CN115267872A - Method for measuring space gamma radiation dose and surface beta radioactivity in radiation region - Google Patents
Method for measuring space gamma radiation dose and surface beta radioactivity in radiation region Download PDFInfo
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- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/02—Dosimeters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/167—Measuring radioactive content of objects, e.g. contamination
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for detecting space dose and surface radioactivity of nuclear radiation, in particular to a method for measuring space gamma radiation dose and surface beta radioactivity in a radiation area, aiming at solving the defects that the position distribution of point positions which can be measured manually in the existing measuring method has larger limitation, the measuring efficiency is low, and the radiation area can cause harm to human health for a long time. The invention discloses a method for measuring space gamma radiation dose and surface beta radioactivity in a radiation region, which comprises the steps of presetting and measuring preparation of points to be measured, measuring the space gamma radiation dose and the surface beta radioactivity and reconstructing the distribution of the space radiation dose; and finally, obtaining space gamma radiation dose distribution cloud pictures and surface beta radioactivity distribution cloud pictures with different sections.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a detection method of nuclear radiation space dose and surface radioactivity, in particular to a method for measuring space gamma radiation dose and surface beta radioactivity in a radiation region.
Background
In radiation dose measurement, in order to obtain the surface radiation dose of a polluted object, a measurer needs to hold a surface contamination instrument to perform related radiation dose measurement work at a short distance, but such manual measurement work is generally only suitable for open space measurement with low radiation dose level and few measurement points. Aiming at some special environments, such as an enclosed area or a factory building, as a typical enclosed space, when an accident occurs, a large amount of radioactive substances may be dispersed in the enclosed area or the factory building, and even a large amount of radioactive aerosol is adsorbed on the inner wall of the enclosed area or the factory building. When the condition of an area to be measured is not clear, the manual measurement efficiency is low, the point location distribution position capable of being measured is limited greatly, the manual work is difficult to reach the measurement point location with a high position, and a measurement person directly enters the space to be measured and can be in a high-dose-rate radiation field for a long time, so that the irradiation damage is generated, and the health of a human body is threatened.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects that the position distribution of the point positions can be measured manually in the existing measuring method has larger limitation, the measuring efficiency is low, and the radiation area can cause harm to the health of a human body for a long time, the measuring method of the space gamma radiation dose and the surface beta radioactivity in the radiation area is provided.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:
a method for measuring the gamma radiation dose and the beta radioactivity of the surface in a space in a radiation area is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, presetting and measuring preparation of points to be measured
1.1, distributing a plurality of beta marking points for measuring the beta radioactivity of the surface on the surface of a radiation area;
1.2 establishing a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system for the radiation area by taking the beta mark point as a reference, and taking the inlet center of the radiation area as the origin of the coordinate system; determining three-dimensional coordinates of all beta mark points according to a coordinate system;
1.3 arranging a plurality of gamma marking points for measuring the gamma radiation dose of a space in a radiation area to obtain three-dimensional coordinates of the gamma marking points;
1.4, arranging a radiation measurement system at an entrance of a radiation area, wherein the front end of a probe of the radiation measurement system is positioned at the origin of a coordinate system; the radiation measurement system can be adjusted to enable the front end of the probe to reach the positions of different beta mark points or gamma mark points for measurement, the radiation measurement system is connected with a remote control terminal, and the radiation measurement system is controlled through the remote control terminal;
1.5, inputting the coordinate system data established in the step 1.2 into a remote control terminal, and importing the three-dimensional coordinates of the beta mark points and the three-dimensional coordinates of the gamma mark points established in the step 1.2 and the step 1.3;
step 2, measurement of spatial gamma radiation dose and surface beta radioactivity
Controlling a radiation measurement system through a remote control terminal to enable the front end of a probe of the radiation measurement system to sequentially move to each beta mark point and each gamma mark point for measurement, and obtaining a surface beta radioactivity value of each beta mark point and a space gamma radiation dose value of each gamma mark point;
step 3, spatial radiation dose distribution reconstruction
And (3) performing spatial radiation distribution reconstruction on the radiation area based on the surface beta radioactivity value of each beta mark point and the spatial gamma radiation dose value of each gamma mark point measured in the step (2), and respectively drawing a surface beta radioactivity distribution cloud picture and spatial gamma radiation dose distribution cloud pictures of different sections in the radiation area.
