CN115286859B - Preparation method of high-damping high-wear-resistance vibration-isolation support friction material - Google Patents
Preparation method of high-damping high-wear-resistance vibration-isolation support friction material Download PDFInfo
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- CN115286859B CN115286859B CN202211047608.0A CN202211047608A CN115286859B CN 115286859 B CN115286859 B CN 115286859B CN 202211047608 A CN202211047608 A CN 202211047608A CN 115286859 B CN115286859 B CN 115286859B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/06—Polyethene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L75/00—Compositions of polyureas or polyurethanes; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L75/04—Polyurethanes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2248—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/38—Boron-containing compounds
- C08K2003/382—Boron-containing compounds and nitrogen
- C08K2003/385—Binary compounds of nitrogen with boron
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/08—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing additives to improve the compatibility between two polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2207/00—Properties characterising the ingredient of the composition
- C08L2207/06—Properties of polyethylene
- C08L2207/068—Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/86—Optimisation of rolling resistance, e.g. weight reduction
Abstract
The invention provides a high damping high wear-resistant vibration isolation bearing friction material, and belongs to the field of traffic construction and vibration isolation materials. The invention takes ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene and thermoplastic polyurethane alloy as a matrix, adopts compatibilizer, damping filler and lubricating filler as functional components, and is obtained through melt blending, extrusion granulation and hot-press sintering molding. The invention adopts high-elasticity thermoplastic polyurethane and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene as a matrix, combines a small amount of compatibilizer to construct binary polymer alloy with good compatibility, and greatly improves the damping performance of a composite system and realizes the remarkable improvement of the normal vibration isolation energy consumption capacity of friction by the synergistic combination of lamellar damping filler and lubricating filler on the basis of keeping the mechanical strength and flexibility of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene; the vibration isolation support friction material with high damping, high flexibility and excellent friction and wear performance is prepared through the component design of the composite material and the optimization of the forming process, and compared with the traditional rubber material, the vibration isolation support friction material has obvious progress.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a vibration isolation bearing friction material, in particular to a high damping high wear-resistant vibration isolation bearing friction material and a preparation method thereof, which are mainly used for vibration isolation bearing friction sliding plates of railway bridges, highway bridges and high-rise buildings, and belong to the fields of traffic buildings and vibration isolation materials.
Background
The earthquake disasters have great damage to the bridge and the high-rise building structure, and the flexibility of the structure is often required to be improved by adopting the shock insulation support to improve the earthquake resistance, and the form of the shock insulation support comprises a laminated rubber support, a sliding shock insulation support, a friction pendulum shock insulation support, a composite shock insulation support and the like. The shock insulation support which is most widely applied and mature in technology at present adopts rubber as a main functional material, and can be roughly divided into a common rubber shock insulation support, a lead rubber support and a high damping rubber support. However, the rubber support has obvious defects, firstly, rubber has combustibility and is easy to deform under heating; secondly, the rubber has poor durability, and is easy to damage and destroy under long-period high-low temperature alternation, air oxidation and humidity and salinity change; in addition, the mechanical property and the friction and wear property are insufficient, and the composite material is often required to be compounded with a lead plate and a lead core to improve the bearing capacity, and the friction and wear property is far lower than that of thermoplastic engineering plastics such as polytetrafluoroethylene, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene and the like. Therefore, a novel vibration isolation support friction material with a thermoplastic polymer as a matrix needs to be developed to replace the traditional rubber material, and on the basis of keeping high damping and high flexibility, the mechanical property and the friction and wear property of the novel vibration isolation support friction material are improved through component compounding and molding process design.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of poor weather resistance, poor friction and wear performance and insufficient bearing capacity of a rubber vibration isolation support in the prior art, and provides a vibration isolation support friction material with high damping and excellent friction and wear performance and a preparation method thereof.
