CN115284786A

CN115284786A - Full-shaft wheel

Info

Publication number: CN115284786A
Application number: CN202210881337.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李家威; 王淼; 陈磊; 孙磊厚
Original assignee: Changzhou College of Information Technology CCIT
Current assignee: Changzhou College of Information Technology CCIT
Priority date: 2022-07-22
Filing date: 2022-07-22
Publication date: 2022-11-04

Abstract

The invention discloses a full-axle wheel which is used for moving mechanical equipment and comprises a damping system, a fixing system, a locking system and a rolling system which are sequentially connected from top to bottom. All parts of the rolling system can be detached, and the rolling system comprises a claw-shaped retainer, a small rolling element group and a large rolling element, wherein the claw-shaped retainer is not less than four claws, the small rolling element group comprises not less than 21 small rolling elements, bayonets matched with the shape and the number of the small rolling elements are uniformly arranged on the claw-shaped retainer, and the small rolling element group can be arranged between the claw-shaped retainer and the surface of the large rolling element in a rolling manner. The invention adopts the principle that the small balls drive the large balls to roll doubly, and utilizes the combination of the claw-shaped retainer, the small rolling element group and the large rolling element to ensure the lubrication degree and the freedom degree of the large rolling element to the maximum extent.

Description

Full shaft wheel

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of wheel sets, in particular to a full-axle wheel.

Background

In the era of factories all over the world, the appearance of various mechanical devices greatly reduces the workload of people. In an enterprise basically having a certain productivity, a few devices operate independently, and a production line is composed of dozens of hundreds of devices, and the devices can be classified into small, medium and large devices according to size and weight. The mechanical equipment can meet the production requirements of people and bring problems. When the production line needs to be updated or improved, the mechanical equipment has to be moved, and the large and medium-sized equipment is very inconvenient to move due to large volume and heavy weight.

Modern universal wheels have been in the horizontal world, and although they have solved this annoyance to some extent. However, the universal wheels have the defects that the steering shaft of the universal wheel is away from the common perpendicular line of the rotating shaft, the steering shaft needs to be rotated to adapt to the advancing direction, the motion trail of the machine is influenced, and the universal wheel cannot rotate in place. Therefore, the difficulty of moving the machine is increased, the universal wheel is limited, and the use scene of the universal wheel is greatly limited. In addition, for equipment wheels, most universal wheels are difficult to completely fix in place, and some machines even need a support and a foot rest to support the universal wheels, and need to be moved by a forklift when the universal wheels are moved. The heavy mechanical equipment is difficult to assemble, and each assembly and disassembly also becomes a large project, which not only wastes time but also wastes labor.

Therefore, in the prior art, omni wheels which rotate 360 degrees by using balls and driving ball wheels have been designed, but the balls are arranged disorderly, are easy to block and loose as a whole, are only suitable for small devices, have no quality guarantee, are difficult to maintain and basically belong to disposable articles. For another example, CN108045175B provides a technical solution of a universal wheel based on balls for a hospital bed, and although each ball has a fixing device and is not easy to loosen, the structure of each ball fixing device is complex and is not easy to detach and replace. Meanwhile, the damping device of the comparison document is simple, the number of the balls is little, and the damping device is only suitable for light equipment such as sickbeds or the like or can not solve the moving problem of heavy mechanical equipment.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a full-axle wheel, which is suitable for various mechanical devices requiring movement in industrial production and various devices moving on a plane in life, and solves the problem that heavy mechanical devices cannot move in all directions and cannot be fixed in place, and changes the rolling mode of the conventional universal wheel, so that the wheel can be used more conveniently, and the mechanical devices can move more easily.

In order to achieve the above object, according to the disclosed embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a full axle wheel for moving mechanical equipment, comprising a damping system, a fixing system, a locking system and a rolling system connected in sequence from top to bottom;

the damping system is used for connecting an upper mechanical device with a lower fixing system, the fixing system is used for fixing, assembling and disassembling the rolling system, and the locking system can enable the full-axle wheel not to move;

all parts of the rolling system can be detached and comprise claw-shaped retainers, small rolling element groups and large rolling elements, wherein the claw-shaped retainers and the small rolling element groups are arranged in the fixing system, and 2/3 parts of the large rolling elements are arranged in the fixing system;

the small rolling element group comprises at least 21 small rolling elements, bayonets matched with the small rolling elements in shape and number are uniformly arranged on the claw-shaped retainer, and the small rolling element group can be arranged between the claw-shaped retainer and the surface of the large rolling element in a rolling manner.

