CN115276392B - Power supply unit and server power supply system - Google Patents
Power supply unit and server power supply system Download PDFInfo
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- CN115276392B CN115276392B CN202210939361.7A CN202210939361A CN115276392B CN 115276392 B CN115276392 B CN 115276392B CN 202210939361 A CN202210939361 A CN 202210939361A CN 115276392 B CN115276392 B CN 115276392B
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 136
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H11/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for preventing the switching-on in case an undesired electric working condition might result
- H02H11/006—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for preventing the switching-on in case an undesired electric working condition might result in case of too high or too low voltage
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Abstract
The application is suitable for the technical field of power supply, and particularly discloses a power supply unit and a server power supply system, which structurally comprise a power supply body, a power input pin, a power output pin, an auxiliary detection pin and a detection receiving pin which are arranged outside the power supply body from the outside, and internally comprise a power conversion module arranged between the power input pin and the power output pin, a first voltage conversion circuit arranged between the output end of the power conversion module and the auxiliary detection pin, and a detection controller for controlling the power conversion module and the first voltage conversion circuit, so that the universality of pins, forms, starting modes and the like of different types of power supply units is realized; the power supply unit is electrically foolproof by designing the output voltage of the power supply conversion module corresponding to the type of the power supply unit, the working state of the first voltage conversion circuit and the detection rule of the detection controller, so that damage to the rear end part caused by wrong connection of a user is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of power technologies, and in particular, to a power supply unit and a server power supply system.
Background
With the development of autopilot, artificial intelligence, big data and cloud computing applications, the computational demands on data centers are also increasing. On a server with large-scale improved computing power, a unit needing power supply comprises a graphic processor/OCP association acceleration module (Graphic Processing Unit, GPU/OCP Accelerator Module, OAM) module besides a traditional central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), a memory, a hard disk and other modules. Because of the large power consumption, in order to improve the utilization rate of energy and reduce transmission loss, a 54V power supply unit (Power Supply Unit, PSU), that is, a voltage conversion unit for converting the input mains supply into 54V direct current, is generally used for supplying power. In addition to the 54V power supply unit, the power supply of the CPU/memory of the server is provided by voltage conversion of the 12V power supply unit (i.e. the voltage conversion unit for converting the input mains supply into 12V dc). Thereby bringing about the application problems of the 54V power supply unit and the 12V power supply unit on the same server.
When the system is designed, a traditional method adopts a 54V-to-12V voltage conversion module, 54V direct current is firstly converted into 12V direct current, then 12V direct current is converted into other needed voltage values in the system through voltage regulators (Voltage Regulator, VR), and high-power devices such as a GPU and the like are directly powered by a 54V power supply unit. Because the 54V to 12V voltage conversion module is incompatible in various factories, the scheme has the problems of poor supply and high cost.
In addition, there are also different power boards, and the scheme of selecting different power supply units with different output voltages to respectively provide 54V direct current and 12V direct current is adopted, so as to avoid the problems of poor universality and cost of the 54V-12V voltage conversion module. There are generally two alternative designs for this case. The first scheme is that a 54V power supply unit and a 12V power supply unit adopt completely different interfaces, including definition of output pins (Pin), morphological size, starting mode and the like, but the power supply unit provided by the scheme is only special for projects, which is not beneficial to the universality of the power supply unit; in addition, in the system design, due to different peripheral designs of different power supply units, the consistency of the system design cannot be ensured; meanwhile, when the power supply unit performs factory testing, the 54V power supply unit and the 12V power supply unit cannot share the same set of testing production line, so that the production cost is increased, and the later maintenance and the overall cost control of the power supply unit are unfavorable. The second scheme is to define the 54V power supply unit and the 12V power supply unit by adopting the same pins (Pin), and then to make fool-proof design on the shape (structure), although the problem of poor universality of the first scheme can be solved, in the research and development process and in the production of the system board card, no chassis (shape and structure) is fool-proof at the moment, and the risk of misplacement of the 54V power supply unit and the 12V power supply unit can occur.
If the 54V power supply unit is connected to the 12V power supply unit in a staggered manner, the device on the 12V power supply link is broken down by high voltage, which results in the system being shorted and burned.
The technical problem to be solved by the person skilled in the art is to provide a multi-type power supply scheme which has universality and can realize electric foolproof.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a power supply unit and a server power supply system, which are used for realizing the universality of different types of power supply units and realizing the electrical foolproof of preventing the power supply units from being connected by mistake.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a power supply unit, comprising: the power supply body is arranged in the power supply body, comprises a power supply conversion module, a detection controller, a first voltage conversion circuit, a power supply input pin, a power supply output pin, an auxiliary detection pin and a detection receiving pin, wherein the power supply input pin, the power supply output pin, the auxiliary detection pin and the detection receiving pin are displayed outside the power supply body;
the power conversion module is arranged between the power input pin and the power output pin and is used for converting input commercial power into direct-current voltage output of the type corresponding to the power supply unit, and a controlled end of the power conversion module is connected with a first control end of the detection controller; the first voltage conversion circuit is arranged between the output end of the power conversion module and the auxiliary detection pin, and the controlled end of the first voltage conversion circuit is connected with the second control end of the detection controller; the signal input end of the detection controller is connected with the detection receiving pin;
The auxiliary detection pin and/or the detection receiving pin are/is used for being connected with an auxiliary detection circuit arranged on the server board card after the power supply unit is connected with the power connector;
the detection controller is used for closing the output of the power conversion module when the detection voltage value at the detection pin meets the power misconnection threshold range of the corresponding type of the power supply unit.
