CN115276492A - Slot number phase drawing method, winding phase splitting method and coil short circuit simulation method - Google Patents
Slot number phase drawing method, winding phase splitting method and coil short circuit simulation method Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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Abstract
The invention discloses a slot number phase drawing method, a winding phase splitting method and a coil short circuit simulation method.A fractional slot motor is set to be composed of t unit motors, wherein t is the maximum common divisor of the number of stator slots and the number of pole pairs of the fractional slot motor; let the number of stator slots of the unit motor be Z 0 And the number of pole pairs is p 0 (ii) a Construction of a stator with a number of slots Z 1 The number of pole pairs is p 1 Virtual unit motor of (2), parameter Z thereof 1 And p 1 Has a maximum common divisor of 1, all the stator slots participate in the winding phase splitting, and the phase arrangement of the winding slot number is repeated by t 1 Then, a slot number phase diagram of the whole fractional slot motor is obtained; determining the functional relation between the parameters of the virtual unit motor and the unit motor, and calculating the number Z of the stator slots of the virtual unit motor according to the functional relation 1 Pole pair number p 1 And the number of times of repeated phase arrangement t of winding slots 1 . The invention can reflect the whole motor windingThe unrepeatable minimum unit in the connection rule solves the problem that the motor phase splitting can not be carried out by adopting the unit motor as an odd number of slots.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of motors, in particular to a slot number phase drawing method, a winding phase splitting method and a coil short circuit simulation method.
Background
At present, in a multi-pole low-speed synchronous motor, a fractional slot winding structure can effectively reduce higher harmonic waves of no-load electromotive force, has good electromagnetic performance, and particularly has the advantages of low cogging torque, high motor efficiency and the like for a fractional slot concentrated winding permanent magnet synchronous motor with the pitch of 1, so that the fractional slot winding structure is widely used.
During long-term operation of the fractional-slot motor, a stator winding fault such as an inter-phase short circuit may be caused due to insulation degradation of the stator winding. Aiming at an interphase short circuit fault prototype, on one hand, the prototype is required to be ensured to simulate different winding fault states through different connections of the outgoing lines of the stator winding, and on the other hand, the problem that the three-phase winding of the stator is unbalanced in normal fault-free operation due to the fact that the outgoing lines are additionally arranged is also required to be solved, namely, the impedance balance of the three-phase winding of the stator is ensured as far as possible by reasonably selecting the positions of the outgoing lines, so that the prototype is more suitable for the operation condition of an actual motor. The short-circuit point outgoing line arrangement scheme of the prototype can be determined through a winding development diagram, however, the number of slots of each phase of each pole of the fractional-slot winding is not an integer, the connection rule of the winding is relatively complex, and the winding development diagram is not easy to draw for a motor with multiple slots and multiple poles.
The winding development diagram is drawn according to the winding phase splitting result, the fractional-slot winding phase band division of the multi-slot number and the pole number is complex, and the winding analysis process is simplified by taking a unit motor as an object generally. The motor winding is generally subjected to phase splitting by using a slot potential star diagram, the slot potential star diagram can visually reflect the vector relation of the motor magnetic potential, but the vector numbers of the slot potential star diagram of the fractional slot winding are often staggered, and the connection rule among the windings is not easy to determine under the condition of more slots. In order to make up for the disadvantage, some researchers apply a slot number phase diagram to carry out phase splitting on the windings, and the method is easy to obtain the phase relation among vectors and the connection sequence of the windings, but is suitable for double-layer windings; some researchers propose a cycle number sequence method for winding phase splitting, the method can clearly list winding sequencing rules, but no uniform use rule exists for double-layer windings and single-layer windings, and the calculation process of the cycle number is relatively complex. Therefore, the existing winding phase splitting method is not beneficial to analyzing the setting of the position of the short-circuit point of the winding coil in the manufacturing process of a prototype when the interphase short circuit occurs.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a slot number phase drawing method, a winding phase splitting method and a coil short circuit simulation method for solving the technical problems in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems in the prior art is as follows: a slot number phase picture method, set up the fractional slot electrical machinery to be made up of t unit electrical machinery, t is the maximum common divisor number of stator slot number and pole pair number of the fractional slot electrical machinery; the number of stator slots of the unit motor is set to be Z 0 And the number of pole pairs is p 0 ；
Construction of a stator with a number of slots Z 1 The number of pole pairs is p 1 Virtual unit motor of (2), parameter Z thereof 1 And p 1 Has a maximum common denominator of 1, all stator slots participate in winding phase splitting, and the phase arrangement of the winding slot number is repeated by t 1 Obtaining a slot number phase diagram of the whole fractional slot motor; the functional relationship between the parameters of the virtual unit motor and the unit motor is as follows:
calculating the number Z of the stator slots of the virtual unit motor according to the functional relation 1 Number of pole pairs p 1 And the number of times of phase arrangement repetition t of the winding slots 1 。
Further, the number of the grids of the adjacent two slot numbers which are transversely displaced in the slot number phase diagram is defined as the interval Q between the adjacent slots sp According to the constructed poles of the virtual unit motorSlot matching, determining the number of columns Q and spacing Q between adjacent slots in the slot number phase diagram sp Wherein Q is an integer multiple of 6;
drawing a kp 1 A table of rows Q, each row spanning 360 ° electrical degrees, with k =2 when the motor winding employs a 60 ° phase band, and k =1 when the motor winding employs a 120 ° phase band; when k is 1 or 2, 1 st to p th 1 The number of the grooves in the row is positive, and the grooves start from the first grid of the first row and are shifted by Q to the right each time sp Filling a positive slot number in each cell, and increasing the slot number; when k is 2, from p 1 Starting at the Q/2 th grid of +1 rows, shifting Q to the right each time sp Filling a negative slot number in each cell, and increasing the slot number; the positive slot number indicates that the coil is connected in the same direction, and the negative slot number indicates that the coil is connected in the opposite direction.
