CN115285317A

CN115285317A - Offshore wind turbine-foundation integrated installation vessel and installation method

Info

Publication number: CN115285317A
Application number: CN202211004323.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李春宝; 张正远; 陈鑫; 刘冠超
Original assignee: Wuhan University of Technology WUT
Current assignee: Wuhan University of Technology WUT
Priority date: 2022-08-22
Filing date: 2022-08-22
Publication date: 2022-11-04

Abstract

The invention relates to an offshore wind turbine-foundation integrated installation ship.A ship body is of a bow catamaran structure, a left sheet body and a right sheet body are respectively positioned at the left end and the right end of a stern, and a gap is formed between the left sheet body and the right sheet body and can be used for a vertically arranged wind turbine complete machine to pass through; the fan tower column structure also comprises a truss structure stretching between the left sheet body and the right sheet body, wherein a U-shaped platform is arranged at the top of the truss structure, the opening direction of the U-shaped platform is consistent with the direction of a gap between the left sheet body and the right sheet body, and the U-shaped platform can accommodate a fan tower column; a plurality of clamping devices are arranged on the U-shaped platform and used for fixing the tower column of the fan; a plurality of groups of hoisting devices are arranged below the U-shaped platform; the deck of the left sheet body and the deck of the right sheet body are both provided with tracks arranged along the ship length direction, and the tracks are provided with sliding plates for placing the whole fan. The invention has simple structure and low cost; only the whole fan needs to be hoisted and loaded, and the operation time is short; the whole installation process of the whole fan can be independently completed; when ships are loaded at the wharf, the whole machine is installed, offshore butt joint assembly is not needed, and energy consumption is low.

Description

Offshore wind turbine-foundation integrated installation vessel and installation method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of offshore wind turbine installation, and particularly relates to an offshore wind turbine-foundation integrated installation vessel and an installation method.

Background

The global demand for renewable energy is now growing year after year, with wind power generation becoming a fierce heat. The ocean has abundant wind power resources, the offshore wind power industry develops rapidly in recent years, and more attention is paid to a fan installation vessel. The main hull structures related to the installation of the fan on the existing fan installation ship comprise a deck, a water ballast tank, a liftable pile leg, a large crane and positioning butt joint equipment. The deck is used for transporting and stacking the fans; the ballast water tank enables the ship body to keep stable when the fan is mounted and dismounted by adjusting the ballast water amount; the liftable pile leg is descended to the seabed during construction, so that stable positioning of installation operation is realized; the large crane is used for hoisting the fan; the positioning and butting equipment is used for ensuring accurate butting of all parts of the fan during assembly.

At present, the general steps of the offshore wind turbine installation operation are that firstly a self-propelled modular transport vehicle is utilized to transport wind turbine parts to a wharf for loading, then a flat deck barge is selected to load the wind turbine parts or a wind turbine foundation is selected to be towed to a construction site, and finally the offshore wind turbine installation operation is carried out. The existing mature offshore wind turbine installation method comprises the traditional sectional hoisting and the traditional whole machine hoisting.

The traditional segmented hoisting method is disclosed in patent documents with publication number CN201110332591.9 and name of "an offshore wind turbine installation platform and hoisting device thereof", which discloses a cabin hoisting and butt joint method for offshore wind turbine installation by using a floating ship, and solves the problem of reliable butt joint of a cabin and a tower drum by using a chain block and a positioning device. However, the hoisting process has more parts and large assembling workload at sea, so the engineering consumes much energy and time.