Further, in step 1.1, a plurality of β marker points are arranged on the surface of the radiation area according to the following arrangement rule:
a. in the interval of which the height h from the ground is not less than 1.5m and not more than 1.8m, the vertical distance between adjacent beta mark points is 3 times of the diameter of the front end of a probe of the radiation measurement system;
b. in the interval with the height h less than 1.5m from the ground and the height h more than 1.8m from the ground, the vertical distance of the beta mark points is 6 times of the diameter of the front end of the probe;
c. the horizontal distance between adjacent beta mark points is more than 3 times of the diameter of the front end of the radiation measuring system probe, and at least 3 beta mark points are arranged on the same horizontal position of the surface of the radiation area.
Further, in step 1.3, a plurality of gamma mark points for measuring the spatial gamma radiation dose are arranged according to the following rule:
a. the gamma mark points are arranged at each height position corresponding to the beta mark points;
b. in the horizontal direction, the horizontal distance between adjacent gamma mark points is more than 3 times of the diameter of the front end of the probe of the radiation measurement system, the horizontal distance is less than or equal to half of the horizontal distance of the beta mark points, and at least 3 gamma mark points are arranged on the same horizontal position.
Further, in the step 2, when the radioactivity value of the β marker is measured, the front end of the probe of the radiation measurement system is controlled to leave a gap between the front end of the probe and the plane where the β marker to be measured is located, and after the front end of the probe is adjusted to be parallel to the plane where the β marker to be measured is located, the front end of the probe is controlled to be attached to the plane where the β marker is located.
Further, the radiation measurement system comprises the probe, an adjusting bracket connected with the probe, and a mobile platform; the adjusting support is connected to the moving platform and is driven by the driving unit to rotate, rotate and stretch out and draw back at multiple angles.
The adjusting bracket can be a six-axis mechanical arm, a three-axis mechanical arm or other mechanical arms capable of realizing corresponding functions.
Furthermore, a plurality of distance sensors with different angles are arranged around the probe of the radiation measurement system and are used for measuring the distance between the distance sensors and the plane where the beta mark points are located; the distance sensor is connected with the remote control terminal and used for controlling the driving unit to work.
Further, in step 2, when each β marker and each γ marker are measured, the measurement is repeated for a plurality of times, and the data is transmitted to the remote control terminal, and the average value is calculated by the remote control terminal as the finally obtained surface β radioactivity value of each β marker and the space γ radiation dose value of each γ marker.
Further, in step 1.2, the radiation area is three-dimensionally reconstructed by a photogrammetric system and a three-dimensional reconstruction technology with the beta mark point as a reference, and a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system is established.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the measuring method can be applied to the measurement of a closed space or a non-closed space, and has wider application range; the automatic control program through radiation measurement system and remote control terminal realizes the measurement to a large amount of measurement stations, need not the manual work and gets into the radiation region, compares with the manual measurement and has accurate, efficient characteristics.
2. The invention distributes points uniformly in the radiation area and the surface, covers the whole radiation area, measures by remotely controlling the radiation measurement system, has no manual limitation on the distribution of measurement point positions, can realize scientific and reasonable distribution and establishes a more accurate distribution cloud chart.
3. According to the invention, the radiation condition in the radiation area is reflected by drawing the surface beta radioactivity distribution cloud picture and the space gamma radiation dose distribution cloud picture, so that emergency personnel are effectively guided to carry out accident consequence treatment.
