CN115275634A - Polarization selector - Google Patents

Polarization selector Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115275634A
CN115275634A CN202210883107.XA CN202210883107A CN115275634A CN 115275634 A CN115275634 A CN 115275634A CN 202210883107 A CN202210883107 A CN 202210883107A CN 115275634 A CN115275634 A CN 115275634A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
circularly polarized
floor
polarized antenna
angle
polarization
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CN202210883107.XA
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Chinese (zh)
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CN115275634B (en
Inventor
李银
陈昊
全智
许晓东
陶小峰
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Peng Cheng Laboratory
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Peng Cheng Laboratory
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Publication of CN115275634A publication Critical patent/CN115275634A/en
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Publication of CN115275634B publication Critical patent/CN115275634B/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/24Polarising devices; Polarisation filters 
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/30Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
    • H01Q3/34Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means

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  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a polarization selector, comprising: a floor provided with a through hole; the first circularly polarized antenna and the second circularly polarized antenna are respectively positioned on two sides of the floor; the metal column is positioned in the through hole, and two ends of the metal column are respectively connected with the first circularly polarized antenna and the second circularly polarized antenna; the first circularly polarized antenna rotates around the metal column by a first angle; the second circularly polarized antenna rotates around the metal column by a second angle; and independently controlling the transmitted electromagnetic wave and the reflected electromagnetic wave by adjusting the first angle and the second angle. By adjusting the first angle and the second angle, the reflection phase and the transmission phase can be controlled to independently control the transmission electromagnetic wave and the reflection electromagnetic wave, thereby realizing the optimization of the performance of the polarization selector.

