CN115275273A - Fuel cell system, scavenging processing method and automobile - Google Patents

Fuel cell system, scavenging processing method and automobile Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115275273A
CN115275273A CN202210945818.5A CN202210945818A CN115275273A CN 115275273 A CN115275273 A CN 115275273A CN 202210945818 A CN202210945818 A CN 202210945818A CN 115275273 A CN115275273 A CN 115275273A
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China
Prior art keywords
fuel cell
scavenging
air
water
cell stack
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CN202210945818.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
杨鸿�
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Hunan Hejie New Energy Technology Co ltd
Beijing Yuanda Xinda Technology Co Ltd
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Hunan Hejie New Energy Technology Co ltd
Beijing Yuanda Xinda Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202210945818.5A priority Critical patent/CN115275273A/en
Publication of CN115275273A publication Critical patent/CN115275273A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
    • H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
    • H01M8/04164—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal by condensers, gas-liquid separators or filters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/04097—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with recycling of the reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
    • H01M8/04228—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during shut-down
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
    • H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a fuel cell system, a scavenging processing method and an automobile, which relates to the technical field of fuel cells, wherein the fuel cell system comprises: a main controller; a fuel cell stack; and a scavenging passage having first and second ends respectively communicating with inlet and outlet ends of cathodes of the fuel cell stack, the scavenging passage including: the water-gas separator, the drying tank and the air circulating pump are sequentially arranged between the second end and the first end, the gas outlet end of the water-gas separator is sequentially connected with the inlet end of the drying tank, and the outlet end of the drying tank is connected with the inlet end of the air circulating pump; wherein, before main control unit sent the shut down signal, the scavenging passage was closed, after main control unit sent the shut down signal, the scavenging passage was opened.

Description

Fuel cell system, scavenging processing method and automobile
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a fuel cell system, a scavenging processing method and an automobile.
Background
The proton exchange membrane fuel cell engine has the advantages of excellent emission indexes, higher thermal efficiency, rapid fuel supplement mode, excellent vibration smoothness, lower use noise and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of new energy automobiles, war industry, ships and the like.
The water content of the proton exchange membrane in the fuel cell is an important parameter, the proton conductivity is closely related to the water content, and good output performance corresponds to a fully wetted proton exchange membrane.
Under low temperature environment, water generated by the cathode of the battery and water remained in the flow channel corresponding to the cathode undergo volume expansion due to crystallization phase change, and irreversible damage can be caused to the fuel battery.
Disclosure of Invention
One technical problem to be solved by the present disclosure is: how to avoid water generated by the cathode and water remained in the flow channel corresponding to the cathode.
To solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a fuel cell system, including: a main controller;
a fuel cell stack; and
a scavenging passage having first and second ends respectively communicating with an inlet end and an outlet end of a cathode of the fuel cell stack, the scavenging passage comprising: the water-gas separator, the drying tank and the air circulating pump are sequentially arranged between the second end and the first end, the gas outlet end of the water-gas separator is connected with the inlet end of the drying tank, and the outlet end of the drying tank is connected with the inlet end of the air circulating pump;
wherein, before main controller sent the shut down signal, the scavenging passageway was closed, and after main controller sent the shut down signal, the scavenging passageway was opened.
In some embodiments, further comprising: an oxidant supply channel connected to an air inlet end of a cathode of the fuel cell stack, comprising: the fuel cell stack comprises an air compressor, a flow control valve and a humidifier which are sequentially connected through a pipeline, wherein the outlet end of the air compressor is sequentially connected with the inlet ends of the flow control valve and the humidifier, and the outlet end of the humidifier is connected with the air inlet end of the fuel cell stack; and
a discharge channel connected to an outlet end of a cathode of the fuel cell stack, comprising: a tail drain pipe connected to an outlet end of a cathode of the fuel cell stack through a pipe;
wherein the first end and the second end of the scavenging channel are respectively connected to the oxidant supply channel and the exhaust channel through a first three-way valve and a second three-way valve so as to respectively communicate with the inlet end and the outlet end of the cathode of the fuel cell stack, and the first three-way valve is connected between the flow control valve and the humidifier;
before the main controller sends a stop signal, the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve control the connection of the scavenging channel to be cut off, and the other connections are conducted;
when the main controller sends a stop signal, the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve control the connection of the flow control valve and the tail pipe to be cut off, and the rest of the interfaces are communicated.
