％，5％，Mo6％，Zr3％，Cr3.5％，余量为 Nb；其余制备方法均与实施例1相同，制备得到深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料；Different from Embodiment 3, the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments in this embodiment is made of the following mass percentages of raw materials: Ti33%, Al6%, 5%, Mo6%, Zr3%, Cr3.5% , the remainder is Nb; the remaining preparation methods are the same as in Example 1, and a lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments is prepared;
本实施例制备的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料密度为6.02g/cm3。该合金材料在室温条件下的抗拉强度为471MPa、断后伸长率为26％；在-196℃极低温度条件下抗拉强度为1023MPa、断后伸长率为13％；-150℃的冲击韧性(aKU2) 值为123J/cm2；在1000℃高温条件下抗拉强度为70MPa～90MPa、断后延伸率为110％～155％。The density of the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments prepared in this embodiment is 6.02g/cm 3 . The tensile strength of this alloy material at room temperature is 471MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 26%; under extremely low temperature conditions of -196°C, the tensile strength is 1023MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 13%; impact at -150°C The toughness (aKU2) value is 123J/cm 2 ; the tensile strength under high temperature conditions of 1000°C is 70MPa ~ 90MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 110% ~ 155%.
实施例7Example 7
与实施例3不同的是，本实施例中的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料由以下质量百分比的原料制成：Ti33％，Al6％，5％，Mo6％，Zr3％，Cr3.5％，余量为 Nb；余量为Nb；其余制备方法均与实施例1相同，制备得到深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料；Different from Embodiment 3, the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments in this embodiment is made of the following mass percentages of raw materials: Ti33%, Al6%, 5%, Mo6%, Zr3%, Cr3.5% , the balance is Nb; the balance is Nb; the rest of the preparation methods are the same as in Example 1, and a lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments is prepared;
本实施例制备的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料密度为6.08g/cm3。该合金材料在室温条件下的抗拉强度为469MPa、断后伸长率为26％6；在-196℃极低温度条件下抗拉强度为1046MPa、断后伸长率为13％；-150℃的冲击韧性 (aKU2)值为121J/cm2；在1000℃高温条件下抗拉强度为70MPa～90MPa、断后延伸率为110％～155％。The density of the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments prepared in this example is 6.08g/cm 3 . The tensile strength of this alloy material at room temperature is 469MPa and the elongation after fracture is 26%6; under the extremely low temperature condition of -196℃, the tensile strength is 1046MPa and the elongation after fracture is 13%; at -150℃ The impact toughness (aKU2) value is 121J/cm 2 ; the tensile strength under high temperature conditions of 1000°C is 70MPa ~ 90MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 110% ~ 155%.
实施例8Example 8
与实施例3不同的是，本实施例中的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料由以下质量百分比的原料制成：Ti48％，Al10％，V7％，Re10％，Zr5.5％，Cr6％，余量为Nb；余量为Nb；其余制备方法均与实施例1相同，制备得到深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料；Different from Embodiment 3, the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments in this embodiment is made of raw materials with the following mass percentages: Ti48%, Al10%, V7%, Re10%, Zr5.5%, Cr6% , the balance is Nb; the balance is Nb; the rest of the preparation methods are the same as in Example 1, and a lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments is prepared;
本实施例制备的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料密度为5.98g/cm3。该合金材料在室温条件下的抗拉强度为4630MPa、断后伸长率为27％；在-196℃极低温度条件下抗拉强度为1033MPa、断后伸长率为12％；-150℃的冲击韧性 (aKU2)值为119J/cm2；在1000℃高温条件下抗拉强度为79MPa、断后延伸率为130％。The density of the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments prepared in this example is 5.98g/cm 3 . The tensile strength of this alloy material at room temperature is 4630MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 27%; at the extremely low temperature of -196°C, the tensile strength is 1033MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 12%; impact at -150°C The toughness (aKU2) value is 119J/cm 2 ; the tensile strength under high temperature conditions of 1000°C is 79MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 130%.