Description

Polarization selector
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of polarization selectors, in particular to a polarization selector.
Background
Polarization diversity in current communication systems allows two polarizations to be used as two independent channels, and furthermore the orthogonality of the two polarizations can be applied in full-duplex systems. The current research is mainly focused on polarization selectors for online polarization.
In the prior art, because the amplitude and the phase of two orthogonal linear polarization directions need to be considered simultaneously, the reflection phase and the transmission phase are directly related to each other, and a polarization selector with better performance is difficult to obtain.
Accordingly, the prior art is yet to be improved and developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention provides a polarization selector, aiming at solving the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, and aiming at solving the problem that the performance of the circular polarization selector in the prior art is difficult to optimize.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows:
a polarization selector, comprising:
a floor provided with a through hole;
the first circularly polarized antenna and the second circularly polarized antenna are respectively positioned on two sides of the floor;
the metal column is positioned in the through hole, and two ends of the metal column are respectively connected with the first circularly polarized antenna and the second circularly polarized antenna;
the first circularly polarized antenna rotates around the metal column by a first angle;
the second circularly polarized antenna rotates around the metal column by a second angle;
and independently controlling the transmitted electromagnetic wave and the reflected electromagnetic wave by adjusting the first angle and the second angle.
The polarization selector, wherein the size of the floor is larger than the size of the first circularly polarized antenna, and the size of the floor is larger than the size of the second circularly polarized antenna.
The polarization selector is arranged, wherein a first dielectric layer is arranged between the first circularly polarized antenna and the floor; and/or
And a second dielectric layer is arranged between the second circularly polarized antenna and the floor.
The polarization selector, wherein the first dielectric layer fills the floor;
the second medium layer is paved on the floor.
The polarization selector, wherein the through hole is disposed off-center of the floor;
the metal column is arranged in a manner of deviating from the center of the first circularly polarized antenna;
the metal post is disposed off-center of the second circularly polarized antenna.
The polarization selector is configured to select a polarization mode of the first circularly polarized antenna from a plurality of polarization modes of the second circularly polarized antenna, and select a polarization mode of the second circularly polarized antenna from a plurality of polarization modes of the second circularly polarized antenna.
The polarization selector may be configured such that the first circular polarization antenna and the second circular polarization antenna are rectangular antennas, and a group of opposite angles of the rectangular antennas form a corner cut.
The polarization selector, wherein the floor is a rectangular floor.
The polarization selector, wherein the chamfer far away from the metal pillar is a first chamfer;
the first angle is an angle rotating towards the position of the first tangent angle;
the second angle is an angle rotating towards the position of the second tangent angle.
A polarization selector array, comprising:
a plurality of polarization selectors as described above.
Has the beneficial effects that: by adjusting the first angle and the second angle, the reflection phase and the transmission phase can be controlled to independently control the transmission electromagnetic wave and the reflection electromagnetic wave, thereby realizing the optimization of the performance of the polarization selector.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a first perspective view of a polarization selector in the present invention.
Figure 2 is a first top view of the polarization selector of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a first cross-sectional view of a polarization selector of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a second perspective view of the polarization selector of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a third perspective view of the polarization selector in the present invention.
Figure 6 is a second cross-sectional view of the polarization selector of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the angular difference of rotation of the polarization selector at β =0 ° and the coefficient of reflection of the left-handed electromagnetic wave in the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a diagram showing a relationship between an angle difference of rotation of the polarization selector at β =0 ° and a phase of left-handed electromagnetic wave reflection in the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a diagram of the phase of a polarization selector reflecting a circularly polarized electromagnetic wave when β =0 ° in the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a graph of the amplitude of a circularly polarized electromagnetic wave reflected by the polarization selector at β =0 ° in the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a diagram showing the phase of the circularly polarized electromagnetic wave transmitted by the polarization selector and the angular difference of rotation when β =0 ° and 45 °.
Description of reference numerals:
10. a floor; 11. a through hole; 20. a first circularly polarized antenna; β, a first angle; 21. a first corner cut; 30. a second circularly polarized antenna; gamma, a second angle; 40. a metal post; 50. a first dielectric layer; 60. a second dielectric layer.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Referring to fig. 1-11, the present invention provides embodiments of a polarization selector.
The inventor has found that polarization diversity in the current communication system makes two polarizations act as two independent channels, and moreover, the orthogonality of the two polarizations can be applied to a full-duplex system. Currently, research is mainly focused on a polarization selector for linear polarization, and for a circular polarization selector, the design difficulty is high due to the need of simultaneously considering the amplitudes and the phases of two orthogonal linear polarization directions. Furthermore, the reflection phase and the transmission phase are directly correlated with each other, making it more difficult to independently control the reflection and transmission phases. Based on the idea of an antenna receiving and transmitting system, the circularly polarized antenna is adopted to receive energy and reach the other layer of circularly polarized antenna through the matching circuit, so that the design idea becomes very simple. The rotation of the two antenna elements controls the transmission and reflection phases, which can be independently controlled due to the linear relationship between the phases and the rotation angle of the antenna. The invention aims to provide a circular polarization selection surface, which can selectively pass circular polarization electromagnetism, can freely design the passing amplitude, and can freely design the transmission phase and the reflection phase. The design can control the amplitude, the phase and the polarization of electromagnetic waves at the same time, and can be used for designing multifunctional reflective arrays and transmission arrays.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the polarization selector of the present invention comprises:
