CN115286418A - Ultra-light ceramsite prepared by sulfuric acid method lithium leaching slag-fly ash combined digestion, and method and application thereof - Google Patents

Ultra-light ceramsite prepared by sulfuric acid method lithium leaching slag-fly ash combined digestion, and method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN115286418A
CN115286418A CN202210962961.5A CN202210962961A CN115286418A CN 115286418 A CN115286418 A CN 115286418A CN 202210962961 A CN202210962961 A CN 202210962961A CN 115286418 A CN115286418 A CN 115286418A
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sulfuric acid
leaching slag
fly ash
ceramsite
slag
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张国范
李长斌
石晴
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Central South University
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Central South University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
    • C04B38/009—Porous or hollow ceramic granular materials, e.g. microballoons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/02—Agglomerated materials, e.g. artificial aggregates
    • C04B18/027—Lightweight materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B33/00—Clay-wares
    • C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
    • C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B33/00—Clay-wares
    • C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
    • C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
    • C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
    • C04B33/135—Combustion residues, e.g. fly ash, incineration waste
    • C04B33/1352—Fuel ashes, e.g. fly ash
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B33/00—Clay-wares
    • C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
    • C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
    • C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
    • C04B33/138—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues from metallurgical processes, e.g. slag, furnace dust, galvanic waste
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
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    • C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
    • C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
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    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
    • C04B2235/74—Physical characteristics
    • C04B2235/77—Density
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
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Abstract

The invention belongs to solid waste treatment, and particularly relates to a method for preparing ultra-light ceramsite by sulfuric acid process lithium leaching slag-coal ash combined digestion, which comprises the steps of granulating raw materials containing sulfuric acid process lithium leaching slag, coal ash and feldspar to prepare pellets, and roasting the pellets to obtain the ultra-light ceramsite; in the raw materials, the content of feldspar is 5-15 wt%, and the balance is sulfuric acid process lithium leaching slag and fly ash, wherein the weight ratio of the sulfuric acid process lithium leaching slag to the fly ash is 1-3. The invention innovatively combines the sulfuric acid method lithium leaching slag, the fly ash and the feldspar, further combines the combined control of the components, can realize the cooperation, can solve the problem of preparing the ultralight ceramsite by the sulfuric acid method lithium leaching slag, and can prepare the ultralight ceramsite which meets the volume weight and strength requirements of the ultralight ceramsite and has no calcium sulfate residue.

Description

Ultra-light ceramsite prepared by sulfuric acid method lithium leaching slag-fly ash combined digestion, and method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of solid waste treatment, and particularly relates to the technical field of sulfuric acid process lithium leaching slag-fly ash digestion.
Background
The ultra-light ceramsite is 300-500kg/m in density 3 The light ceramsite is an excellent light aggregate due to lower density and higher strength, is mainly applied to the fields of building bottom seepage-proofing damp-proof heat-insulating cushion layers, roof heat-insulating cushion layers, floor surface waterproof sound-insulating cushion layers and the like, and has excellent performances of light weight, good heat-insulating property, sound insulation, noise reduction, frost resistance, durability and the like.
In recent years, more and more ceramsite is prepared by taking solid waste as a raw material, in particular to ceramsite prepared by taking red mud, sludge, steel slag, fly ash and the like as main raw materials. The research on preparing the ceramsite by the solid waste mainly focuses on the influence of different factors on the preparation process and the performance of the ceramsite, and the problems that the utilization rate of the solid waste is not high, the density of the prepared ceramsite is high and the like still exist at present. From the relevant literature, the application of the fly ash in the ceramsite is more, however, no research on preparing the ceramsite by using the sulfuric acid method lithium leaching slag is found yet, the main reason is that the CaSO content in the sulfuric acid method lithium leaching slag is more 4 ·nH 2 O, which affects the foaming performance and strength of the prepared ceramsite, not only reduces the proportion of silicon and aluminum in the raw materials, but also is difficult to decompose and remove, affects the performance of the prepared ceramsite, and is difficult to take into account the density and the strength simultaneously.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to fill the blank of preparing the ultralight ceramsite by sulfuric acid method lithium leaching slag and solve the problem of preparing the ultralight ceramsite caused by the composition characteristics of the sulfuric acid method lithium leaching slag, the invention provides a method for preparing the ultralight ceramsite by sulfuric acid method lithium leaching slag-fly ash combined absorption, aiming at filling the blank of preparing the ultralight ceramsite by sulfuric acid method lithium leaching slag and preparing the ultralight ceramsite which has high strength, low volume weight and no calcium sulfate residue.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide the ultra-light ceramsite prepared by the preparation method.
