CN115283937B - Thin-wall annular sheet metal part assembling device and method - Google Patents
Thin-wall annular sheet metal part assembling device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115283937B CN115283937B CN202210864644.XA CN202210864644A CN115283937B CN 115283937 B CN115283937 B CN 115283937B CN 202210864644 A CN202210864644 A CN 202210864644A CN 115283937 B CN115283937 B CN 115283937B
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 132
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P11/00—Connecting or disconnecting metal parts or objects by metal-working techniques not otherwise provided for
- B23P11/02—Connecting or disconnecting metal parts or objects by metal-working techniques not otherwise provided for by first expanding and then shrinking or vice versa, e.g. by using pressure fluids; by making force fits
- B23P11/025—Connecting or disconnecting metal parts or objects by metal-working techniques not otherwise provided for by first expanding and then shrinking or vice versa, e.g. by using pressure fluids; by making force fits by using heat or cold
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P2700/00—Indexing scheme relating to the articles being treated, e.g. manufactured, repaired, assembled, connected or other operations covered in the subgroups
- B23P2700/01—Aircraft parts
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Abstract
The application provides a thin-wall annular sheet metal part assembling device and method, which belong to the technical field of aviation manufacturing and assembling, wherein the thin-wall annular sheet metal part assembling device comprises: the mold is matched with the sheet metal part contracted in the low-temperature environment, a plurality of positioning bolts sliding along the radial direction are arranged on the mold, and different positioning bolts can be simultaneously inserted into different sheet metal holes; a base on which the parts are placed; the clamp assemblies are fixed on the base and distributed on the periphery of the part, and are used for stabilizing the position of the part on the base; the base is provided with a guide shaft, the guide shaft is provided with a first guide plane, the die is provided with a mandrel inner hole, the inner wall of the mandrel inner hole is abutted against the side wall of the guide shaft, and the mandrel inner hole is provided with a second guide plane attached to the first guide plane. By the scheme of the application, deformation of the sheet metal part in the assembly process is reduced, and meanwhile, the requirement on the assembly angle direction is met.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of aviation manufacturing assembly, in particular to a thin-wall annular sheet metal part assembly device and method.
Background
The technical requirements for assembling the aero-engine at present are higher and higher, the assembling difficulty is increased, operators with high skill level can not be completed by the traditional manual assembling mode, more innovative technology is required to apply the aero-engine assembly, the problem can not be solved only by the traditional knocking method, hot-charging method and cold-charging method, the diffuser shell assembly is required to be assembled by interference, the large-diameter sheet metal part is assembled, the assembly has the angular requirement, the assembling difficulty is high, meanwhile, the part matrix material is high-temperature alloy, the cooling speed is high, the traditional assembling method can not meet the assembling requirement, and the following defects exist: the sheet metal part has larger roundness and a special-shaped structure, and the sheet metal part is stressed and deformed greatly and irregularly in the assembly process, so that the deformation cannot be controlled; the assembly interference is large, the shrinkage recovery time of the part is quick, and the clamping stagnation occurs once the sheet metal part is inclined in the assembly process; in the assembly process, the sheet metal holes and the base body parts have angular requirements, the angular direction of the traditional assembly method cannot be controlled, and the assembly efficiency and the success rate are low. The automatic assembly scheme of the assembly machine is used by a part of foreign automatic factories in the fields of automobiles and the like, but the automatic assembly technology of the assembly machine is not successfully applied to the batch processing of aviation parts due to higher precision requirements and complex molded surfaces of the aviation parts.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the application provides a thin-wall annular sheet metal part assembling device and method, which solve the problems in the prior art, reduce the deformation of the sheet metal part during the assembling process and simultaneously meet the requirement on the assembling angle.