Optionally, the power supply further comprises a second voltage conversion circuit and a third voltage dividing resistor which are arranged in the power supply body;
the second voltage conversion circuit is arranged between the output end of the power conversion module and the first end of the third voltage dividing resistor and is used for converting the output voltage of the power conversion module into first voltage; the second end of the third voltage dividing resistor is connected with the signal input end of the detection controller;
correspondingly, the auxiliary detection circuit corresponding to the 12V power supply unit comprises a first voltage dividing resistor and a second voltage dividing resistor, wherein the first end of the first voltage dividing resistor is used for being connected with the auxiliary detection pin, the second end of the first voltage dividing resistor is connected with the first end of the second voltage dividing resistor and used for being connected with the detection receiving pin, and the second end of the second voltage dividing resistor is grounded;
If the power supply unit is the 12V power supply unit, the detection controller turns off the output of the first voltage conversion circuit; and if the power supply unit is a 54V power supply unit, the detection controller controls the first voltage conversion circuit to output a second voltage.
Optionally, the auxiliary detection circuit corresponding to the 54V power supply unit includes a first programmable controller and a first switch;
the power supply end of the first programmable controller is connected with the output end of the voltage regulator, the input end of the voltage regulator is used for being connected with the power output pin of the 12V power supply unit, the first control end of the first programmable controller is connected with the controlled end of the first switch, the first end of the first switch is used for being connected with the detection receiving pin of the 54V power supply unit, and the second end of the first switch is grounded;
the first programmable controller is used for controlling the first switch to be conducted after power is supplied.
Optionally, the power supply misconnection threshold range corresponding to the 12V power supply unit and the power supply misconnection threshold range corresponding to the 54V power supply unit are both specifically greater than a voltage misconnection threshold;
The voltage error connection threshold meets the following conditions:
V1×R2/(R2+R3)<V0<(R1×R2×V1+R2×R3×V2)/(R1×R3+R2×R3+R1×R2)；
wherein V0 is the voltage error threshold, V1 is the voltage value of the first voltage, V2 is the voltage value of the second voltage, R1 is the resistance value of the first voltage dividing resistor, R2 is the resistance value of the second voltage dividing resistor, and R3 is the resistance value of the third voltage dividing resistor.
Optionally, the system further comprises an alarm connected with the detection controller;
the detection controller is also used for controlling the alarm to alarm when the detection voltage value at the detection pin meets the power supply misconnection threshold range of the corresponding type of the power supply unit.
In order to solve the technical problems, the application also provides a server power supply system, which comprises a power supply unit and an auxiliary detection circuit arranged on a server board card;
the power supply unit comprises a power supply body, a power supply conversion module, a detection controller, a first voltage conversion circuit, a power supply input pin, a power supply output pin, an auxiliary detection pin and a detection receiving pin, wherein the power supply conversion module, the detection controller and the first voltage conversion circuit are arranged in the power supply body;
the power conversion module is arranged between the power input pin and the power output pin and is used for converting input commercial power into direct-current voltage output of the type corresponding to the power supply unit, and the controlled end of the power conversion module is connected with the first control end of the detection controller; the first voltage conversion circuit is arranged between the output end of the power conversion module and the auxiliary detection pin, and the controlled end of the first voltage conversion circuit is connected with the second control end of the detection controller; the signal input end of the detection controller is connected with the detection receiving pin;
The auxiliary detection circuit is arranged on the server board card, and the auxiliary detection pin and/or the detection receiving pin are/is connected with the auxiliary detection circuit after the power supply unit is connected with the power connector;
the detection controller is used for closing the output of the power conversion module when the detection voltage value at the detection pin meets the power misconnection threshold range of the corresponding type of the power supply unit.
Optionally, the power supply unit further includes a second voltage conversion circuit and a third voltage dividing resistor disposed inside the power supply body;
the second voltage conversion circuit is arranged between the output end of the power conversion module and the first end of the third voltage dividing resistor and is used for converting the output voltage of the power conversion module into first voltage; the second end of the third voltage dividing resistor is connected with the signal input end of the detection controller;
correspondingly, the auxiliary detection circuit corresponding to the 12V power supply unit comprises a first voltage dividing resistor and a second voltage dividing resistor, wherein the first end of the first voltage dividing resistor is used for being connected with the auxiliary detection pin, the second end of the first voltage dividing resistor is connected with the first end of the second voltage dividing resistor and used for being connected with the detection receiving pin, and the second end of the second voltage dividing resistor is grounded;
If the power supply unit is the 12V power supply unit, the detection controller turns off the output of the first voltage conversion circuit; and if the power supply unit is a 54V power supply unit, the detection controller controls the first voltage conversion circuit to output a second voltage.
Optionally, the auxiliary detection circuit corresponding to the 54V power supply unit includes a first programmable controller and a first switch;
the power supply end of the first programmable controller is connected with the output end of the voltage regulator, the input end of the voltage regulator is used for being connected with the power output pin of the 12V power supply unit, the first control end of the first programmable controller is connected with the controlled end of the first switch, the first end of the first switch is used for being connected with the detection receiving pin of the 54V power supply unit, and the second end of the first switch is grounded;
the first programmable controller is used for controlling the first switch to be conducted after power is supplied.
Optionally, the power supply misconnection threshold range corresponding to the 12V power supply unit and the power supply misconnection threshold range corresponding to the 54V power supply unit are both specifically greater than a voltage misconnection threshold;
The voltage error connection threshold meets the following conditions:
V1×R2/(R2+R3)<V0<(R1×R2×V1+R2×R3×V2)/(R1×R3+R2×R3+R1×R2)；
wherein V0 is the voltage error threshold, V1 is the voltage value of the first voltage, V2 is the voltage value of the second voltage, R1 is the resistance value of the first voltage dividing resistor, R2 is the resistance value of the second voltage dividing resistor, and R3 is the resistance value of the third voltage dividing resistor.
