CN115271078A - Software stack with cooperation of supercomputer and quantum computer and working method - Google Patents
Software stack with cooperation of supercomputer and quantum computer and working method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A software stack with cooperation of a supercomputer and a quantum computer and a working method belong to the technical field of quantum computing. The software stack of the present invention comprises: classical and quantum co-programming frameworks: extension of new incremental sub-language elements in the classical programming model framework; heterogeneous converged compilation environment: the classical program part and the quantum program part in the classical and quantum mixed application program can be identified through element analysis; classical and quantum cooperative operating systems: abstracting hardware resources and providing corresponding drivers; quantum instruction set: an instruction set for controlling a quantum computer hardware system is coupled to a quantum physical system. The invention fuses the supercomputer software model and the quantum computer software model, can ensure the normal operation of the traditional supercomputer, can also play the performance advantage of quantum accelerated computation, and promotes the quantum computer to be more widely applied.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of quantum computing, in particular to a software stack for cooperation of a supercomputer and a quantum computer and a working method.
Background
The super computer is the embodiment of the high and new capability of national science and technology, is an important means for solving the problems of large-scale parallel computation and scientific application of the nation, and has become the highest point of science and technology strategy of all countries in the world. However, as the size of the semiconductor device is closer to the physical limit, the moore's law is gradually terminated, and the development of the computing power of the supercomputer is restricted, so that the computing requirement brought by the current world information explosion cannot be met.
Due to the difference of basic principles, the computing power of the quantum computer is superior to that of the classical computer in nature, certain computing problems which are difficult to solve by the classical computer can be effectively solved, and the quantum computer is a brand new computing mode and is likely to become a powerful supplement and development direction for future high-performance computing.
The development trend of quantum computing in the next 20 years is bound to be a mixed quantum computing system with classical and quantum cooperation, namely a local quantum computing mode. Quantum computing environments, whether controlled through a network or a high-speed interface, can be viewed as a quantum acceleration environment or acceleration component. The software stack environment of the cooperation of classical supercomputing and quantum computing integrates quantum computing, quantum manipulation, traditional computing and software stack design, well performs parallelization and extensible processing, and is well suitable for application of large-scale parallel systems such as high-performance computing.
At present, software environments of a supercomputer and a quantum computer are relatively opposite, emerging quantum computing equipment cannot be cooperatively accessed into a traditional supercomputer environment through software, and high-performance computing capacity and quantum acceleration computing capacity of traditional supercomputer cannot be well fused. For example, chinese invention patent No. ZL201810765002.8 discloses a quantum computer software architecture system, including: the quantum program module is used for constructing and storing a quantum program, provides a quantum program interface to obtain a first node and a last node of the quantum program, inserts the node in the vector subprogram and inserts the quantum program in the vector subprogram; the quantum driving module is used for reading and optimizing the quantum program, loading the quantum program, controlling the quantum computer to operate the quantum program and acquiring an operation result; the quantum driving module includes: the quantum machine interface is used for controlling a quantum computer; the quantum program interface acquires quantum program information; the quantum bit pool is used for acquiring the total quantum bit number, the spare quantum bit number and the occupied quantum bit number; applying for qubits and releasing qubits; the quantum bit is used for acquiring a quantum computer quantum bit unit topological structure; the quantum optimizer is used for optimizing the quantum program. It needs to design a set of software architecture for quantum computing device alone, and cannot cooperate with super computing device under unified software architecture.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a software stack for cooperation of a supercomputer and a quantum computer and a working method thereof.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a software stack for supercomputer and quantum computers cooperation, comprising:
programming and compiling environment:
classical and quantum co-programming frameworks: by expanding the new increment sub-language elements in the classic programming model framework, the same programming language is adopted to compile classic and quantum mixed application programs;
heterogeneous fusion compilation environment: the classical program part and the quantum program part in the classical and quantum mixed application program can be identified through element analysis, and the super computing resources are mapped for the classical program and the quantum computing resources are mapped for the quantum program;
operating system environment:
classical and quantum cooperative operating systems: abstracting hardware resources and providing corresponding driving programs so as to uniformly manage classical computing resources and quantum computing resources;
quantum gate software control and simulation layer:
quantum instruction set: the instruction set for controlling the hardware system of the quantum computer is coupled with the quantum physical system to realize abstract description of physical quantum bit manipulation, and a quantum program can be converted into a specific quantum instruction sequence through a quantum compiling environment.
The invention fuses the software stack of the traditional supercomputing and the software of the quantum computing, so that a user can simultaneously use the supercomputing device and the quantum computing device, and the unification of the supercomputing device and the quantum computing device is realized in system software such as an operating system, a programming language, a compiler and the like, thereby laying a good foundation for the enhancement of supercomputing capability and the further popularization of the quantum computing
Preferably, the operating system environment further includes:
classical and quantum synergistic software support environments: a unified use view is provided for a user, so that the user can view currently available classical computing resources and quantum computing resources on a client, submit an application topic mixed with classical and quantum, and view a topic operation result.