The third purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the ultra-light ceramsite prepared by the preparation method in the aspect of concrete.
Compared with the conventional light ceramsite, the ultra-light ceramsite has higher requirements on volume weight, however, the low volume weight and the high strength have certain contradiction, and the high strength and the low volume weight are difficult to be considered at the same time. Aiming at the preparation requirement of the ultralight ceramsite, no method for preparing the ultralight ceramsite by soaking the lithium slag through the sulfuric acid process is adopted in the industry, and based on the research of the inventor, the main reason is that the characteristics of calcium sulfate and other components in the lithium slag through the sulfuric acid process can greatly influence the foaming activity, the framework network construction and the volume weight and strength of the framework network, and in addition, the calcium sulfate residue is easy to exist, and the subsequent use of the framework network is influenced. In addition, the increase of the consumption content of the solid wastes also greatly affects the performance of the product. Aiming at the technical problem faced by the technical blank, the invention provides the following improvement scheme:
a method for preparing ultralight ceramsite by sulfuric acid process lithium leaching slag-coal ash combined digestion is characterized in that raw materials containing sulfuric acid process lithium leaching slag, coal ash and feldspar are granulated to prepare pellets, and then the pellets are roasted to obtain the ultralight ceramsite;
in the raw materials, the content of feldspar is 5-15 wt%, and the balance is sulfuric acid process lithium leaching slag and fly ash, wherein the weight ratio of the sulfuric acid process lithium leaching slag to the fly ash is 1-3.
In order to solve the problem of the process of preparing the ultralight ceramsite from the lithium-leaching slag by the sulfuric acid method, the invention innovatively combines the lithium-leaching slag by the sulfuric acid method, the fly ash and the feldspar, and further cooperates with the combined control of the components, so that the synergy can be realized, the problem of preparing the ultralight ceramsite from the lithium-leaching slag by the sulfuric acid method can be solved, and the ultralight ceramsite which meets the volume weight and strength requirements of the ultralight ceramsite and has no calcium sulfate residue can be prepared. Moreover, the total consumption rate of the slag (the total amount of the lithium sulfate process slag and the fly ash) reaches more than 85 percent and can reach 95 percent at most, and the solid waste consumption treatment capacity is obviously excellent at the prior level.
In the invention, the sulfuric acid method lithium leaching slag contains CaSO 4 ·nH 2 And (4) leaching lithium slag by a sulfuric acid extraction method of O. In the invention, the content of calcium sulfate in the lithium sulfate process leaching slag is not particularly required, but can be CaSO in consideration of technical effect and process value maximization 4 ·nH 2 The lithium slag is leached by a sulfuric acid method with high calcium sulfate content and 15.0-26.0wt.% of O content.
In the invention, the sulfuric acid method lithium leaching slag can be spodumene sulfuric acid method lithium leaching slag.
In the invention, the lithium-leaching slag by the sulfuric acid process comprises CaSO with the content 4 ·nH 2 And O, the following components in percentage by mass are allowed to be contained: siO 2 2 48-55% of Al 2 O 3 19-24% of Fe 2 O 3 0.5-2.0% of MgO, 0.1-1.5% of Na 2 O is 0.1-0.5%, K 2 O is 0.1-0.6%. The slag may also contain minor constituents. Preferably, in the lithium extraction slag by the sulfuric acid method: by mass percent, siO 2 50 to 52 percent of Al 2 O 3 20 to 22 percent of Fe 2 O 3 1 to 2 percent of CaSO 4 ·nH 2 20 to 24 percent of O, 1 to 1.4 percent of MgO and Na 2 0.3 to 0.5 percent of O and K 2 O is 0.2 to 0.4 percent.