In some embodiments, the air circulation pump is in signal connection with the main controller, so that the main controller controls the starting, stopping and rotating speed of the air circulation pump.
In some embodiments, the scavenging passage further comprises: the humidity sensor is connected between the second three-way valve and the inlet end of the water-gas separator and used for detecting the air humidity value of the scavenging channel;
the humidity sensor is in signal connection with the main controller, so that the main controller controls the air circulating pump to stop running when receiving the air humidity value detected by the humidity sensor and being lower than a preset value.
In some embodiments, further comprising: and the power supply unit is independent of the fuel cell stack and is connected with the air circulating pump and used for supplying power to the air circulating pump.
In some embodiments, the scavenging passage further comprises: and the water collector is connected with the water outlet end of the water-gas separator through a water drain pipe and is used for collecting the water separated by the water-gas separator.
The disclosed embodiment provides a scavenging processing method of a fuel cell system, including: before the fuel cell is stopped, the oxidant supply passage and the exhaust passage are opened to supply air to the fuel cell stack, and the scavenging passage is closed;
after the fuel cell is stopped, the oxidant supply passage and the discharge passage are partially closed, and the scavenging passage is opened to purge the water of the cathodes of the fuel cell stack.
In some embodiments, the oxidant supply channel and the exhaust channel are open, in particular:
air supplies air to the cathode of the fuel cell stack through an air compressor, and residual reaction gas at the cathode of the fuel cell stack is discharged through a discharge channel;
the scavenging passage is opened, specifically:
and under the action of the air circulation pump, the reaction gas of the fuel cell stack purges the cathode of the fuel cell stack, so that water and gas are discharged to the water-gas separator, and the separated gas enters the air circulation pump after being dried by the drying tank and then enters the cathode of the fuel cell stack again for continuous purging.
In some embodiments, the scavenging passage is open, further comprising:
and when the air humidity value detected by the humidity sensor is lower than a preset value, the air circulating pump stops running.
The embodiment of the present disclosure provides a further car, which includes: the fuel cell system described above.
According to the technical scheme, the fuel cell system, the scavenging processing method and the automobile provided by the disclosure can independently start a scavenging program after a fuel cell engine is stopped, provide circulating power through an air circulating pump, sweep water in a cathode channel to a water-gas separator together by using cathode reaction gas, and further dry the separated gas in a drying tank, so that the water content in the air can be reduced, the scavenging frequency can be reduced, the scavenging time can be shortened, the scavenging efficiency can be greatly improved, and the power consumption of the scavenging program can be reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell system disclosed in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is another schematic structural view of a fuel cell system disclosed in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a scavenging processing method of the fuel cell system according to the embodiment of the disclosure.
Description of reference numerals:
11. a water-gas separator; 12. a drying tank; 13. an air circulation pump; 14. a humidity sensor; 15. a first three-way valve; 16. a second three-way valve; 21. an air compressor; 22. a flow control valve; 23. a humidifier; 31. a tail pipe; 4. a fuel cell stack.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present disclosure are described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. The following detailed description of the embodiments and the accompanying drawings are included to illustrate the principles of the disclosure, but are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure, which may be embodied in many different forms and not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but include all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.
These embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that: the relative arrangement of parts and steps, the composition of materials, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments are to be construed as merely illustrative, and not as limitative, unless specifically stated otherwise.
It is noted that in the description of the present disclosure, unless otherwise indicated, "a plurality" means greater than or equal to two; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," and the like, indicate an orientation or positional relationship merely to facilitate the description of the disclosure and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be taken as limiting the disclosure. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, then the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.
Moreover, the use of "first," "second," and similar terms in this disclosure are not intended to indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another. "vertical" is not strictly vertical, but is within the tolerance of the error. "parallel" is not strictly parallel but within the tolerance of the error. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element preceding the word comprises the element listed after the word, and does not exclude the possibility that other elements may also be included.