Further, the number of stator slots Z of the virtual unit motor 1 Number of pole pairs p 1 Spacing Q of adjacent grooves from corresponding groove number phase diagram sp The column number Q satisfies the following functional relationship:
calculating the column number Q and the adjacent groove interval Q in the groove number phase diagram according to the functional relation sp 。
The invention also provides a winding phase splitting method, which is characterized in that the groove number phase drawing method is utilized to draw a groove number phase drawing, the drawn groove number phase drawing is equally divided into 6 blocks along the direction of a table row, and each block comprises kp 1 The rows and the Q/6 columns of cells correspondingly represent A-X, B-Y and C-Z phase bands from the 1 st, 3 rd and 5 th blocks from the left; and correspondingly representing Z-C, X-A and Y-B phase belts from the 2 nd, 4 th and 6 th blocks on the left, taking out the slot numbers in each phase belt to obtain the slot numbers of the upper edges of the UVW three-phase winding coils, wherein if the virtual unit motors are in a single-layer winding structure, the slot numbers of the virtual unit motors correspond to the slot numbers of odd slots in the original motor, the even slots of the original motor are consistent with the odd slot phase belts, but the flowing direction of conductors in the slots is opposite to that of conductors in the odd slots.
The invention also provides a coil short-circuit simulation method, and different winding coil short-circuit fault states are simulated by short-circuiting different stator winding outgoing lines by using the winding phase splitting method.
Further, the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: determining the number of coils, and numbering the coils to acquire the position information of each coil;
step two: determining the positions of two coils for simulating the generation of interphase short circuit;
step three: and determining a short-circuit coil simulating the short-circuit fault of the coil and a corresponding coil lead-out point position.
Further, in the step one, the total number of the line numbers with the groove numbers in the A-X phase band or the B-Y phase band or the C-Z phase band is taken as the number N of the polar phase groups g The number N of the coils in the same polar phase group are connected in series c As the number of coils in the polar phase group; firstly, determining the number of a slot where the upper layer edge of a first coil of a winding is positioned, then taking the polar phase group where the coil is positioned as an initial group number 1, and numbering the number sequentially until N g (ii) a Then sequentially numbering coils in the polar-phase group until N c (ii) a Using the position information of each coil as Ph ng,nc Wherein Ph represents a U phase, a V phase or a W phase, ng ∈ N g Denotes the polar group number, nc ∈ N c Indicating the number of coils within the polar group.
Furthermore, in the second step, the simulated interphase short circuit occurs between the two phases E and F, wherein the two phases E and F represent two phases in any order of phase sequence in the three phases UVW, and the phase sequence E is set p,q A q-th coil in a p-th polar phase group representing the E phase; let E p,q The corresponding groove number of the upper layer edge is S i,p,q Let E p,q The corresponding groove number of the lower layer edge is S j,p,q (ii) a Traverse S starting from p =1,q =1 j,p,q Confirmation of the slot number S j,p,q Whether it is located within the phase band of phase F; if the groove number S j,p,q In the phase band of the F phase, the corresponding slot number S of the upper layer side in the winding of the F phase is set j,p,q Is F m,n Set up F m,n As an analog short circuit coil in an F-phase winding; set up F m,n The coil of the lower layer side in the corresponding slot number of the upper layer side is used as an E-phase simulation short circuit coil.
And further, leading-out points are arranged at the end parts of the first turns of the two coils which simulate the interphase short circuit and are determined in the step two.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
(1) The virtual unit motor provided by the invention can reflect the unrepeatable minimum unit in the connection rule of the whole motor winding, and solves the problem that the original unit motor concept cannot be used for motor phase splitting under the condition that the unit motor is an odd-number slot.