A conventional overall unit hoisting method is disclosed in patent document with publication number CN201711184853.5 entitled "hydraulic inclined-pushing type offshore wind turbine installation system", which is a hydraulic inclined-pushing type offshore wind turbine installation system, and a wind turbine overall unit except for a gravity type wind turbine foundation is installed by using a rotating device, a hydraulic system and a manipulator. Compared with the traditional sectional hoisting, the offshore assembly workload is reduced, but the offshore assembly still consumes longer time due to the fact that the parts except the gravity type fan foundation are large and the requirement on butt joint precision is high.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide an offshore wind turbine-foundation integrated installation vessel and an installation method aiming at the defects in the prior art, wherein the whole wind turbine is assembled in a port in advance, and then the installation vessel is arranged at a designated machine position after being transported to a wind power plant, so that the seawater positioning installation process is reduced.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

an offshore wind turbine-foundation integrated installation ship is used for offshore installation of a gravity type foundation wind turbine, and a ship body of the offshore wind turbine-foundation integrated installation ship is of a bow catamaran structure and comprises a stern, a left sheet body and a right sheet body, wherein the left sheet body and the right sheet body are respectively positioned at the left end and the right end of the stern, and a gap is formed between the left sheet body and the right sheet body and can be used for a vertically arranged wind turbine complete machine to pass through; the offshore wind turbine-foundation integrated installation vessel further comprises a truss structure stretching between the left sheet body and the right sheet body, a U-shaped platform is arranged at the top of the truss structure, the opening direction of the U-shaped platform is consistent with the direction of a gap between the left sheet body and the right sheet body, and a wind turbine tower column can be accommodated; the U-shaped platform is provided with a plurality of clamping devices for fixing the tower column of the fan; a plurality of groups of hoisting devices are arranged below the U-shaped platform, and the hoisting devices hoist the whole fan through hoisting points on the fan; the deck of left side lamellar body and right lamellar body all installs the track of arranging along the captain direction, install the sliding plate on the track for place the fan complete machine.

In the above solution, the offshore wind turbine-foundation integrated installation vessel further includes a plurality of liftable legs mounted on the hull.

In the scheme, the plurality of clamping devices are symmetrically arranged along the U-shaped platform from left to right, and one of the clamping devices is positioned in the ship; each clamp includes a retractable clamping bar for directly contacting the fan tower and securing the fan.

In the scheme, the clamping devices which are symmetrically arranged left and right can rotate in the horizontal direction, and the central axis of each clamping device is parallel to the longitudinal section of the ship body in the initial state, so that the alignment process of the U-shaped platform opening and the fan tower column is prevented from being interfered; after alignment is completed, the clamping device is rotated in the ship direction to enable the clamping rod to be aligned with the fan tower column.

In the above scheme, each group of hoisting devices comprises a winch fixedly installed below the U-shaped platform, a steel cable is led out downwards from the winch, and a lifting hook is connected below the steel cable.

In the scheme, the metal support is welded on the tower column of the fan near the gravity center of the whole fan to serve as a hanging point, and the hanging point is matched with the lifting hook.

In the scheme, the gap between the left sheet body and the right sheet body is trapezoidal, and the caliber of the ship from the bow to the stern is gradually reduced.

In the scheme, the truss structure is arranged at the head of the ship body, and the sliding plate is initially positioned below the truss structure and close to one side of the tail of the ship, so that the whole hoisting process of the fan is not interfered.

In the scheme, the truss structures and the U-shaped platforms are symmetrically arranged along the longitudinal section of the ship body.

Correspondingly, the invention also provides an installation method of the offshore wind turbine-foundation integrated installation vessel, which comprises the following steps:

s1, finishing the assembly of a whole fan at a wharf, welding a metal bracket serving as a lifting point on a tower column near the gravity center position of the whole fan, and then placing the whole fan at a specified position of a specified offshore water area;

s2, the offshore wind turbine-foundation integrated installation ship sails to a wind turbine position, the trapezoidal notch of the bow is aligned with the whole wind turbine, the gravity type wind turbine foundation continues to move forwards after being completely covered by the trapezoidal notch until a wind turbine tower column is located in an opening of the U-shaped platform, pile legs are put down, and a ship body is lifted;

s3, controlling a clamping rod of the clamping device to extend out to clamp a tower column of the fan, simultaneously lowering steel cables of all the hoisting devices, enabling a lifting hook to hook a hoisting point on the fan, and then hoisting the whole fan until the gravity type fan foundation is higher than a deck;

