CN115270316A - Design and installation method of prestress tuned mass damper under wave or earthquake load - Google Patents

Design and installation method of prestress tuned mass damper under wave or earthquake load Download PDF

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CN115270316A
CN115270316A CN202210479264.4A CN202210479264A CN115270316A CN 115270316 A CN115270316 A CN 115270316A CN 202210479264 A CN202210479264 A CN 202210479264A CN 115270316 A CN115270316 A CN 115270316A
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prestress
mass damper
tuned mass
tower
damper
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刘纲
雷振博
张宪鹏
杨庆山
王晖
杨宇航
王森
谭帅帅
梁宇佳
王安琪
郝宇
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Chongqing University
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    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
    • G06F30/17—Mechanical parametric or variational design
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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Abstract

The invention discloses a design and installation method of a prestress tuned mass damper under wave or earthquake load, which comprises the step of calculating parameters of the prestress tuned mass damper according to material parameters and geometric parameters of a wind driven generator and power parameters of a tower structure of a wind turbine. By adopting the technical scheme, based on the parameters of the wind driven generator, the parameters of the prestress tuned mass damper are obtained through a series of calculation, and then the corresponding prestress tuned mass damper is selected according to the parameters and is installed on the wind turbine tower, so that the difficult problems that the fatigue damage of the wind driven generator is easily caused by the vibration of waves and earthquakes and the safety of the wind turbine tower is difficult to guarantee can be solved, and the reasonable, effective, economical, practical, safe and reliable control on the vibration of the wind turbine tower is realized.

Description

Design and installation method of prestress tuned mass damper under wave or earthquake load
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vibration control of wind driven generators, in particular to a design and installation method of a pre-stress tuned mass damper under wave or earthquake load.
Background
The wind power generator is usually in a relatively severe service environment, and besides bearing environmental loads such as wind, wave and earthquake, the resonance of a tower can be caused by turbulence generated by the operation of a wind wheel, gust disturbance, wake flow, wind shear, yaw rotation, tower shadow effect and the like. In the long-term service process, the small-amplitude vibration of the tower barrel can cause the equipment in the engine cabin to be damaged, and the vibration coupling with the blades can aggravate the fatigue damage of the tower barrel. In addition, excessive vibration will degrade wind turbine generator system performance, resulting in a failed shutdown and reduced power generation efficiency. Therefore, the technical method which is economical, reasonable, safe and efficient is adopted to solve the vibration problem of the tower drum.
Wind loads and the like belong to direct excitation on the wind turbine structure, and waves, earthquake loads and the like belong to indirect excitation on the wind turbine structure. Relevant research shows that the vibration characteristics of the structure under direct excitation and indirect excitation and the action excitation of the vibration control device are different. The tuned mass damping technology has been developed as a mainstream technology for structural vibration control at present as an important means for realizing structural vibration control. As the self frequency of the prestressed tuned mass damper can be doubly tuned so as to reduce the pendulum length and increase the horizontal reverse resonance control force, the prestressed tuned mass damper is expected to become an effective technology and means for wide application and vigorous popularization and research in the field of fan vibration reduction in the future.
In recent years, more scholars and engineers put forward various fan damping devices parameter design methods under direct excitation of wind load and the like, and influence of indirect excitation of waves, earthquake load and the like is ignored. And the wind turbine is mostly positioned in the areas with frequent disasters such as canyons, mountainous areas and oceans, so that the vibration reduction of the wind turbine is also important in consideration of wave and earthquake loads.
Therefore, it is urgent to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a design and installation method of a prestress tuned mass damper under wave or earthquake load.