4. The invention can establish a radiation distribution cloud picture in the closed space, can determine three-dimensional boundary distribution by detecting the distribution condition in the closed space when the whole condition in the space is not clear, and simultaneously, other gas detectors are arranged around the probe of the radiation measurement system, thereby being beneficial to technical personnel to continuously carry out work in other fields.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following specific examples:
example one
The invention discloses a method for measuring space gamma radiation dose and surface beta radioactivity in a radiation region, which is applied to the measurement of a closed space, and a flow chart is shown in figure 1, and comprises the following steps:
step 1, presetting and measuring preparation of points to be measured
1.1, distributing a plurality of beta marking points for measuring the beta radioactivity of the surface on the inner surface of a closed space; the distribution rule of the beta mark points is as follows:
a. in the interval of which the height h from the ground is not less than 1.5m and not more than 1.8m, the vertical distance between adjacent beta mark points is 3 times of the diameter of the front end of a probe of the radiation measurement system;
b. in the interval of the height h from the ground less than 1.5m and the height h from the ground more than 1.8m, the vertical distance of the beta mark points is 6 times of the diameter of the front end of the probe;
c. the horizontal distance between adjacent beta mark points is more than 3 times of the diameter of the front end of the probe of the radiation measurement system, and at least 3 beta mark points are arranged on the same horizontal position of the surface of the radiation area.
1.2 establishing a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system for the closed space of the radiation area by taking the beta mark point as a reference through a photogrammetry system and a three-dimensional reconstruction technology, and taking the inlet center of the closed space as the origin of the coordinate system; determining the three-dimensional coordinates (x) of all beta marking points according to the coordinate system1,y1,z1)。
1.3 arranging multiple gamma radiation as measuring space in the radiation areaShooting dose of gamma mark point to obtain three-dimensional coordinate (x) of gamma mark point2,y2,z2) Or obtaining the three-dimensional coordinate (x) of the gamma mark point by a linear difference algorithm according to the coordinate of the beta mark point2,y2,z2) (ii) a The layout rule of the gamma marking points is as follows:
a. the gamma mark points are arranged at each height position corresponding to the beta mark points;
b. in the horizontal direction, the horizontal distance between adjacent gamma mark points is more than 3 times of the diameter of the front end of the probe of the radiation measurement system, the horizontal distance is less than or equal to half of the horizontal distance of the beta mark points, and at least 3 gamma mark points are arranged on the same horizontal position.
1.4, arranging a radiation measurement system at an entrance of a radiation area, wherein the front end of a probe of the radiation measurement system is positioned at the origin of a coordinate system; the radiation measurement system can be adjusted to enable the front end of the probe to reach the positions of different beta mark points or gamma mark points for measurement, the radiation measurement system is connected with a remote control terminal, and the radiation measurement system is controlled through the remote control terminal;
1.5, inputting the coordinate system data established in the step 1.2 into a remote control terminal, and importing the three-dimensional coordinates of the beta mark points and the three-dimensional coordinates of the gamma mark points established in the step 1.2 and the step 1.3;
step 2, measurement of spatial gamma radiation dose and surface beta radioactivity
2.1 measurement of spatial Gamma radiation dose
2.1.1 the remote control terminal controls the radiation measurement system to enable the front end of the probe of the radiation measurement system to move to one gamma marking point, at least twenty times of repeated measurement are carried out, the measurement data are transmitted back to the remote control terminal, and the average value is obtained and used as the gamma radiation dose value of the point space;
and 2.1.2, repeating the step 2.1.1, and sequentially moving to different gamma mark points until the measurement of all the gamma mark points is completed to obtain the space gamma radiation dose value of each gamma mark point.
2.2 surface beta radioactivity measurement
2.2.1 controlling the front end of a probe of the radiation measurement system to move to a position 10-15cm away from one beta mark point;
2.2.2 arranging a plurality of distance sensors around the probe, and controlling the radiation measurement system to adjust the angle of the probe so that the two last decimal points of the measurement results of the plurality of distance sensors around the probe are consistent, namely, the front end of the probe is considered to be parallel to the plane of the beta mark point;
2.2.3 keeping the parallel position relation in 2.2.2 unchanged, and controlling the front end of the probe to be close to the beta mark point until the front end of the probe is attached to the plane where the beta mark point is located;
2.2.4 repeatedly measuring the surface beta radioactivity value of the point position for at least twenty times, transmitting the surface beta radioactivity value back to the remote control terminal, and obtaining an average value as the surface beta radioactivity value;
2.2.5 repeating steps 2.2.1 to 2.2.4 to measure each beta-marked point in turn until all the beta-marked points are measured, and obtaining the surface beta radioactivity value of each beta-marked point.