Preferably, the damping system includes the shock attenuation shell, shock attenuation post and the damping spring of cylinder, the inside top of shock attenuation shell is provided with equipment connection platform for connect the mechanical equipment that needs to remove, the inside below of shock attenuation shell is provided with fixed shell connector, is used for connecting fixing system, the shock attenuation post with the equal detachably of damping spring sets up in shock attenuation shell.

Preferably, the shock-absorbing column is detachably fixed below the equipment connecting platform through a shock-absorbing column fixing nut, the shock-absorbing spring surrounds the periphery of the shock-absorbing column, and a shock-absorbing buffering space is reserved between the shock-absorbing column and the fixed shell connecting port.

Preferably, the fixing system comprises a pair of completely symmetrical and combinable fixing shells, and the fixing shells are connected below the shock absorption system through bolts.

Preferably, the locking system comprises two completely symmetrical locking devices, the locking devices are symmetrically arranged on the fixed shell, and the two locking devices are respectively clamped into the lower part of the large rolling element from two opposite directions, so that the contact point of the large rolling element is separated from the ground.

Preferably, the locking device comprises a connecting part for connecting the fixed shell, a fixed part for limiting the folding angle of the locking device, a clamping part for clamping the large rolling element and a compensating part for compensating the length of the clamping part, the sum of the lengths of the clamping part and the compensating part is not less than the radius of the fixed shell, the tail end of the clamping part is provided with a thin steel sheet, and the thin steel sheet can be clamped below the large rolling element.

Preferably, a pair of high-magnetic force magnets are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the fixed shell, and the clamping part can be adsorbed on the magnets.

Preferably, the bottom of the fixing system is further provided with a base fixing ring for fixing the two fixing shells.

Preferably, a small rolling body shell is further arranged outside the small rolling bodies, and the small rolling bodies can be connected into a small rolling body group through the small rolling body shell.

Preferably, the claw-shaped retainer and the small rolling bodies are made of bearing alloy, and the large rolling bodies are made of one or more of nylon materials, steel materials or ceramic materials.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages:

1. the principle that the small balls drive the large balls to roll doubly is adopted, and the combination of the claw-shaped retainer, the small rolling element group and the large rolling element is utilized, so that the lubrication degree and the freedom degree of the large rolling element are ensured to the maximum extent, heavy mechanical equipment connected with the large rolling element can conveniently move in all directions and can rotate in place for 360 degrees, and the directional handlability is stronger;

2. the claw-shaped retainer is used for fixing the small rolling element component, so that the small rolling elements can be uniformly separated and guided to move on a correct track, the small rolling elements are prevented from being stuck, and the damage rate is reduced under the condition of ensuring absolutely good rolling performance;

3. the locking system is arranged, so that the structure is simple, the use is convenient, and the heavy mechanical equipment can be conveniently fixed in place to prevent backward sliding;

4. the invention adds a sphere multiple fixing device such as a fixed shell, a claw-shaped retainer, a base fixing ring and the like, ensures that the invention can bear large load, also adds a spring damping device and can adapt to various complex terrains.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings required by the present invention are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is an exploded view of the structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the shock absorbing system of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the stationary housing of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the locking system of the present invention in an unused state;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a locking system according to the present invention;

fig. 7 is a structural view of the claw cage and the small rolling element group.