实施例9Example 9
与实施例3不同的是，本实施例中的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料由以下质量百分比的原料制成：Ti33％，Al6％，V5％，Re6％，Zr3％，Cr3.5％，余量为 Nb；余量为Nb；其余制备方法均与实施例1相同，制备得到深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料；Different from Embodiment 3, the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments in this embodiment is made of raw materials with the following mass percentages: Ti33%, Al6%, V5%, Re6%, Zr3%, Cr3.5% , the balance is Nb; the balance is Nb; the rest of the preparation methods are the same as in Example 1, and a lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments is prepared;
本实施例制备的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料密度为6.02g/cm2。该合金材料在室温条件下的抗拉强度为460MPa、断后伸长率为26％；在-196℃极低温度条件下抗拉强度为1027MPa、断后伸长率为12％；-150℃的冲击韧性(aKU2) 值为121J/cm2；在1000℃高温条件下抗拉强度为77MPa、断后延伸率为155％。The density of the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments prepared in this embodiment is 6.02g/cm2. The tensile strength of this alloy material at room temperature is 460MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 26%; at the extremely low temperature of -196°C, the tensile strength is 1027MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 12%; impact at -150°C The toughness (aKU2) value is 121J/cm 2 ; the tensile strength under high temperature conditions of 1000°C is 77MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 155%.
实施例10Example 10
与实施例3不同的是，本实施例中的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料由以下质量百分比的原料制成：Ti18％，Al2％，V3％，Re2％，Zr0.5％，Cr1％，余量为Nb；其余制备方法均与实施例1相同，制备得到深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料；Different from Embodiment 3, the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments in this embodiment is made of raw materials with the following mass percentages: Ti18%, Al2%, V3%, Re2%, Zr0.5%, Cr1% , the remainder is Nb; the remaining preparation methods are the same as in Example 1, and a lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments is prepared;
本实施例制备的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料密度为6.05g/cm3。该合金材料在室温条件下的抗拉强度为470MPa、断后伸长率为26％；在-196℃极低温度条件下抗拉强度为1035MPa、断后伸长率为12％；-150℃的冲击韧性(aKU2) 值为121J/cm2；在1000℃高温条件下抗拉强度为76MPa、断后延伸率为139％。The density of the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments prepared in this embodiment is 6.05g/cm 3 . The tensile strength of this alloy material at room temperature is 470MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 26%; under extremely low temperature conditions of -196°C, the tensile strength is 1035MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 12%; impact at -150°C The toughness (aKU2) value is 121J/cm 2 ; the tensile strength under high temperature conditions of 1000°C is 76MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 139%.
实施例11Example 11
与实施例3不同的是，本实施例中的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料由以下质量百分比的原料制成：Ti48％，Al10％，V7％，Hf10％，Zr5.5％，Cr6％，余量为Nb；其余制备方法均与实施例1相同，制备得到深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料；Different from Embodiment 3, the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments in this embodiment is made of raw materials with the following mass percentages: Ti48%, Al10%, V7%, Hf10%, Zr5.5%, Cr6% , the remainder is Nb; the remaining preparation methods are the same as in Example 1, and a lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments is prepared;
本实施例制备的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料密度为6.02g/cm3。该合金材料在室温条件下的抗拉强度为469MPa、断后伸长率为27％；在-196℃极低温度条件下抗拉强度为1035MPa、断后伸长率为12％；-150℃的冲击韧性(aKU2) 值为119J/cm2；在1000℃高温条件下抗拉强度为79MPa、断后延伸率为136％。The density of the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments prepared in this embodiment is 6.02g/cm 3 . The tensile strength of this alloy material at room temperature is 469MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 27%; under extremely low temperature conditions of -196°C, the tensile strength is 1035MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 12%; impact at -150°C The toughness (aKU2) value is 119J/cm 2 ; the tensile strength under high temperature conditions of 1000°C is 79MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 136%.