Optionally, the first switches are in one-to-one correspondence with the power connectors corresponding to the 54V power supply units;
the first programmable controller is also used for controlling the first switch of the corresponding 54V power supply unit to be turned on or off according to the command of the host side.
Optionally, the system further comprises an alarm connected with the detection controller;
the detection controller is also used for controlling the alarm to alarm when the detection voltage value at the detection pin meets the power supply misconnection threshold range of the corresponding type of the power supply unit.
Optionally, the method further comprises: the second programmable controller and the second switch are arranged on the server board card and correspond to the 12V power supply unit;
the power supply end of the second programmable controller is connected with the output end of the voltage regulator, the input end of the voltage regulator is used for being connected with the power output pin of the 12V power supply unit, the first control end of the second programmable controller is connected with the controlled end of the second switch, the second switch is arranged in an auxiliary detection circuit corresponding to the 12V power supply unit, and the second switch corresponds to the power connectors corresponding to the 12V power supply unit one by one;
The second programmable controller is used for controlling the second switch of the corresponding 12V power supply unit to be turned on or off according to the command of the host side.
The power supply unit provided by the application structurally comprises a power supply body, a power input pin, a power output pin, an auxiliary detection pin and a detection receiving pin which are arranged outside the power supply body, and structurally comprises a power conversion module arranged between the power input pin and the power output pin, a first voltage conversion circuit arranged between the output end of the power conversion module and the auxiliary detection pin and a detection controller for controlling the power conversion module and the first voltage conversion circuit, wherein the power supply unit is internally provided with the universality of pins, forms, starting modes and the like; the mode that the output voltage of the power supply conversion module, the working state of the first voltage conversion circuit and the detection controller are designed to judge whether the voltage at the detection receiving pin meets the power supply misconnection threshold range corresponds to the type of the power supply unit, so that the electric foolproof of the power supply unit is realized, namely, when a user misconnects the power supply unit, the power supply unit does not work, and system faults are avoided.
The application also provides a server power supply system, which has the beneficial effects and is not described herein.
Drawings
For a clearer description of embodiments of the application or of the prior art, the drawings that are used in the description of the embodiments or of the prior art will be briefly described, it being apparent that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the application, and that other drawings can be obtained from them without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a power supply unit according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a server power supply system according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a 12V power supply unit according to an embodiment of the present application when the 12V power supply unit is correctly connected;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit of a 54V power supply unit in case of erroneous connection according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a power-on timing error according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a power-on timing chart of a power panel according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a control schematic diagram of a power panel multi-power supply unit according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The core of the application is to provide a power supply unit and a server power supply system, which are used for realizing the universality of different types of power supply units and realizing the electrical foolproof of preventing the power supply units from being connected by mistake.
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
Example 1
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a power supply unit according to an embodiment of the present application; fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a server power supply system according to an embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 1, a power supply unit provided in an embodiment of the present application includes: the power supply body, the power supply conversion module M, the detection controller U1 and the first voltage conversion circuit (not shown in fig. 1, arranged between the power supply conversion module M and the endpoint marked with V2) which are arranged inside the power supply body, and a power supply input pin Vin, a power supply output pin Vout, an auxiliary detection pin A and a detection receiving pin B which are displayed outside the power supply body;
The power conversion module M is arranged between a power input pin Vin and a power output pin Vout and is used for converting input commercial power into direct-current voltage output of the type corresponding to the power supply unit, and a controlled end of the power conversion module M is connected with a first control end of the detection controller U1; the first voltage conversion circuit is arranged between the output end of the power conversion module M and the auxiliary detection pin A, and the controlled end of the first voltage conversion circuit is connected with the second control end of the detection controller U1; the signal input end of the detection controller U1 is connected with the detection receiving pin B;
the auxiliary detection pin A and/or the detection receiving pin B are/is used for being connected with an auxiliary detection circuit arranged on the server board card after the power supply unit is connected with the power connector;
the detection controller U1 is configured to close the output of the power conversion module M when the detected voltage value at the detection pin meets a power misconnection threshold range of a type corresponding to the power supply unit.
It should be noted that, as explained in the background section of the present application, a common power supply unit in a server is divided into two types of 12V power supply units (also referred to as P12V PSU) and 54V power supply units (also referred to as P54V PSU) from the output voltage level. However, the scheme provided by the embodiment of the application can also be applied to power supply units with more models.
In a specific implementation, in terms of a general design, the power supply unit provided by the embodiment of the application structurally comprises a power supply body, a power input pin Vin, a power output pin Vout, an auxiliary detection pin a and a detection receiving pin B which are arranged outside the power supply body, and structurally comprises a power conversion module M arranged between the power input pin Vin and the power output pin Vout, a first voltage conversion circuit arranged between the output end of the power conversion module M and the auxiliary detection pin a and a detection controller U1 used for controlling the power conversion module M and the first voltage conversion circuit from the external, so that the universality of pins, forms, starting modes and the like of different types of power supply units is realized, namely, the same peripheral design can be adopted for different types of power supply units, the same set of test production line is shared, and the test fixture with the same structure is adopted, so that the problem of system supply is effectively solved, the consistency of factory test is realized, and the production cost and the application cost is reduced.
The power input pin Vin is used for being connected with an alternating current power supply (usually, commercial power), and the power output pin Vout, the auxiliary detection pin a and the detection receiving pin B are respectively in butt joint with corresponding pins on the power connector. Correspondingly, in the design of the power connectors, the power connectors corresponding to the power supply units of different types can be designed to be identical in pin arrangement, so that the consistency of pins is realized. Depending on the actual design requirements, some pins on the power connector may be left empty.