The reference numerals include: 1-1, damping shell; 1-2, fixing a nut on the shock absorption column; 1-3, a damping spring; 1-4, a damping buffer space; 1-5, equipment connecting platform; 1-6, shock-absorbing columns; 1-7, fixing a shell connecting port; 2-1, connecting a reinforcing bolt; 2-2, connecting a reinforcing bolt at the lower part; 2-3, connecting a reinforcing nut; 2-4, connecting a reinforcing nut at the lower part; 3-1, fixing the shell at the left side; 3-2, fixing the shell on the right side; 4-1, a left connecting part; 4-2, a right connecting part; 4-3, a left fixing part; 4-4, right fixing part; 4-5, a left compensation component; 4-6, right compensation part; 4-7, a left clamping component; 4-8, a right clamping component; 5-1, claw-shaped retainer; 5-2, small rolling element group; 6-1, a base fixing ring; 7-1, large rolling body.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The invention discloses a full-axle wheel which is designed by utilizing a spherical lubrication rolling principle, and comprises four systems, namely a damping system, a fixing system, a locking system and a rolling system, as shown in figure 1 according to the characteristic that a sphere is easy to roll.

The damping system plays a role in supporting and connecting, prevents equipment instruments from being damaged due to bumping in the traveling process, and is also used for connecting upper mechanical equipment with a lower fixing system. As shown in fig. 3, the shock-absorbing system mainly includes a cylindrical shock-absorbing housing 1-1, a shock-absorbing column 1-6, and a shock-absorbing spring 1-3. An equipment connecting platform 1-5 is arranged above the inside of the shock absorption shell 1-1 and is used for connecting mechanical equipment needing to be moved, and a fixed shell connecting port 1-7 which can be connected with a lower fixing system is arranged at the bottom end of the inside of the shock absorption shell 1-1. The equipment connecting platform 1-5 is connected with the shock absorption columns 1-6 below the equipment connecting platform through the shock absorption column fixing nuts 1-2, and disassembly is convenient. A plurality of damping springs 1-3 are also detachably arranged around the peripheries of the damping columns 1-6 so as to reduce the amplitude of the equipment. The damping springs 1-3 are preferably made of 65# carbon spring steel wire and are characterized by low plasticity, strong elasticity and strong stress resistance.

Preferably, a damping buffer space 1-4 is reserved below the damping column 1-6 and above the fixed shell connecting port 1-7, so that a better damping effect is achieved.

As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the fixing system comprises a pair of completely symmetrical and foldable and assembled fixing shells 3-1 and 3-2, and the two parts are combined into a complete shell for dismounting the internal retainer, so that the installation and the maintenance are convenient. When the damping shell 1-1 is connected with the left and right fixed shells 3-1, 3-2, the upper and lower reinforcing bolts 2-1, 2-2 and the upper and lower reinforcing nuts 2-3, 2-4 are required to be inserted into the corresponding small holes of the damping shell 1-1 and the left and right fixed shells 3-1, 3-2, and the upper and lower reinforcing nuts 2-3, 2-4 are tightly attached to the damping shell 1-1, so as to further fix the damping shell, thus the damping shell is convenient to mount and dismount and convenient to maintain.

Preferably, the invention also adopts an up-down double fixing method to ensure the quality, and the bottom of the fixing system is provided with a base fixing ring 6-1 for fixing the left and right fixing shells 3-1 and 3-2 and preventing the parts from loosening to influence the service life and movement.

The damping shell 1-1 and the left and right fixed shells 3-1 and 3-2 can be made of common cast iron or high-hardness alloy according to the using condition so as to ensure external bearing and quality.

As shown in figures 1 and 7, the rolling system utilizes the principle that small balls drive large balls to roll doubly to ensure the lubrication degree and the freedom degree of the system to the maximum degree, and comprises a claw-shaped retainer 5-1, a small rolling element group 5-2 and a large rolling element 5-3. The small rolling body group 5-2 consists of a plurality of small rolling bodies and small rolling body shells, each small rolling body and each small rolling body shell are independent members, bayonets matched with the small rolling bodies in shape and number are uniformly arranged on the claw-shaped retainer 5-1, the small rolling body members are uniformly separated, the small rolling bodies are guided to move on a correct track, and the small rolling body group can be randomly disassembled so as to be convenient to maintain and recycle. At the same time, the small rolling element group 5-2 is used to stabilize the degree of freedom of the large rolling elements 5-3. The size and the number of the large rolling bodies and the small rolling bodies directly determine the bearing capacity of the full-shaft wheel, and the claw-shaped retainer 5-1 is used for fixing the small rolling body parts 5-2 and the large rolling bodies 7-1. In addition, in order to solve the problem of convenient maintenance, the invention adopts a detachable working principle, all parts of the rolling system can be detached, and once the rolling system is damaged, simple detachment and maintenance or replacement of single parts can be carried out.