(2) The invention provides a column number calculation formula of a slot number phase diagram suitable for single-layer and double-layer windings of a fractional slot motor based on the pole slot matching of a virtual unit motor, and the slot number phase diagram direction method is popularized to the phase splitting of a single-layer winding.
(3) The invention utilizes the characteristics of clear phase band division and continuous groove number representation of the improved groove number phase diagram, can directly search the position of a fault coil during interphase short-circuit fault, can quickly and efficiently obtain a setting scheme of the short-circuit coil and a leading-out point, and does not need to draw a complicated three-phase winding development diagram.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a winding split phase and shorted coil setup method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a phase diagram of the slot number of the present invention corresponding to embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is a phase diagram of a double layer winding slot number corresponding to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a phase diagram of the number of even-slot single-layer winding slots according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a phase diagram of odd-slot single-layer winding slot numbers according to example 4 of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a three-phase winding voltage phasor diagram corresponding to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a diagram of the three-phase winding voltage phasor according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a diagram of the three-phase winding voltage phasor according to embodiment 4 of the present invention.
In the figure: u shape phU Representing the voltage synthesis phasor of the U-phase coil of the virtual unit motor; u shape phV Representing the voltage synthetic phasor of the V-phase coil of the virtual unit motor; u shape phW Representing the voltage synthetic phasor of the W-phase coil of the virtual unit motor; ph is ng,nc Indicating position information of each coil, wherein Ph indicates U-phase, V-phase or W-phase, N g Representing the number of pole groups, N, of the machine c Indicating the number of coils belonging to the same polar group. Accordingly, U ng1,nc1 Represents the nc1 coil under the ng1 polar phase group of the U phase, U ng2,nc2 Represents the nc2 coils under the ng2 polar phase group of the V phase. ng1, ng2 ∈ N g Represents the polar phase group number, nc1, nc2 belongs to N c Indicating the number of coils within the polar group.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the contents, features and effects of the invention, reference will now be made to the following examples, which are to be read in connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
referring to fig. 1 to 8, a slot number phase diagram method is provided, in which a fractional slot motor is composed of t unit motors, where t is the greatest common divisor of the number of stator slots and the number of pole pairs of the fractional slot motor; let the number of stator slots of the unit motor be Z 0 And the number of pole pairs is p 0 ；
Construction of a stator with a number of slots Z 1 The number of pole pairs is p 1 Virtual unit motor of (2), parameter Z thereof 1 And p 1 Has a maximum common denominator of 1, all stator slots participate in winding phase splitting, and the phase arrangement of the winding slot numbers is repeated by t 1 Obtaining a slot number phase diagram of the whole fractional slot motor; the functional relationship between the parameters of the virtual unit motor and the unit motor is as follows:
calculating the number Z of the stator slots of the virtual unit motor according to the functional relation 1 Number of pole pairs p 1 And the number of winding slots phase arrangement repeat times t 1 。
Preferably, the number of lattices for the lateral displacement of the adjacent two slot numbers in the slot number phase diagram can be defined as the interval Q between the adjacent slots sp The column number Q and the adjacent slot interval in the slot number phase diagram can be determined according to the pole slot matching of the constructed virtual unit motorQ sp Wherein Q is an integer multiple of 6;
can draw a kp 1 A table of rows Q columns, each row spanning 360 ° electrical angle, k =2 when the motor winding adopts a 60 ° phase belt, k =1 when the motor winding adopts a 120 ° phase belt; when k is 1 or 2, 1 st to p th 1 The slot numbers on the rows can all be positive values, and can start from the first grid of the first row and shift by Q to the right every time sp Filling a positive slot number in each cell, and increasing the slot number progressively; when k is 2, can be selected from p 1 Starting at the Q/2 th grid of +1 lines, shifting Q to the right each time sp Filling a negative slot number in each cell, and increasing the number of the slot number; the positive slot number indicates that the coil is connected in the same direction, and the negative slot number indicates that the coil is connected in the opposite direction.
Preferably, the number of stator slots Z of the virtual unit motor 1 Number of pole pairs p 1 Spacing Q of adjacent grooves from the phase diagram of the corresponding groove number sp The column number Q may satisfy the following functional relationship:
the number of columns Q and the spacing Q between adjacent slots in the slot number phase diagram can be calculated from the above functional relationship sp 。
The invention also provides a winding phase splitting method, which is characterized in that the groove number phase diagram is drawn by using the groove number phase diagram drawing method, the drawn groove number phase diagram is equally divided into 6 blocks along the direction of table rows, and each block comprises kp 1 The rows and the Q/6 columns of cells correspondingly represent A-X, B-Y and C-Z phase bands from the 1 st, 3 rd and 5 th blocks from the left; and correspondingly representing Z-C, X-A and Y-B phase belts from the 2 nd, 4 th and 6 th blocks on the left, taking out the slot numbers in each phase belt to obtain the slot numbers of the upper edges of the UVW three-phase winding coils, wherein if the virtual unit motors are in a single-layer winding structure, the slot numbers of the virtual unit motors correspond to the slot numbers of odd slots in the original motor, the even slots of the original motor are consistent with the odd slot phase belts, but the flowing direction of conductors in the slots is opposite to that of conductors in the odd slots.