The technical scheme is as follows:
a design and installation method of a pre-stress tuned mass damper under wave or seismic load is carried out according to the following steps:
s1, obtaining material parameters and geometric parameters of a wind driven generator, and calculating power parameters of a tower drum structure of the wind driven generator according to the material parameters and the geometric parameters of the wind driven generator;
s2, calculating parameters of the prestress tuned mass damper according to material parameters and geometric parameters of the wind driven generator and power parameters of a tower drum structure of the wind driven generator;
s3, selecting a corresponding prestress tuned mass damper, and installing the prestress tuned mass damper on a tower drum of the wind turbine;
the wind driven generator comprises a tower drum and a cabin arranged at the top of the tower drum, blades are rotatably arranged on the cabin, and the tower drum is composed of a plurality of tower drum sections which are sequentially connected through flange plates;
the tuned mass damper comprises a mass block which is hung between the tower top and a flange plate closest to the tower top through a prestress stay cable, a plurality of viscous dampers are arranged along the circumferential direction of the mass block, and two ends of each viscous damper are respectively and elastically supported between the outer wall of the mass block and the inner wall of a corresponding tower cylinder section;
the key point is that the step S2 comprises the following steps:
s21, determining initial design parameters of the prestress tuned mass damper according to the geometric parameters of the wind driven generator;
s22, calculating to obtain a mass control tuning parameter, a rigidity control tuning parameter and a damping control tuning parameter of the prestress tuned mass damper according to the power parameter of the tower drum structure of the wind turbine, and calculating to obtain a prestress design parameter of the prestress tuned mass damper by combining the power parameter of the tower drum structure of the wind turbine and the initial design parameter of the prestress tuned mass damper;
s23, calculating to obtain an optimal frequency ratio after the prestress tuned mass damper is additionally arranged on the tower structure of the wind turbine, and a frequency ratio and a power coefficient amplitude of two branch resonance points of the prestress tuned mass damper according to the mass control tuning parameter, the rigidity control tuning parameter and the damping control tuning parameter of the prestress tuned mass damper;
and S24, calculating to obtain a damper coefficient of a viscous damper in the pre-stressed tuned mass damper according to the optimal frequency ratio of the tower structure of the wind turbine with the pre-stressed tuned mass damper, the frequency ratio of the two branch resonance points of the pre-stressed tuned mass damper and the rigidity control tuning parameters.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the design and installation method of the prestress tuned mass damper under the wave or earthquake load, based on the parameters of the wind driven generator, the parameters of the prestress tuned mass damper are obtained through calculation in a certain series, and then the corresponding prestress tuned mass damper is selected according to the parameters and installed on the wind turbine tower, so that the difficult problems that the fatigue damage of a wind turbine generator is easily caused by the wave and earthquake vibration of the land ultrahigh wind turbine tower and the safety of the tower is difficult to guarantee can be solved, and the reasonable, effective, economical, practical, safe and reliable control over the vibration of the wind turbine tower is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a wind turbine with a pre-stressed tuned mass damper installed;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a dynamic model of a wind turbine tower structure loaded with a tuned mass damper under prestress to withstand wave or seismic loads.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a design and installation method of a prestressed tuned mass damper under wave or seismic load is carried out according to the following steps:
s1, obtaining material parameters and geometric parameters of the wind driven generator, and calculating power parameters of a tower drum structure of the wind driven generator according to the material parameters and the geometric parameters of the wind driven generator.
Specifically, in step S1, the dynamic parameter of the tower structure of the wind turbine includes the generalized mass m of the towersAnd generalized stiffness ksGeneralized mass msIn kg, generalized stiffness ksHas the unit of N/m and the generalized mass msAnd generalized stiffness ksThe calculation was performed as follows:
Figure RE-GDA0003868019430000031
in the formula (1), z represents the coordinate of the tower in the height direction, M (z) represents the distribution mass of the tower, M (z) is in kg/M, M represents the mass of the engine room and the blades, M is in kg,
Figure RE-GDA0003868019430000032
representing the mode shape of the tower, H representing the total height of the tower, H in m, E representing the elastic model of the material of the wind turbine, I (z) representing the moment of inertia of the tower section, EI (z) representing the bending stiffness of the tower section,
Figure RE-GDA0003868019430000041
the value of the mode shape at the top of the column is shown.