It should also be noted that, in the description of the present disclosure, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present disclosure can be understood as appropriate to one of ordinary skill in the art. When a particular device is described as being between a first device and a second device, intervening devices may or may not be present between the particular device and the first device or the second device.
All terms used in the present disclosure have the same meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present disclosure belongs, unless otherwise specifically defined. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate.
The water content of the proton exchange membrane in the fuel cell is an important parameter, the proton conductivity is closely related to the water content, and good output performance corresponds to a fully wetted proton exchange membrane. On one hand, the moisture content of oxygen in oxidant gas supply is ensured by a humidifier in the oxidant, and on the other hand, water generated by cathode reaction in the fuel cell is discharged to the outside of a galvanic pile system through a bipolar plate so as to maintain the water balance of the proton exchange membrane; too much or too little water content inside the fuel cell can adversely affect the performance of the fuel cell, specifically: when the water content in the fuel cell is too high, a flooding phenomenon occurs, and the excessive water blocks the transmission of the reaction gas, so that the gas shortage is low. And insufficient water content can cause dry membrane failure, proton conductivity reduction, system output voltage reduction, low efficiency, serious dry membrane failure, even membrane tearing, and serious influence on the output performance and residual life of the fuel cell after long-term dry membrane state.
The smooth start under the low temperature environment needs to carry out scavenging treatment on the water generated by the cathode of the fuel cell and the runner corresponding to the cathode, so as to prevent the water remained in the runner and the electrode from generating volume expansion and causing irreversible damage to the fuel cell due to icing and phase change in the low temperature environment. Meanwhile, the fuel cell can be prevented from being corroded to a certain extent by a proton exchange membrane and a bipolar plate due to excessive water in the galvanic pile when the fuel cell engine is parked for a long time, so that the service life of the fuel cell is influenced.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fuel cell system including: a main controller; a fuel cell stack 4; and a scavenging passage having first and second ends respectively communicating with inlet and outlet ends of the cathodes of the fuel cell stack 4, the scavenging passage including: the water-gas separator 11, the drying tank 12 and the air circulating pump 13 are sequentially connected between the second end and the first end through pipelines, the gas outlet end of the water-gas separator 11 is connected with the inlet end of the drying tank 12, and the outlet end of the drying tank 12 is connected with the inlet end of the air circulating pump 13; wherein, before main control unit sent the shut down signal, the scavenging passage was closed, after main control unit sent the shut down signal, the scavenging passage was opened.
Specifically, the fuel cell system provided by the present embodiment is applied to a fuel cell engine, and mainly includes: the fuel cell system comprises a main controller, a fuel cell stack 4 and a scavenging channel, wherein the scavenging channel is used for scavenging water generated by a cathode of the fuel cell stack 4 and water remained in a flow channel corresponding to the cathode in a shutdown state of the fuel cell so as to be discharged to the outside of the fuel cell, so that the normal startup of the fuel cell after shutdown is ensured, and particularly the smooth startup in a low-temperature environment is ensured; wherein, the main controller is a fuel cell engine main controller (FCU), which is a control brain of the fuel cell system; the fuel cell stack 4 is formed by stacking and combining a plurality of fuel cell units in series, is a place where electrochemical reaction occurs in the fuel cell system, and is a core part of the fuel cell system; the scavenging channel has a first end and a second end which are opposite, the first end and the second end are respectively connected with the inlet end and the outlet end of the cathode of the fuel cell stack 4, the scavenging channel specifically comprises a water-gas separator 11, a drying tank 12 and an air circulating pump 13, the inlet end of the water-gas separator 11 is communicated with the outlet end of the cathode of the fuel cell stack 4, the air outlet end of the water-gas separator 11 is connected with the inlet end of the drying tank 12, the outlet end of the drying tank 12 is connected with the inlet end of the air circulating pump 13, the outlet end of the air entering the circulating pump is communicated with the inlet end of the cathode of the fuel cell stack 4, the air circulating pump 13 can provide power to enable the cathode reaction gas, water generated by the cathode and water (hereinafter referred to as cathode channel water) remained in a flow channel corresponding to the cathode to be swept and discharged to the outlet end of the cathode, and the gas enters the water-gas separator 11 together, the water-gas separator 11 can separate water from gas, the separated gas passes through the inlet end of the gas outlet end drying tank 12 of the water-gas separator 11, so that the gas separated from the water-gas separator 11 is further dried by the drying tank 12, the water content in the air can be reduced, the scavenging frequency can be reduced, the scavenging time can be shortened, the dried gas enters the air circulating pump 13 and reenters the cathode of the fuel cell stack 4 under the action of the air circulating pump 13, the water in the cathode channel is continuously swept until the water in the cathode channel is swept to a specified degree, and the scavenging program is terminated.