Optionally, the power supply unit provided by the embodiment of the application may be further provided with a mechanism fool-proof device, that is, different structural members may be disposed at the position of the power supply body, where the power supply body is used for contacting with the power connector of the chassis. For example, the power body of the 54V power supply unit is provided with a convex structure, and the 12V power supply unit is not provided; the position of the power connector P54V PSU Conn corresponding to the 54V power supply unit is designed with a groove which is buckled with the convex structure of the 54V power supply unit, while the power connector P12V PSU Conn corresponding to the 12V power supply unit is not provided with the groove, so that the 54V power supply unit cannot be inserted into the power connector corresponding to the 12V power supply unit. Of course, if the above-mentioned electrical foolproof scheme provided by the embodiment of the present application is not provided, only the mechanism is designed to be foolproof, and when the test of the server board card is performed, the case is not provided, or the situation that the power supply unit continues to work after the power supply unit is connected in error cannot be avoided.
Therefore, the power supply unit provided by the embodiment of the application is designed with an electric foolproof scheme, and specifically, by designing the output voltage of the power conversion module M corresponding to the type of the power supply unit, the working state of the first voltage conversion circuit and the detection rule for detecting whether the power supply is connected with the fault or not by the detection controller U1, the electric distinction of the power supply units of different types is realized, so that after the power supply unit is connected with the power connector, the auxiliary detection pin A and the detection receiving pin B of the power supply unit are respectively connected to the power connector correspondingly, and are in butt joint with the auxiliary detection circuit arranged on the server board card to form different auxiliary detection loops, the detection controller U1 of the power supply unit obtains the detection result of whether the power supply is connected with the fault or not according to the voltage value detected from the detection receiving pin B and the detection rule deployed in advance, and controls the working state of the power conversion module M according to the detection result, the accident caused by the power supply result is avoided, and the electric foolproof of the power supply unit is realized.
Specifically, in the different types of power supply units, the three designs of the output voltage of the power conversion module M, the working state of the first voltage conversion circuit, and the detection rule for detecting whether the power is connected by mistake by the detection controller U1 may all be different. The same detection rule can also be adopted for different types of power supply units, but the working states of the first voltage conversion circuits of the different types of power supply units are different in design. In summary, the detection rule of the detection controller U1 needs to be set according to the design condition of the output voltage of the power conversion module M and the design condition of the working state of the first voltage conversion circuit, and the structure of the auxiliary detection circuit designed in consideration of the position of the power connector that may be connected in error. The auxiliary detection circuits corresponding to the different types of power supply units can be the same, so that the power supply units can be distinguished by adopting different output voltages of the power conversion modules M and/or working states and/or detection rules of the first voltage conversion circuits. As shown in fig. 2, the auxiliary detection circuits corresponding to the different types of power supply units may also be different, and the pins of the power connector P54V PSU Conn design corresponding to the 54V power supply unit in fig. 2, which are in butt joint with the auxiliary detection pins a, are empty.
In practical application, if the 54V power supply unit is connected to the power connector P12V PSU Conn corresponding to the 12V power supply unit in a staggered manner and outputs a voltage, the back-end circuit is obviously damaged greatly. If the 12V power supply unit is connected to the power connector corresponding to the 54V power supply unit P54V PSU Conn in a staggered manner and outputs a voltage, the back-end circuit will not be damaged, but the back-end circuit will not receive enough power supply voltage and cannot work. The detection rule of the detection controller U1 may be designed only for the case where the 54V power supply unit is misconnected on the power connector P12V PSU Conn corresponding to the 12V power supply unit.
Example two
FIG. 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a 12V power supply unit according to an embodiment of the present application when the 12V power supply unit is correctly connected; fig. 4 is an equivalent circuit schematic diagram of a 54V power supply unit in case of erroneous connection according to an embodiment of the present application.
On the basis of the above embodiments, the embodiments of the present application further provide a scheme capable of avoiding the output voltage of the 54V power supply unit when the 54V power supply unit is misconnected to the power connector corresponding to the 12V power supply unit.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the power supply unit provided by the embodiment of the application further includes a second voltage conversion circuit and a third voltage dividing resistor disposed inside the power supply body;
The second voltage conversion circuit is arranged between the output end of the power conversion module M and the first end of the third voltage dividing resistor and is used for converting the output voltage of the power conversion module M into a first voltage V1; the second end of the third voltage dividing resistor is connected with the signal input end of the detection controller U1;
correspondingly, the auxiliary detection circuit corresponding to the 12V power supply unit comprises a first voltage dividing resistor and a second voltage dividing resistor, wherein the first end of the first voltage dividing resistor is used for being connected with the auxiliary detection pin A, the second end of the first voltage dividing resistor is connected with the first end of the second voltage dividing resistor and is used for being connected with the detection receiving pin B, and the second end of the second voltage dividing resistor is grounded;
if the power supply unit is a 12V power supply unit, the detection controller U1 turns off the output of the first voltage conversion circuit; if the power supply unit is a 54V power supply unit, the detection controller U1 controls the first voltage conversion circuit to output the second voltage V2.
On the basis of the first embodiment of the present application, the power supply unit provided in the embodiment of the present application, except for the difference of the output voltage of the power conversion module M, the 54V power supply unit and the 12V power supply unit correspond to different working states of the first voltage conversion circuit, that is, the 54V power supply unit is controlled by the detection controller U1 thereof, and the auxiliary detection pin a thereof receives the second voltage V2 obtained by conversion of the first voltage conversion circuit; the 12V power supply unit is controlled by the detection controller U1, and the first voltage conversion circuit has no output, i.e. the auxiliary detection pin a has no output. The 54V power supply unit and the 12V power supply unit correspond to the same second voltage conversion circuit and third voltage dividing resistor, namely, the first voltage V1 is provided for the first end of the third resistor through the second voltage conversion circuit.