s4, controlling the sliding plate to move to the direction of the bow to be just below the gravity type fan foundation of the fan, slowly putting down the whole fan, and after the bottom surface of the gravity type fan foundation of the fan is completely attached to the surface of the sliding plate, tightly twisting the steel cable and further clamping a clamping rod in the clamping device so as to completely fix the fan on a ship body, and completing the shipment of the fan;

and S5, after the offshore fan-foundation integrated installation ship reaches a designated installation sea area, putting down the pile legs to lift the ship body, and completing the unloading of the fan when other work flows are opposite to those in the loading process.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the invention has simple structure, no need of positioning and butting equipment and the like, short shipbuilding time and low cost; the invention only needs to hoist and load the whole fan, and the operation time is short.

2. The invention can independently complete the whole installation process of the whole fan, and avoids the energy consumption of other ships such as an auxiliary installation ship, a piling ship and the like; when ships are loaded in the wharf, the lifting mode is more labor-saving than that of a traditional crane; the whole machine is installed, offshore butt joint assembly is not needed, and energy consumption is low.

3. For installing a single fan, the process of transporting the fan foundation is not needed, and the transportation cost can be further reduced; the fan transported by the invention is assembled at the wharf, so that the influence of weather on the installation operation is reduced, and the installation cost is reduced.

Drawings

The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:

FIG. 1 is an overall block diagram of an offshore wind turbine-based integrated installation vessel of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a truss structure of the offshore wind turbine-foundation integrated installation vessel shown in FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is a structural view of an installation object gravity type base fan of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the present invention when a ship is installed to load a fan.

In the figure: 100. an offshore wind turbine-foundation integrated installation vessel; 10. a hull; 11. a stern; 12. a left sheet body; 13. a right sheet body; 14. building an upper layer; 20. a truss structure; 21. a U-shaped platform; 22. a clamping device; 221. a clamping bar; 23. a steel cord; 24. a hook; 30. a sliding plate; 40. pile legs;

200. a fan complete machine; 201. a gravity type fan foundation; 202. a tower column; 203. a generator set; 204. a wind wheel; 205. and (6) hoisting points.

Detailed Description

For a more clear understanding of the technical features, objects and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, an offshore wind turbine-foundation integrated installation vessel 100 provided in an embodiment of the present invention is used for offshore installation of a gravity type foundation wind turbine, and a hull 10 of the vessel is a catamaran structure and includes a stern 11, a left sheet 12, and a right sheet 13, where the left sheet 12 and the right sheet 13 are respectively located at left and right ends of the stern 11, and a gap is formed between the left sheet 12 and the right sheet 13, through which a vertically arranged wind turbine complete machine 200 can pass, so as to facilitate loading and unloading of the wind turbine. The offshore wind turbine-foundation integrated installation vessel 100 further comprises a truss structure 20 stretching between the left sheet body 12 and the right sheet body 13, a U-shaped platform 21 is arranged at the top of the truss structure 20, the opening direction of the U-shaped platform 21 is consistent with the gap direction between the left sheet body 13 and the right sheet body 13, and a wind turbine tower column 202 can be accommodated. A plurality of clamping devices 22 are arranged on the upper surface of the U-shaped platform 21 and used for fixing the fan tower column 202; four groups of hoisting devices are arranged on the lower surface of the U-shaped platform 21 in a central symmetry manner, and the hoisting devices hoist the whole fan 200 through hoisting points 205 on the fan. The deck of the left sheet body 12 and the deck of the right sheet body 13 are both provided with rails (not shown) arranged along the ship length direction, and the rails are provided with sliding plates 30 for placing the whole fan 200. The sliding plate 30 is movable along the rail. Four corners of the hull 10 are respectively provided with a lifting spud leg 40.

Further preferably, the truss structure 20 and the U-shaped platform 21 are symmetrically arranged along a longitudinal section in the hull 10.