The invention also provides a coil short-circuit simulation method, and different winding coil short-circuit fault states are simulated by short-circuiting different stator winding outgoing lines by using the winding phase splitting method.
Preferably, the method may comprise the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: determining the number of coils, and numbering the coils to acquire position information of each coil;
step two: determining the positions of two coils for simulating the generation of interphase short circuit;
step three: and determining a short-circuit coil simulating the short-circuit fault of the coil and a corresponding coil lead-out point position.
Preferably, in step one, the total number of rows having a slot number in the A-X phase band or B-Y phase band or C-Z phase band may be set as the number of polar phase groups N g The number N of coils in the same polar phase group can be connected in series c As the number of coils in the polar phase group; the number of the slot where the upper layer edge of the first coil of the winding is positioned can be determined firstly, then the number of the polar phase group where the coil is positioned is taken as the initial group number 1, and the polar phase groups are numbered sequentially until N g (ii) a Then sequentially numbering coils in the polar-phase group until N c (ii) a The position information of each coil can be used as Ph ng,nc Wherein Ph represents a U phase, a V phase or a W phase, ng ∈ N g Denotes the polar group number, nc ∈ N c Indicating the number of coils within the polar group.
Preferably, in the second step, it can be simulated that interphase short circuit occurs between the two phases E and F, E and F can represent two phases in any order of UVW three phases, and E can be set p,q A q-th coil in a p-th polar phase group representing the E phase; can be provided with E p,q The corresponding groove number of the upper layer edge is S i,p,q Can be provided with E p,q The corresponding groove number of the lower layer edge is S j,p,q (ii) a S can be traversed starting from p =1,q =1 j,p,q To confirm the slot number S j,p,q Whether or not it is within the phase band of phase F; if the groove number S j,p,q In the phase zone of the F phase, the upper layer side of the winding of the F phase can be set with the corresponding slot number S j,p,q Is F m,n Can be provided with F m,n As an analog short-circuit coil in an F-phase winding; can be provided with F m,n The coil of the lower layer side in the upper layer side corresponding to the slot number is used as an E-phase simulation short circuit coil.
Preferably, a lead-out point can be arranged at the end of the first turn of each of the two coils which simulate the interphase short circuit determined in the second step.
The operation and working principle of the present invention are further illustrated in the following by a preferred embodiment of the present invention:
the invention provides a slot number phase diagram method, a winding phase splitting method and a coil short circuit simulation method, which are used for popularizing a slot number phase diagram to the phase splitting of a single-layer winding by introducing the concept of a virtual unit motor, and directly positioning a coil needing short circuit setting by using the slot number phase diagram, thereby avoiding the complex step of drawing a winding development diagram.
1. The slot number phase plot is plotted.
The unit motor is used as a winding analysis object, namely the motor with the greatest common divisor of the number of pole pairs P and the number of slots Z as t =1, the motor is composed of a plurality of unit motors, and the relationship is satisfied when t is the greatest common divisor of the number of slots Z of a stator of the motor and the number of pole pairs P of the motor:
at the moment, t is the number of the unit motors, and the winding distribution rule of the whole motor can be obtained by repeating the winding distribution rule of the unit motors t times. The centralized winding can adopt a single-layer winding structure, and if the unit motor of the single-layer winding has the stator slot number Z 0 An even number, then there is Z 0 2 stator slots participate in winding phase splitting; if the number of stator slots of the single-layer winding unit motor is odd, two units are used as the minimum analysis object of the winding, and Z exists 0 And one stator slot participates in winding phase splitting.
The implementation steps for drawing the groove number phase diagram are as follows:
step A1, constructing a virtual unit motor.
The invention constructs a Z 1 Groove p 1 The maximum common divisor between the numbers of pole slots of the virtual unit motor of the opposite poles is 1, and all the fixed poles are connected with the motorThe subslot participates in phase splitting of the winding, and repeats t 1 And obtaining the winding connection rule of the whole motor according to the winding connection rule of the secondary virtual unit motor.
According to the pole slot matching of the unit motor, the following results are obtained:
step A2, calculating the column number Q and the adjacent groove interval Q in the groove number phase diagram sp 。
The phase diagram of slot number is composed of a 2p 1 The table in row Q columns is organized with each row spanning 360 electrical degrees and the slot numbers in the first p rows are all positive and the slot numbers in the last p rows are all negative. The positive value of the slot number indicates that the coil enters from the upper layer to the lower layer and exits in the coil connection process, namely the coil is in direct connection; a negative slot number indicates a reverse coil connection. The winding phase splitting adopts a 60-degree phase belt, 120 degrees belongs to the special case of the 60-degree phase belt, at the moment, the column number Q needs to be divided by 6, otherwise, the phase belt of an integral grid can not be divided.