In the invention, the chemical properties of the fly ash are as follows: by mass percent, siO 2 51-57% of Al 2 O 3 18-24% of Fe 2 O 3 6.0 to 10.0 percent, 4.0 to 6.0 percent of C, 1.0 to 4.0 percent of CaO, 1.0 to 4.0 percent of MgO and Na 2 O is 0.1-0.5%, K 2 O is 2.5-5.5%. Preferably, the main component content is as follows: siO 2 2 52 to 55 percent of Al 2 O 3 20 to 22% of Fe 2 O 3 7 to 8 percent of carbon, 5 to 5.5 percent of carbon, 2 to 3 percent of CaO, 2 to 3 percent of MgO and Na 2 0.3 to 0.5 percent of O and K 2 O is 3 to 5 percent.
In the invention, in the raw materials, the feldspar is at least one of albite and potassium feldspar;
preferably, the particle size of the feldspar is less than 100 meshes, and the purity is more than 90%.
In the invention, the combined control of the components and the proportion of the sulfuric acid method lithium leaching slag, the fly ash and the feldspar is the key for synergistically solving the problem that the ultra-light ceramsite is difficult to prepare by using the sulfuric acid method lithium leaching slag.
As a preferenceIn the raw materials, the weight ratio of the sulfuric acid method lithium leaching slag to the fly ash is 1-2. Researches show that under the preferable proportion, the slag is beneficial to realizing high-proportion consumption of slag, and not only can the slag be combined and cooperated, but also pore canal can be constructed, and CaAl can be induced 2 Si 2 O 8 The phase is beneficial to preparing the ultra-light ceramsite with low volume weight and high strength.
Preferably, the feldspar content in the raw materials is 5-10 wt.%.
In the invention, the pellet preparation can be carried out based on the conventional pelletizing process. For example, pellets are produced by controlling the particle size of the raw material, adding water to granulate, and then drying.
Preferably, the particle size of the raw material is controlled to be less than or equal to 100 meshes;
preferably, the water accounts for 20-30% of the weight of the raw materials;
preferably, the pellets have a diameter size of 10-20mm.
In the invention, the pellet is roasted to prepare the light pellet.
The roasting process comprises a first-stage roasting process and a second-stage roasting process, wherein the temperature of the first-stage roasting process is 450-600 ℃, and preferably 500-600 ℃;
the temperature of the second stage roasting is 1150-1250 ℃, and preferably 1200-1250 ℃.
In the invention, the first stage roasting time is 10-30 minutes;
preferably, the second stage firing time is 10 to 30 minutes.
The preferred preparation method of the invention comprises the following steps:
s1, screening the sulfuric acid method lithium leaching slag and the fly ash through a 100-mesh screen, grinding oversize residues to be below 100 meshes by using a grinding machine, and uniformly mixing undersize products for later use; then mixing and blending the sulfuric acid method lithium leaching slag, the fly ash and the albite powder according to the mass percentage, and uniformly stirring; in the raw materials, the content of feldspar is 5-10 wt.%, and the balance is sulfuric acid process lithium leaching slag and fly ash, wherein the weight ratio of the sulfuric acid process lithium leaching slag to the fly ash is 1-2.
S2, adding the mixture into a disc pelletizer, uniformly spraying water into a ball disc when the rotating speed is stable, wherein the added water accounts for 20-30% of the raw material amount, and spherical particles with the diameter of 5-20mm are generated;
s3, drying the spherical particles, and then transferring the spherical particles into a muffle furnace;
s4, heating the muffle furnace to 450-600 ℃, and preserving heat for 10-30 minutes; then raising the temperature to 1150-1250 ℃, and preserving the heat for 10-30 minutes; and finally, cooling the mixture to normal temperature in a furnace along with the furnace to obtain the finished product of the ultralight ceramsite.