1. Preparation of friction material for shock-insulating support
The vibration isolation bearing friction material is prepared by taking ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene and thermoplastic polyurethane alloy as a matrix and adopting a compatibilizer, damping filler and lubricating filler as functional components through melt blending, extrusion granulation and hot-press sintering molding. The specific preparation process comprises the following steps: melting and blending ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, thermoplastic polyurethane, compatibilizer, damping filler and lubricating filler in a double-screw extruder, mechanically shearing and granulating, uniformly spreading the master batch after the blending and granulating in a steel mould, and placing in a press vulcanizer to be molded by compression molding sintering; cooling to below 80 ℃, and demoulding to obtain the vibration isolation bearing friction material.
The ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene has a molecular weight of (3-9) x 10 6 g/mol, density of 0.92-0.95 g/cm 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Quality of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene in shock insulation support friction materialThe weight fraction is 45-65%.
The mass flow rate of the thermoplastic polyurethane melt is 20-45 g/10min, and the density is 1.05-1.25 g/cm 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The mass fraction of the thermoplastic polyurethane in the friction material of the shock insulation support is 30-50%.
The compatibilizer is maleic anhydride grafted low-density polyethylene, and the mass flow rate of the melt is 1-4 g/10mi; the mass fraction of the compatibilizer in the friction material of the shock insulation support is 0.1-0.5%.
The damping filler is one or more of graphite, mica and boron nitride, has a lamellar structure and has a particle size of 5-100 mu m; the mass fraction of the damping filler in the friction material of the shock insulation support is 0.5-5.5%.
The lubricating filler is one or more of silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, copper oxide and zinc oxide, and the particle size is 20-80 nm; the mass fraction of the lubricating filler in the friction material of the shock insulation support is 1-3%.
The melt blending temperature is 200-230 ℃, and the screw rotating speed is 20-100 rpm.
The rotation speed of the mechanical shearing rotary blade is 2000-5000 rpm, and the granulating size is 1-4 mm.
The die pressing sintering pressure is 6-15 MPa, and the pressure fluctuation is 0.1-0.5%; the sintering temperature is 200-230 ℃ and the sintering time is 60-120 min. The steel mould is provided with an oil loop groove, and the mould pressing sintering is heated by high-temperature oil circulation.
2. Performance of friction material for shock-insulating support
1. Friction performance
And matching the obtained vibration isolation support friction material with mirror stainless steel, wherein silicone grease is not coated between the two plates, pre-pressing the friction material under 30MPa positive stress for 1 h, and then carrying out a dynamic friction coefficient correlation test under a 100-ton compression shear tester. The test temperature is 23+/-1 ℃, the displacement is 50 mm, the sliding speeds are 5, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 350, 450, 550, 650, 750, 850, 950, 1100 mm/s, 3 parallel tests are carried out at each sliding speed, and the ratio of the horizontal force to the positive stress in the last circle of sliding is taken as the sliding friction coefficient. Other test conditions and results are shown in Table 1. Test results show that the average dynamic friction coefficient of the prepared material at different sliding speeds is 0.02-0.04, and the friction coefficient fluctuates by 3-8%.
2. Mechanical property test
The finally obtained sample is processed into a dumbbell type with the specified national standard size by mechanical property test on a universal testing machine, the tensile strength and elongation at break test piece is 80mm multiplied by 10mm multiplied by 4mm, and various performance indexes of the sliding material are tested and measured in the test are shown in table 1. As can be seen from Table 1, the vibration isolation bearing friction material prepared by the invention has higher damping performance, frictional wear performance and good friction coefficient stability.
In summary, the invention uses the high-elasticity thermoplastic polyurethane and the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene as the matrix, combines a small amount of compatibilizer to construct the binary polymer alloy with good compatibility, and greatly improves the damping performance of the composite system and realizes the remarkable improvement of the friction normal shock insulation energy consumption capability on the basis of basically keeping the mechanical strength and the flexibility of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene through the synergistic compounding of lamellar damping filler and lubricating filler; in the sintering forming process, the uniformity of the large-size friction material is improved by replacing air heating through an oil heating loop, and the high-speed rubber vibration isolation material is applied to a bridge or high-rise building support, has higher vibration isolation capability and excellent friction and wear performance, effectively improves the stability of the friction coefficient along with the sliding speed, and can effectively prolong the service life of the support compared with the traditional rubber vibration isolation material.