a floor 10 provided with a through hole 11;
a first circular polarization antenna 20 and a second circular polarization antenna 30 respectively located at both sides of the floor 10;
the metal column 40 is located in the through hole 11, and two ends of the metal column 40 are respectively connected with the first circularly polarized antenna 20 and the second circularly polarized antenna 30;
wherein the first circularly polarized antenna 20 rotates around the metal pillar 40 by a first angle β;
the second circularly polarized antenna 30 rotates around the metal pillar 40 by a second angle γ;
and independently controlling the transmitted electromagnetic wave and the reflected electromagnetic wave by adjusting the first angle beta and the second angle gamma.
It should be noted that the floor 10 is a plate-shaped device for grounding, and a metal thin layer may be used as the floor 10, and the circularly polarized antenna is an antenna for radiating or receiving circularly polarized waves, and according to the polarization isolation characteristic of circular polarization, the circularly polarized antenna can only receive electromagnetic waves with the same polarization as itself and reflect another polarized electromagnetic wave. For example, if the transmit antenna is circularly polarized, then the receive antenna is also circularly polarized. The metal post 40 refers to a metal post 40-like device connecting two circularly polarized antennas for transmitting electromagnetic waves. The first circular polarization antenna 20 and the second circular polarization antenna 30 are respectively located on both sides of the floor 10, and the metal posts 40 are located in the through holes 11 and do not contact with the inner walls of the through holes 11.
The edge of the first circularly polarized antenna 20 is not parallel with respect to the floor 10, but is at an angle. In particular, in the centre o of the floor 101As the center of circle, pass through o1And a straight line parallel to one side of the floor 10 is an x-axis to pass through o1The rotation angle of the first circularly polarized antenna 20 may be an angle with respect to the x-axis or an angle with respect to the y-axis, where a straight line parallel to the adjacent sides of the floor 10 is the y-axis and the central axis of the metal pillar 40 is the rotation axis. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the first circularly polarized antenna 20 has a center o2The second circularly polarized antenna 30 has a center of o3The centers of the through holes 11 (the centers of the metal posts) are o, o2The included angle between the connecting line and the y axis is a first angle beta, o3The included angle between the connecting line of (a) and the y axis is a second angle gamma.
The amplitude of the transmitted electromagnetic wave can be controlled by adjusting the size of the metal pillar 40. By adjusting the first angle β and the second angle γ, the reflection phase and the transmission phase can be controlled to independently control the transmission electromagnetic wave and the reflection electromagnetic wave, thereby optimizing the performance of the polarization selector.
In a preferred implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the size of the floor 10 is larger than that of the first circularly polarized antenna 20, and the size of the floor 10 is larger than that of the second circularly polarized antenna 30. Specifically, the floor 10 is large in size, and the first and second circular polarization antennas 20 and 30 are small in size. The length and width of the floor 10 are both greater than the width of the first circularly polarized antenna 20, and the length and width of the floor 10 are both greater than the width of the second circularly polarized antenna 30.
In a preferred implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4 to 6, a first dielectric layer 50 is disposed between the first circularly polarized antenna 20 and the floor 10.
Specifically, the floor 10 and the first circularly polarized antenna 20 are spaced apart from each other, and a first dielectric layer 50 may be disposed in the space between the first circularly polarized antenna 20 and the floor 10, where the first dielectric layer 50 may be made of a dielectric material, and air may also be used as the first dielectric layer 50. The first medium layer 50 is spread over the floor panel 10,
in a preferred implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4 to 6, a second dielectric layer 60 is disposed between the second circularly polarized antenna 30 and the floor 10.
Specifically, the floor 10 and the second circularly polarized antenna 30 are spaced apart from each other, and the second dielectric layer 60 may be disposed in the space between the second circularly polarized antenna 30 and the floor 10, and the second dielectric layer 60 may be made of a dielectric material, or air may be used as the second dielectric layer 60. The second medium layer 60 is paved on the floor 10.
In a preferred implementation of the embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 2, the through hole 11 is arranged off-center of the floor panel 10.
Specifically, the through-hole 11 is offset from the center o of the floor panel1Then the metal post 40 is also offset from the center o of the floor 101For example, the through-hole 11 is offset from the center o of the floor panel 101Is d.
In a preferred implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the metal pillar 40 is disposed off-center from the first circularly polarized antenna 20.
Specifically, the metal pillar 40 is also offset from the center o of the first circularly polarized antenna 202For example, the metal post 40 is offset from the center o of the first circularly polarized antenna 202Is d.
In a preferred implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the metal pillar 40 is disposed off the center of the second circular polarization antenna 20.
Specifically, the metal post 40 is also offset from the center o of the second circular polarization antenna 303For example, the metal post 40 is offset from the center o of the second circularly polarized antenna 303Is d.
In a preferred implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the center of the floor 10, the projection of the center of the first circularly polarized antenna 20 on the floor 10, and the projection of the center of the second circularly polarized antenna 30 on the floor 10 are located on a circle centered on the center of the through hole 11.
In particular, since the metal post 40 is offset from the center o of the floor 101Is located such that the metal post 40 is offset from the center o of the first circularly polarized antenna 202And the metal post 40 is offset from the center o of the second circularly polarized antenna 303Are all equal, i.e. length oo1=oo2=oo3Center o of floor 101Center o of first circularly polarized antenna 202Center o of the projected, second circularly polarized antenna 30 on the floor3The projection on the floor panel 10 is located on a circle (shown by a dotted circle in fig. 2) centered on the center o of the through-hole 11.
In a preferred implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the first circularly polarized antenna 20 and the second circularly polarized antenna 30 both use rectangular antennas, and a set of opposite corners of the rectangular antennas form a corner cut.