Preferably, the quantum gate software control and simulation layer further comprises:
software and hardware control interface: an interaction channel between quantum computer software and hardware is provided.
Quantum simulator environment: and a classical computer is utilized to simulate a quantum algorithm and a quantum gate circuit, so that the evolution of a quantum state is realized, and the function of the quantum computer is verified.
Preferably, the present invention further comprises an application layer, wherein the application layer comprises:
quantum cloud platform: the cloud computing platform is used for providing quantum computing service for users on the basis of quantum computing hardware resources or quantum simulators;
the super computing application: an application running on the supercomputer;
quantum application: an application development framework, algorithms and applications running on a quantum computer.
The invention also provides a working method for cooperation of the supercomputer and the quantum computer, which is based on the software stack for cooperation of the supercomputer and the quantum computer and comprises the following steps:
step S1, program development: program development is carried out under the classical and quantum collaborative programming framework and heterogeneous fusion compiling environment; if the developed program contains a quantum program module, performing step S2;
step S2, program compiling: compiling a quantum program or a classical and quantum mixed program through a quantum cloud platform;
s3, executing a program;
step S4, quantum bit distribution: distributing quantum bit computing resources required by a subprogram in quantum computing equipment through an operating system and quantum control software;
step S5, quantum calibration: initializing and calibrating quantum bit resources distributed by a program;
and S6, quantum program operation: running a quantum program on the allocated qubits;
and step S7, result collection and analysis: and measuring and analyzing the operation results of the super computing environment and the quantum computer environment.
In the present invention, preferably, if only the classical program module is included in the developed program in step S1, the following steps are performed:
s8, compiling the classical supercomputing program;
s9, preparing to run a classical program in a supercomputing environment;
step S10, distributing resources required by classical program operation in a supercomputing environment;
s11, scheduling and running a classical program under a supercomputing environment;
s12, verifying the operation result of the classical program;
and step S13, ending the program running and returning.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the integration of functions is realized, the classical and quantum work flows can be effectively cooperated, and particularly, quantum computing resources can be driven and dispatched through the classical supercomputing environment to play the quantum computing advantages;
2. the system is expanded, the work can be carried out by using classical calculation and quantum calculation resources at the same time, and the system operation efficiency is greatly improved;
3. ecological construction is realized, ecological fusion is carried out through a classical supercomputer and quantum computing, a good development environment can be established, and exponential increase of computing power is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an architecture diagram of a software stack of a supercomputer in cooperation with a quantum computer according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for cooperating a supercomputer and a quantum computer according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a software stack for cooperation between a supercomputer and a quantum computer, which includes the following four parts:
1. application layer
Quantum cloud platform: the cloud computing platform is used for providing quantum computing services for users based on quantum computing hardware resources or quantum simulators.
The super computing application: refers to an application program that can run on a supercomputer.
Quantum application: refers to application development frameworks, algorithms, and applications that can run on quantum computers.
2. Programming and compiling environment
Classical and quantum co-programming frameworks: the extension of new increment sub-language elements in the classic programming model framework enables users to write classic and quantum mixed application programs by using the same programming language.
Heterogeneous fusion compilation environment: the heterogeneous fusion compiling can identify a classical program part and a quantum program part from a classical and quantum mixed application program through lexical, grammatical, semantic analysis and the like, and map super computing resources for the classical program and quantum computing resources for the quantum program.
3. Operating system environment
Classical and quantum collaborative software support environments: the software support environment of the cooperation of the classical and the quantum provides a uniform use view for a user, so that the user can check currently available classical computing resources and quantum computing resources on a client, submit an application subject of the mixture of the classical and the quantum and check a subject operation result.
Classical and quantum cooperative operating systems: the classical and quantum cooperative operation system manages classical computing resources and quantum computing resources in a unified manner, abstracts hardware resources and provides corresponding driving programs, so that a user can transparently use the hardware computing resources without considering complex hardware control details, and meanwhile, system services such as fault tolerance and verification are provided for the user.
4. Quantum gate software control and simulation layer
Quantum instruction set: the instruction set for controlling the quantum computer hardware system is coupled with the quantum physical system to realize abstract description of the control of physical quantum bits, and a quantum program can be converted into a specific quantum instruction sequence through a quantum compiling environment.
Software and hardware control interface: the software and hardware control interface is a bridge connecting software and hardware of the quantum computer, and provides an interaction mode between the software and the hardware.
Quantum simulator environment: and a classical computer is utilized to simulate a quantum algorithm and a quantum gate circuit, so that the evolution of a quantum state is realized, and the function of the quantum computer is verified.