Detailed Description
The preparation and performance of the friction material for the shock-insulating support are further described below by means of specific examples.
Example 1
(1) Melt blending and extrusion granulating of the friction material of the shock insulation support: 2750. 2750 g ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (molecular weight 6×10 6 g/mol, density 0.92 g/cm 3 ) 2000 g thermoplastic polyurethane (melt mass flow rate 25 g/10min, density 1.10 g/cm 3 ) 25 g maleic anhydride grafted Low Density polyethylene (melt)Mass flow rate 3 g/10 min), 75 g graphite (particle size 50 μm) and 150 g silica (particle size 20 nm), were melt blended by a twin screw extruder at a temperature of 210℃and a screw speed of 25rpm, and then pelletized into a masterbatch of size 4mm at a screw speed of 2500 rpm.
(2) Oil thermal sintering molding of the vibration isolation support friction material: and (3) taking 593.5. 593.5 g, uniformly spreading the mixed master batch in a mould, and sintering and forming by a vulcanizing press. The sintering temperature is 210 ℃, the pressure is 6MPa, and the sintering time is 60min. The pressure fluctuation during sintering was 30kPa. Naturally cooling to 70 ℃, and demoulding to obtain the vibration isolation bearing friction material with the diameter of 300mm and the thickness of 8 mm.
(3) Performance of the shock insulation support friction material: the dynamic friction coefficient of the prepared friction material for the shock insulation support is 0.03, and the fluctuation is 3.5%; the abrasion rate was 7 μm/km. The tensile strength after sampling was 30MPa, and the elongation at break was 400%; the average damping factor (-35-50 ℃) is 0.35.
Example 2
(1) Melt blending and extrusion granulating of the friction material of the shock insulation support: 2500 g ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (molecular weight 6X 10 6 g/mol, density 0.92 g/cm 3 ) Thermoplastic polyurethane 2100 g (melt Mass flow Rate 35 g/10min, density 1.10 g/cm 3 ) 5 g maleic anhydride grafted low density polyethylene (melt mass flow rate 5 g/10 min), 245 g graphite (particle size 50 μm) and 150 g silica (particle size 20 nm), melt blending by a twin screw extruder at 220℃and screw speed 40rpm, and granulating into master batch with size 3mm at screw speed 4000 rpm.
(2) Oil thermal sintering molding of the vibration isolation support friction material: and (5) uniformly spreading the 621.7 g mixed master batch in a mould, and sintering and forming by a vulcanizing press. The sintering temperature is 220 ℃, the pressure is 10MPa, and the sintering time is 60min. The pressure fluctuation during sintering was 10kPa. Naturally cooling to 70 ℃, and demoulding to obtain the vibration isolation bearing friction material with the diameter of 300mm and the thickness of 8 mm.
(3) Performance of the shock insulation support friction material: the dynamic friction coefficient of the prepared friction material for the shock insulation support is 0.035, and the fluctuation is 5%; the abrasion rate was 10 μm/km. The tensile strength measured after sampling was 32MPa, and the elongation at break was 420%; the average damping factor (-35-50 ℃) is 0.40.
Example 3
(1) Melt blending and extrusion granulating of the friction material of the shock insulation support: 3000 g ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (molecular weight 9X 10 6 g/mol, density 0.95 g/cm 3 ) 1750 g thermoplastic polyurethane (melt mass flow rate 45 g/10min, density 1..05 g/cm) 3 ) 15 g maleic anhydride-grafted low-density polyethylene (melt mass flow rate 8 g/10 min), 135 g mica (particle size 70 μm) and 100 g alumina (particle size 75 nm) were melt-blended by a twin-screw extruder at a temperature of 225℃and a screw speed of 20rpm, and then pelletized into master batches of 2mm in size at a screw speed of 5000 rpm.
(2) Oil thermal sintering molding of the vibration isolation support friction material: and (3) uniformly spreading the mixed master batch 650.0 and g in a mould, and sintering and forming by a flat vulcanizing machine. The sintering temperature is 225 ℃, the pressure is 15MPa, and the sintering time is 100min. The pressure fluctuation during sintering was 15kPa. Naturally cooling to 70 ℃, and demoulding to obtain the vibration isolation bearing friction material with the diameter of 300mm and the thickness of 8 mm.