The wind driven generator comprises a tower barrel 1 and a cabin 2 arranged at the top of the tower barrel, blades 3 are rotatably arranged on the cabin 2, and the tower barrel 1 is composed of a plurality of tower barrel sections 1a which are sequentially connected through flange plates 5. The prestress tuned mass damper 4 comprises a mass block 4b which is hung between the tower top (namely, the engine room 2) and a flange 5 nearest to the tower top through a prestress guy cable 4a, a plurality of viscous dampers 4c are arranged along the circumferential direction of the mass block 4b, and two ends of each viscous damper 4c are respectively and elastically supported between the outer wall of the mass block 4b and the inner wall of the corresponding tower cylinder section 1 a.
The mass block 3 is connected with the tower section 1a through a plurality of viscous dampers 4c which are equally divided into circumferences, so that energy is dissipated through inertia force generated by the mass block 3, the frequency of the mass block 3 is doubly tuned through prestress and suspension height, in a service environment, when the horizontal amplitude of the top of the tower 1 is small, the mass block 3 rapidly generates corresponding horizontal vibration under the action of the inertia force, and under the action of the prestress cables, the inertia force generated by the motion of the mass block 3 reacts on the structure, so that a vibration damping effect is generated.
Furthermore, viscous damper 4c preferably adopts the viscous liquid damper, the viscous liquid damper is passive damping damper, inside is full of the viscous damping liquid, for energy dissipation type damping device, not only have small, there is not initial rigidity, reuse after the shake, advantages such as damping effect is stable, be applicable to the earthquake, typhoon, the damping demand of operating modes such as mechanical vibration, and can provide reliable and stable additional damping, and can play direction and limiting displacement, still can avoid the frequency imbalance problem that big pivot angle produced as compound damping element, realize the dual tuning function of the annular mass piece under the vibration by a wide margin.
And S2, calculating parameters of the prestress tuned mass damper according to the material parameters and the geometric parameters of the wind driven generator and the power parameters of the tower drum structure of the wind turbine.
Specifically, step S2 includes:
s21, determining initial design parameters of the pre-stress tuned mass damper according to the geometric parameters of the wind driven generator.
In step S21, the initial design parameters of the tuned mass damper include the mass m of the tuned mass damperd(in kg) and suspension height h of the prestressed tuned mass damperL(in m), which are respectively expressed as:
Figure RE-GDA0003868019430000051
in the formula (2), hFThe distance between the top of the tower and the flange nearest to the top of the tower is expressed in m.
S22, calculating to obtain a mass control tuning parameter, a rigidity control tuning parameter and a damping control tuning parameter of the prestress tuned mass damper according to the power parameter of the tower drum structure of the wind turbine, and calculating to obtain a prestress design parameter of the prestress tuned mass damper by combining the power parameter of the tower drum structure of the wind turbine and the initial design parameter of the prestress tuned mass damper.
In step S22, calculating the mass control tuning parameter of the prestress tuning mass damper according to the power parameter of the tower drum structure of the wind turbine:
χ＝(ms+md)/ms (3)
in the formula (3), χ is expressed as a mass control tuning parameter of the prestress tuning mass damper;
combining the dynamic parameters of the tower drum structure of the wind turbine and the initial design parameters of the pre-stressed tuned mass damper, and calculating the pre-stressed design parameters of the pre-stressed tuned mass damper according to the following formula:
Figure RE-GDA0003868019430000052
in the formula (4), the reaction mixture is,
Figure RE-GDA0003868019430000053
vibration mode value, k, of the tower at the location of the tuned mass damper for installation of prestressing force11、 k12And k22Three rigidity elements after a prestress tuned mass damper is additionally arranged on a tower cylinder structure of a wind turbine are respectively expressed as follows:
Figure RE-GDA0003868019430000054
in the formula (5), g represents the gravity acceleration, f represents the prestress value (unit is N) of the prestress guy cable in the prestress tuned mass damper, and the f prestress value of the prestress guy cable in the prestress tuned mass damper is the prestress design parameter of the prestress tuned mass damper;
calculating the rigidity control tuning parameter of the prestress tuning mass damper according to the power parameter of the tower drum structure of the wind turbine:
Figure RE-GDA0003868019430000061
in the formula (6), alpha, gamma, lambda and K are all stiffness control tuning parameters of the prestress tuning mass damper;
calculating to obtain a damping control tuning parameter of the prestress tuning mass damper according to the power parameter of the tower structure of the wind turbine:
Figure RE-GDA0003868019430000062
in the formula (7), zeta is the damping tuning parameter of the prestress tuning mass damper, and cdTuning the damping coefficient, omega, of a viscous damper in a mass damper for prestressingsThe natural frequency of vibration (in rad/s) of a wind turbine tower structure.