The invention also provides the ultralight ceramsite prepared by the preparation method.
In the invention, due to the special preparation process, the prepared product can be endowed with special microstructure and property characteristics, and the product has excellent strength, light weight and low calcium sulfate residual performance.
The invention also provides the ultra-light ceramsite;
preferably, the ultra-light ceramsite has the bulk density of 300-500kg/m 3 The water absorption rate is less than 6% in 1 hour, and the cylinder pressure strength is 1.0-4.1MPa;
preferably, the particle size is 5 to 25mm;
preferably spherical or ellipsoidal.
The invention also provides application of the ultra-light ceramsite, and the ultra-light ceramsite is used as aggregate for preparing concrete.
According to the method, the lithium-leaching slag, the fly ash and the albite powder are subjected to combined digestion treatment by a sulfuric acid method, so that the synergy is realized, the complementary advantages of the slag are realized, the pelletizing and foaming of the slag and the control of a pore structure are facilitated, in addition, the construction of a special phase structure is facilitated, and the strength of a pore wall structure is improved, so that the excellent volume weight and high strength are both considered, and moreover, the solid waste digestion capacity of the method can reach 95%, and the method has an excellent solid waste treatment capacity. The ultralight ceramsite prepared from the lithium-leached residues by the sulfuric acid process, the fly ash and the albite powder is harmless and high in utilization rate, and the lithium-leached residues and the fly ash by the solid waste sulfuric acid process are utilized, so that the damage and pollution to the environment are reduced, and the ultralight ceramsite also has good social and economic benefits.
Has the advantages that:
1. the invention fills the blank of preparing the light ceramsite by sulfuric acid process lithium leaching slag, and further realizes the cooperation by the combined control of the sulfuric acid process lithium leaching slag, the coal ash, the feldspar and the proportion, can synergistically solve the preparation difficulty caused by calcium sulfate, can improve the volume weight and the pore distribution, and can form an anorthite-doped mineral phase (CaAl) 2 Si 2 O 8 ) (as shown in figure 1), the material with both ultra-light volume weight and excellent strength can be obtained, and not only can the compactness of a surface vitrified layer be improved, the water absorption of the ceramsite be reduced, and the residue of calcium sulfate can be avoided.
2. The invention provides a brand-new method for dissolving and recycling the lithium-leached slag by the sulfuric acid process, the dissolving effect of the slag can reach 95%, and the solid waste dissolving treatment of the lithium-leached slag and the fly ash by the sulfuric acid process can be effectively realized.
3. According to the invention, the ultra-light ceramsite is prepared by using the sulfuric acid method lithium leaching slag and the fly ash solid waste component combined ingredients, so that the environmental problems and potential safety hazards that the sulfuric acid method lithium leaching slag and the fly ash pile up occupy land resources, pollute surrounding underground water and the like are solved.
4. The sulfuric acid method lithium leaching slag-coal ash ultra-light ceramsite and the preparation method thereof meet the requirement of circular economy advocated by the current society, and the cost of enterprises can be reduced and certain economic and social benefits can be brought by using solid waste resources as main raw materials.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is the phase diffraction analysis chart of the ultra-light ceramsite obtained by roasting in example 1.