Defining adjacent slot spacing Q sp The number of columns Q and the interval Q between adjacent slots are obtained by matching the pole slots of the constructed virtual unit motor sp Satisfies the relationship:
and step A3, drawing a table and filling the number of the stator slot.
Drawing a sheet of 2p 1 Table of rows Q columns, top p 1 The lines start from the first grid and meet Q in the increasing order of the groove numbers sp Filling a slot number in each cell; rear p 1 The lines are sequentially crossed with Q from Q/2 grids according to the increasing groove numbers sp The cells are filled with a slot number, and a negative sign is added before the slot number. If a 120-degree phase band is adopted, no negative groove number row exists, and other processes are unchanged.
2. And carrying out phase splitting on the motor winding according to the drawn slot number phase diagram.
Divide the table equally into 6 2p along the direction of the table column 1 And (3) small tables in a row Q/6 column, wherein the 1 st, the 3 rd and the 5 th small tables respectively represent A-X, B-Y and C-Z phase belts, the number of the slot in each phase belt is taken out, so that the number of the slot at the upper layer of the UVW three-phase winding coil can be obtained, if the UVW three-phase winding coil is in a single-layer winding structure, the numbers of the slots of the virtual unit motors correspond to the numbers of the odd-numbered slots in the original motor, the even-numbered slots of the original motor are consistent with the odd-numbered slots of the original motor, but the flowing direction of conductors in the slots is opposite to the flowing direction of conductors in the odd-numbered slots. Obtaining the winding connection rule of the virtual unit motor according to the increasing direction of the positive and negative of the slot number and the absolute value of the slot number, and repeating t 1 The winding connection rule of the whole motor can be obtained after the winding connection rule is repeated.
3. And setting a coil short-circuit outgoing line to simulate the short-circuit fault of the motor according to the drawn slot number phase diagram and the motor winding phase splitting.
In the drawn slot number phase diagram, the increasing direction of the slot number of each phase band indicates the connecting direction of the coil, and the slot number phase diagram indicates the position relationship between the phase bands, so that the position analysis of a short-circuited coil and a leading-out point can be directly carried out by the aid of the slot number phase diagram, and the method comprises the following steps of:
and B1, determining the number of coils.
The coils are numbered according to the rule of firstly numbering the polar phase groups and then numbering the coils in the polar phase groups, and the total number of the polar phase groups and the number of the coils in the groups need to be determined before formal numbering is carried out.
The total number of slots in a phase zone on the slot number phase diagram represents the number of bus turns on a phase of the virtual unit motor, one row of the table represents one pair of poles of the motor, and the total number of rows with slot numbers under the A-X phase zone is counted as N g And the total number is the total number of the polar phase groups. Polar group consisting of N in group c The number of the coils is determined by the number of the square lattices with the slot numbers in one line of the A-X phase belt.
And B2, numbering the coils.
Determining the number of a slot where the upper layer edge of the first coil of the winding is positioned on the principle of reducing the length of the gap bridge wire, taking the polar phase group where the coil is positioned as an initial group number 1, and numbering the number sequentially until N g Then sequentially opposite to the polar phase group internal wiringNumbering rings until N c . Whereby the position information of each coil can be used with the variable Ph ng,nc Wherein Ph is represented by U phase, V phase or W phase, ng ∈ N g Expressed as a polar phase group number, nc is epsilon N c Indicating the number of coils in the group.
And B3, searching two coil positions with interphase short circuit.
Setting the interphase short circuit between the two UV phases, starting from the first coil U in the first polar phase group under the U phase 1,1 The search for coil positions of inter-phase short-circuit points on the UV two phases is started. Is provided with U p,q The corresponding groove number of the upper layer edge is S i,p,q Is provided with U p,q The corresponding groove number of the lower layer edge is S j,p,q (ii) a From coil U of U phase 1,1 Starting the search, its upper layer edge corresponds to the slot number S i,1,1 Is known, the pitch of the coil is known, and then U can be calculated 1,1 Lower layer side groove number S j,1,1 (ii) a The groove number S is judged j,1,1 Whether or not it falls within the V-phase band. If the phase band falls into the V-phase band, searching the V-phase winding by S j,1,1 The coil position is the position of the short-circuit coil of the V phase; otherwise, the next coil U of the U phase is driven 1,2 Starting to search, the upper layer edge slot number is S i,1,2 The number of the lower layer side groove is S j,1,2 . In the same way, search for S j,1,2 The position of the coil is located in the phase zone, and the process is repeated until the position of the short-circuit coil of the V phase is found, and the position information is recorded as V ng2,nc2 And the number of the upper layer side slot corresponding to the position of the V-phase short circuit coil is S m With S m The coil as the lower layer side slot number is a U-phase short circuit coil, and the position information is U ng1,nc1 . If the interphase short circuit occurs between two phases VW or UW, the same searching method is adopted.