By combining the design of the auxiliary detection circuit corresponding to the 12V power supply unit provided by the embodiment of the application, the following control effect can be achieved:
assuming that the first voltage V1 is defined as 3.3V and the second voltage V2 is defined as 12V, the detection rule of the detection controller U1 is designed to prohibit the output of the power conversion module M when the voltage Vf at the self-detection receiving pin B is greater than 1.1V, otherwise, the output can be normally performed.
When the 12V power supply unit is properly connected to the power connector P12V PSU Conn corresponding to the 12V power supply unit, the equivalent circuit is shown in fig. 3. Assuming that the resistance of the third resistor is 4.7kΩ, the resistance of the second voltage dividing resistor is 1kΩ, where Vf is v1×r2/(r2+r3) ≡0.58V <1.1V, and the power output pin Vout of the 12V power supply unit can normally output under the control of the detection controller U1.
When the 54V power supply unit is erroneously connected to the power connector P12V PSU Conn corresponding to the 12V power supply unit, the equivalent circuit is as shown in fig. 4. Assuming that the resistance of the first voltage dividing resistor is 9.4kΩ, there is the equation (V2-Vf)/r1+ (V1-Vf)/r3=vf/R2. Then vf≡1.5V >1.1V, at this time, under the control of the detection controller U1, the power output pin Vout of the 54V power supply unit is not output.
It should be noted that the above circuit parameters are merely examples, and in practical applications, other circuit parameter combinations and corresponding detection rules may be designed.
Example III
FIG. 5 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a power-on timing error according to an embodiment of the present application; fig. 6 is a power-on timing chart of a power panel according to an embodiment of the present application.
Because the first part on the server motherboard is usually a programmable controller, usually a complex programmable logic device (Complex Programmable logic device, CPLD), the power supply voltage required by the programmable controller is usually obtained by converting the voltage output by the 12V power supply unit. Based on the general power-on time sequence, in the second embodiment of the present application, it may be further designed that the auxiliary detection circuit corresponding to the 54V power supply unit includes a first programmable controller and a first switch;
the power supply end of the first programmable controller is connected with the output end of the voltage regulator, the input end of the voltage regulator is used for being connected with a power output pin Vout of the 12V power supply unit, the first control end of the first programmable controller is connected with the controlled end of the first switch, the first end of the first switch is used for being connected with a detection receiving pin B of the 54V power supply unit, and the second end of the first switch is grounded;
The first programmable controller is used for controlling the first switch to be conducted after power-on.
It should be noted that, in the third embodiment of the present application, on the basis of the second embodiment of the present application, only a further description of the auxiliary detection circuit corresponding to the 54V power supply unit is added, and the structure and control scheme of the power supply unit are the same as those of the second embodiment of the present application.
On the basis of the power supply unit provided by the second embodiment of the present application, the auxiliary detection circuit provided by the second embodiment of the present application and corresponding to the 12V power supply unit, and the auxiliary detection circuit provided by the third embodiment of the present application and corresponding to the 54V power supply unit are combined, and besides the two application scenarios described in the second embodiment of the present application, the auxiliary detection circuit further includes the following scenarios:
when the power connector P12V PSU Conn corresponding to the 12V power supply unit is connected to the power supply unit, and the 54V power supply unit or the 12V power supply unit is connected to the power connector P54V PSU Conn corresponding to the 54V power supply unit, as shown in fig. 5, the first programmable controller is not powered, does not work, and the first switch is in an off state. At this time, the voltage of Vf is 3.3V >1.1V similar to the first voltage V1, and the power output pin Vout of the connected power supply unit does not output.
Only when the 12V power supply unit is connected with the corresponding power connector P12V PSU Conn to enable the first programmable controller to be electrified, the first programmable controller outputs a control signal PSU_CTRL to enable the first switch to be conducted, at the moment, the voltage of Vf is connected with GND to be 0V <1.1V, and the power output pin Vout of the power supply unit can normally output. At this time, if the 12V power supply unit is connected to the power connector P54V PSU Conn corresponding to the 54V power supply unit, the back-end circuit will not be damaged, and no scheme for self-checking the 12V power supply unit is required, so that the user can identify the misconnection through the non-working state of the back-end circuit.
In an implementation, as shown in fig. 2 or fig. 5, the first switch may be an NMOS transistor, where a gate is connected to the first control end of the first programmable controller, a drain is connected to the detection receiving pin B of the 54V power supply unit, and a source is grounded. Other types of switches may be used for the first switch, and are not described in detail herein.
According to the design of the third embodiment of the application, the system can work normally only after the 12V power supply unit is connected with the correct power connector. The power-on sequence on the power panel is shown in fig. 6, that is, after the 12V power supply unit P12V is powered on, the P3V3 at the power supply end of the first programmable controller is powered on, and the first programmable controller is powered on to output the control signal psu_ctrl to enable the first switch to be turned on, and at this time, if the 54V power supply unit is connected to the correct power connector P54V PSU Conn, the 54V power supply unit P54V can be powered on.
The circuit parameters listed in the second embodiment and the third embodiment of the present application are examples. In the application, the power supply misconnection threshold range corresponding to the 12V power supply unit and the power supply misconnection threshold range corresponding to the 54V power supply unit can be larger than the voltage misconnection threshold;
the voltage error threshold set by the detection controller U1 needs to meet the following conditions:
V1×R2/(R2+R3)<V0<(R1×R2×V1+R2×R3×V2)/(R1×R3+R2×R3+R1×R2)；
wherein V0 is a voltage error threshold, V1 is a voltage value of the first voltage, V2 is a voltage value of the second voltage, R1 is a resistance value of the first voltage dividing resistor, R2 is a resistance value of the second voltage dividing resistor, and R3 is a resistance value of the third voltage dividing resistor.