Specifically, the first circular polarization antenna 20 and the second circular polarization antenna 30 are patch antennas, specifically, rectangles, and a set of opposite corners of the rectangle form a corner cut, where the corner cut means to cut off one corner, and the corner cut of the rectangle is a right triangle.
In a preferred implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the floor panel 10 is a rectangular floor panel 10.
Specifically, the floor panel 10 employs a rectangular floor panel 10. In order to further simplify the shape of the polarization selector, the floor 10 is a square floor 10, the length of the square floor 10 is P, the first circularly polarized antenna 20 and the second circularly polarized antenna 30 are both square antennas, the length of the square antenna is L, the cutting angle is an isosceles right triangle, and the length of the right-angle side of the isosceles right triangle is D.
In a preferred implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, since the metal pillar 40 is disposed away from the center of the first circularly polarized antenna 20, the metal pillar 40 is close to one corner cut and is away from the other corner cut, the corner cut away from the metal pillar 40 is a first corner cut 21, the first angle β is an angle rotated toward the position where the first corner cut 21 is located, and the second angle γ is an angle rotated toward the position where the first corner cut 21 is located.
Specifically, the first angle β and the second angle γ are both angles rotated in a direction toward the first tangential angle 21.
In a preferred implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the polarization direction of the first circularly polarized antenna 20 is a right-hand direction. Specifically, the polarization direction of the first circularly polarized antenna 20 is a right-hand direction.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiment
P =12mm, l =7mm, d =1.5mm, the radius of the metal column is 0.5mm, d =2mm, β =0 ° or 45 °, γ =0 °, 45 °, 90 °, 180 °, 270 °. The polarization direction of the first circularly polarized antenna is a right-hand direction.
When β =0 °, the influence of the angular difference of rotation on the left-handed electromagnetic wave reflection coefficient is as shown in fig. 7 and 8. As can be seen from fig. 7, the rotation of the cell has little effect on the amplitude of the transmitted electromagnetic wave. The influence of the pass coefficient is shown in fig. 8, the phase of the circularly polarized electromagnetic wave is only related to the angle difference of rotation of the two circularly polarized antennas, and is linearly changed, and the full coverage of 0-360 degrees can be realized. The phase and amplitude and phase of the reflected circularly polarized electromagnetic wave are shown in fig. 9 and 10, the amplitude of the reflected circularly polarized wave is stable with the rotation of the element, and the phase of the reflected circularly polarized wave is 2 times the rotation angle of the patch element.
When β =45 °, as is clear from fig. 11, the phase of the circularly polarized electromagnetic wave transmitted is linearly changed depending on the angular difference between the two elements, and the full coverage of 0 to 360 degrees can be realized. As can be seen from the above, the phase of the reflected circular polarized wave and the phase of the transmitted circular polarized wave can be independently controlled by the rotation of the two layers of circular polarized antennas.
The invention utilizes the back-to-back connection mode of the circularly polarized antennas to form a small-sized transceiving system, thereby realizing the selective transmission of circularly polarized electromagnetic waves and the reflection of one circularly polarized electromagnetic wave and the transmission of the other circularly polarized electromagnetic wave. Through the rotation of the two layers of circularly polarized antennas, the independent control of the phase of the reflected electromagnetic wave and the phase of the transmitted electromagnetic wave is realized.
Based on the polarization selector in any of the above embodiments, the present invention further discloses a polarization selector array, including: a plurality of polarization selectors as described in any one of the above embodiments. A plurality of polarization selectors are arranged in an array to form an array of polarization selectors.
It will be understood that the invention is not limited to the examples described above, but that modifications and variations will occur to those skilled in the art in light of the above teachings, and that all such modifications and variations are considered to be within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A polarization selector, comprising:
a floor provided with a through hole;
the first circularly polarized antenna and the second circularly polarized antenna are respectively positioned on two sides of the floor;
the metal column is positioned in the through hole, and two ends of the metal column are respectively connected with the first circularly polarized antenna and the second circularly polarized antenna;
the first circularly polarized antenna rotates around the metal column by a first angle;
the second circularly polarized antenna rotates around the metal column by a second angle;
and independently controlling the transmitted electromagnetic wave and the reflected electromagnetic wave by adjusting the first angle and the second angle.
2. The polarization selector of claim 1, wherein the size of the floor is larger than the size of the first circularly polarized antenna, and wherein the size of the floor is larger than the size of the second circularly polarized antenna.
3. The polarization selector of claim 1, wherein a first dielectric layer is disposed between the first circularly polarized antenna and the floor; and/or
And a second medium layer is arranged between the second circularly polarized antenna and the floor.
4. The polarization selector of claim 1, wherein the first dielectric layer is spread over the floor;
the second medium layer is paved on the floor.
5. The polarization selector of claim 1, wherein the through hole is disposed off-center of the floor;
the metal column is arranged in a manner of deviating from the center of the first circularly polarized antenna;
the metal post is disposed off-center of the second circularly polarized antenna.
6. The polarization selector of claim 5, wherein the center of the floor, the projection of the center of the first circularly polarized antenna on the floor, and the projection of the center of the second circularly polarized antenna on the floor are all located on a circle centered at the center of the through hole.
7. The polarization selector of claim 5, wherein each of the first and second circularly polarized antennas is a rectangular antenna, and wherein a set of opposite corners of the rectangular antenna form a corner cut.
8. The polarization selector of claim 7, wherein the floor is a rectangular floor.
9. The polarization selector of claim 7 wherein the cut away from the metal post is a first cut;
the first angle is an angle rotating towards the position of the first tangent angle;
the second angle is an angle rotating towards the position of the second tangent angle.
10. A polarization selector array, comprising:
a number of polarization selectors as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.
CN202210883107.XA 2022-07-26 2022-07-26 Polarization selector Active CN115275634B (en)