And step B4, determining the positions of a short-circuit coil and a leading-out point of the phase winding.
Setting the coil found in the step B3 as U ng1,nc1 And V ng2,nc2 From the viewpoint of three-phase balance, ph of each phase winding ng1,nc1 And Ph ng2,nc2 All are short-circuit coils, and the first turn ends of the coils are provided with leading-out points, thereby finding out short circuit in the event of interphase short circuit faultArrangement scheme of the coil.
The method of the invention is described below with reference to figure 1 and a specific motor embodiment 1:
in specific embodiment 1, the number Z =30 of stator slots and the number p =2 of pole pairs of the motor are provided, the winding adopts a double-layer stacked winding structure, and the pitch y of the motor is provided 1 =6, the number of slots per pole per phase is:
aiming at the specific embodiment 1, the method of the invention is realized as follows:
(1) And (4) splitting phases of the fractional-slot winding.
Step 1: and constructing a virtual unit motor.
Slot number Z of unit motor of motor in specific embodiment 0 =15, number of pole pairs p 0 =1, since it adopts a double-layer winding structure, the number of slots, the number of pole pairs, and the number of repetitions of the motor of the virtual unit are:
step 2: calculating the number of columns Q and the spacing Q between adjacent grooves in the phase diagram of the groove number sp 。
According to the number of pole slots of the virtual unit motor, the slot number phase diagram of the virtual unit motor is composed of a table with 2 rows and Q columns, each transverse row spans 360 degrees of electrical angle, the slot numbers on the first row are all positive values, and the slot numbers on the second row are all negative values. The positive value of the slot number indicates that the coil corresponding to the coil connection process enters from the upper layer and exits from the lower layer, namely the coil is in direct connection; a negative slot number indicates a reverse coil connection.
Defining adjacent slot spacings Q sp The number of the lattices in which the adjacent grooves advance in the slot number phase diagram is shown. Number of virtual unit motor slots Z constructed 1 If =15 is an odd number, the number of columns Q and the interval Q between adjacent grooves in the groove number phase diagram sp Comprises the following steps:
and 3, step 3: the table is drawn and the stator slot numbers are filled.
The column number Q and the adjacent groove interval Q are calculated according to the step 2 sp Drawing a table with 2 rows and 30 columns, and filling a slot number in 2 cells in the ascending order of the slot number from the first cell in the first row; the second row fills a slot number in 2 cells in the increasing order of the slot number from the 15 th cell, and a minus sign is added before the slot number. The slot number phase diagram of the resulting virtual cell motor is shown in fig. 2. The phase-band relationship of the windings in fig. 2 is clear and, like the slot potential star plot, can represent the vector relationship for each slot.
And 4, step 4: and (5) carrying out phase belt division.
The tables are equally divided into 6 small tables with 2 rows and 5 columns along the direction of the table columns, the 1 st, the 3 rd and the 5 th small tables are framed, the three small tables respectively represent A-X, B-Y and C-Z phase bands, and the slot numbers in each phase band are taken out, so that the slot numbers of the upper layer of the UVW three-phase winding coil can be obtained.
As can be seen from the results of fig. 2, the U-phase is assigned slot numbers 1 (forward), 2 (forward), 3 (forward), 9 (reverse), and 10 (reverse), the V-phase is assigned slot numbers 6 (forward), 7 (forward), 8 (forward), 14 (reverse), and 15 (reverse), and the W-phase is assigned slot numbers 11 (forward), 12 (forward), 13 (forward), 4 (reverse), and 5 (reverse), in the order of connection of the coils. And repeating the winding distribution of the virtual unit motor twice to obtain the winding connection rule of the complete motor.
(2) A simulated short-circuit fault setting method based on a slot number phase diagram.
The three-phase relation of the virtual unit motor winding is complete, so that the fault coil can be directly determined by the coil of the virtual unit motor.
Step 1: the number of coils is determined.
The coils are numbered according to the rule of firstly numbering the polar phase groups and then numbering the coils in the groups, and the total number of the polar phase groups and the number of the coils in the groups need to be determined before formal numbering is carried out.
Phase diagram of groove numberThe total number of slots in a phase zone represents the number of bus turns on a phase of the virtual unit motor, a row of the table represents a pair of poles of the motor, and the total number of rows with slot numbers in the A-X phase zone is counted as N g And =2, the total number is the total number of polar groups. Polar group is composed of group N c The coils are connected in series, and the number of the coils is determined by grids with groove numbers in a line of an A-X phase belt. As can be seen from fig. 2, the virtual unit motor of embodiment 1 has 2 polar phase groups, and the number N of coils in each polar phase group c Respectively 3 and 2.