On one hand, the thin-wall annular sheet metal part assembling device provided by the application adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a thin wall annular sheet metal component assembly quality, be equipped with a plurality of evenly distributed's panel beating hole on the sheet metal component circumference lateral wall, the sheet metal component is assembled in annular part, the part outer wall is equipped with radial convex boss, thin wall annular sheet metal component assembly quality includes:
the outer side surface of the die is matched with the inner side surface of the sheet metal part contracted in the low-temperature environment, a plurality of positioning bolts sliding along the radial direction are arranged on the die, and different positioning bolts can be simultaneously inserted into different sheet metal holes;
a base on which the parts are placed;
the clamp assemblies are fixed on the base and distributed on the periphery of the part, and are used for stabilizing the position of the part on the base;
the base is provided with a guide shaft coaxial with the part at a fixed position, the guide shaft is provided with a first guide plane, the die is provided with a mandrel inner hole for the guide shaft to pass through, the center of the mandrel inner hole coincides with the axis of the die, the inner wall of the mandrel inner hole is abutted to the side wall of the guide shaft, and the mandrel inner hole is provided with a second guide plane attached to the first guide plane.
Optionally, the diameter shrinkage of the sheet metal part in the low-temperature environment is 0.3-0.38mm.
Optionally, the number of the metal plate holes is an even number, when the metal plate component and the part are assembled correctly, an included angle between the boss and one of the metal plate holes is alpha, an included angle between a straight line perpendicular to the first guiding plane and passing through the axis of the guiding shaft and the boss axis of the part after the fixing position is alpha, and the axis direction of any positioning bolt is perpendicular to the second guiding plane.
Optionally, the fixture assembly includes a plurality of pressing blocks on the distribution base, when pressing blocks are fixed on the base through bolts, the pressing blocks compress the process outer ring on the outer edge of the part on the base.
Optionally, the fixture assembly includes a circumferential positioning block fixed on the base, and when the part circumferentially rotates on the base until the boss abuts against the circumferential positioning block, an angle between a straight line perpendicular to the first guide plane and passing through the axis of the guide shaft and the axis of the boss is alpha.
Optionally, be equipped with the through-hole that supplies the dabber to pass on the mould, be fixed with the rectangle frame on the mould, the center of rectangle frame and the coincidence of the axle center of mould, the inner wall of rectangle frame forms the hole, the rectangle frame includes one side open-ended three frames and closed open-ended guide strip, the inner wall of guide strip forms the second guide plane.
Optionally, the screw rod is arranged on one side of the guide shaft, which is opposite to the base, and the thin-wall annular sheet metal part assembling device further comprises a force application component, wherein the force application component comprises a transfer sleeve and a nut which encircle the outer side of the mandrel, the nut and the transfer sleeve are coaxially arranged, the nut is in threaded connection with the screw rod, and the nut is rotated to drive the end face of the transfer sleeve to be in contact with and tightly press the die.
On the other hand, the thin-wall annular sheet metal part assembly method provided by the application adopts the following technical scheme:
optionally, the assembly method of the thin-wall annular sheet metal part comprises the following steps:
collecting shrinkage deformation of the sheet metal part under dry ice cooling through theoretical calculation and test, and collecting shrinkage of the sheet metal part under dry ice cooling through theoretical calculation and test data;
designing the mold according to the average value of the sheet metal part dry ice cooling shrinkage data;
securing the part to a base as described above by means of a clamp assembly as described above;
mounting the cooled sheet metal part on the die, and enabling the positioning bolt to pass through the sheet metal hole;
controlling the die to enable a guide shaft on the base to penetrate through an inner hole of the mandrel, and ensuring that a first guide plane and a second guide plane are attached;
applying pressure to the die towards the base to enable the die and the sheet metal part to enter the part and reach a design position;
the sheet metal part returns to normal temperature, the positioning bolt is retracted, and the die is taken out.