Specifically, after the main controller sends a stop signal, the scavenging passage is opened, and the air circulation pump 13 is in signal connection with the main controller, so that the start, stop and rotation speed of the air circulation pump 13 in the operation process can be controlled by the main controller; valve bodies can be arranged at the first end and the second end of the scavenging channel respectively to control the on-off state of the scavenging channel; furthermore, the air circulation pump 13 may also be powered by an external separate power supply unit, such as: the storage battery independent of the fuel cell stack 4 can be driven by an independent power supply, and the scavenging passage can be independently opened after the fuel cell system is stopped without the continuous power generation of the fuel cell engine to carry out scavenging operation; the scavenging channel can be also provided with a water collector which can be connected to the water outlet end of the water-gas separator 11 through a water outlet pipe and can be used for collecting water separated by the water-gas separator 11.
According to the above list, the embodiment of the present invention provides a fuel cell system, which can independently start a scavenging procedure after a fuel cell engine is stopped, provide circulating power through an air circulating pump 13, purge water in a cathode channel to an aqueous vapor separator 11 by using cathode reaction gas, and further dry the separated gas in a drying tank 12, so as to reduce the water content in the air, thereby reducing the scavenging frequency and shortening the scavenging time, greatly improving the scavenging efficiency, and reducing the power consumption of the scavenging procedure.
Referring to fig. 2, in an implementation, the fuel cell system provided in this embodiment further includes: an oxidant supply channel connected to an air inlet end of a cathode of the fuel cell stack 4, comprising: the outlet end of the air compressor 21 is sequentially connected with the inlet ends of the flow control valve 22 and the humidifier 23, and the outlet end of the humidifier 23 is connected with the air inlet end of the fuel cell stack 4; a discharge passage connected to an outlet end of the cathode of the fuel cell stack 4; wherein the first and second ends of the scavenging passage are connected to the oxidant supply passage and the exhaust passage through the first three-way valve 15 and the second three-way valve 16, respectively, to communicate with the inlet and outlet ends of the cathode of the fuel cell stack 4, respectively, and the first three-way valve 15 is connected between the flow control valve 22 and the humidifier 23; before the main controller sends a shutdown signal, the first three-way valve 15 and the second three-way valve 16 control the oxidant supply channel and the exhaust channel to be opened and control the scavenging channel to be closed; when the main controller sends a stop signal, the first three-way valve 15 and the second three-way valve 16 control the oxidant supply passage and the exhaust passage to be closed, and control the scavenging passage to be opened.
Specifically, the fuel cell system in the present embodiment further includes: an oxidant supply channel for supplying air of a certain pressure, flow rate and humidity to the cathode of the fuel cell stack 4, and a discharge channel through which the remaining reaction gas of the cathode of the fuel cell stack 4 is discharged to the external environment; wherein the oxidant supply channel includes: the air compressor 21, the flow control valve 22 and the humidifier 23, the air enters the inlet end of the air compressor 21, the outlet end of the air compressor 21 is connected with the flow control valve 22 and the humidifier 23 in sequence, the flow control valve 22 can control the air flow, the humidifier 23 can increase the humidity of the air, and of course, the oxidant supply channel may also include a filter and other structures.