Example IV
On the basis of the above embodiment, in order to enable a user to quickly learn that the power supply unit is connected with the fault, the power supply unit provided by the embodiment of the application may further include an alarm connected with the detection controller U1;
the detection controller U1 is also used for controlling the alarm to alarm when the detection voltage value at the detection pin meets the power supply misconnection threshold range of the corresponding type of the power supply unit.
In specific implementation, the alarm can adopt an indicator lamp, a buzzer, a voice alarm and the like, and is arranged inside or outside the power supply body. The power supply of the alarm is derived from the output of the power conversion module M after voltage conversion, and the detection controller U1 can control whether the alarm is electrified or not to control the working state of the detection controller U1.
The application further discloses a server power supply system corresponding to the power supply unit.
Example five
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the server power supply system provided by the embodiment of the application includes a power supply unit and an auxiliary detection circuit arranged on a server board card;
the power supply unit comprises a power supply body, a power supply conversion module M, a detection controller U1, a first voltage conversion circuit, a power supply input pin Vin, a power supply output pin Vout, an auxiliary detection pin A and a detection receiving pin B, wherein the power supply conversion module M, the detection controller U1 and the first voltage conversion circuit are arranged in the power supply body;
the power conversion module M is arranged between the power input pin Vin and the power output pin Vout and is used for converting input commercial power into direct-current voltage output of the type corresponding to the power supply unit, and a controlled end of the power conversion module M is connected with a first control end of the detection controller U1; the first voltage conversion circuit is arranged between the output end of the power conversion module M and the auxiliary detection pin A, and the controlled end of the first voltage conversion circuit is connected with the second control end of the detection controller U1; the signal input end of the detection controller U1 is connected with the detection receiving pin B;
The auxiliary detection circuit is arranged on the server board card, and after the power supply unit is connected with the power connector, the auxiliary detection pin A and/or the detection receiving pin B are connected with the auxiliary detection circuit;
the detection controller U1 is configured to close the output of the power conversion module M when the detected voltage value at the detection pin meets a power misconnection threshold range of a type corresponding to the power supply unit.
Further, the power supply unit further comprises a second voltage conversion circuit and a third voltage dividing resistor which are arranged in the power supply body;
the second voltage conversion circuit is arranged between the output end of the power conversion module M and the first end of the third voltage dividing resistor and is used for converting the output voltage of the power conversion module M into a first voltage V1; the second end of the third voltage dividing resistor is connected with the signal input end of the detection controller U1;
correspondingly, the auxiliary detection circuit corresponding to the 12V power supply unit comprises a first voltage dividing resistor and a second voltage dividing resistor, wherein the first end of the first voltage dividing resistor is used for being connected with the auxiliary detection pin A, the second end of the first voltage dividing resistor is connected with the first end of the second voltage dividing resistor and is used for being connected with the detection receiving pin B, and the second end of the second voltage dividing resistor is grounded;
if the power supply unit is a 12V power supply unit, the detection controller U1 turns off the output of the first voltage conversion circuit; if the power supply unit is a 54V power supply unit, the detection controller U1 controls the first voltage conversion circuit to output the second voltage V2.
Further, the auxiliary detection circuit corresponding to the 54V power supply unit comprises a first programmable controller and a first switch;
the power supply end of the first programmable controller is connected with the output end of the voltage regulator, the input end of the voltage regulator is used for being connected with a power output pin Vout of the 12V power supply unit, the first control end of the first programmable controller is connected with the controlled end of the first switch, the first end of the first switch is used for being connected with a detection receiving pin B of the 54V power supply unit, and the second end of the first switch is grounded;
the first programmable controller is used for controlling the first switch to be conducted after power-on.
Further, the power supply misconnection threshold range corresponding to the 12V power supply unit and the power supply misconnection threshold range corresponding to the 54V power supply unit are both specifically larger than the voltage misconnection threshold;
the voltage error threshold meets the following conditions:
V1×R2/(R2+R3)<V0<(R1×R2×V1+R2×R3×V2)/(R1×R3+R2×R3+R1×R2)；
wherein V0 is a voltage error threshold, V1 is a voltage value of the first voltage, V2 is a voltage value of the second voltage, R1 is a resistance value of the first voltage dividing resistor, R2 is a resistance value of the second voltage dividing resistor, and R3 is a resistance value of the third voltage dividing resistor.
Further, the server power supply system provided by the embodiment of the application can further comprise an alarm connected with the detection controller U1;
The detection controller U1 is also used for controlling the alarm to alarm when the detection voltage value at the detection pin meets the power supply misconnection threshold range of the corresponding type of the power supply unit.
The embodiments of the server power supply system and the embodiments of the power supply unit portion correspond to each other, please refer to the description of the embodiments of the power supply unit portion, and the description is omitted herein.
Example six
Fig. 7 is a control schematic diagram of a power panel multi-power supply unit according to an embodiment of the present application.
On a power board of a server, to adapt to different load demands on a motherboard, a plurality of power supply units are often required to be connected in parallel at the same time. Normally, after a plurality of 12V power supply units are connected in parallel, the power output pins Vout of the 12V power supply units are combined into one path for output; after a plurality of 54V power supply units are connected in parallel, the power output pins Vout of the 54V power supply units are combined into one path for output.
On the basis of the fifth embodiment of the present application, in the server power supply system provided in the present application, the first switch may be designed to correspond to the power connectors P54V PSU Conn corresponding to the 54V power supply units one by one, and the first programmable controller is further configured to control on or off of the first switch of the corresponding 54V power supply unit according to a command at the host side.