In summary, the application has the following beneficial technical effects:
according to the application, a sheet metal part and a part are assembled by adopting a cold assembly method, and a mold matched with the sheet metal part at a low temperature is designed, so that the problems of large roundness and large local stress deformation in the sheet metal part assembling process are solved;
the fixture component is designed to determine the position and circumferential state of the part on the base, the assembly angle is controlled through the matching of the guide shaft and the inner hole of the mandrel, the problem that the assembly angle does not meet the drawing requirement due to the fact that the sheet metal part cannot rotate due to large interference after the assembly is completed is solved, meanwhile, the guide shaft is matched with the inner hole of the mandrel precisely, the inclination of the part is controlled, the problem of clamping stagnation in the assembly process is solved, the part is prevented from moving forward and backward in the assembly process, and finally the assembly is failed;
the assembly pressure is applied by the gravity of the screw mechanism and the die, so that the pressure in the assembly process can be generated, the parts are uniformly stressed, and the problem that slight clamping stagnation or sheet metal is not assembled to the bottom in the assembly process is assisted.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a sheet metal part according to the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a mold according to the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the assembled structure of the sheet metal part and the part of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of the sheet metal part and part assembly structure of the present application when an assembly pressure is applied using a nut.
Reference numerals illustrate: 1. a sheet metal part; 11. a sheet metal hole; 2. a part; 21. a boss; 3. a mold; 31. positioning a bolt; 32. an inner hole of the mandrel; 33. a second guide plane; 34. three frames; 35. a guide bar; 4. a base; 41. a guide shaft; 42. a first guide plane; 5. a circumferential positioning block; 51. pressing blocks; 52. a waist-shaped groove; 53. a process outer ring; 6. a screw; 61. a nut; 62. and (5) a switching sleeve.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Other advantages and effects of the present application will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, which describes the embodiments of the present application with reference to specific examples. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the application. The application may be practiced or carried out in other embodiments that depart from the specific details, and the details of the present description may be modified or varied from the spirit and scope of the present application. It should be noted that the following embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
It is noted that various aspects of the embodiments are described below within the scope of the following claims. It should be apparent that the aspects described herein may be embodied in a wide variety of forms and that any specific structure and/or function described herein is merely illustrative. Based on the present disclosure, one skilled in the art will appreciate that one aspect described herein may be implemented independently of any other aspect, and that two or more of these aspects may be combined in various ways. For example, an apparatus may be implemented and/or a method practiced using any number of the aspects set forth herein. In addition, such apparatus may be implemented and/or such methods practiced using other structure and/or functionality in addition to one or more of the aspects set forth herein.
It should also be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments merely illustrate the basic concept of the present application by way of illustration, and only the components related to the present application are shown in the drawings and are not drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation, and the form, number and proportion of the components in actual implementation may be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may be more complicated.
In addition, in the following description, specific details are provided in order to provide a thorough understanding of the examples. However, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the aspects may be practiced without these specific details.
The embodiment of the application provides a thin-wall annular sheet metal part assembling device.
As shown in fig. 1-3, a plurality of evenly distributed sheet metal holes 11 are formed in the circumferential side wall of the sheet metal part 1, the sheet metal part 1 is assembled in the annular part 2, a boss 21 protruding radially is arranged on the outer wall of the part 2, wherein the number of the sheet metal holes 11 is even, and when the sheet metal part 1 and the part 2 are correctly assembled, an included angle between the boss 21 and one of the sheet metal holes 11 is alpha, and in this embodiment, alpha is equal to 15 °.
The assembly device of the thin-wall annular sheet metal part 1 comprises:
as shown in fig. 2, in the mold 3, the outer side surface of the mold 3 is matched with the inner side surface of the sheet metal part 1 shrunk in the low-temperature environment, a plurality of positioning pins 31 sliding along the radial direction are arranged on the mold 3, different positioning pins 31 can be inserted into different sheet metal holes 11 at the same time by penetrating through the side wall of the mold 3, the number of the positioning pins 31 is two, and the two positioning pins 31 are distributed relatively.
A base 4, on which base 4 the part 2 is placed.
And the clamp assemblies are fixed on the base 4 and distributed on the periphery of the part 2, and are used for stabilizing the position of the part 2 on the base 4.