实施例12Example 12
与实施例3不同的是，本实施例中的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料由以下质量百分比的原料制成：Ti33％，Al6％，V5％，Hf6％，Zr3％，Cr3.5％，余量为 Nb；其余制备方法均与实施例1相同，制备得到深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料；Different from Embodiment 3, the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments in this embodiment is made of raw materials with the following mass percentages: Ti33%, Al6%, V5%, Hf6%, Zr3%, Cr3.5% , the remainder is Nb; the remaining preparation methods are the same as in Example 1, and a lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments is prepared;
本实施例制备的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料密度为6.02g/cm3。该合金材料在室温条件下的抗拉强度为471MPa、断后伸长率为26％；在-196℃极低温度条件下抗拉强度为1035MPa、断后伸长率为13％；-150℃的冲击韧性(aKU2) 值为123J/cm2；在1000℃高温条件下抗拉强度为70MPa～90MPa、断后延伸率为150％。The density of the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments prepared in this embodiment is 6.02g/cm 3 . The tensile strength of this alloy material at room temperature is 471MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 26%; under extremely low temperature conditions of -196°C, the tensile strength is 1035MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 13%; impact at -150°C The toughness (aKU2) value is 123J/cm 2 ; the tensile strength under high temperature conditions of 1000°C is 70MPa ~ 90MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 150%.
实施例13Example 13
与实施例3不同的是，本实施例中的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料由以下质量百分比的原料制成：Ti18％，V3％，W2％，Zr0.5％，余量为Nb；其余制备方法均与实施例1相同，制备得到深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料；Different from Embodiment 3, the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments in this embodiment is made of raw materials with the following mass percentages: Ti18%, V3%, W2%, Zr0.5%, and the balance is Nb; The remaining preparation methods are the same as in Example 1, and a lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments is prepared;
本实施例制备的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料密度为6.09g/cm3。该合金材料在室温条件下的抗拉强度为470MPa、断后伸长率为25％；在-196℃极低温度条件下抗拉强度为1005MPa、断后伸长率为11％；-150℃的冲击韧性(aKU2) 值为119J/cm2；在1000℃高温条件下抗拉强度为71MPa、断后延伸率为112％。The density of the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments prepared in this example is 6.09g/cm 3 . The tensile strength of this alloy material at room temperature is 470MPa and the elongation after fracture is 25%; at the extremely low temperature of -196°C, the tensile strength is 1005MPa and the elongation after fracture is 11%; impact at -150°C The toughness (aKU2) value is 119J/cm 2 ; the tensile strength under high temperature conditions of 1000°C is 71MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 112%.
实施例14Example 14
与实施例3不同的是，本实施例中的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料由以下质量百分比的原料制成：Ti48％，V7％，W10％，Zr5.5％，余量为Nb；其余制备方法均与实施例1相同，制备得到深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料；Different from Embodiment 3, the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments in this embodiment is made of raw materials with the following mass percentages: Ti48%, V7%, W10%, Zr5.5%, and the balance is Nb; The remaining preparation methods are the same as in Example 1, and a lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments is prepared;
本实施例制备的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料密度为6.03g/cm3。该合金材料在室温条件下的抗拉强度为465MPa、断后伸长率为27％；在-196℃极低温度条件下抗拉强度为1020MPa、断后伸长率为13％；-150℃的冲击韧性(aKU2) 值为120J/cm2；在1000℃高温条件下抗拉强度为79MPa、断后延伸率为135％。The density of the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments prepared in this embodiment is 6.03g/cm 3 . The tensile strength of this alloy material at room temperature is 465MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 27%; under extremely low temperature conditions of -196°C, the tensile strength is 1020MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 13%; impact at -150°C The toughness (aKU2) value is 120J/cm 2 ; the tensile strength under high temperature conditions of 1000°C is 79MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 135%.
实施例15Example 15
与实施例3不同的是，本实施例中的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料由以下质量百分比的原料制成：Ti48％，V7％，W10％，Zr5.5％，余量为Nb；其余制备方法均与实施例1相同，制备得到深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料；Different from Embodiment 3, the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments in this embodiment is made of raw materials with the following mass percentages: Ti48%, V7%, W10%, Zr5.5%, and the balance is Nb; The remaining preparation methods are the same as in Example 1, and a lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments is prepared;
本实施例制备的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料密度为6.03g/cm3。该合金材料在室温条件下的抗拉强度为465MPa、断后伸长率为27％；在-196℃极低温度条件下抗拉强度为1020MPa、断后伸长率为13％；-150℃的冲击韧性(aKU2) 值为120J/cm2；在1000℃高温条件下抗拉强度为79MPa、断后延伸率为135％。The density of the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments prepared in this embodiment is 6.03g/cm 3 . The tensile strength of this alloy material at room temperature is 465MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 27%; under extremely low temperature conditions of -196°C, the tensile strength is 1020MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 13%; impact at -150°C The toughness (aKU2) value is 120J/cm 2 ; the tensile strength under high temperature conditions of 1000°C is 79MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 135%.