In order to simplify the structure of the fuel cell system and reduce the circuit arrangement of the fuel cell system, the scavenging channel may be multiplexed with part of the circuit channels of the oxidant supply channel and the exhaust channel, specifically: a first three-way valve 15 and a second three-way valve 16 are installed at the first end and the second end of the scavenging passage, respectively, the other two connection ends of the first three-way valve 15 are connected to the oxidant supply passage, and the first three-way valve 15 is located between the flow control valve 22 and the inlet end of the humidifier 23, and the other two connection ends of the second three-way valve 16 are connected to the exhaust passage; in the working process, before the main controller sends out a stop signal, the fuel cell engine is in a working state, the first three-way valve 15 and the second three-way valve 16 control the connection of the scavenging channel to be cut off, the other connections are conducted to open the oxidant supply channel and the exhaust channel, the scavenging channel is closed, each component of the oxidant supply channel works, each component of the scavenging channel does not work, air is supplied to the air inlet end of the cathode of the fuel cell stack 4 through the air compressor 21, the flow control valve 22 and the humidifier 23 to supply air to the cathode of the fuel cell stack 4, and the residual reaction gas of the cathode of the fuel cell stack 4 is exhausted to the external environment through the exhaust channel; when the main controller sends a shutdown signal, the first three-way valve 15 and the second three-way valve 16 control the connection of the flow control valve 22 and the tail drain pipe 31 to be cut off, the remaining connections are conducted, so that the oxidant supply channel and the drain channel are partially closed, the scavenging channel is opened, and each component of the oxidant supply channel does not work, each component of the scavenging channel starts to work, the air circulating pump 13 can provide power to enable the cathode reaction gas and the water of the cathode channel to be swept and discharged to the outlet end of the cathode, and the cathode reaction gas and the water of the cathode channel enter the water-gas separator 11 together, the water-gas separator 11 can separate the water and the gas, the separated gas passes through the inlet end of the air outlet end drying tank 12 of the water-gas separator 11, the dried gas enters the air circulating pump 13 and reenters the cathode of the fuel cell stack 4 through the humidifier 23 of the oxidant supply channel under the action of the air circulating pump 13, the water of the cathode channel is continuously swept until the water of the cathode channel is circulated to a prescribed degree, and the scavenging program is terminated; it should be noted that, during the scavenging process after the main controller sends the shutdown signal, the humidifier 23 of the oxidant supply channel is in the non-operating state, and the gas during the scavenging cycle only passes through the humidifier 23, and the humidifier 23 does not generate the humidification effect on the gas.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in an embodiment, the scavenging passage further includes: a humidity sensor 214 connected between the second three-way valve 16 and the inlet end of the water separator 11 for detecting the air humidity value of the scavenging passage; the humidity sensor 214 is in signal connection with the main controller, so that the main controller controls the air circulation pump 13 to stop operating when receiving that the air humidity value detected by the humidity sensor 214 is lower than a preset value.
Specifically, in order to achieve a good scavenging and water discharging effect, a humidity sensor 214 is further arranged in the scavenging passage, and in order to accurately acquire the humidity of the gas in the scavenging passage and terminate the scavenging process after reaching a specified degree in time, the humidity sensor 214 may be arranged in a pipeline connecting an interface of the second three-way valve 16 connected with the scavenging passage and the inlet end of the water-gas separator 11, and is used for detecting the humidity value of the air in the scavenging passage; the humidity sensor 214 is in signal connection with the main controller, so that the main controller can receive the air humidity value detected by the humidity sensor 214 and can control the air circulation pump 13 to stop running when the air humidity value is lower than a preset value, that is, the scavenging process is terminated; the preset value is a humidity value that is set according to actual conditions and meets the requirements, and is not particularly limited herein.
Example two
Referring to fig. 3, a second embodiment of the present invention proposes a scavenging processing method of a fuel cell system, which is applied to the above-described fuel cell system, and which includes:
101. before the fuel cell is stopped, the oxidant supply passage and the exhaust passage are opened to supply air to the fuel cell stack 4, and the scavenging passage is closed.
101a, air is supplied to the cathode of the fuel cell stack 4 by an air compressor 21, and the residual reaction gas of the cathode of the fuel cell stack 4 is discharged through a discharge passage.