When the rolling bearing is installed, the small rolling element group 5-2 is embedded into the claw-shaped retainer 5-1, and then the left and right fixed shells 3-1 and 3-2 are assembled. Then 2/3 of the large rolling body 7-1 is installed into the left and right fixed shells 3-1 and 3-2 to prevent falling off. And finally, the base fixing ring 6-1 is arranged below the left and right fixing shells 3-1 and 3-2.

The design principle of the claw-shaped retainer 5-1 adopts a multi-spherical rolling principle, small rolling element groups 5-2 are uniformly arranged in an inner shell of the claw-shaped retainer 5-1, each small rolling element is provided with a corresponding bayonet, the damage rate is reduced under the condition of ensuring absolutely good rolling performance, and the maintenance is convenient. And the large rolling body 7-1 is a key dynamic part of the product.

The inner shell part of the claw-shaped retainer 5-1 and the small rolling group 5-2 are made of bearing alloy, and the bearing alloy has good antifriction performance, certain compressive strength and hardness and can bear the pressure applied by the rotating large rolling body. The large rolling body 7-1 can be made of nylon, steel or ceramic according to the physical state of the required bearing and moving place.

As shown in fig. 5-6, the locking system is mainly used for fixing the full-axis wheel in situ, and comprises two groups of completely symmetrical locking devices which are symmetrically arranged on the left and right fixed shells 3-1 and 3-2. The two groups of locking devices are respectively clamped below the large rolling body 7-1 from two opposite directions, so that the contact point of the large rolling body 7-1 is separated from the ground, the large rolling body 7-1 loses the movable freedom degree, and the purpose of full-axle wheel locking is achieved. The locking device comprises a left connecting part 4-1 and a right connecting part 4-2 for connecting a left fixing shell 3-1 and a right fixing shell 3-2, a left fixing component 4-3 and a right fixing component 4-4 for limiting the folding angle of the locking device, a left clamping component 4-7 and a right clamping component 4-8 for clamping a large rolling body 7-1, and a left compensating component 4-5 and a right compensating component 4-6 for compensating the length of the clamping components, wherein the sum of the lengths of the left clamping component 4-7 and the left compensating component 4-5 is not less than the radius of the left fixing shell 3-1 and the right fixing shell 3-2. The tail ends of the left clamping part 4-7 and the right clamping part 4-8 are provided with thin steel sheets which can be clamped below the large rolling body 7-1.

Preferably, standing feet can be arranged below the tail ends of the left and right compensation parts 4-5 and 4-6 and below the head ends of the left and right clamping parts 4-7 and 4-8, and the standing feet can lift the locking system to enable the large rolling body 7-1 to be separated from the ground more effectively.

Preferably, the bottoms of the left and right fixed shells 3-1 and 3-2 are also provided with magnets, and when the holding system is not used, the thin steel sheets at the tail ends of the left and right clamping parts 4-7 and 4-8 can be adsorbed on the magnets, so that the normal movement of the invention is not influenced.

The locking system adopts novel simple locking devices, and when the locking system is not needed, two groups of locking devices are folded according to a certain angle and adsorbed on the magnets at the bottoms of the left and right fixed shells 3-1 and 3-2. When a locking system is needed, screws are mounted and fixed only according to the sequence of the left connecting part 4-1, the right connecting part 4-2, the left fixing part 4-3, the right fixing part 4-4, the left clamping part 4-7, the right clamping part 4-8, the left compensating part 4-5 and the right compensating part 4-6, and thin steel sheets of the left clamping part 4-7 and the right clamping part 4-8 at two sides are clamped below the large rolling body, so that locking can be achieved, and the large rolling body 7-1 is prevented from moving. When the magnet needs to be moved, the screws are disassembled one by one, and then the thin steel sheets are folded in reverse according to the locking sequence and adsorbed on the magnet.

The locking device can be made of steel materials and rubber, and the overall quality of the full-axle wheel is guaranteed to the maximum extent. Meanwhile, the magnets are high-magnetic-force magnets, so that the locking device is prevented from falling off.