实施例16Example 16
与实施例3不同的是，本实施例中的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料由以下质量百分比的原料制成：Ti18％，V3％，Hf2％，Zr0.5％，余量为Nb；其余制备方法均与实施例1相同，制备得到深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料；Different from Embodiment 3, the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments in this embodiment is made of raw materials with the following mass percentages: Ti18%, V3%, Hf2%, Zr0.5%, and the balance is Nb; The remaining preparation methods are the same as in Example 1, and a lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments is prepared;
本实施例制备的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料密度为6.03g/cm3。该合金材料在室温条件下的抗拉强度为471MPa、断后伸长率为27％；在-196℃极低温度条件下抗拉强度为1020MPa、断后伸长率为13％；-150℃的冲击韧性(aKU2) 值为121J/cm2；在1000℃高温条件下抗拉强度为79MPa、断后延伸率为150％。The density of the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments prepared in this embodiment is 6.03g/cm 3 . The tensile strength of this alloy material at room temperature is 471MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 27%; at the extremely low temperature of -196°C, the tensile strength is 1020MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 13%; impact at -150°C The toughness (aKU2) value is 121J/cm 2 ; the tensile strength under high temperature conditions of 1000°C is 79MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 150%.
实施例17Example 17
与实施例3不同的是，本实施例中的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料由以下质量百分比的原料制成：Ti48％，V7％，Hf10％，Zr5.5％，余量为Nb；其余制备方法均与实施例1相同，制备得到深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料；Different from Embodiment 3, the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments in this embodiment is made of raw materials with the following mass percentages: Ti48%, V7%, Hf10%, Zr5.5%, and the balance is Nb; The remaining preparation methods are the same as in Example 1, and a lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments is prepared;
本实施例制备的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料密度为6.05g/cm3。该合金材料在室温条件下的抗拉强度为469MPa、断后伸长率为27％；在-196℃极低温度条件下抗拉强度为1020MPa、断后伸长率为13％；-150℃的冲击韧性(aKU2) 值为120J/cm2；在1000℃高温条件下抗拉强度为70MPa～90MPa、断后延伸率为110％～155％。The density of the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments prepared in this embodiment is 6.05g/cm 3 . The tensile strength of this alloy material at room temperature is 469MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 27%; at the extremely low temperature of -196°C, the tensile strength is 1020MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 13%; impact at -150°C The toughness (aKU2) value is 120J/cm 2 ; the tensile strength under high temperature conditions of 1000°C is 70MPa ~ 90MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 110% ~ 155%.
实施例18Example 18
与实施例3不同的是，本实施例中的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料由以下质量百分比的原料制成：Ti33％，V5％，Hf6％，Zr3％，余量为Nb；其余制备方法均与实施例1相同，制备得到深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料；Different from Example 3, the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments in this example is made of the following mass percentages of raw materials: Ti33%, V5%, Hf6%, Zr3%, and the balance is Nb; the rest are prepared The methods are the same as those in Example 1 to prepare lightweight niobium alloy materials for cryogenic environments;
本实施例制备的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料密度为6.07g/cm3。该合金材料在室温条件下的抗拉强度为470MPa、断后伸长率为27％；在-196℃极低温度条件下抗拉强度为1015MPa、断后伸长率为15％；-150℃的冲击韧性(aKU2) 值为123J/cm2；在1000℃高温条件下抗拉强度为70MPa～90MPa、断后延伸率为155％。The density of the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments prepared in this example is 6.07g/cm 3 . The tensile strength of this alloy material at room temperature is 470MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 27%; under extremely low temperature conditions of -196°C, the tensile strength is 1015MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 15%; impact at -150°C The toughness (aKU2) value is 123J/cm 2 ; the tensile strength under high temperature conditions of 1000°C is 70MPa ~ 90MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 155%.