Specifically, before the main controller sends a shutdown signal, the first three-way valve 15 and the second three-way valve 16 control the interfaces connected to the scavenging channel to be cut off, and the other interfaces are turned on, so that the oxidant supply channel and the exhaust channel are opened, the scavenging channel is closed, and each component of the oxidant supply channel operates, each component of the scavenging channel does not operate, air enters the inlet end of the air compressor 21, the outlet end of the air compressor 21 is sequentially connected with the flow control valve 22 and the humidifier 23, the flow control valve 22 can control the air flow, the humidifier 23 can increase the humidity of the air to supply the air with certain pressure, flow and humidity to the cathode of the fuel cell stack 4, and the residual reactant gas at the cathode of the fuel cell stack 4 is exhausted to the external environment through the exhaust channel.
102. After the fuel cell is stopped, the oxidant supply passage and the exhaust passage are partially closed, and the scavenging passage is opened to purge the water of the cathodes of the fuel cell stack 4.
102a, under the action of the air circulation pump 13, the reaction gas of the fuel cell stack 4 purges the cathode of the fuel cell stack 4, so that water and gas are discharged to the water-gas separator 11, and the separated gas enters the air circulation pump 13 after being dried by the drying tank 12, and then enters the cathode of the fuel cell stack 4 again for continuous purging.
102b, when the air humidity value detected by the humidity sensor 214 is lower than a preset value, the air circulation pump 13 stops operating.
Specifically, after the main controller sends a shutdown signal, the first three-way valve 15 and the second three-way valve 16 control the interfaces connecting the flow control valve 22 and the tail pipe 31 to be closed, the other interfaces are connected, so that the oxidant supply channel and the exhaust channel are partially closed, the scavenging channel is opened, and each component part of the oxidant supply channel does not work, each component part of the scavenging channel starts to work, the air circulation pump 13 can provide power to enable the cathode reaction gas and the water of the cathode channel to be swept and discharged to the outlet end of the cathode, and the cathode reaction gas and the water of the cathode channel are fed into the water-gas separator 11 together, the water-gas separator 11 can separate the water and the gas, the separated gas passes through the inlet end of the air outlet end drying tank 12 of the water-gas separator 11, the dried gas enters the air circulation pump 13 and re-enters the cathode of the fuel cell stack 4 through the humidifier 23 of the oxidant supply channel under the action of the air circulation pump 13, the water of the cathode channel is continuously swept until the air humidity value detected by the humidity sensor 214 received by the air circulation device is lower than a preset value, the air circulation pump 13 is controlled to stop the operation of the scavenging program, and the scavenging program is terminated.
EXAMPLE III
An embodiment of the present invention provides an automobile, including: the fuel cell system described above.
Specifically, by applying the fuel cell system, after the fuel cell engine is stopped, the scavenging program can be independently started, and the water in the cathode channel is efficiently and low-energy-consumption purged, so that the normal start of the fuel cell after the shutdown can be ensured, particularly the smooth start in a low-temperature environment can be ensured, and the phenomenon that a proton exchange membrane and a bipolar plate are corroded to a certain extent due to excessive water in a stack when the fuel cell engine is parked for a long time can be avoided, and the service life of the fuel cell can be effectively prolonged.
Thus, various embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail. Some details that are well known in the art have not been described in order to avoid obscuring the concepts of the present disclosure. It will be fully apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description how to practice the presently disclosed embodiments.
Although some specific embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail by way of example, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing examples are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made in the above embodiments or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way as long as there is no structural conflict.

Claims (10)

1. A fuel cell system, characterized by comprising:
a main controller;
a fuel cell stack (4); and
a scavenging passage having first and second ends respectively communicating with inlet and outlet ends of cathodes of the fuel cell stack (4), the scavenging passage comprising: the air outlet end of the water-gas separator (11) is connected with the inlet end of the drying tank (12), and the outlet end of the drying tank (12) is connected with the inlet end of the air circulating pump (13);
and when the main controller sends a stop signal, the scavenging channel is closed, and when the main controller sends the stop signal, the scavenging channel is opened.