Further preferably, a plurality of clamping devices 22 are symmetrically arranged left and right along the U-shaped platform 21, wherein one clamping device 22 is positioned in the ship; in this embodiment, one clamping device 22 is disposed at each of the left, right, and middle portions. Each clamp 22 comprises a telescopic clamp rod 221 for directly contacting the fan tower 202 and securing the fan, limiting its displacement in a plane parallel to the deck, facilitating subsequent stable lifting of the fan.

Further optimization, the clamping devices 22 which are symmetrically arranged left and right can rotate in the horizontal direction, and in an initial state, the central axis of each clamping device 22 is parallel to the longitudinal section of the ship body, so that the alignment process of the opening of the U-shaped platform 21 and the tower column 202 of the fan is avoided being interfered; after alignment is complete, the clamp 22 is rotated in the midship direction to align the clamp rod 221 with the fan tower 202.

Preferably, each set of hoisting devices comprises a winch (not shown) fixedly installed below the U-shaped platform 21, a steel cable 23 is led out of the winch downwards, and a lifting hook 24 is connected below the steel cable 23.

Further optimized, the gravity type basic wind turbine, as shown in fig. 3, sequentially comprises a gravity type wind turbine foundation 201, a tower column 202, a generator set 203 and a wind wheel 204 from bottom to top, and is assembled at a port before loading so as to facilitate transportation of the whole wind turbine. A metal bracket is welded on the wind turbine tower column 202 near the gravity center of the wind turbine whole machine 200 to serve as a hanging point 205, and the hanging point 205 is matched with the lifting hook 24.

Further preferably, the gap between the left sheet body 12 and the right sheet body 13 is trapezoidal, and the caliber of the gap is gradually reduced from the bow to the stern 11. The fan is lifted at the trapezoidal notch, is similar to the fan lifted inside the ship body, and is compared with the fan lifted outside the ship body, so that the balance state of the ship is not easily damaged. The notch is designed to be trapezoidal, so that the cross sectional area of the joint of each sheet body of the catamaran bow and the stern can be increased, the inertia moment of the joint is improved, and the effect of reinforcement is achieved.

Further preferably, the truss structure 20 is arranged at the head part of the ship body 10, and the sliding plate 30 is initially positioned below the truss structure 20 and close to the ship tail 11 side, so that the whole hoisting process of the fan is not interfered.

Further optimized, the stern 11 is provided with a superstructure 14.

Accordingly, the present invention also provides a method of installing the above-described integrated offshore wind turbine-foundation installation vessel 100, comprising the steps of:

s1, assembling the whole fan machine 200 at a wharf, welding a metal bracket serving as a lifting point 205 on a tower column 202 near the gravity center position of the whole fan machine 200, and then placing the whole fan machine 200 at a specified position of a specified offshore water area;

s2, the offshore wind turbine-foundation integrated installation ship 100 sails to a wind turbine position, a trapezoidal notch of a bow is aligned with the whole wind turbine 200, the gravity type wind turbine foundation 201 continues to move forwards after being completely covered by the trapezoidal notch until the wind turbine tower column 202 is located in an opening of the U-shaped platform 21, and the pile legs 40 are put down and the ship body 10 is lifted to enable the ship to be stable and fixed in place;

s3, controlling the clamping rod 221 of the clamping device 22 to extend out to clamp the tower column 202 of the fan, simultaneously lowering the steel cables 23 of all the hoisting devices, enabling the lifting hook 24 to hook the hoisting point 205 on the fan, and then hoisting the whole fan 200 until the gravity type fan foundation 201 is higher than a deck by a certain distance;

s4, controlling the sliding plate 30 to move to the direction of the bow to be right below the fan gravity type fan foundation 201, slowly putting down the fan whole machine 200, and after the bottom surface of the fan gravity type fan foundation 201 is completely attached to the surface of the sliding plate 30, tightly twisting the steel cable 23 and further clamping the clamping rod 221 in the clamping device 22 so as to completely fix the fan on the ship body 10, so that the fan is completely mounted on the ship body; see also fig. 4;

s5, after the offshore wind turbine-foundation integrated installation vessel 100 reaches the designated installation sea area, the pile legs 40 are put down to lift the hull 10, and other work flows are opposite to those in the process of loading, and the wind turbine unloading is completed.