As shown in fig. 3, a guide shaft 41 coaxial with the part 2 after the fixing position is arranged on the base 4, a first guide plane 42 is arranged on the guide shaft 41, a mandrel inner hole 32 through which the guide shaft 41 passes is arranged on the die 3, the center of the mandrel inner hole 32 coincides with the axis of the die 3, the inner wall of the mandrel inner hole 32 abuts against the side wall of the guide shaft 41, and a second guide plane 33 attached to the first guide plane 42 is arranged on the mandrel inner hole 32.
The base material of the part 2 is high-temperature alloy, the cooling speed is high, and the shrinkage of the part 2 cannot meet the assembly requirement by adopting a hot-charging method through calculation.
Through theoretical calculation and experiments, collecting shrinkage deformation of the sheet metal part 1 under dry ice cooling;
according to the average value of the dry ice cooling shrinkage data of the sheet metal part 1, designing a die 3 matched with the contour of the sheet metal part 1, and solving the problems of large roundness and large local stress deformation in the process of equipment of the sheet metal part 1; specifically, through theoretical calculation and test, the shrinkage deformation of the sheet metal part 1 under dry ice cooling is collected, and through theoretical calculation and test data, the shrinkage of the sheet metal part 2 under dry ice cooling is collected:
Δd=Φa- Φd (Φa is the diameter before cooling, Φd is the diameter after cooling)
Φd=Φa+Φa×b×c (B is the coefficient of expansion and contraction of the material, C is the temperature)
The diameter shrinkage of the sheet metal part 1 is 0.4mm through theoretical calculation, and the average diameter shrinkage of the sheet metal part 1 is 0.3-0.38mm through test data collection.
According to the average value of the dry ice cooling shrinkage data of the sheet metal part 1, designing a die 3 matched with the profile of the sheet metal part 1 after shrinkage, and solving the problems of large roundness and large local stress deformation in the process of equipment of the sheet metal part 1; through calculation and analysis, because the sheet metal part 1 is larger in roundness and special in structure, the contour of the sheet metal part needs to be corrected by the die 3 matched with the contour of the sheet metal part, and meanwhile, the sheet metal part 1 is uniformly stressed in the assembly process, so that the problem that the deformation of the sheet metal part 1 cannot be controlled due to local stress is avoided, and the assembly difficulty is increased.
The assembly of the sheet metal part 1 with the special-shaped structure has the angular requirement, the assembly angle is controlled through the cooperation of the guide shaft 41 and the mandrel inner hole 32, the problem that the assembly angle does not meet the drawing requirement because the sheet metal part 1 cannot rotate due to the fact that larger interference exists after the assembly is completed is solved, meanwhile, the guide shaft 41 is precisely matched with the mandrel inner hole 32, the inclination of the part 2 is controlled, the problem of clamping stagnation in the assembly process is solved, the part 2 is prevented from being advanced and retreated in the assembly process, and finally the assembly fails.
Finally, by utilizing the expansion characteristic of the normal-temperature sheet metal part 1, the expanded sheet metal part 1 and the die 3 form a gap, so that the die 3 is conveniently taken out, and the difficult problem that the die 3 cannot be taken out after assembly is skillfully solved. And (3) performing an assembly test by using the die (3), and optimizing and perfecting the scheme according to the on-site assembly condition.
Specifically, the fixture assembly includes a circumferential positioning block 5 fixed on the base 4, and when the part 2 rotates on the base 4 circumferentially until the boss 21 abuts against the circumferential positioning block 5, an angle α between a straight line perpendicular to the first guiding plane 42 and passing through the axis of the guiding shaft 41 and the axis of the boss 21 is set. The part 2 on the base 4 is positioned circumferentially by the circumferential positioning block 5. Such that the boss 21 and the first guide plane 42 are maintained in a defined circumferential relationship.