Detailed Description
The invention discloses a preparation method of ultra-light ceramsite by using the raw materials, which comprises the following steps,
s1, screening the sulfuric acid method lithium leaching slag and the fly ash through a 100-mesh screen, grinding oversize residues to be below 100 meshes by using a grinding machine, and uniformly mixing undersize products for later use; then mixing and blending the sulfuric acid method lithium leaching slag, the fly ash and the albite powder according to the mass percentage, and uniformly stirring;
s2, adding the mixture into a disc pelletizer, uniformly spraying water into a ball disc when the rotating speed is stable, wherein the added water accounts for 20-30% of the raw material amount, and spherical particles with the diameter of 5-20mm are generated;
s3, drying the spherical particles in an oven at 105 ℃, and then transferring the spherical particles into a muffle furnace;
s4, heating the muffle furnace to 450-600 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, and preserving the heat for 10-30 minutes; then raising the temperature to 1150-1250 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, and preserving the temperature for 10-30 minutes; and finally, cooling the mixture to normal temperature in a furnace along with the furnace to obtain the finished product of the ultralight ceramsite.
The finished product of the ultra-light ceramsite prepared by the method is spherical or ellipsoidal, has the particle size of 5-25mm, pores in the inner part and the bulk density of 300-500kg/m 3 The water absorption rate is less than 6 percent in 1 hour, and the cylinder pressure strength is 1.0-4.1MPa.
The foregoing will be described in further detail by way of the following examples in order to provide a further understanding of the invention, its features and utility.
Example 1
The components and the characteristics of the lithium extraction slag and the fly ash by the sulfuric acid method are as follows:
in the following cases, the lithium slag extracted by the sulfuric acid method (referred to as lithium slag for short) is characterized in that: by mass percent, siO 2 50.3% of Al 2 O 3 21.2% of Fe 2 O 3 1.7% of CaSO 4 ·nH 2 21.8% of O, 1.2% of MgO and Na 2 O is 0.5%, K 2 O is 0.3%, and the total content of other trace components is 3.0%.
The adopted fly ash is characterized in that: by mass percent, siO 2 54.3% of Al 2 O 3 21.3% of Fe 2 O 3 7.8%, C content 5.2%, caO 2.6%, mgO 2.5%, na 2 O is 0.4%, K 2 O is 4.2%, and the total content of other trace components is 1.7%.
A preparation method of sulfuric acid method lithium leaching slag-fly ash ultralight ceramsite comprises the following steps:
s1, screening the sulfuric acid method lithium leaching slag and the fly ash through a 100-mesh screen, grinding oversize residues to be below 100 meshes by using a grinding machine, and uniformly mixing undersize products for later use; mixing 45% of sulfuric acid method lithium leaching slag, 45% of fly ash and 10% of albite powder according to the mass percentage, and uniformly stirring;
s2, adding the mixture into a disc pelletizer, uniformly spraying water into a ball disc when the rotating speed is stable, wherein the added water accounts for 25% of the raw material amount, and spherical particles with the diameter of 5-20mm are generated;
s3, drying the spherical particles in an oven at 105 ℃, and then transferring the spherical particles into a muffle furnace;
s4, heating the muffle furnace to 500 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, and preserving the heat for 20 minutes; then heating to 1200 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, and preserving the heat for 20 minutes; and finally, cooling the mixture to normal temperature in a furnace along with the furnace to obtain the finished product of the ultralight ceramsite. XRD is shown in figure 1, and special CaAl is obtained 2 Si 2 O 8 Phase, in addition, no calcium sulfate phase remained.
The ultra-light ceramsite prepared by the steps has the bulk density of 420kg/m 3 The water absorption rate is 4.0 percent for 1 hour, and the cylinder pressure strength is 2.3MPa.
Example 2
Compared with the example 1, the difference is only that the component proportion of the S1 is changed, and the specific groups are as follows:
(A) The method comprises the following steps 30 percent of lithium slag, 60 percent of fly ash and 10 percent of albite powder are mixed and proportioned by adopting a sulfuric acid method.
(B) The method comprises the following steps The mixture of 60 percent of lithium slag, 30 percent of fly ash and 10 percent of albite powder is soaked by a sulfuric acid method.
The test results are:
(A) The method comprises the following steps Bulk density 460kg/m 3 The water absorption rate is 3.6 percent in 1 hour, and the cylinder pressure strength is 2.8MPa.
