CN115274268A - Low-noise power transformer oil tank - Google Patents
Low-noise power transformer oil tank Download PDFInfo
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- CN115274268A CN115274268A CN202110480032.6A CN202110480032A CN115274268A CN 115274268 A CN115274268 A CN 115274268A CN 202110480032 A CN202110480032 A CN 202110480032A CN 115274268 A CN115274268 A CN 115274268A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/33—Arrangements for noise damping
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/08—Cooling; Ventilating
- H01F27/10—Liquid cooling
- H01F27/12—Oil cooling
- H01F27/14—Expansion chambers; Oil conservators; Gas cushions; Arrangements for purifying, drying, or filling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Regulation Of General Use Transformers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a low-noise power transformer oil tank which comprises an oil tank inner layer, an oil tank outer layer and a sound insulation layer arranged between the oil tank inner layer and the oil tank outer layer; the sound insulation layer comprises a grid frame and a plurality of sound absorption and insulation materials arranged in the grid frame, the arrangement mode of the sound absorption and insulation materials is determined by the inner layer of the oil tank and the outer layer of the oil tank based on the minimum transmission sound pressure of the wall plate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power transmission and transformation, in particular to a low-noise power transformer oil tank.
Background
With the rapid development of economic construction and the acceleration of urbanization process, various commercial buildings, public supporting buildings and residential groups are emerging continuously, transformers are widely used as supporting electric power facilities, and with the higher and higher requirements of people on life quality, noise generated by the transformers has serious influence on people. The prior art generally considers the prevention of the invasion of foreign objects and electromagnetic radiation so as to avoid the damage of the transformer and the pollution to the surrounding environment. The main noise source of the transformer substation is an oil-immersed transformer, and in order to reduce the interference of noise to surrounding residents, the requirement on the noise of the transformer is higher and higher, and the noise is not limited to preventing the intrusion of foreign objects and electromagnetic radiation, and therefore, a new low-noise transformer noise reduction technology needs to be provided.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem that an oil immersed transformer adopted in a transformer substation in the prior art can generate noise and influence the life quality of surrounding residents, the invention provides a low-noise power transformer oil tank, which comprises an oil tank inner layer, an oil tank outer layer and a sound insulation layer arranged between the oil tank inner layer and the oil tank outer layer;
the sound insulation layer comprises a grid frame and a plurality of sound absorption and insulation materials arranged in the grid frame, and the arrangement mode of the sound absorption and insulation materials is determined by the structures of the inner layer and the outer layer of the oil tank based on the minimum transmission sound pressure of the wall plate.
Preferably, the determination of the arrangement mode of the sound absorption and insulation material comprises the following steps:
performing iterative computation on the thickness and the distance of wall plates of the inner layer and the outer layer of the oil tank, the incident sound pressure function of the tank wall and the refraction and reflection energy dissipation of the wall plate structure by using a predetermined fitness function and adopting a particle swarm algorithm to obtain the corresponding impedance coefficient of the internal sound absorption material when the transmission sound pressure of the wall plate is minimum;
and obtaining the arrangement and combination mode of the multiple sound absorption and insulation materials in the grid framework based on the impedance coefficient of the internal sound absorption material.
Preferably, the fitness function is determined based on the optimization model and a penalty function constructed by constraint conditions in the optimization model.
Preferably, the optimization model includes:
constructing a target function for a target based on the minimum wall plate transmission sound pressure;
and constructing inequality constraint conditions of the thickness, the distance and the impedance coefficient of the wallboard for the objective function.
Preferably, the panel transmission sound pressure is calculated as follows:
Pt＝Pr-R(h1、h2、d、k....)
in the formula, PtTransmitting sound pressure to the panel; r is the catadioptric energy dissipation through the wall structure; prIncident sound pressure for the box wall; h is a total of1、h2The thickness of the two layers of plates and the distance between the two layers of plates are respectively set; k is the impedance coefficient of the sound absorption and insulation material filled inside.
Preferably, the penalty function is represented by the following equation:
in the formula (f)vi: a penalty function; α i and β j are penalty factors; a and b are constraint condition ranges; f. ofvj: one penalty function in the optimization process; v. ofi: the ith particle flight velocity; i is the number of particles.
Preferably, the fitness function is calculated as follows:
wherein, fitness (P)t) Transmitting sound pressure P for the paneltCorresponding fitness; f (P)t) Transmitting sound pressure for the panel; f. ofvi: one of the penalty functions in the optimization process; f. ofui: another penalty function in the optimization process.
Preferably, the grid framework is arranged in a rhombic, triangular or circular grid.