Step 2: and carrying out coil numbering.
And determining the number of the slot where the upper layer side of the first coil of the winding is positioned on the basis of reducing the length of the gap bridge wire. In fig. 2, the numbers of the upper side slots of the first U, V and W phases of the coil are respectively: 1. 6 and 11. The polar phase group where the first coil is located is used as an initial group with the number of 1, and the polar phase group is sequentially numbered until N g Then sequentially numbering the coils in the polar phase group till N c . Whereby the position information of each coil can be used with the variable Ph ng,nc Wherein Ph is represented by a U phase, a V phase or a W phase, ng ∈ N g Expressed as a polar phase group number, nc is epsilon N c Indicating the number of coils in the group.
And 3, step 3: two coil positions where an inter-phase short circuit occurs are searched.
Setting the interphase short circuit between the two UV phases, starting from the first coil U under the U phase 1,1 The search for coils added to the V phase is started. In the embodiment 1, the motor pitch y1 is 6, U 1,1 The slot number of the lower layer side is 7, the slot number 7 is searched in the V-phase band, as shown in figure 2, the slot number 7 appears in the V-phase band, and therefore U is arranged 1,1 Determined as a shorted turn. Meanwhile, the slot number 7 corresponds to the V of the V-phase winding 1,2 And the coil is a V-phase short circuit coil.
And 4, step 4: and determining the positions of the short-circuit coil and the leading-out point of the phase winding.
From the viewpoint of three-phase balance, according to the coil U found 1,1 And V 1,2 Ng and nc information, short circuit coil of U phase is set as U 1,1 、U 1,2 The short-circuit coil of the V phase is set to be V 1,1 、V 1,2 W-phase short-circuit coil is set as W 1,1 、W 1,2 The end of the first turn of each shorted turn will be provided with a take-off point.
The invention can simplify the winding connection rule of the non-unit motor by using the virtual unit motor, and can quickly and efficiently obtain the short circuit coil arrangement scheme in the phase-to-phase short circuit by directly using the slot number phase diagram of the virtual unit motor without drawing a complex winding development diagram.
In order to illustrate that the slot number phase diagram method provided by the invention can unify the winding phase splitting of single-layer and double-layer fractional slots, three fractional slot motors adopting centralized winding are further taken as an example for description, and the basic parameters of the motors are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 basic parameters of the electric machine for the specific examples
The calculation results of the pole slot matching of the virtual unit motor corresponding to the specific embodiments 2, 3 and 4 are given in table 1. According to the pole slot matching parameters of the virtual unit motor, the basic parameters of the obtained respective slot number phase diagram are as follows:
in the formula, Q 2 、Q 3 、Q 4 The number of columns, Q, corresponding to the phase diagram of the slot number in embodiments 2, 3, 4 sp2 、Q sp3 、Q sp4 Is the spacing between adjacent grooves of three embodiments.
The slot number phase diagrams for each embodiment are drawn in turn, as shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5. Fig. 3 corresponds to embodiment 2, fig. 4 corresponds to embodiment 3, and fig. 5 corresponds to embodiment 4. In order to verify the correctness of the phase splitting of the slot number phase diagram, a three-phase voltage phasor diagram is drawn according to the phase splitting result, as shown in figures 6, 7 and 8. Fig. 6 corresponds to embodiment 2, fig. 7 corresponds to embodiment 3, and fig. 8 corresponds to embodiment 4. The single-layer winding restores the lower layer of the corresponding coil, so that the number of the stator slots of the virtual unit motor in the specific embodiments 3 and 4 is doubled, and the slot numbers on the slot number phase diagram correspond to the odd slots of the restored stator slots. The three-phase voltage phasor diagram shows that the resultant phasor of the three-phase winding is symmetrical, so that the winding phase-splitting method can unify the winding phase-splitting rules of single-layer fractional slots and double-layer fractional slots.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and to implement the same, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by the embodiments, i.e. equivalent variations or modifications made within the spirit of the present invention are still within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A slot number phase mapping method is characterized in that a fractional slot motor is composed of t unit motors, wherein t is the greatest common divisor of the number of stator slots and the number of pole pairs of the fractional slot motor; let the number of stator slots of the unit motor be Z 0 And the number of pole pairs is p 0 ；
Construction of a stator with a number of slots Z 1 The number of polar pairs is p 1 Virtual unit motor of (1), parameter Z thereof 1 And p 1 Has a maximum common divisor of 1, all stator slots participate in winding phase splitting, and the phase arrangement of the winding slot numbers is repeated by t 1 Obtaining a slot number phase diagram of the whole fractional slot motor; the functional relationship between the parameters of the virtual unit motor and the unit motor is as follows:
calculating the number Z of the stator slots of the virtual unit motor according to the functional relation 1 Number of pole pairs p 1 And the number of winding slots phase arrangement repetition number t 1 。
2. The slot number phase mapping method of claim 1, wherein the number of lattices in which two adjacent slot numbers are laterally displaced in the slot number phase map is defined as an adjacent slot spacing Q sp Determining the column number Q and the adjacent slot interval Q in the slot number phase diagram according to the pole slot matching of the constructed virtual unit motor sp Wherein Q is an integer multiple of 6;
drawing a kp 1 A table of rows Q, each row spanning 360 ° electrical degrees, with k =2 when the motor winding employs a 60 ° phase band, and k =1 when the motor winding employs a 120 ° phase band; when k is 1 or 2, 1 st to p th 1 The number of the grooves on the line is positive, starting from the first grid of the first line, each time the shift is Q sp Filling a positive slot number in each cell, and increasing the slot number progressively; when k is 2, from p 1 Starting at the Q/2 th grid of +1 rows, shifting Q to the right each time sp Filling a negative slot number in each cell, and increasing the slot number progressively; the positive slot number indicates that the coil is connected in the same direction, and the negative slot number indicates that the coil is connected in the opposite direction.