(B) The method comprises the following steps Bulk density 410kg/m 3 1h water absorption of 4.5 percent and cylinder pressure strength of 2.0MPa.
Through XRD determination, special CaAl is obtained 2 Si 2 O 8 In addition, no calcium sulfate phase remained.
Example 3
A preparation method of sulfuric acid method lithium leaching slag-fly ash ultralight ceramsite comprises the following steps:
s1, screening lithium-leached slag (same as example 1) and fly ash (same as example 1) through a 100-mesh screen by a sulfuric acid method, grinding residues on the screen to be below 100 meshes by a mill, and uniformly mixing products under the screen for later use; mixing 42.5% of lithium-leached slag by a sulfuric acid method, 42.5% of fly ash and 15% of albite powder according to mass percentage, and uniformly stirring;
s2, adding the mixture into a disc pelletizer, uniformly spraying water into a ball disc when the rotating speed is stable, wherein the added water accounts for 20% of the raw material amount, and spherical particles with the diameter of 5-20mm are generated;
s3, drying the spherical particles in an oven at 105 ℃, and then transferring the spherical particles into a muffle furnace;
s4, heating the muffle furnace to 450 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, and preserving the temperature for 10 minutes; then raising the temperature to 1150 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, and preserving the temperature for 10 minutes; and finally, cooling the mixture to normal temperature in a furnace along with the furnace to obtain the finished product of the ultralight ceramsite.
The stacking density of the ultra-light ceramsite prepared by the steps is 475kg/m 3 The water absorption rate is 4.5% after 1 hour, and the cylinder pressure strength is 2.4MPa.
Through XRD determination, special CaAl is obtained 2 Si 2 O 8 In addition, no calcium sulfate phase remained.
Example 4
A preparation method of sulfuric acid method lithium leaching slag-fly ash ultralight ceramsite comprises the following steps:
s1, screening lithium-leached slag (same as in example 1) and fly ash (same as in example 1) through a 100-mesh screen by a sulfuric acid method, grinding oversize residues to be below 100 meshes by a mill, and uniformly mixing undersize products for later use; mixing 47.5 percent of lithium-leached slag by a sulfuric acid method, 47.5 percent of fly ash and 5 percent of albite powder according to mass percentage, and uniformly stirring;
s2, adding the mixture into a disc pelletizer, uniformly spraying water into a ball disc when the rotating speed is stable, wherein the added water accounts for 30% of the raw material amount, and spherical particles with the diameter of 5-20mm are generated;
s3, drying the spherical particles in an oven at 105 ℃, and then transferring the spherical particles into a muffle furnace;
s4, heating the muffle furnace to 600 ℃ at a speed of 10 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 30 minutes; then heating to 1250 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 30 minutes; and finally, cooling the mixture to normal temperature in a furnace along with the furnace to obtain the finished product of the ultralight ceramsite.
The bulk density of the ultra-light ceramsite prepared by the steps is 405kg/m 3 The water absorption rate is 4.6% for 1h, and the cylinder pressure strength is 1.9MPa.
Through XRD determination, special CaAl is obtained 2 Si 2 O 8 In addition, no calcium sulfate phase remained.
Comparative example 1
Compared with the embodiment 1, the difference is only that the component proportion of S1 is regulated and controlled, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, screening the lithium-leached residues and the fly ash through a 100-mesh screen by a sulfuric acid method, grinding the residues on the screen to be below 100 meshes by a grinding machine, and uniformly mixing the residues with undersize products for later use; mixing and blending 70% of sulfuric acid method lithium leaching slag, 20% of fly ash and 10% of albite powder according to mass percentage, and uniformly stirring;
s2, adding the mixture into a disc pelletizer, uniformly spraying water into a ball disc when the rotating speed is stable, wherein the added water accounts for 25% of the raw material amount, and spherical particles with the diameter of 5-20mm are generated;
s3, drying the spherical particles in an oven at 105 ℃, and then transferring the spherical particles into a muffle furnace;
s4, heating the muffle furnace to 500 ℃ at a speed of 10 ℃/min, and preserving the heat for 20 minutes; then heating to 1200 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, and preserving the heat for 20 minutes; and finally, cooling the mixture to the normal temperature in the furnace along with the furnace to obtain a ceramsite finished product.