Preferably, the plurality of sound absorption and insulation materials comprise: at least two of rubber damping material, aerogel material, foamed ceramic material, foamed aluminum material, rock wool and metal fiber sheet.
Preferably, the inner layer of the oil tank is made of a steel plate;
the outer layer of the oil tank is made of steel plates or aluminum plates.
Preferably, the thickness of the outer layer of the oil tank is smaller than that of the inner layer of the oil tank.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention provides a low-noise power transformer oil tank which comprises an oil tank inner layer, an oil tank outer layer and a sound insulation layer arranged between the oil tank inner layer and the oil tank outer layer; the sound insulation layer comprises a grid frame and a plurality of sound absorption and insulation materials arranged in the grid frame, the arrangement mode of the sound absorption and insulation materials is determined by the inner layer of the oil tank and the outer layer of the oil tank based on the minimum transmission sound pressure of the wall plate.
2. The invention adopts an intelligent algorithm to optimally combine various sound absorption and insulation materials, and better overcomes the situations of surface vibration and noise radiation of the transformer box body.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the low noise power transformer tank of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a low noise power transformer tank of the present invention;
FIG. 3 (a) is a schematic view of a first combination of the sound insulation layer internal network frame filled with different sound absorption and insulation materials and arranged at intervals;
FIG. 3 (b) is a schematic diagram of a second combination of filling different sound absorption and insulation materials into the internal network frame of the sound insulation layer according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a method for determining arrangement and combination of filling sound absorption and insulation materials in a network frame inside a sound insulation layer by adopting a particle swarm intelligent algorithm;
wherein, 1, the outer layer of the oil tank; 2. an inner layer of the oil tank, 3, a grid frame, 4 and aerogel materials; 5. a damping material.
Detailed Description
The invention discloses a low-noise power transformer oil tank which is provided by combining a noise transmission path of oil-immersed power equipment aiming at the defects of the noise reduction measures of the existing oil-immersed transformer.
The rectangular frame sandwich structure is added between the inner wall and the outer wall of the transformer oil tank, and a certain amount of additional rubber material and aerogel material are matched to play a role in inhibiting transmission and propagation of low-frequency sound waves in the transformer tank body structure. The method can effectively improve the sound insulation of the transformer oil tank wall and reduce the radiation noise of the transformer.
Example 1: a low-noise power transformer oil tank is shown in figures 1 and 2 and comprises an oil tank inner layer, an oil tank outer layer, a grid frame and an internal filling material.
The inner layer of the oil tank is a steel plate, the inner layer is directly contacted with the transformer insulating oil, and the surface of the inner layer steel plate is coated according to the conventional transformer.
The outer layer of the oil tank is a steel plate or an aluminum plate, the surface of the outer layer is in contact with air, and external coating is carried out according to a conventional transformer, so that the metal plate and a welding part are prevented from being corroded.
The grid frame is arranged between the inner layer and the outer layer of the oil tank, the main body of the frame can be made of metal materials, can also be made of nonmetal materials, and can be arranged in a rectangular grid shape, or can be arranged in a rhombic, triangular or circular grid shape, as shown in fig. 3 (a) and fig. 3 (b), the arrangement and combination modes of different filling sound absorption and insulation materials are determined according to the value of the impedance coefficient k of the sound absorption and insulation material filled in the frame, and the aerogel material 4 and the damping material 5 are sequentially arranged at intervals in fig. 3 (a); and the aerogel material 4 and the damping material 5 are also spaced apart in fig. 3 (b), but the damping material 5 and the aerogel material 4 are both in the same column.
And each unit in the grid framework is filled with sound absorption and insulation materials which are mainly aerogel materials and rubber damping materials.
The two materials filled in the grid frame need to be specially designed for distribution, arrangement and combination, and an intelligent algorithm is adopted to optimize, arrange and combine according to the surface vibration and noise radiation conditions of the transformer box body to obtain the optimal arrangement and combination, as shown in fig. 4:
(1) Setting a sound insulation performance parameter of the wall of the transformer box;
(2) Initializing particle group speed and position;
(3) Acoustic finite element software for calculating transmission sound pressure PtAn optimization objective function;
(4) Building a penalty function and a fitness function;
(5) Calculating individual extreme values and global extreme values of the particle swarm;
(6) Transmission sound pressure PtIf the value is the optimal value, entering the step (7) if the value is the optimal value, otherwise, returningStep (3);
(7) Output transmission sound pressure PtAnd the transmission sound pressure PtAnd (4) corresponding fitness.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
the sound insulation performance of the transformer box body wall plate is optimized and resolved into a multi-constraint optimization problem of an objective function. And (3) optimizing the acoustic performance of the box wall by using a particle swarm algorithm, and most importantly, establishing an optimized mathematical model to further construct a fitness function as an optimizing direction of the initialized particles. The fitness function of the acoustic performance optimization particle swarm algorithm is constructed by taking a transmission sound pressure minimum method as an example. The transmission sound pressure of the wall plate is PtThe expression is shown in formula 1, and the incident sound pressure function P of the box wallrWhen the minimum value is obtained by formula 1, the refraction and reflection energy dissipation R through the wall plate structure shows that the sound insulation quantity of the wall plate is optimal. The wall plate structure has impedance characteristic, and the influence parameter includes the thickness h of two layers of plates1、h2The distance d between the two plates and the impedance coefficient k of the sound absorption and insulation material filled inside the two plates depend on the characteristics, the size, the distribution mode and the thickness of the filling material.