The fixture assembly comprises a plurality of pressing blocks 51 distributed on the base 4, and when the pressing blocks 51 are fixed on the base 4 through bolts, the pressing blocks 51 press the process outer ring 53 on the outer edge of the part 2 on the base 4. The positioned part 2 is stabilized on the base 4 by the abutment block 51. The pressing block 51 is provided with a waist-shaped groove 52 for a bolt to pass through, and the length direction of the waist-shaped groove 52 extends along the proceeding direction of the die 3, so that the pressing block 51 can slide along the waist-shaped groove 52, and the pressing block 51 is controlled to be close to the part 2. The process outer ring 53 refers to an excess portion machined on the outer periphery of the part 2 in order to fix the part 2, and the process outer ring 53 is removed after the assembly is completed, so that the part 2 is restored to its original shape.
The design makes the axis direction of any location bolt 31 perpendicular to the second guiding plane 33, and after the location bolt 31 inserts in the sheet metal hole 11, the included angle between the sheet metal hole 11 and the boss 21 can be ensured, that is, the assembly angle requirement is satisfied. Specifically, during assembly, one of the positioning pins 31 is aligned with the second guide plane 33, the first guide plane 42 is aligned with the second guide plane 33, and the positioning pin 31 is aligned with the first guide plane 42, so that the positioning pin 31 and the first guide plane 42 maintain a certain circumferential relationship, and the sheet metal hole 11 and the boss 21 maintain a certain circumferential relationship, namely, during assembly, the sheet metal hole 11 is aligned with the first guide plane 42, so that the included angle between the axis of the sheet metal hole 11 and the boss 21 is alpha, and the assembly angle requirement is met.
The die 3 is provided with a through hole for the mandrel to pass through, the die 3 is fixedly provided with a rectangular frame, the center of the rectangular frame is coincident with the axis of the die 3, the inner wall of the rectangular frame forms the inner hole, the rectangular frame comprises a trilateral frame 34 with one side open and a guide strip 35 with a closed opening, the trilateral frame 34 and the guide strip 35 are fixed on the die 3 through bolts, and the inner wall of the guide strip 35 forms the second guide plane 33. The separate guide strip 35 can be quickly found out of the second guide plane 33 during the assembly process.
As shown in fig. 4, a screw rod 6 is disposed on a side of the guide shaft 41 facing away from the base 4, and the assembly device for the thin-wall annular sheet metal part 1 further includes a force application component, the force application component includes a transfer sleeve 62 surrounding the outer side of the mandrel and a nut 61, the nut 61 and the transfer sleeve 62 are coaxially disposed, the nut 61 is in threaded connection with the screw rod 6, and the end face of the transfer sleeve 62 is driven by rotating the nut 61 to be engaged with and pressed against the mold 3.
The assembly pressure is applied by the gravity of the screw mechanism and the die 3, so that the pressure in the assembly process can be generated, the part 2 is uniformly stressed, the problem that slight clamping stagnation or sheet metal is not assembled to the bottom in the assembly process is assisted, the sheet metal part 1 is better assembled, the maximum and minimum pressure required by the assembly is calculated by an interference fit assembly pressing force calculation formula P=delta/Df (Ca/Ea+Ci/Ei), and the assembly pressure is transmitted by screwing force through selecting proper screw threads.
The sheet metal part 1 has larger roundness and is of a special-shaped structure, and the sheet metal part 1 is stressed and deformed greatly and irregularly in the assembly process, so that the deformation cannot be controlled; the sheet metal part 1 has a thinner wall thickness of only 0.8mm, a diameter of about 400mm, and the common size and technical conditions can only be ensured under a constraint state, and when the sheet metal part is assembled, irregular deformation can occur once the stress is uneven, so that the assembly difficulty is increased.
Through analyzing the abnormal structure of sheet metal part 1, design constraint mould 3, can correct sheet metal part 1 circularity, avoid the sheet metal atress deformation problem in the assembly process simultaneously, but constraint mould 3's outline size is really a difficult point, need carry out theoretical calculation and a large amount of field test, can confirm, the time and the method of solidifying dry ice cooling sheet metal part 1 certainly simultaneously, otherwise can have the assembly clearance mismatch problem of mould 3 and sheet metal part 1.