Specifically, the host side calculates the required input power at the current moment according to the system load condition, calculates the number of 54V power supply units to be turned on, inputs the number of 54V power supply units to be turned on into the first programmable controller through the two-wire serial buses (Inter-Integrated Circuit, I2C), and enables the first programmable controller to output different psu_ctrls (psu_ctrl1, psu_ctrl … … psu_ctrlm) to enable the corresponding 54V power supply units (P54V PSU Conn 1, P54V PSU Conn 2 … … P54V PSU Conn m) to be turned on or turned off.
Example seven
On the basis of the above embodiment, in order to adapt to different load demands on the motherboard, the server power supply system provided by the embodiment of the present application may further include: the second programmable controller and the second switch are arranged on the server board card and correspond to the 12V power supply unit;
the power supply end of the second programmable controller is connected with the output end of the voltage regulator, the input end of the voltage regulator is used for being connected with a power output pin Vout of the 12V power supply unit, the first control end of the second programmable controller is connected with the controlled end of the second switch, the second switch is arranged in an auxiliary detection circuit corresponding to the 12V power supply unit, and the second switch corresponds to a power connector P12V PSU Conn corresponding to the 12V power supply unit one by one;
The second programmable controller is used for controlling the second switch of the corresponding 12V power supply unit to be turned on or off according to the command of the host side.
In a specific implementation, the second programmable controller may be the same programmable controller as the first programmable controller, or may be a different programmable controller. After the second programmable controller is powered on, the 12V power supply units are controlled to be turned on or off according to control commands input by the host end through the two-wire serial bus.
In the multi-power supply unit circuit shown in fig. 7, the second switch may be disposed on a branch where the second voltage dividing resistor is located, or on a branch where the first voltage dividing resistor is located.
The second switch may also be an NMOS transistor, where the gate is connected to the first control terminal of the first programmable controller. Other types of switches may be used for the second switch, and are not described in detail herein.
The power supply unit and the server power supply system provided by the application are described in detail above. In the description, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described by the differences from other embodiments, so that the same similar parts among the embodiments are mutually referred. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations of the application can be made without departing from the principles of the application and these modifications and adaptations are intended to be within the scope of the application as defined in the following claims.
It should also be noted that in this specification, relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Claims (12)
1. A power supply unit, comprising: the power supply body is arranged in the power supply body, comprises a power supply conversion module, a detection controller, a first voltage conversion circuit, a power supply input pin, a power supply output pin, an auxiliary detection pin and a detection receiving pin, wherein the power supply input pin, the power supply output pin, the auxiliary detection pin and the detection receiving pin are displayed outside the power supply body;
The power conversion module is arranged between the power input pin and the power output pin and is used for converting input commercial power into direct-current voltage output of the type corresponding to the power supply unit, and a controlled end of the power conversion module is connected with a first control end of the detection controller; the first voltage conversion circuit is arranged between the output end of the power conversion module and the auxiliary detection pin, and the controlled end of the first voltage conversion circuit is connected with the second control end of the detection controller; the signal input end of the detection controller is connected with the detection receiving pin;
the auxiliary detection pin and/or the detection receiving pin are/is used for being connected with an auxiliary detection circuit arranged on the server board card after the power supply unit is connected with the power connector;
the detection controller is used for closing the output of the power conversion module when the detection voltage value at the detection pin meets the power misconnection threshold range of the corresponding type of the power supply unit.
2. The power supply unit according to claim 1, further comprising a second voltage conversion circuit and a third voltage dividing resistor provided inside the power supply body;
The second voltage conversion circuit is arranged between the output end of the power conversion module and the first end of the third voltage dividing resistor and is used for converting the output voltage of the power conversion module into first voltage; the second end of the third voltage dividing resistor is connected with the signal input end of the detection controller;
correspondingly, the auxiliary detection circuit corresponding to the 12V power supply unit comprises a first voltage dividing resistor and a second voltage dividing resistor, wherein the first end of the first voltage dividing resistor is used for being connected with the auxiliary detection pin, the second end of the first voltage dividing resistor is connected with the first end of the second voltage dividing resistor and used for being connected with the detection receiving pin, and the second end of the second voltage dividing resistor is grounded;
if the power supply unit is the 12V power supply unit, the detection controller turns off the output of the first voltage conversion circuit; and if the power supply unit is a 54V power supply unit, the detection controller controls the first voltage conversion circuit to output a second voltage.
3. The power supply unit according to claim 2, wherein the auxiliary detection circuit corresponding to the 54V power supply unit includes a first programmable controller and a first switch;
The power supply end of the first programmable controller is connected with the output end of the voltage regulator, the input end of the voltage regulator is used for being connected with the power output pin of the 12V power supply unit, the first control end of the first programmable controller is connected with the controlled end of the first switch, the first end of the first switch is used for being connected with the detection receiving pin of the 54V power supply unit, and the second end of the first switch is grounded;
the first programmable controller is used for controlling the first switch to be conducted after power is supplied.
4. A power supply unit according to claim 3, wherein the power supply misconnection threshold range corresponding to the 12V power supply unit and the power supply misconnection threshold range corresponding to the 54V power supply unit are each specifically greater than a voltage misconnection threshold;
the voltage error connection threshold meets the following conditions:
V1×R2/(R2+R3)<V0<(R1×R2×V1+R2×R3×V2)/(R1×R3+R2×R3+R1×R2)；
wherein V0 is the voltage error threshold, V1 is the voltage value of the first voltage, V2 is the voltage value of the second voltage, R1 is the resistance value of the first voltage dividing resistor, R2 is the resistance value of the second voltage dividing resistor, and R3 is the resistance value of the third voltage dividing resistor.
5. The power supply unit of claim 1, further comprising an alarm connected to the detection controller;
the detection controller is also used for controlling the alarm to alarm when the detection voltage value at the detection pin meets the power supply misconnection threshold range of the corresponding type of the power supply unit.