Pt＝Pr-R(h1、h2、d、k....) (1)
The optimization inequality constraint conditions are as follows: (1) thickness h of the panel: h is less than or equal tomax](ii) a (2) spacing d: d is less than or equal tomax](ii) a (3) impedance coefficient: k is less than or equal to [ k >max](ii) a Its mathematical model can be expressed as:
wherein f (P)t) Optimization function for acoustic properties of the panel, gj(Pt) Is the jth inequality constraint. Objective functions and constraint functions are generally non-linear functions of design variables, so the method herein using penalty functions transforms a constrained structure optimization problem into a structure optimization problem containing only boundary constraints, i.e. the algorithm contains infeasible solutions, but by adding penalty functions after the objective functions to penalize the appearance of infeasible solutions,so that the infeasible solution cannot be the optimal solution. According to different constraint conditions, a plurality of penalty functions can be designed, once the constraint conditions are exceeded, the penalty functions play a role, and overproof values are automatically eliminated. Penalty function fviCan be expressed as:
wherein alpha isiAnd betajA is a penalty factor, a and b are constraint condition ranges, and f is not penalized for the value meeting the constraint conditionviAnd =0, the values of the constraint conditions are not satisfied, the function values are amplified and eliminated in the optimization process. A plurality of penalty function items are constructed by a plurality of constraint conditions, and finally fitness (P) is obtainedt) As input functions for the particle swarm algorithm:
wherein, fitness (P)t) Transmitting sound pressure P for the paneltCorresponding fitness; f (P)t) Transmitting sound pressure for the panel; f. ofvi: one penalty function in the optimization process; f. ofui: another penalty function in the optimization process.
The arrangement and combination of different sound absorption and insulation materials directly influence the sound insulation effect of the board, the distribution characteristics of different frequency band noises are changed, the board is caused to transmit to obtain a sound pressure function to change, the change can be reflected through a fitness function, and the distribution mode of the optimal sound insulation effect can be found out through an optimization algorithm.
Calculating by acoustic finite element software to obtain the transmission sound pressure PtAnd calculating a fitness (P)t) And returning the calculation result to the particle swarm optimization for optimization calculation, randomly generating a new group of constraint conditions according to the value of the fitness value, and outputting the new group of constraint conditions to the acoustic finite element software for next calculation until the result is converged to obtain an optimal solution.
The outline size and the thickness of the inner layer of the oil tank are consistent with those of a conventional transformer, and the stress deformation conditions of the transformer in delivery, transportation, hoisting and the like are met.
The distance between the outer layer and the inner layer of the oil tank is controlled within 2cm, the outline size of the outer layer of the oil tank needs to be installed by considering oil pipe flanges and other equipment, and the thickness can be smaller than that of the inner wall but not smaller than 4mm because the outer layer does not bear the stress of the main structure of the transformer.
The outer layer of the oil tank is made of metal materials, such as carbon steel, stainless steel, aluminum alloy materials and the like; non-metallic materials such as carbon fiber composite plates, organic glass and the like can also be adopted.
The net-shaped frame is connected with the inner layer and the outer layer of the transformer oil tank in an adhesive way, and the inside of the net-shaped frame is filled with sound absorption and insulation materials.
The sound absorption and insulation material can adopt aerogel materials, rubber damping materials and other related derivative materials, has good sound absorption and insulation performance, the area of a unit grid is not too large, and the length of the effective side is not more than 1% of the wavelength of the radiation noise of the transformer generally.
The arrangement and arrangement method of the sound absorption and insulation materials is characterized in that an optimal arrangement mode is obtained through calculation according to particle swarm intelligent algorithm, topological optimization and other methods, and a periodic noise reduction characteristic is formed.