The application has larger assembly interference, the shrinkage recovery time of the part 2 is quick, and the sheet metal part 1 is blocked once being inclined in the assembly process. The shrinkage recovery time of the sheet metal part 1 is quick, a series of flow actions in the assembly process must be coherent, otherwise, once the shrinkage recovery is carried out, the sheet metal part 1 cannot rotate in the part 2 due to large interference, and meanwhile, the sheet metal part is difficult to advance and retract.
According to the application, through analysis, manual assembly cannot guarantee the angular requirement and the inclination problem of the part 2 in the assembly process, the assembly fixture is assisted by designing the die 3, the fixture assembly, the base 4, the guide shaft 41 and the mandrel inner hole 32, and the assembly time is greatly reduced and the assembly is efficiently completed in the effective cooling time by controlling the two requirements through the fixture.
Besides interference fit, the sheet metal part 1 is lower than the surface of a base body of the part 2, and clamping stagnation is occasionally caused in the process of assembly, so that the assembly pressure is required, and the assembly pressure is required to uniformly stress the part 2, so that the assembly pressure is transmitted by referring to related data, selecting the size of a nut and a thread through calculation and screwing the nut.
The application uses the nut 61 to transmit the assembly pressure during the assembly process, and controls the assembly depth of the sheet metal part 1 and the pressure overload risk through the effective thread length and the adapter sleeve 62.
The traditional manual assembly cannot realize the interference assembly of the thin-wall large-diameter sheet metal part 1, the failure rate is 100%, the assembly is carried out by using the die 3 and the self-positioning mechanism, the assembly can be rapidly completed within the effective cooling time, and a large number of field tests prove that the assembly scheme is efficient and reliable, the success rate is more than 98%, the labor intensity of operators is relieved, the cost is greatly reduced, the product quality is ensured, and the method is further used before the excessive assembly technology in scientific development.
The embodiment of the application also discloses an assembly method of the thin-wall annular sheet metal part 1,
the assembly method of the thin-wall annular sheet metal part 1 comprises the following steps:
through theoretical calculation and test, the shrinkage deformation of the sheet metal part 1 under dry ice cooling is collected, and through theoretical calculation and test data, the shrinkage of the sheet metal part 2 under dry ice cooling is collected.
The mold 3 described above was designed based on the average value of the dry ice cooling shrinkage data of the sheet metal part 1.
The part 2 is secured to the base 4 by the clamp assembly described above. Specifically, the boss 21 is abutted against the circumferential positioning block 5, the boss 21 is abutted against the circumferential positioning block 50.02, the part 2 is pressed tightly, and the clearance between the boss 21 and the positioning block of the part 2 in the assembly process is prevented from causing the angular out-of-tolerance; the adjustment pressing block 51 presses the process outer ring 53.
The cooled sheet metal part 1 is mounted on the die 3, and the positioning bolts 31 penetrate through the sheet metal holes 11.
The die 3 is controlled so that the guide shaft 41 on the base 4 passes through the mandrel bore 32 and ensures that the first guide plane 42 and the second guide plane 33 are in abutment.
Pressure is applied to the mould 3 towards the base 4, causing the mould 3 and the sheet metal part 1 to enter the part 2 and reach the design position. Specifically, the nut is tightened with a wrench, and an assembly pressure is applied.
The sheet metal part 1 returns to normal temperature, the positioning bolt 31 is retracted, and the die 3 is taken out.