3. The slot number phase patterning method of claim 2, wherein the number of stator slots Z of the virtual unit motor 1 Number of pole pairs p 1 Spacing Q of adjacent grooves from the phase diagram of the corresponding groove number sp The column number Q satisfies the following functional relationship:
calculating the number of columns Q and the spacing Q between adjacent grooves in the phase diagram of the groove number according to the functional relationship sp 。
4. A winding phase splitting method characterized by drawing a slot number phase diagram by the slot number phase drawing method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, dividing the drawn slot number phase diagram equally into 6 blocks in the direction of the table row, each block comprising kp 1 The rows and the columns of Q/6 are small grids, and the 1 st, 3 th and 5 th blocks from the left correspondingly represent phase bands A-X, B-Y and C-Z; correspondingly representing Z-C, X-A and Y-B phase belts from the 2 nd, 4 th and 6 th blocks on the left, taking out the slot numbers in each phase belt to obtain the slot numbers of the upper edges of the UVW three-phase winding coils, and if the UVW three-phase winding coils are in a single-layer winding structure, the slot numbers of the virtual unit motors correspond to the slot numbers of odd slots in the original motorThe even number slots and the odd number slots of the original motor are identical in phase belt, but the conductor flowing direction in the slots is opposite to the conductor flowing direction of the odd number slots.
5. A coil short circuit simulation method is characterized in that different winding coil short circuit fault states are simulated by short-circuiting different stator winding leading-out wires by using the winding phase splitting method of claim 4.
6. The coil short-circuit simulation method according to claim 5, characterized in that the method comprises the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: determining the number of coils, and numbering the coils to acquire position information of each coil;
step two: determining the positions of two coils for simulating the generation of interphase short circuit;
step three: and determining a short-circuit coil simulating the short-circuit fault of the coil and a corresponding coil lead-out point position.
7. The method for simulating a coil short circuit according to claim 6, wherein in the first step, the total number of the rows having the slot numbers in the A-X phase band, the B-Y phase band, or the C-Z phase band is determined as the number of the pole groups N g The number N of the coils in the same polar phase group are connected in series c As the number of coils in the polar phase group; firstly, determining the number of a slot where the upper layer edge of a first coil of a winding is positioned, then taking the polar phase group where the coil is positioned as an initial group number 1, and numbering the number sequentially until N g (ii) a Then numbering the coils in the polar phase group in sequence until N c (ii) a Using the position information of each coil as Ph ng,nc Wherein Ph represents a U phase, a V phase or a W phase, ng ∈ N g Denotes the polar group number, nc ∈ N c Indicating the number of coils within the polar group.
8. The method for simulating coil short circuit according to claim 6, wherein in the second step, the simulated interphase short circuit occurs between two phases E and F, wherein E and F represent two phases in any sequence of three UVW phases, and E is defined as p,q P-th polar group representing E phaseAn inner q-th coil; let E p,q The corresponding groove number of the upper layer edge is S i,p,q Let E p,q The corresponding groove number of the lower layer edge is S j,p,q (ii) a Traversal S starting from p =1,q =1 j,p,q To confirm the slot number S j,p,q Whether it is located within the phase band of phase F; if the groove number S j,p,q In the phase zone of the F phase, the upper layer side of the winding of the F phase is set to correspond to the slot number S j,p,q Is F m,n Set up F m,n As an analog short circuit coil in the F-phase winding; set up F m,n The coil of the lower layer side in the upper layer side corresponding to the slot number is used as an E-phase simulation short circuit coil.
9. The coil short-circuit simulation method according to claim 6, wherein a lead-out point is provided at the end of the first turn of each of the two coils determined to simulate the inter-phase short circuit in the second step.
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