Noise generated by vibration of the large oil-immersed transformer core winding. Due to the good coupling between the insulation and the tank structure, the generated noise radiates outwards through the tank wall. If a layer of sound absorption and insulation material is added in the center of the inner part of the oil tank wall, the periodic noise reduction characteristic is formed through different arrangement and combination modes. The low-noise power transformer oil tank provided by the invention has the advantages that the inner layer of the oil tank adopts the design of a conventional transformer, only the outer layer is added to protect the internal grid frame structure, the cost is low, the integral shape of the appearance of the tank wall is not influenced, and the oil tank can be used for a long time without maintenance.
Example 2
The oil-immersed transformer oil tank inlayer is thickness 10mm steel sheet, outer tank wall is thickness 4mm aluminum plate, intermediate layer's net frame is 200mm (length) x 10mm (width) x 2mm (thickness) aluminum alloy strip, the rectangle net size is 200mm x 200mm, it is 10mm to fill sound-absorbing and insulating material thickness, adopt two kinds of material mutual alternate arrangement modes of aerogel and rubber damping, the oil tank inlayer and inlayer double plates compress tightly the bonding each other, edge seam department adopts the welding mode sealed.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the scope of the claims of the present invention which are filed as the application.
Claims (11)
1. A low-noise power transformer oil tank is characterized by comprising an oil tank inner layer, an oil tank outer layer and a sound insulation layer arranged between the oil tank inner layer and the oil tank outer layer;
the sound insulation layer comprises a grid frame and a plurality of sound absorption and insulation materials arranged in the grid frame, and the arrangement mode of the sound absorption and insulation materials is determined by the inner layer of the oil tank and the outer layer structure of the oil tank based on the minimum transmission sound pressure of the wall plate as a target.
2. The low noise power transformer tank of claim 1, wherein the determination of the arrangement of the sound absorbing and insulating material comprises:
performing iterative computation on the thickness and the distance of wall plates of the inner layer and the outer layer of the oil tank, the incident sound pressure function of the tank wall and the refraction and reflection energy dissipation of the wall plate structure by using a predetermined fitness function and adopting a particle swarm algorithm to obtain the corresponding impedance coefficient of the internal sound absorption material when the transmission sound pressure of the wall plate is minimum;
and obtaining the arrangement and combination mode of the multiple sound absorption and insulation materials in the grid frame based on the impedance coefficient of the internal sound absorption material.
3. The low noise power transformer tank of claim 2, wherein the fitness function is determined based on an optimization model and a penalty function constructed from constraints in the optimization model.
4. A low noise power transformer tank as claimed in claim 3 wherein said optimization model comprises:
constructing a target function based on the minimum transmission sound pressure of the wall plate as a target;
and constructing inequality constraint conditions of the thickness, the distance and the impedance coefficient of the wallboard for the objective function.
5. The low noise power transformer tank of claim 4 wherein said wall plate transmission sound pressure is calculated as:
Pt＝Pr-R(h1、h2、d、k....)
in the formula, PtTransmitting sound pressure for the panel; r is the catadioptric energy dissipation through the wall structure; p isrIncident sound pressure is the box wall; h is1、h2The thickness of each layer of plate and the distance between the two layers of plates are respectively set; k is the impedance coefficient of the sound absorption and insulation material filled inside.
6. A low noise power transformer tank as claimed in claim 3, wherein said penalty function is given by:
in the formula (f)vi: a penalty function; α i and β j are penalty factors; a and b are constraint condition ranges; f. ofvj: one penalty function in the optimization process; v. ofi: the ith particle flight velocity; i is the number of particles.
7. A low noise power transformer tank as claimed in claim 6, wherein said fitness function is calculated as follows:
wherein, fitness (P)t) Transmitting sound pressure P for the paneltCorresponding fitness; f (P)t) Transmitting sound pressure for the panel; f. ofvi: one of the penalty functions in the optimization process; f. ofui: another penalty function in the optimization process.
8. The low noise power transformer tank of claim 1, wherein the grid framework is arranged in a diamond, triangular or circular grid.
9. The low noise power transformer tank of claim 1, wherein the plurality of sound absorbing and insulating materials comprises: at least two of rubber damping material, aerogel material, foamed ceramic material, foamed aluminum material, rock wool and metal fiber sheet.
10. A low noise power transformer tank as claimed in claim 2, wherein the inner layer of said tank is made of steel plate;
the outer layer of the oil tank is made of steel plates or aluminum plates.
11. A low noise power transformer tank as claimed in claim 2, wherein said tank outer layer has a thickness less than said tank inner layer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110480032.6A CN115274268A (en) | 2021-04-30 | 2021-04-30 | Low-noise power transformer oil tank |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110480032.6A CN115274268A (en) | 2021-04-30 | 2021-04-30 | Low-noise power transformer oil tank |
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| CN115274268A true CN115274268A (en) | 2022-11-01 |
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