S23, calculating to obtain the optimal frequency ratio of the wind turbine tower structure with the prestress tuned mass damper, the frequency ratio of two branch resonance points of the prestress tuned mass damper and the power coefficient amplitude according to the mass control tuning parameter, the rigidity control tuning parameter and the damping control tuning parameter of the prestress tuned mass damper.
In step S23, an optimal frequency ratio after the wind turbine tower structure is equipped with the tuned mass damper under prestress is calculated according to the tuned mass control parameter, the tuned stiffness control parameter and the tuned damping control parameter of the tuned mass damper under prestress:
Figure RE-GDA0003868019430000063
in the formula (8), muoptRepresenting the optimal frequency ratio after the tower structure of the wind turbine is provided with the prestress tuned mass damper;
according to the mass control tuning parameter, the rigidity control tuning parameter and the damping control tuning parameter of the prestress tuned mass damper, calculating to obtain the frequency ratio of two branch resonance points of the prestress tuned mass damper:
Figure RE-GDA0003868019430000071
in the formula (9), betaLAnd betaRRespectively representing the frequency ratios of the two branch resonance points of the prestressed tuned mass damper. It is also pointed out that after the wind turbine tower structure is additionally provided with the prestress tuned mass damper, the previous single-degree-of-freedom system is changed into a two-degree-of-freedom systemAnd (4) preparing the system. Before the single-degree-of-freedom system resonates at the natural frequency (called as a resonant point), two resonant points are arranged after the single-degree-of-freedom system is changed into a two-degree-of-freedom system, the two resonant points are respectively called as branch resonant points, and the ratio of the two branch resonant points to the natural frequency of the tower structure of the wind turbine is called as a branch resonant point frequency ratio.
Calculating to obtain the power coefficient amplitude of the pre-stress tuned mass damper according to the mass control tuning parameter, the rigidity control tuning parameter and the damping control tuning parameter of the pre-stress tuned mass damper:
Figure RE-GDA0003868019430000072
in the formula (10), etamaxRepresenting the magnitude of the dynamic coefficient of the pre-stressed tuned mass damper.
And S24, calculating to obtain a damper coefficient of a viscous damper in the prestress tuned mass damper according to the optimal frequency ratio after the prestress tuned mass damper is additionally arranged on the tower structure of the wind turbine, and the frequency ratio and the rigidity control tuned parameters of the two branch resonance points of the prestress tuned mass damper.
In step S24, the damper coefficient of the viscous damper in the pre-stressed tuned mass damper is calculated according to the optimal frequency ratio after the pre-stressed tuned mass damper is added to the tower structure of the wind turbine, and the frequency ratio and the stiffness control tuning parameters of the two branch resonance points of the pre-stressed tuned mass damper:
Figure RE-GDA0003868019430000081
in the formula (11), coptRepresenting the damper coefficient of a viscous damper in a prestressed tuned mass damper.
And S3, selecting the corresponding pre-stressed tuned mass damper, and installing the pre-stressed tuned mass damper on the tower of the wind turbine.