The invention is suitable for all-directional movement of medium and large-sized mechanical equipment, thereby having higher requirements on load bearing capacity. Therefore, the claw-shaped retainer 5-1 used by the invention is not less than four claws, and can be six claws, eight claws or more. The number of the small rolling bodies is not less than 21, generally, the small rolling bodies are singular, the number of the small rolling bodies is more, the stability is higher, and the rolling performance is better.

Of course, the above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. All the equivalent structures or equivalent processes performed by using the contents of the specification and the drawings of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Furthermore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that while some embodiments described herein include some features included in other embodiments, rather than other features, combinations of features of different embodiments are meant to be within the scope of the invention and form different embodiments. For example, in the following claims, any of the claimed embodiments may be used in any combination.

While the invention has been described with respect to a limited number of embodiments, those skilled in the art, having benefit of this description, will appreciate that other embodiments can be devised which do not depart from the scope of the invention as described herein. Furthermore, it should be noted that the language used in the specification has been principally selected for readability and instructional purposes, and may not have been selected to delineate or circumscribe the inventive subject matter. Accordingly, many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the appended claims. The present invention has been disclosed in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An all-axle wheel for a mobile mechanical device, characterized by: the device comprises a damping system, a fixing system, a locking system and a rolling system which are sequentially connected from top to bottom;

the damping system is used for connecting an upper mechanical device with a lower fixing system, the fixing system is used for fixing and assembling and disassembling the rolling system, and the locking system can enable the all-axle wheel not to move;

all parts of the rolling system can be detached, and the rolling system comprises a claw-shaped retainer with at least four claws, a small rolling element group and a large rolling element, wherein the claw-shaped retainer and the small rolling element group are arranged in the fixing system, and 2/3 part of the large rolling element is arranged in the fixing system;

2. An all-axle wheel according to claim 1, wherein: the damping system comprises a cylindrical damping shell, a damping column and a damping spring, wherein an equipment connecting platform is arranged above the inside of the damping shell and used for connecting mechanical equipment needing to be moved, a fixed shell connecting port is arranged below the inside of the damping shell and used for connecting the fixing system, and the damping column and the damping spring are detachably arranged in the damping shell.

3. An all-axle wheel according to claim 2, wherein: the shock-absorbing column is detachably fixed below the equipment connecting platform through a shock-absorbing column fixing nut, the shock-absorbing spring surrounds the periphery of the shock-absorbing column, and a shock-absorbing buffering space is reserved between the shock-absorbing column and the fixed shell connecting port.

4. An all-axle wheel according to claim 1, wherein: the fixing system comprises a pair of completely symmetrical fixing shells which can be combined and assembled, and the fixing shells are connected below the damping system through bolts.

5. An all-axle wheel according to claim 4, wherein: the locking system comprises two groups of completely symmetrical locking devices, the locking devices are symmetrically arranged on the fixed shell, and the two groups of locking devices are clamped into the lower portion of the large rolling body from two opposite directions respectively, so that the contact point of the large rolling body is separated from the ground.

6. An all-axle wheel according to claim 5, wherein: the locking device comprises a connecting component used for connecting the fixed shell, a fixed component used for limiting the folding angle of the locking device, a clamping component used for clamping the large rolling body and a compensating component used for compensating the length of the clamping component, wherein the sum of the length of the clamping component and the length of the compensating component is not less than the radius of the fixed shell, the tail end of the clamping component is provided with a thin steel sheet, and the thin steel sheet can be clamped into the position below the large rolling body.

7. An all-axle wheel according to claim 6, wherein: the bottom of the fixed shell is symmetrically provided with a pair of high-magnetic force magnets, and the clamping component can be adsorbed on the magnets.

8. An all-axle wheel according to any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein: the bottom of the fixing system is also provided with a base fixing ring for fixing the two fixing shells.

9. An all-axle wheel according to any one of claims 1-3 or 8, wherein: and a small rolling body shell is arranged outside the small rolling bodies and can connect the small rolling bodies into a small rolling body group.

10. An all-axle wheel according to claim 9, wherein: the claw-shaped retainer and the small rolling bodies are made of bearing alloy, and the large rolling bodies are made of one or more of nylon materials, steel materials or ceramic materials.