As shown in fig. 2, the present invention further provides a cooperative working method of a supercomputer and a quantum computer, including the following steps:
step S1, program development: developing a super-computing classical program under a unified programming frame and a compiling system, and if the super-computing classical program is not quantum-related application, transferring to S8 classical program compiling;
step S2, compiling a program: if the program has a quantum program module, compiling the quantum program or the classical and quantum mixed mode program through development tool environments such as a quantum cloud platform and the like;
step S3, executing the program: if the quantum application is not the quantum application, the method is switched to S9 to operate in a super calculation classical program;
step S4, quantum bit distribution: quantum bit computing resources required by a program are distributed in quantum computing equipment through an operating system and quantum control software, and if the quantum bit computing resources are not super-computation and quantum hybrid application, S10 is carried out to distribute the super-computation computing resources;
step S5, quantum calibration: initializing and calibrating quantum bit resources distributed by a program, and ensuring stable and reliable running environment of the quantum program;
and S6, quantum program operation: running a quantum program on the quantum bits allocated by the operating system;
and step S7, result collection and analysis: measuring and analyzing the running results of the super computing environment and the quantum computer environment, and returning the results to S13;
s8, compiling the classical supercomputing program;
s9, preparing to run a classical high-performance program in an supercomputing environment;
step S10, distributing resources required by program operation in a supercomputing environment;
step S11, scheduling the running program under the supercomputing environment;
s12, verifying the result of the super calculation classical program;
in step S13, the program execution ends and returns.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (6)
1. A supercomputer-quantum computer cooperative software stack, comprising:
programming and compiling environment:
classical and quantum co-programming frameworks: by expanding the new increment sub-language elements in the classic programming model framework, the same programming language is adopted to compile classic and quantum mixed application programs;
heterogeneous converged compilation environment: the classical program part and the quantum program part in the classical and quantum mixed application program can be identified through element analysis, the super computing resources are mapped for the classical program, and the quantum computing resources are mapped for the quantum program;
operating system environment:
classical and quantum cooperative operating systems: abstracting hardware resources and providing corresponding driving programs so as to uniformly manage classical computing resources and quantum computing resources;
quantum gate software control and simulation layer:
quantum instruction set: the instruction set for controlling the hardware system of the quantum computer is coupled with the quantum physical system to realize abstract description of physical quantum bit manipulation, and a quantum program can be converted into a specific quantum instruction sequence through a quantum compiling environment.
2. The software stack of claim 1, wherein the operating system environment further comprises:
classical and quantum synergistic software support environments: a unified use view is provided for a user, so that the user can view currently available classical computing resources and quantum computing resources on a client, submit an application topic mixed with classical and quantum and view a topic operation result.
3. The supercomputer-quantum computer-synergistic software stack of claim 1, characterized in that said quantum gate software control and simulation layer further comprises:
software and hardware control interface: providing an interaction channel between quantum computer software and hardware;
quantum simulator environment: and a classical computer is utilized to simulate a quantum algorithm and a quantum gate circuit, so that the evolution of a quantum state is realized, and the function of the quantum computer is verified.
4. The software stack of claim 1, further comprising an application layer, wherein the application layer comprises:
quantum cloud platform: the cloud computing platform is used for providing quantum computing service for users on the basis of quantum computing hardware resources or quantum simulators;
the super computing application: an application running on the supercomputer;
quantum application: an application development framework, algorithms and applications running on a quantum computer.
5. A method for operating a supercomputer in cooperation with a quantum computer, based on a software stack for operating the supercomputer in cooperation with the quantum computer as claimed in claim 1, comprising the steps of:
step S1, program development: program development is carried out under the classical and quantum collaborative programming framework and heterogeneous fusion compiling environment; if the developed program contains a quantum program module, performing step S2;
step S2, compiling a program: compiling a quantum program or a classical and quantum mixed program through a quantum cloud platform;
step S3, executing a program;
step S4, quantum bit distribution: distributing quantum bit computing resources required by the quantum program in the quantum computing equipment through an operating system and quantum control software;
step S5, quantum calibration: initializing and calibrating quantum bit resources distributed by a program;
and S6, quantum program operation: running a quantum program on the allocated qubits;
and step S7, result collection and analysis: and measuring and analyzing the operation results of the super computing environment and the quantum computer environment.
6. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein in step S1, if only classical program modules are included in the developed program, the following steps are performed:
s8, compiling the classical supercomputing program;
s9, preparing to run a classical program in a supercomputing environment;
step S10, distributing resources required by the operation of the classical program in a supercomputing environment;
s11, scheduling and running a classical program under a supercomputing environment;
s12, verifying the operation result of the classical program;
and step S13, ending the program running and returning.
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| CN116257222A (en) * | 2023-02-28 | 2023-06-13 | 中国人民解放军战略支援部队信息工程大学 | Classical-quantum collaborative computing programming method and model based on task flow |
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| CN116257222A (en) * | 2023-02-28 | 2023-06-13 | 中国人民解放军战略支援部队信息工程大学 | Classical-quantum collaborative computing programming method and model based on task flow |
| CN116257222B (en) * | 2023-02-28 | 2024-05-28 | 中国人民解放军战略支援部队信息工程大学 | Classical-quantum collaborative computing programming method and model based on task flow |
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