实施例19Example 19
与实施例3不同的是，本实施例中的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料由以下质量百分比的原料制成：Ti18％，V3％，Mo2％，Zr0.5％，余量为Nb；其余制备方法均与实施例1相同，制备得到深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料；Different from Embodiment 3, the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments in this embodiment is made of raw materials with the following mass percentages: Ti18%, V3%, Mo2%, Zr0.5%, and the balance is Nb; The remaining preparation methods are the same as in Example 1, and a lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments is prepared;
本实施例制备的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料密度为6.05g/cm3。该合金材料在室温条件下的抗拉强度为470MPa、断后伸长率为27％；在-196℃极低温度条件下抗拉强度为1035MPa、断后伸长率为11％；-150℃的冲击韧性(aKU2) 值为120J/cm2；在1000℃高温条件下抗拉强度为79MPa、断后延伸率为150％。The density of the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments prepared in this embodiment is 6.05g/cm 3 . The tensile strength of this alloy material at room temperature is 470MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 27%; under extremely low temperature conditions of -196°C, the tensile strength is 1035MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 11%; impact at -150°C The toughness (aKU2) value is 120J/cm 2 ; the tensile strength under high temperature conditions of 1000°C is 79MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 150%.
实施例20Example 20
与实施例3不同的是，本实施例中的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料由以下质量百分比的原料制成：Ti48％，V7％，Mo10％，Zr5.5％，余量为Nb；其余制备方法均与实施例1相同，制备得到深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料；Different from Embodiment 3, the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments in this embodiment is made of raw materials with the following mass percentages: Ti48%, V7%, Mo10%, Zr5.5%, and the balance is Nb; The remaining preparation methods are the same as in Example 1, and a lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments is prepared;
本实施例制备的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料密度为5.98g/cm3。该合金材料在室温条件下的抗拉强度为465MPa、断后伸长率为27％；在-196℃极低温度条件下抗拉强度为1025MPa、断后伸长率为13％；-150℃的冲击韧性(aKU2) 值为119J/cm2；在1000℃高温条件下抗拉强度为87MPa、断后延伸率为137％。The density of the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments prepared in this example is 5.98g/cm 3 . The tensile strength of this alloy material at room temperature is 465MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 27%; at the extremely low temperature of -196°C, the tensile strength is 1025MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 13%; impact at -150°C The toughness (aKU2) value is 119J/cm 2 ; the tensile strength under high temperature conditions of 1000°C is 87MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 137%.
实施例21Example 21
与实施例3不同的是，本实施例中的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料由以下质量百分比的原料制成：Ti33％，V5％，Mo6％，Zr3％，余量为Nb；其余制备方法均与实施例1相同，制备得到深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料；Different from Example 3, the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments in this example is made of the following mass percentages of raw materials: Ti33%, V5%, Mo6%, Zr3%, and the balance is Nb; the rest are prepared The methods are the same as those in Example 1 to prepare lightweight niobium alloy materials for cryogenic environments;
本实施例制备的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料密度为6.02g/cm3。该合金材料在室温条件下的抗拉强度为462MPa、断后伸长率为26％；在-196℃极低温度条件下抗拉强度为1030MPa、断后伸长率为13％；-150℃的冲击韧性(aKU2) 值为121J/cm2；在1000℃高温条件下抗拉强度为9MPa、断后延伸率为150％。The density of the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments prepared in this embodiment is 6.02g/cm 3 . The tensile strength of this alloy material at room temperature is 462MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 26%; at the extremely low temperature of -196°C, the tensile strength is 1030MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 13%; impact at -150°C The toughness (aKU2) value is 121J/cm 2 ; the tensile strength under high temperature conditions of 1000°C is 9MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 150%.