The bulk density of the ultra-light ceramsite prepared by the steps is 365kg/m 3 The water absorption rate is 6.2 percent after 1 hour, and the cylinder pressure strength is 0.9MPa. The prepared material cannot meet the requirements of strength and volume weight of the ultra-light ceramsite, and XRD shows that calcium sulfate residues exist.
Comparative example 2
Compared with the embodiment 1, the difference is only that the component proportion of S1 is regulated and controlled, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, screening the lithium-leached residues and the fly ash through a 100-mesh screen by a sulfuric acid method, grinding the residues on the screen to be below 100 meshes by a grinding machine, and uniformly mixing the residues with undersize products for later use; mixing and stirring 20% of lithium-leached slag by a sulfuric acid method, 70% of fly ash and 10% of albite powder uniformly according to the mass percentage;
s2, adding the mixture into a disc pelletizer, uniformly spraying water into a ball disc when the rotating speed is stable, wherein the added water accounts for 25% of the raw material amount, and spherical particles with the diameter of 5-20mm are generated;
s3, drying the spherical particles in an oven at 105 ℃, and then transferring the spherical particles into a muffle furnace;
s4, heating the muffle furnace to 500 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, and preserving the heat for 20 minutes; then heating to 1200 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, and preserving the heat for 20 minutes; and finally, cooling the ceramic grains to normal temperature in the furnace along with the furnace to obtain a ceramic grain finished product.
The ultra-light ceramsite prepared by the steps has the bulk density of 605kg/m 3 The water absorption rate is 3.2% after 1 hour, and the cylinder pressure strength is 2.1MPa. The prepared material can not meet the requirements of the strength and the volume weight of the ultra-light ceramsite.
Comparative example 3
Compared with example 1, the difference is only that kaolin is used to replace the fly ash, and the steps are as follows:
s1, screening the lithium-leached residues and the fly ash through a 100-mesh screen by a sulfuric acid method, grinding the residues on the screen to be below 100 meshes by a grinding machine, and uniformly mixing the residues with undersize products for later use; mixing 45% of lithium-leached slag by a sulfuric acid method, 45% of kaolin and 10% of albite powder according to mass percentage, and uniformly stirring;
s2, adding the mixture into a disc pelletizer, uniformly spraying water into a ball disc when the rotating speed is stable, wherein the added water accounts for 25% of the raw material amount, and spherical particles with the diameter of 5-20mm are generated;
s3, drying the spherical particles in an oven at 105 ℃, and then transferring the spherical particles into a muffle furnace;
s4, heating the muffle furnace to 500 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, and preserving the heat for 20 minutes; then heating to 1200 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, and preserving the heat for 20 minutes; and finally, cooling the mixture to the normal temperature in the furnace along with the furnace to obtain a ceramsite finished product.
The bulk density of the ultra-light ceramsite prepared by the steps is 680kg/m 3 1h water absorption of 4.6 percent and cylinder pressure strength of 2.2MPa. The prepared material cannot be compatible with ultra-light ceramicsParticle strength and volume weight requirements, and in addition, XRD showed that calcium sulfate residue was present.
Comparative example 4
Compared with example 1, the difference is only that kaolin with similar properties to the lithium sulfate process slag is used for replacing the lithium sulfate process slag, and the steps are as follows:
s1, screening the lithium-leached residues and the fly ash through a 100-mesh screen by a sulfuric acid method, grinding the residues on the screen to be below 100 meshes by a grinding machine, and uniformly mixing the residues with undersize products for later use; mixing 45% of fly ash, 45% of kaolin and 10% of albite powder according to mass percentage, and uniformly stirring;
s2, adding the mixture into a disc pelletizer, uniformly spraying water into a ball disc when the rotating speed is stable, wherein the added water accounts for 25% of the raw material amount, and spherical particles with the diameter of 5-20mm are generated;
s3, drying the spherical particles in an oven at 105 ℃, and then transferring the spherical particles into a muffle furnace;
s4, heating the muffle furnace to 500 ℃ at a speed of 10 ℃/min, and preserving the heat for 20 minutes; then heating to 1200 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, and preserving the heat for 20 minutes; and finally, cooling the mixture to the normal temperature in the furnace along with the furnace to obtain a ceramsite finished product.