In particular, the mass m of a prestressed tuned mass damper is determineddSuspension height hLDistance h between tower top and flange nearest to tower topFQuality control tuning parameter chi, rigidity control tuning parameter alpha, rigidity control tuning parameter gamma, rigidity control tuning parameter lambda, rigidity control tuning parameter K, damping tuning parameter zeta, prestress value f of prestress stay cable and frequency ratio beta of two branch resonance pointsLAnd betaRAmplitude eta of dynamic coefficientmaxThe optimal frequency ratio mu after the wind turbine tower drum structure is additionally provided with the prestress tuned mass damperoptViscous damper coefficient c of prestressed tuned mass damperopt. And selecting a corresponding prestress tuned mass damper according to the parameters, and finally installing the prestress tuned mass damper on the tower of the wind turbine, so that the excellent damping effect can be achieved on the tower structure of the wind turbine.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various similar representations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A design and installation method of a pre-stress tuned mass damper under wave or seismic load is carried out according to the following steps:
s1, obtaining material parameters and geometric parameters of a wind driven generator, and calculating power parameters of a tower drum structure of the wind driven generator according to the material parameters and the geometric parameters of the wind driven generator;
s2, calculating parameters of the prestress tuned mass damper according to material parameters and geometric parameters of the wind driven generator and power parameters of a tower drum structure of the wind turbine;
s3, selecting a corresponding prestress tuned mass damper, and installing the prestress tuned mass damper on a tower of the wind turbine;
the wind driven generator comprises a tower drum and a cabin arranged at the top of the tower drum, blades are rotatably arranged on the cabin, and the tower drum is composed of a plurality of tower drum sections which are sequentially connected through flange plates;
the tuned mass damper comprises a mass block which is hung between the tower top and a flange plate closest to the tower top through a prestressed stay cable, a plurality of viscous dampers are arranged along the circumferential direction of the mass block, and two ends of each viscous damper are respectively and elastically supported between the outer wall of the mass block and the inner wall of the corresponding tower cylinder section;
characterized in that, the step S2 comprises:
s21, determining initial design parameters of the prestress tuned mass damper according to the geometric parameters of the wind driven generator;
s22, calculating a mass control tuning parameter, a rigidity control tuning parameter and a damping control tuning parameter of the prestress tuned mass damper according to the power parameter of the tower structure of the wind turbine, and calculating a prestress design parameter of the prestress tuned mass damper by combining the power parameter of the tower structure of the wind turbine and the initial design parameter of the prestress tuned mass damper;
s23, calculating to obtain an optimal frequency ratio after the prestress tuned mass damper is additionally arranged on the tower structure of the wind turbine, and a frequency ratio and a power coefficient amplitude of two branch resonance points of the prestress tuned mass damper according to the mass control tuning parameter, the rigidity control tuning parameter and the damping control tuning parameter of the prestress tuned mass damper;
and S24, calculating to obtain a damper coefficient of a viscous damper in the prestress tuned mass damper according to the optimal frequency ratio after the prestress tuned mass damper is additionally arranged on the tower structure of the wind turbine, and the frequency ratio and the rigidity control tuned parameters of the two branch resonance points of the prestress tuned mass damper.
2. The method for designing and installing a tuned mass damper under prestress of wave or seismic load as recited in claim 1, wherein in said step S1, the dynamic parameters of the tower structure of the wind turbine comprise the generalized mass m of the towersAnd generalized stiffness ksThe calculation is performed according to the following formula:
Figure RE-FDA0003868019420000021
in the formula (1), z represents the coordinate of the tower in the height direction, M (z) represents the distribution mass of the tower, M represents the mass of the nacelle and the blades,
Figure RE-FDA0003868019420000022
representing the mode shape of the tower, H representing the total height of the tower, E representing the elastic model of the material of the wind turbine, I (z) representing the moment of inertia of the tower section,
Figure RE-FDA0003868019420000023
the vibration pattern value at the top of the column is shown.
3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the initial design parameters of the tuned mass damper include mass m of the tuned mass damper in step S21dAnd suspension height h of the prestressed tuned mass damperLWhich are respectively represented as:
Figure RE-FDA0003868019420000024
in the formula (2), hFThe distance between the top of the tower and the flange nearest to the top of the tower is indicated.