Step 3, spatial radiation dose distribution reconstruction
3.1 location coordinates (x) based on the beta markers in step 11,y1,z1) And the position coordinates (x) of the gamma marking points2,y2,z2) And all surface beta radioactivity values and spatial gamma radiation dose values (denoted by A) measured in step 2, respectively, to obtain a four-dimensional variable (x) for each beta marker point1,y1,z1A) and the four-dimensional variable (x) of the gamma marker point2,y2,z2,A)。
3.2 four-dimensional variables (x) based on all beta-labeled points obtained in 3.11,y1,z1A) and gamma labels corresponding four-dimensional variables (x)2,y2,z2And A), respectively drawing a surface beta radioactivity distribution cloud picture and a space gamma radiation dose distribution cloud picture of different sections.
And 3.2, the beta radioactivity distribution cloud picture and the space gamma radiation dose distribution cloud pictures with different sections can effectively guide emergency personnel to carry out accident consequence treatment.
The radiation measurement system comprises the probe, an adjusting bracket connected with the probe and a mobile platform; the adjusting support is connected to the moving platform and is driven by the driving unit to rotate, rotate and stretch out and draw back at multiple angles.
The adjusting bracket can be a six-axis mechanical arm, a three-axis mechanical arm or other mechanical arms capable of realizing corresponding functions.
Example two
In this embodiment, the measurement method is applied to measurement of space gamma radiation dose and surface beta radioactivity in an unconfined space, the unconfined space has no peripheral shielding, the surface of a radiation area only includes the ground, an entrance is determined at the boundary of the radiation area, and on the basis of the first embodiment, only step 1.1 and step 1.3 need to be modified:
step 1.1, distributing a plurality of beta marking points for measuring the beta radioactivity of the surface on the ground of a radiation area;
the layout rule of the beta mark points is as follows: the horizontal distance between adjacent beta mark points is more than 3 times of the diameter of the front end of the radiation measurement system probe, and at least 3 beta mark points are arranged at the same horizontal position.
Step 1.3, arranging a plurality of gamma marking points for measuring the gamma radiation dose of the space in the radiation area to obtain the three-dimensional coordinates (x) of the gamma marking points2,y2,z2) (ii) a The layout rule of the gamma marking points is as follows:
a. in the interval of which the height h from the ground is not less than 1.5m and not more than 1.8m, the vertical distance of the gamma mark points is 3 times of the diameter of the front end of the probe of the radiation measurement system;
b. in the interval of the height h from the ground less than 1.5m and the height h from the ground more than 1.8m, the vertical distance of the gamma mark points is 6 times of the diameter of the front end of the probe;
c. the horizontal distance between adjacent gamma mark points is more than 3 times of the diameter of the front end of the probe of the radiation measurement system, the horizontal distance is less than or equal to half of the horizontal distance of the beta mark points, and at least 3 gamma mark points are arranged at the same horizontal position.
The other steps are the same as the first embodiment, and finally the surface beta radioactivity distribution cloud picture of the corresponding non-sealed area and the space gamma radiation dose distribution cloud picture of different sections are obtained.