The stacking density of the ultra-light ceramsite prepared by the steps is 845kg/m 3 1h water absorption of 5.1 percent and cylinder pressure strength of 2.7MPa. The prepared material can not meet the requirements of the strength and the volume weight of the ultra-light ceramsite.

Claims (10)

1. A method for preparing ultra-light ceramsite by sulfuric acid process lithium leaching slag-fly ash combined digestion is characterized in that raw materials comprising sulfuric acid process lithium leaching slag, fly ash and feldspar are granulated to prepare pellets, and then the pellets are roasted to obtain the ultra-light ceramsite;
in the raw materials, the content of feldspar is 5-15 wt%, and the balance is sulfuric acid process lithium leaching slag and fly ash, wherein the weight ratio of the sulfuric acid process lithium leaching slag to the fly ash is 1-3.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the sample is a sample containing CaSO 4 ·nH 2 O sulfuric acid extraction method for leaching lithium slag and CaSO thereof 4 ·nH 2 The O content is preferably 15.0-26.0wt.%;
preferably, the sulfuric acid method lithium leaching slag is spodumene sulfuric acid method lithium leaching slag.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein in the sulfuric acid process lithium leaching slag, siO is calculated by mass percentage 2 48-55% of Al 2 O 3 19-24% of Fe 2 O 3 0.5-2.0% of MgO, 0.1-1.5% of Na 2 O is 0.1-0.5%, K 2 O is 0.1-0.6%.
4. The method for preparing the ultralight ceramsite from the spodumene sulfuric acid process lithium leaching slag as recited in claim 1, wherein the chemical properties of the fly ash are as follows: by mass percent, siO 2 51-57% of Al 2 O 3 18-24% of Fe 2 O 3 6.0 to 10.0 percent of the total weight of the magnesium alloy, 4.0 to 6.0 percent of the content of C, 1.0 to 4.0 percent of CaO, 1.0 to 4.0 percent of MgO, and Na 2 O is 0.1-0.5%, K 2 O is 2.5-5.5%.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein in the raw materials, the feldspar is at least one of albite and potash feldspar;
preferably, the particle size of the feldspar is less than 100 meshes, and the purity is more than 90%.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the particle size of the feedstock is controlled to be less than or equal to 100 mesh;
preferably, water is added into the raw materials, and the mixture is granulated and dried to prepare pellets;
preferably, the water accounts for 20-30% of the weight of the raw materials;
preferably, the pellets have a diameter size of 5-20mm.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the firing process comprises a first stage firing process and a second stage firing process, wherein the temperature of the first stage firing process is 450-600 ℃;
the temperature of the second stage roasting is 1150-1250 ℃.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the first stage firing time is 10 to 30 minutes;
preferably, the second stage firing time is 10 to 30 minutes.
9. An ultra-light ceramsite produced by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8;
preferably, the bulk density is 300-500kg/m 3 The water absorption rate is less than 6% in 1 hour, and the cylinder pressure strength is 1.0-4.1MPa;
preferably, the particle size is 5 to 25mm;
preferably, spherical or ellipsoidal.
10. Use of the ultra-light ceramsite of claim 9, as an aggregate for the preparation of concrete.
CN202210962961.5A 2022-08-11 2022-08-11 Ultra-light ceramsite prepared by sulfuric acid method lithium leaching slag-fly ash combined digestion, and method and application thereof Pending CN115286418A (en)

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