4. The method for designing and installing the pre-stressed tuned mass damper under the wave or seismic load as claimed in claim 3, wherein in the step S22, the mass control tuning parameters of the pre-stressed tuned mass damper are calculated according to the dynamic parameters of the tower structure of the wind turbine:
χ＝(ms+md)/ms (3)
in the formula (3), χ is expressed as a mass control tuning parameter of the prestress tuning mass damper;
combining the dynamic parameters of the tower drum structure of the wind turbine and the initial design parameters of the pre-stressed tuned mass damper, and calculating the pre-stressed design parameters of the pre-stressed tuned mass damper according to the following formula:
Figure RE-FDA0003868019420000025
in the formula (4), the reaction mixture is,
Figure RE-FDA0003868019420000026
vibration mode value, k, of the tower at the location of the tuned mass damper for installation of prestressing force11、k12And k22Three rigidity elements after a prestress tuned mass damper is additionally arranged on a tower cylinder structure of a wind turbine are respectively expressed as follows:
Figure RE-FDA0003868019420000031
in the formula (5), g represents the gravity acceleration, f represents the prestress value of the prestress guy cable in the prestress tuned mass damper, and the f prestress value of the prestress guy cable in the prestress tuned mass damper is the prestress design parameter of the prestress tuned mass damper;
calculating the rigidity control tuning parameter of the prestress tuning mass damper according to the power parameter of the tower drum structure of the wind turbine:
Figure RE-FDA0003868019420000032
in the formula (6), alpha, gamma, lambda and K are all stiffness control tuning parameters of the prestress tuning mass damper;
calculating to obtain a damping control tuning parameter of the prestress tuning mass damper according to the power parameter of the tower structure of the wind turbine:
Figure RE-FDA0003868019420000033
in the formula (7), zeta is the damping tuning parameter of the prestress tuning mass damper, and cdTuning the damping coefficient, omega, of a viscous damper in a mass damper for prestressingsThe natural frequency of vibration of the tower structure of the wind turbine.
5. The method for designing and installing the prestress tuned mass damper under the wave or seismic load as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the step S23, the optimal frequency ratio after the prestress tuned mass damper is added to the tower structure of the wind turbine is calculated according to the mass control tuning parameter, the stiffness control tuning parameter and the damping control tuning parameter of the prestress tuned mass damper:
Figure RE-FDA0003868019420000041
in the formula (8), muoptRepresenting the optimal frequency ratio after the tower structure of the wind turbine is provided with the prestress tuned mass damper;
according to the mass control tuning parameter, the rigidity control tuning parameter and the damping control tuning parameter of the prestress tuned mass damper, calculating to obtain the frequency ratio of two branch resonance points of the prestress tuned mass damper:
Figure RE-FDA0003868019420000042
in the formula (9), betaLAnd betaRRespectively representing the frequency ratios of the two branch resonance points of the pre-stress tuned mass damper;
calculating to obtain the power coefficient amplitude of the pre-stress tuned mass damper according to the mass control tuning parameter, the rigidity control tuning parameter and the damping control tuning parameter of the pre-stress tuned mass damper:
Figure RE-FDA0003868019420000043
in the formula (10), etamaxRepresenting the magnitude of the dynamic coefficient of the pre-stressed tuned mass damper.
6. The method for designing and installing the prestress tuned mass damper under the wave or seismic load as claimed in claim 5, wherein in the step S24, the damper coefficient of the viscous damper in the prestress tuned mass damper is calculated according to the optimal frequency ratio after the prestress tuned mass damper is installed on the tower structure of the wind turbine, and the frequency ratio and the stiffness control tuning parameters of the two branch resonance points of the prestress tuned mass damper:
Figure RE-FDA0003868019420000051
in the formula (11), coptRepresenting the damper coefficient of a viscous damper in a prestressed tuned mass damper.
7. The method of claim 1 for designing and installing a tuned mass damper under wave or seismic loading, wherein: the viscous damper is a viscous liquid damper.
CN202210479264.4A 2022-05-05 2022-05-05 Design and installation method of prestress tuned mass damper under wave or earthquake load Pending CN115270316A (en)

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