实施例22Example 22
与实施例3不同的是，本实施例中的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料由以下质量百分比的原料制成：Ti18％，Al2％，W2％，Cr1％，余量为Nb；其余制备方法均与实施例1相同，制备得到深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料；Different from Example 3, the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments in this example is made of the following mass percentages of raw materials: Ti18%, Al2%, W2%, Cr1%, and the balance is Nb; the rest are prepared The methods are the same as those in Example 1 to prepare lightweight niobium alloy materials for cryogenic environments;
本实施例制备的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料密度为6.01g/cm3；该合金材料在室温条件下的抗拉强度为470MPa、断后伸长率为26％；在-196℃极低温度条件下抗拉强度为1020MPa、断后伸长率为13％；-150℃的冲击韧性(aKU2) 值为121J/cm2；在1000℃高温条件下抗拉强度为79MP、断后延伸率为119％。The density of the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments prepared in this example is 6.01g/cm 3 ; the tensile strength of the alloy material at room temperature is 470MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 26%; it is extremely low at -196°C The tensile strength under temperature conditions is 1020MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 13%; the impact toughness (aKU2) value at -150℃ is 121J/cm 2 ; the tensile strength under high temperature conditions of 1000℃ is 79MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 119 %.
实施例23Example 23
与实施例3不同的是，本实施例中的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料由以下质量百分比的原料制成：Ti48％，Al10％，W10％，Cr6％，余量为Nb；其余制备方法均与实施例1相同，制备得到深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料；Different from Embodiment 3, the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments in this embodiment is made of raw materials with the following mass percentages: Ti48%, Al10%, W10%, Cr6%, and the balance is Nb; the rest are prepared The methods are the same as those in Example 1 to prepare lightweight niobium alloy materials for cryogenic environments;
本实施例制备的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料密度为6.02g/cm3；该合金材料在室温条件下的抗拉强度为467MPa、断后伸长率为26％；在-196℃极低温度条件下抗拉强度为1030MPa、断后伸长率为11％；-150℃的冲击韧性(aKU2) 值为122J/cm2；在1000℃高温条件下抗拉强度为70MPa～90MPa、断后延伸率为150％。The density of the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments prepared in this example is 6.02g/cm 3 ; the tensile strength of the alloy material at room temperature is 467MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 26%; it is extremely low at -196°C The tensile strength under temperature conditions is 1030MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 11%; the impact toughness (aKU2) value at -150°C is 122J/cm 2 ; the tensile strength under high temperature conditions of 1000°C is 70MPa ~ 90MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 150%.
实施例24Example 24
与实施例3不同的是，本实施例中的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料由以下质量百分比的原料制成：Ti33％，Al6％，W6％，Cr3.5％，余量为Nb；其余制备方法均与实施例1相同，制备得到深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料；Different from Embodiment 3, the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments in this embodiment is made of raw materials with the following mass percentages: Ti33%, Al6%, W6%, Cr3.5%, and the balance is Nb; The remaining preparation methods are the same as in Example 1, and a lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments is prepared;
本实施例制备的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料密度为6.07g/cm3。该合金材料在室温条件下的抗拉强度为465MPa、断后伸长率为27％；在-196℃极低温度条件下抗拉强度为1027MPa、断后伸长率为13％；-150℃的冲击韧性(aKU2) 值为122J/cm2；在1000℃高温条件下抗拉强度为79MPa、断后延伸率为149％。The density of the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments prepared in this example is 6.07g/cm 3 . The tensile strength of this alloy material at room temperature is 465MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 27%; at the extremely low temperature of -196°C, the tensile strength is 1027MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 13%; impact at -150°C The toughness (aKU2) value is 122J/cm 2 ; the tensile strength under high temperature conditions of 1000°C is 79MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 149%.