6. The server power supply system is characterized by comprising a power supply unit and an auxiliary detection circuit arranged on a server board card;
the power supply unit comprises a power supply body, a power supply conversion module, a detection controller, a first voltage conversion circuit, a power supply input pin, a power supply output pin, an auxiliary detection pin and a detection receiving pin, wherein the power supply conversion module, the detection controller and the first voltage conversion circuit are arranged in the power supply body;
the power conversion module is arranged between the power input pin and the power output pin and is used for converting input commercial power into direct-current voltage output of the type corresponding to the power supply unit, and the controlled end of the power conversion module is connected with the first control end of the detection controller; the first voltage conversion circuit is arranged between the output end of the power conversion module and the auxiliary detection pin, and the controlled end of the first voltage conversion circuit is connected with the second control end of the detection controller; the signal input end of the detection controller is connected with the detection receiving pin;
The auxiliary detection circuit is arranged on the server board card, and the auxiliary detection pin and/or the detection receiving pin are/is connected with the auxiliary detection circuit after the power supply unit is connected with the power connector;
the detection controller is used for closing the output of the power conversion module when the detection voltage value at the detection pin meets the power misconnection threshold range of the corresponding type of the power supply unit.
7. The server power supply system according to claim 6, wherein the power supply unit further includes a second voltage conversion circuit and a third voltage dividing resistor provided inside the power supply body;
the second voltage conversion circuit is arranged between the output end of the power conversion module and the first end of the third voltage dividing resistor and is used for converting the output voltage of the power conversion module into first voltage; the second end of the third voltage dividing resistor is connected with the signal input end of the detection controller;
correspondingly, the auxiliary detection circuit corresponding to the 12V power supply unit comprises a first voltage dividing resistor and a second voltage dividing resistor, wherein the first end of the first voltage dividing resistor is used for being connected with the auxiliary detection pin, the second end of the first voltage dividing resistor is connected with the first end of the second voltage dividing resistor and used for being connected with the detection receiving pin, and the second end of the second voltage dividing resistor is grounded;
If the power supply unit is the 12V power supply unit, the detection controller turns off the output of the first voltage conversion circuit; and if the power supply unit is a 54V power supply unit, the detection controller controls the first voltage conversion circuit to output a second voltage.
8. The server power supply system according to claim 7, wherein the auxiliary detection circuit corresponding to the 54V power supply unit includes a first programmable controller and a first switch;
the power supply end of the first programmable controller is connected with the output end of the voltage regulator, the input end of the voltage regulator is used for being connected with the power output pin of the 12V power supply unit, the first control end of the first programmable controller is connected with the controlled end of the first switch, the first end of the first switch is used for being connected with the detection receiving pin of the 54V power supply unit, and the second end of the first switch is grounded;
the first programmable controller is used for controlling the first switch to be conducted after power is supplied.
9. The server power supply system according to claim 8, wherein the power supply misconnection threshold range corresponding to the 12V power supply unit and the power supply misconnection threshold range corresponding to the 54V power supply unit are each specifically greater than a voltage misconnection threshold;
The voltage error connection threshold meets the following conditions:
V1×R2/(R2+R3)<V0<(R1×R2×V1+R2×R3×V2)/(R1×R3+R2×R3+R1×R2)；
wherein V0 is the voltage error threshold, V1 is the voltage value of the first voltage, V2 is the voltage value of the second voltage, R1 is the resistance value of the first voltage dividing resistor, R2 is the resistance value of the second voltage dividing resistor, and R3 is the resistance value of the third voltage dividing resistor.
10. The server power supply system according to claim 8, wherein the first switches are in one-to-one correspondence with the power connectors to which the 54V power supply unit corresponds;
the first programmable controller is also used for controlling the first switch of the corresponding 54V power supply unit to be turned on or off according to the command of the host side.
11. The server power system of claim 6, further comprising an alarm coupled to the detection controller;
the detection controller is also used for controlling the alarm to alarm when the detection voltage value at the detection pin meets the power supply misconnection threshold range of the corresponding type of the power supply unit.
12. The server power supply system of claim 6, further comprising: the second programmable controller and the second switch are arranged on the server board card and correspond to the 12V power supply unit;
The power supply end of the second programmable controller is connected with the output end of the voltage regulator, the input end of the voltage regulator is used for being connected with the power output pin of the 12V power supply unit, the first control end of the second programmable controller is connected with the controlled end of the second switch, the second switch is arranged in an auxiliary detection circuit corresponding to the 12V power supply unit, and the second switch corresponds to the power connectors corresponding to the 12V power supply unit one by one;
the second programmable controller is used for controlling the second switch of the corresponding 12V power supply unit to be turned on or off according to the command of the host side.
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| CN202210939361.7A CN115276392B (en) | 2022-08-05 | 2022-08-05 | Power supply unit and server power supply system |
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| CN115276392B true CN115276392B (en) | 2023-11-03 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105467262A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-04-06 | 广州视睿电子科技有限公司 | Method and device for detecting connection error of display equipment terminal |
| CN210223508U (en) * | 2019-06-11 | 2020-03-31 | 惠科股份有限公司 | Drive circuit and display device |
| CN215526903U (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2022-01-14 | 深圳宝新创科技股份有限公司 | Anti-reverse connection early warning and alarming device of display screen and display structure |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105467262A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-04-06 | 广州视睿电子科技有限公司 | Method and device for detecting connection error of display equipment terminal |
| CN210223508U (en) * | 2019-06-11 | 2020-03-31 | 惠科股份有限公司 | Drive circuit and display device |
| CN215526903U (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2022-01-14 | 深圳宝新创科技股份有限公司 | Anti-reverse connection early warning and alarming device of display screen and display structure |
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