EXAMPLE III
In other embodiments of the present invention, step 2 may also be performed first in step 2.2, and then in step 2.1, and the remaining steps are the same as in the first embodiment or the second embodiment, which has no influence on the result.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, the invention is not limited thereto, and various equivalent modifications or substitutions can be easily made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (8)
1. A method for measuring a spatial gamma radiation dose and a surface beta radioactivity in a radiation region, comprising the steps of:
step 1, presetting and measuring preparation of points to be measured
1.1, distributing a plurality of beta marking points for measuring the beta radioactivity of the surface on the surface of a radiation area;
1.2 establishing a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system for the radiation area by taking the beta mark point as a reference, and taking the inlet center of the radiation area as the origin of the coordinate system; determining three-dimensional coordinates of all beta mark points according to a coordinate system;
1.3 arranging a plurality of gamma marking points for measuring the gamma radiation dose of the space in a radiation area to obtain three-dimensional coordinates of the gamma marking points;
1.4, arranging a radiation measurement system at an entrance of a radiation area, wherein the front end of a probe of the radiation measurement system is positioned at the origin of a coordinate system; the radiation measurement system can be adjusted to enable the front end of the probe to reach the positions of different beta mark points or gamma mark points for measurement, the radiation measurement system is connected with a remote control terminal, and the radiation measurement system is controlled through the remote control terminal;
1.5, inputting the coordinate system data established in the step 1.2 into a remote control terminal, and importing the three-dimensional coordinates of the beta mark points and the three-dimensional coordinates of the gamma mark points established in the step 1.2 and the step 1.3;
step 2, measurement of spatial gamma radiation dose and surface beta radioactivity
Controlling a radiation measurement system through a remote control terminal to enable the front end of a probe of the radiation measurement system to sequentially move to each beta mark point and each gamma mark point for measurement, and obtaining a surface beta radioactivity value of each beta mark point and a space gamma radiation dose value of each gamma mark point;
step 3, spatial radiation dose distribution reconstruction
And 3, performing spatial radiation distribution reconstruction on the radiation area based on the surface beta radioactivity value of each beta mark point and the spatial gamma radiation dose value of each gamma mark point measured in the step 2, and respectively drawing a surface beta radioactivity distribution cloud picture and spatial gamma radiation dose distribution cloud pictures of different sections in the radiation area.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:
in step 1.1, a plurality of beta mark points are distributed on the surface of the radiation area according to the following distribution rule:
a. in the interval of which the height h from the ground is not less than 1.5m and not more than 1.8m, the vertical distance between adjacent beta mark points is 3 times of the diameter of the front end of a probe of the radiation measurement system;
b. in the interval with the height h less than 1.5m from the ground and the height h more than 1.8m from the ground, the vertical distance of the beta mark points is 6 times of the diameter of the front end of the probe;
c. the horizontal distance between adjacent beta mark points is more than 3 times of the diameter of the front end of the probe of the radiation measurement system, and at least 3 beta mark points are arranged on the same horizontal position of the surface of the radiation area.
3. The method for measuring a spatial gamma radiation dose and a surface beta radioactivity in a radiation area according to claim 2, wherein:
in step 1.3, a plurality of gamma mark points for measuring the space gamma radiation dose are distributed, and the distribution rule is as follows:
a. the gamma mark points are arranged at each height position corresponding to the beta mark points;
b. the horizontal distance between adjacent gamma mark points is more than 3 times of the diameter of the front end of the probe of the radiation measurement system, the horizontal distance is less than or equal to half of the horizontal distance of the beta mark points, and at least 3 gamma mark points are arranged on the same horizontal position.
4. A method for measuring the dose of gamma radiation and the beta radioactivity at the surface of a space within a radiation region as defined in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein:
in the step 2, when the radioactivity value of the beta mark point is measured, a gap is left between the front end of the probe of the radiation measurement system and the plane where the beta mark point to be measured is located, and after the front end of the probe is adjusted to be parallel to the plane where the beta mark point to be measured is located, the front end of the probe is controlled to be attached to the plane where the beta mark point is located.
5. The method for measuring the gamma radiation dose and the beta radiation at the surface of the space in the radiation area according to claim 4, wherein:
the radiation measurement system comprises the probe, an adjusting bracket connected with the probe and a mobile platform; the adjusting support is connected to the moving platform and is driven by the driving unit to rotate, rotate and stretch out and draw back at multiple angles.
6. The method for measuring the spatial gamma radiation dose and the surface beta radioactivity within a radiation area according to claim 5, wherein:
a plurality of distance sensors with different angles are arranged around a probe of the radiation measurement system and are used for measuring the distance between the distance sensors and the plane where the beta mark points are located; the distance sensor is connected with the remote control terminal and used for controlling the driving unit to work.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the method further comprises the steps of:
in step 2, when each beta mark point and each gamma mark point are measured, repeated measurement is carried out for a plurality of times, data are transmitted to a remote control terminal, and an average value is calculated through the remote control terminal to serve as a finally obtained surface beta radioactivity value of each beta mark point and a space gamma radiation dose value of each gamma mark point.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the method further comprises:
and 1.2, carrying out three-dimensional numerical reconstruction on the radiation area by using the beta mark point as a reference through a photogrammetric system and a three-dimensional reconstruction technology, and establishing a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system.
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