(3) Performance of the shock insulation support friction material: the dynamic friction coefficient of the prepared friction material for the shock insulation support is 0.04, and the fluctuation is 8%; the abrasion rate was 12 μm/km. The tensile strength measured after sampling was 27MPa, and the elongation at break was 380%; the average damping factor (-35-50 ℃) is 0.25.
Example 4
(1) Melt blending and extrusion granulating of the friction material of the shock insulation support: 2250 g ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (molecular weight 6X 10 6 g/mol, density 0.92 g/cm 3 ) 2500 g thermoplastic polyurethane (melt mass flow rate 25 g/10min, density 1.10 g/cm 3 ) 25 g maleic anhydride grafted low density polyethylene (melt mass flow rate 3 g/10 min), 175 g boron nitride (particle size 100 μm) and 150 g copper oxide (particle size 50 nm), melt blending by twin screw extruder at 230℃and screw speed 25rpm, and then producing at 5000rpmThe granules were master batches of 2mm in size.
(2) Oil thermal sintering molding of the vibration isolation support friction material: and (5) uniformly spreading the 621.7 g mixed master batch in a mould, and sintering and forming by a vulcanizing press. The sintering temperature is 230 ℃, the pressure is 12MPa, and the sintering time is 60min. The pressure fluctuation during sintering was 15kPa. Naturally cooling to 70 ℃, and demoulding to obtain the vibration isolation bearing friction material with the diameter of 300mm and the thickness of 8 mm.
(3) Performance of the shock insulation support friction material: the dynamic friction coefficient of the prepared friction material for the shock insulation support is 0.04, and the fluctuation is 5%; the abrasion rate was 18 μm/km. The tensile strength measured after sampling was 30MPa, and the elongation at break was 480%; the average damping factor (-35-50 ℃) is 0.50.
Claims (4)
1. The preparation method of the high damping high wear-resisting shock-insulating support friction material comprises the steps of melting and blending ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene, thermoplastic polyurethane, compatibilizer, damping filler and lubricating filler in a double-screw extruder, mechanically shearing and granulating, uniformly spreading the master batch after the blending and granulating in a steel mould, and placing in a flat vulcanizing machine for compression molding and sintering; cooling to below 80 ℃, and demoulding to obtain the vibration isolation bearing friction material; the mass percentages of the raw material components are as follows: 45-65% of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, 30-50% of thermoplastic polyurethane, 0.1-0.5% of compatibilizer, 0.5-5.5% of damping filler and 1-3% of lubricating filler;
the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene has a molecular weight of (3-9) x 10 6 g/mol, density of 0.92-0.95 g/cm 3 ；
The mass flow rate of the thermoplastic polyurethane melt is 20-45 g/10min, and the density is 1.05-1.25 g/cm 3 ；
The compatibilizer is maleic anhydride grafted low-density polyethylene, and the mass flow rate of the melt is 1-4 g/10mi;
the damping filler is at least one of graphite, mica and boron nitride with lamellar structures, and the particle size is 5-100 mu m;
the lubricating filler is at least one of silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, copper oxide and zinc oxide, and the particle size is 20-80 nm;
the die pressing sintering pressure is 6-15 MPa, and the pressure fluctuation is 0.1-0.5%; the sintering temperature is 200-230 ℃ and the sintering time is 60-120 min.
2. The method for preparing the high-damping high-wear-resistance vibration-isolating support friction material as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the melt blending temperature is 200-230 ℃, and the screw rotating speed is 20-100 rpm.
3. The method for preparing the high-damping high-wear-resistance vibration-isolating support friction material as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the rotation speed of the mechanical shearing rotary blade is 2000-5000 rpm, and the granulating size is 1-4 mm.
4. The method for preparing the high-damping high-wear-resistance vibration-isolating support friction material as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the steel mould is provided with an oil loop groove, and the mould pressing sintering adopts auxiliary heating through high-temperature oil circulation.
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