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CN202210883107.XA CN115275634B (en) 2022-07-26 2022-07-26 Polarization selector

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CN115275634B CN115275634B (en) 2024-06-21

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000349547A (en) * 1999-06-02 2000-12-15 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Antenna power feeding device
CN107728248A (en) * 2017-10-16 2018-02-23 中国科学院物理研究所 Double frequency-band circular polarization selector and preparation method thereof
CN114498061A (en) * 2022-04-14 2022-05-13 鹏城实验室 Frequency selection surface unit, frequency selection surface and frequency selection method
CN114725692A (en) * 2022-03-18 2022-07-08 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 Rotary phase-shifting type high-power microwave space beam scannable reflective array antenna
CN114725689A (en) * 2022-05-10 2022-07-08 南京大学 Two-way double-circular-polarization folding transmission array antenna

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000349547A (en) * 1999-06-02 2000-12-15 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Antenna power feeding device
CN107728248A (en) * 2017-10-16 2018-02-23 中国科学院物理研究所 Double frequency-band circular polarization selector and preparation method thereof
CN114725692A (en) * 2022-03-18 2022-07-08 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 Rotary phase-shifting type high-power microwave space beam scannable reflective array antenna
CN114498061A (en) * 2022-04-14 2022-05-13 鹏城实验室 Frequency selection surface unit, frequency selection surface and frequency selection method
CN114725689A (en) * 2022-05-10 2022-07-08 南京大学 Two-way double-circular-polarization folding transmission array antenna

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