实施例25Example 25
与实施例3不同的是，本实施例中的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料由以下质量百分比的原料制成：Ti18％，Al2％，Mo2％，Cr1％，余量为Nb；其余制备方法均与实施例1相同，制备得到深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料；Different from Example 3, the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments in this example is made of the following mass percentages of raw materials: Ti18%, Al2%, Mo2%, Cr1%, and the balance is Nb; the rest are prepared The methods are the same as those in Example 1 to prepare lightweight niobium alloy materials for cryogenic environments;
本实施例制备的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料密度为6.02g/cm3；该合金材料在室温条件下的抗拉强度为459MPa、断后伸长率为27％；在-196℃极低温度条件下抗拉强度为1037MPa、断后伸长率为12％；-150℃的冲击韧性(aKU2) 值为120J/cm2；在1000℃高温条件下抗拉强度为70MPa～90MPa、断后延伸率为137％。The density of the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments prepared in this example is 6.02g/cm 3 ; the tensile strength of the alloy material at room temperature is 459MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 27%; it is extremely low at -196°C The tensile strength under temperature conditions is 1037MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 12%; the impact toughness (aKU2) value at -150°C is 120J/cm 2 ; the tensile strength under high temperature conditions of 1000°C is 70MPa ~ 90MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 12%. is 137%.
实施例26Example 26
与实施例3不同的是，本实施例中的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料由以下质量百分比的原料制成：Ti48％，Al10％，Mo10％，Cr6％，余量为Nb；其余制备方法均与实施例1相同，制备得到深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料；Different from Example 3, the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments in this example is made of raw materials with the following mass percentages: Ti48%, Al10%, Mo10%, Cr6%, and the balance is Nb; the rest are prepared The methods are the same as those in Example 1 to prepare lightweight niobium alloy materials for cryogenic environments;
本实施例制备的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料密度为6.07g/cm3。该合金材料在室温条件下的抗拉强度为450MPa～475MPa、断后伸长率为25％～29％；在-196℃极低温度条件下抗拉强度为1039MPa、断后伸长率为12％；-150℃的冲击韧性(aKU2)值为120J/cm2；在1000℃高温条件下抗拉强度为89MPa、断后延伸率为150％。The density of the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments prepared in this example is 6.07g/cm 3 . The tensile strength of this alloy material at room temperature is 450MPa ~ 475MPa, and the elongation after break is 25% ~ 29%; under extremely low temperature conditions of -196°C, the tensile strength is 1039MPa, and the elongation after break is 12%; The impact toughness (aKU2) value at -150°C is 120J/cm 2 ; the tensile strength under high temperature conditions of 1000°C is 89MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 150%.
实施例27Example 27
与实施例3不同的是，本实施例中的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料由以下质量百分比的原料制成：Ti33％，Al6％，Mo6％，Cr3.5％，余量为Nb；其余制备方法均与实施例1相同，制备得到深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料；Different from Embodiment 3, the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments in this embodiment is made of raw materials with the following mass percentages: Ti33%, Al6%, Mo6%, Cr3.5%, and the balance is Nb; The remaining preparation methods are the same as in Example 1, and a lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments is prepared;
本实施例制备的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料密度为5.99g/cm3。该合金材料在室温条件下的抗拉强度为457MPa、断后伸长率为25％；在-196℃极低温度条件下抗拉强度为1035MPa、断后伸长率为12％；-150℃的冲击韧性(aKU2) 值为121J/cm2；在1000℃高温条件下抗拉强度为77MPa、断后延伸率为119％。The density of the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments prepared in this embodiment is 5.99g/cm 3 . The tensile strength of this alloy material at room temperature is 457MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 25%; under extremely low temperature conditions of -196°C, the tensile strength is 1035MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 12%; impact at -150°C The toughness (aKU2) value is 121J/cm 2 ; the tensile strength under high temperature conditions of 1000°C is 77MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 119%.
实施例28Example 28
与实施例3不同的是，本实施例中的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料由以下质量百分比的原料制成：Ti18％，Al2％，Re2％，Cr1％，余量为Nb；其余制备方法均与实施例1相同，制备得到深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料；Different from Example 3, the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments in this example is made of raw materials with the following mass percentages: Ti18%, Al2%, Re2%, Cr1%, and the balance is Nb; the rest are prepared The methods are the same as those in Example 1 to prepare lightweight niobium alloy materials for cryogenic environments;
本实施例制备的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料密度为6.01g/cm3。该合金材料在室温条件下的抗拉强度为450MPa～475MPa、断后伸长率为25％～29％；在-196℃极低温度条件下抗拉强度为1036MPa、断后伸长率为12％；-150℃的冲击韧性(aKU2)值为120J/cm2；在1000℃高温条件下抗拉强度为87MPa、断后延伸率为135％。The density of the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments prepared in this embodiment is 6.01g/cm 3 . The tensile strength of this alloy material at room temperature is 450MPa ~ 475MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 25% ~ 29%; under extremely low temperature conditions of -196°C, the tensile strength is 1036MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 12%; The impact toughness (aKU2) value at -150°C is 120J/cm 2 ; the tensile strength under high temperature conditions of 1000°C is 87MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 135%.