While the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, which are illustrative and not restrictive, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. The offshore wind turbine-foundation integrated installation vessel is characterized in that the offshore wind turbine-foundation integrated installation vessel is used for offshore installation of a gravity type foundation wind turbine, a hull of the offshore wind turbine-foundation integrated installation vessel is of a bow twin-hull structure and comprises a stern, a left sheet body and a right sheet body, the left sheet body and the right sheet body are respectively located at the left end and the right end of the stern, and a gap is formed between the left sheet body and the right sheet body and can be used for a vertically arranged wind turbine to pass through; the offshore wind turbine-foundation integrated installation vessel further comprises a truss structure stretching between the left sheet body and the right sheet body, a U-shaped platform is arranged at the top of the truss structure, the opening direction of the U-shaped platform is consistent with the direction of a gap between the left sheet body and the right sheet body, and a wind turbine tower column can be accommodated; the U-shaped platform is provided with a plurality of clamping devices for fixing the tower column of the fan; a plurality of groups of hoisting devices are arranged below the U-shaped platform, and the hoisting devices hoist the whole fan through hoisting points on the fan; the deck of the left sheet body and the deck of the right sheet body are both provided with tracks arranged along the ship length direction, and the tracks are provided with sliding plates for placing the whole fan.

2. Offshore wind turbine-foundation installation vessel according to claim 1, further comprising a number of liftable legs mounted on the hull.

3. Offshore wind turbine-foundation integration installation vessel according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of clamping devices are arranged side-to-side symmetrically along the U-shaped platform, one of the clamping devices being located in the vessel; each clamp includes a retractable clamping bar for directly contacting the fan tower and securing the fan.

4. Offshore wind turbine-foundation integration installation vessel according to claim 3, wherein the clamping devices arranged in a left-right symmetry are rotatable in a horizontal direction, and in an initial state, the central axis of the clamping devices is parallel to a longitudinal section in the hull, avoiding interference with the alignment of the U-shaped platform opening with the wind turbine tower; after alignment is completed, the clamping device is rotated in the ship direction to enable the clamping rod to be aligned with the fan tower column.

5. The offshore wind turbine-foundation integrated installation vessel of claim 1, wherein each set of hoisting means comprises a winch fixedly mounted below the U-shaped platform, the winch having a wire rope leading downwards, and a hook being connected below the wire rope.

6. Offshore wind turbine-foundation integration installation vessel according to claim 5, wherein a metal bracket is welded to the wind turbine tower near the centre of gravity of the wind turbine as a lifting point, said lifting point being adapted to said lifting hook.

7. Offshore wind turbine-foundation integration installation vessel according to claim 1, wherein the gap between the left blade and the right blade is trapezoidal and tapers in caliber from bow to stern.

8. Offshore wind turbine-foundation integration installation vessel according to claim 1, wherein the truss structure is arranged at the bow of the hull and the sliding plate is initially positioned at the aft side below the truss structure without interfering with the hoisting process of the wind turbine as a whole.

9. Offshore wind turbine-foundation integration installation vessel according to claim 1, wherein the truss structure and the U-shaped platform are arranged symmetrically in a longitudinal section of the hull.

10. Method of installation of an offshore wind turbine-based installation vessel according to any of the claims 1-9, comprising the steps of:

s4, controlling the sliding plate to move to the direction of the bow to be right below the gravity type fan foundation of the fan, slowly putting down the whole fan, and after the bottom surface of the gravity type fan foundation of the fan is completely attached to the surface of the sliding plate, tightly twisting the steel cable and further clamping a clamping rod in the clamping device so that the fan is completely fixed on the ship body, and completing the shipment of the fan;

and S5, after the offshore fan-foundation integrated installation ship reaches a designated installation sea area, putting down the pile legs to lift the ship body, and completing the unloading of the fan when other work flows are opposite to those in the ship loading process.