And loosening the nut, taking out the die 3, and checking whether the bottom surface of the metal plate is higher than the substrate of the part 2.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present application, and the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions easily contemplated by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present application should be included in the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the application is subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a thin wall annular sheet metal component assembly quality, be equipped with a plurality of evenly distributed's panel beating hole on the sheet metal component circumference lateral wall, the sheet metal component is assembled in annular part, the part outer wall is equipped with radial convex boss, its characterized in that, thin wall annular sheet metal component assembly quality includes:
the outer side surface of the die is matched with the inner side surface of the sheet metal part contracted in the low-temperature environment, a plurality of positioning bolts sliding along the radial direction are arranged on the die, and different positioning bolts can be simultaneously inserted into different sheet metal holes;
a base on which the parts are placed;
the clamp assemblies are fixed on the base and distributed on the periphery of the part, and are used for stabilizing the position of the part on the base;
the base is provided with a guide shaft coaxial with the part at a fixed position, the guide shaft is provided with a first guide plane, the die is provided with a mandrel inner hole for the guide shaft to pass through, the center of the mandrel inner hole coincides with the axis of the die, the inner wall of the mandrel inner hole is abutted against the side wall of the guide shaft, and the mandrel inner hole is provided with a second guide plane attached to the first guide plane;
the number of the metal plate holes is even, when the metal plate part and the part are assembled correctly, the included angle between the boss and one of the metal plate holes is alpha, the included angle between the straight line perpendicular to the first guide plane and passing through the axis of the guide shaft and the boss axis of the part after the fixing position is alpha, and the axis direction of any positioning bolt is perpendicular to the second guide plane.
2. The assembly device for thin-walled annular sheet metal parts according to claim 1, wherein the sheet metal parts shrink in diameter to 0.3-0.38mm in a low temperature environment.
3. The assembly device of claim 1, wherein the clamp assembly comprises a plurality of abutment blocks distributed on a base, the abutment blocks compressing a process outer ring on an outer edge of the part against the base when the abutment blocks are bolted to the base.
4. The assembly device of claim 1, wherein the clamp assembly comprises a circumferential positioning block fixed on the base, and the angle between a straight line perpendicular to the first guide plane and passing through the axis of the guide shaft and the axis of the boss is α when the part rotates circumferentially on the base until the boss abuts against the circumferential positioning block.
5. The thin-wall annular sheet metal part assembling device according to claim 1, wherein a through hole for a mandrel to pass through is formed in the die, a rectangular frame is fixed on the die, the center of the rectangular frame coincides with the axis of the die, the inner wall of the rectangular frame forms the inner hole, the rectangular frame comprises a three-side frame with one side being opened and a guide strip for closing the opening, and the inner wall of the guide strip forms the second guide plane.
6. The assembly device for the thin-wall annular sheet metal part according to claim 1, wherein a screw is arranged on one side, facing away from the base, of the guide shaft, the assembly device for the thin-wall annular sheet metal part further comprises a force application assembly, the force application assembly comprises an adapter sleeve and a nut, the adapter sleeve surrounds the outer side of the mandrel, the nut and the nut are coaxially arranged, the nut is in threaded connection with the screw, and the end face of the adapter sleeve is driven to be in engagement with the end face of the adapter sleeve by rotating the nut, so that the die is pressed.
7. The assembly method of the thin-wall annular sheet metal part is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
collecting shrinkage deformation of the sheet metal part under dry ice cooling through theoretical calculation and test, and collecting shrinkage of the sheet metal part under dry ice cooling through theoretical calculation and test data;
designing the mold according to any one of claims 1-6 according to the average value of sheet metal part dry ice cooling shrinkage data;
securing the part to the base of any one of claims 1-6 by the clamp assembly of any one of claims 1-6;
mounting the cooled sheet metal part on the die, and enabling the positioning bolt to pass through the sheet metal hole;
controlling the die to enable a guide shaft on the base to penetrate through an inner hole of the mandrel, and ensuring that a first guide plane and a second guide plane are attached;
applying pressure to the die towards the base to enable the die and the sheet metal part to enter the part and reach a design position;
the sheet metal part returns to normal temperature, the positioning bolt is retracted, and the die is taken out.
Priority Applications (1)
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| CN115283937A (en) | 2022-11-04 |
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