2. The fuel cell system according to claim 1, further comprising:
an oxidant supply channel connected to an air inlet end of a cathode of the fuel cell stack (4), comprising: the fuel cell system comprises an air compressor (21), a flow control valve (22) and a humidifier (23) which are sequentially connected through a pipeline, wherein the outlet end of the air compressor (21) is sequentially connected with the inlet ends of the flow control valve (22) and the humidifier (23), and the outlet end of the humidifier (23) is connected with the air inlet end of the fuel cell stack (4); and
a discharge channel connected to an outlet end of a cathode of the fuel cell stack (4), comprising: a tail drain pipe (31) connected to an outlet end of the cathode of the fuel cell stack (4) through a pipe;
wherein the first end and the second end of the scavenging passage are connected to the oxidant supply passage and the exhaust passage by a first three-way valve (15) and a second three-way valve (16), respectively, to communicate with an inlet end and an outlet end of a cathode of the fuel cell stack (4), respectively, and the first three-way valve (15) is connected between the flow control valve (22) and the humidifier (23);
before the main controller sends a stop signal, the first three-way valve (15) and the second three-way valve (16) control the connection of the scavenging channel to be cut off, and the other connections are conducted;
when the main controller sends a stop signal, the first three-way valve (15) and the second three-way valve (16) control the connection between the flow control valve (22) and the tail pipe (31) to be cut off, and the other connections are connected.
3. The fuel cell system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the air circulation pump (13) is in signal connection with the main controller, so that the main controller controls the start-stop and the rotational speed of the air circulation pump (13).
4. The fuel cell system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the scavenging passage further includes: a humidity sensor (14) connected between the second three-way valve (16) and the inlet end of the water separator (11) and used for detecting the air humidity value of the scavenging channel;
the humidity sensor (14) is in signal connection with the main controller, so that the main controller controls the air circulating pump (13) to stop running when receiving that the air humidity value detected by the humidity sensor (14) is lower than a preset value.
5. The fuel cell system according to claim 1, further comprising:
a power supply unit, independent of the fuel cell stack (4), connected to the air circulation pump (13) for supplying power to the air circulation pump (13).
6. The fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein the scavenging passage further comprises: the water collector is connected with the water outlet end of the water-gas separator (11) through a water drain pipe and is used for collecting the water separated by the water-gas separator (11).
7. A scavenging processing method of a fuel cell system, characterized by comprising:
before the fuel cell is stopped, the oxidant supply passage and the exhaust passage are opened to supply air to the fuel cell stack (4), and the scavenging passage is closed;
after the fuel cell is stopped, the oxidant supply passage and the exhaust passage are partially closed, and the scavenging passage is opened to purge the water of the cathodes of the fuel cell stack (4).
8. The scavenging processing method of the fuel cell system according to claim 7,
the oxidant supply channel and the exhaust channel are opened, specifically:
air is supplied to the cathode of the fuel cell stack (4) by an air compressor (21), and residual reaction gas at the cathode of the fuel cell stack (4) is discharged through the discharge passage;
the scavenging passage is opened, and specifically comprises:
under the action of an air circulating pump (13), the reaction gas of the fuel cell stack (4) purges the cathode of the fuel cell stack (4), so that water and gas are discharged to a water-gas separator (11), the separated gas enters the air circulating pump (13) after being dried by a drying tank (12), and then enters the cathode of the fuel cell stack (4) again for continuous purging.
9. The scavenging processing method of a fuel cell system according to claim 1,
the scavenging passage is opened, further comprising:
and when the air humidity value detected by the humidity sensor (14) is lower than a preset value, the air circulating pump (13) stops running.
10. An automobile, comprising:
the fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
CN202210945818.5A 2022-08-08 2022-08-08 Fuel cell system, scavenging processing method and automobile Pending CN115275273A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210945818.5A CN115275273A (en) 2022-08-08 2022-08-08 Fuel cell system, scavenging processing method and automobile

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210945818.5A CN115275273A (en) 2022-08-08 2022-08-08 Fuel cell system, scavenging processing method and automobile

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN115275273A true CN115275273A (en) 2022-11-01

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Family Applications (1)

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CN202210945818.5A Pending CN115275273A (en) 2022-08-08 2022-08-08 Fuel cell system, scavenging processing method and automobile

Country Status (1)

Country Link
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