实施例29Example 29
与实施例3不同的是，本实施例中的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料由以下质量百分比的原料制成：Ti48％，Al10％，Re10％，Cr6％，余量为Nb；其余制备方法均与实施例1相同，制备得到深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料；Different from Example 3, the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments in this example is made of raw materials with the following mass percentages: Ti48%, Al10%, Re10%, Cr6%, and the balance is Nb; the rest are prepared The methods are the same as those in Example 1 to prepare lightweight niobium alloy materials for cryogenic environments;
本实施例制备的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料密度为5.99g/cm3。该合金材料在室温条件下的抗拉强度为462MPa、断后伸长率为25％；在-196℃极低温度条件下抗拉强度为1009MPa、断后伸长率为11％；-150℃的冲击韧性(aKU2) 值为119J/cm2；在1000℃高温条件下抗拉强度为79MPa、断后延伸率为117％。The density of the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments prepared in this embodiment is 5.99g/cm 3 . The tensile strength of this alloy material at room temperature is 462MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 25%; at the extremely low temperature of -196°C, the tensile strength is 1009MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 11%; impact at -150°C The toughness (aKU2) value is 119J/cm 2 ; the tensile strength under high temperature conditions of 1000°C is 79MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 117%.
实施例30Example 30
与实施例3不同的是，本实施例中的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料由以下质量百分比的原料制成：Ti33％，Al6％，Re6％，Cr3％，余量为Nb；其余制备方法均与实施例1相同，制备得到深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料；Different from Example 3, the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments in this example is made of raw materials with the following mass percentages: Ti33%, Al6%, Re6%, Cr3%, and the balance is Nb; the rest are prepared The methods are the same as those in Example 1 to prepare lightweight niobium alloy materials for cryogenic environments;
本实施例制备的深冷环境用轻质铌合金材料密度为6.03g/cm3。该合金材料在室温条件下的抗拉强度为462MPa、断后伸长率为27％；在-196℃极低温度条件下抗拉强度为1025MPa、断后伸长率为13％；-150℃的冲击韧性(aKU2) 值为120J/cm2；在1000℃高温条件下抗拉强度为79MPa、断后延伸率为137％。The density of the lightweight niobium alloy material for cryogenic environments prepared in this embodiment is 6.03g/cm 3 . The tensile strength of this alloy material at room temperature is 462MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 27%; under extremely low temperature conditions of -196°C, the tensile strength is 1025MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 13%; impact at -150°C The toughness (aKU2) value is 120J/cm 2 ; the tensile strength under high temperature conditions of 1000°C is 79MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 137%.
由以上实施例的实验结果可以看出，本发明制备的深冷环境用轻质合金材料在零下196℃仍具有高强度、高韧性和优异的塑性等出色的性能；同时该合金密度低、在1000℃高温仍具有良好的力学性能和超塑性；该合金可广泛用于深空探索、南极和北极探索等领域。It can be seen from the experimental results of the above examples that the lightweight alloy material for cryogenic environments prepared by the present invention still has excellent properties such as high strength, high toughness and excellent plasticity at minus 196°C; at the same time, the alloy has low density and is It still has good mechanical properties and superplasticity at a high temperature of 1000°C; the alloy can be widely used in deep space exploration, Antarctic and Arctic exploration and other fields.
以上内容仅为说明本发明的技术思想，不能以此限定本发明的保护范围，凡是按照本发明提出的技术思想，在技术方案基础上所做的任何改动，均落入本发明权利要求书的保护范围之内。The above contents are only for illustrating the technical ideas of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any changes made based on the technical ideas proposed by the present invention and based on the technical solutions shall fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention. within the scope of protection.
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