CN115263604A - Hole-aligning mutual-striking injector applied to light quick-response two-component engine - Google Patents

Hole-aligning mutual-striking injector applied to light quick-response two-component engine Download PDF

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CN115263604A
CN115263604A CN202210713806.XA CN202210713806A CN115263604A CN 115263604 A CN115263604 A CN 115263604A CN 202210713806 A CN202210713806 A CN 202210713806A CN 115263604 A CN115263604 A CN 115263604A
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hole
fine
group
thin
holes
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汪凤山
姚兆普
黄景怀
汪旭东
张�杰
严浩
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Beijing Institute of Control Engineering
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Beijing Institute of Control Engineering
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02KJET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02K9/00Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof
    • F02K9/42Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof using liquid or gaseous propellants
    • F02K9/44Feeding propellants
    • F02K9/52Injectors

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a hole-aligning mutual-striking injector applied to a light fast-response two-component engine, which comprises: a flange, a connecting pipe and an injection head; the inner end face of the flange is connected with one end of the connecting pipe; the inner end surface of the injection head is connected with the other end of the connecting pipe; and the nozzle is located inside the injector head; one end of the injection head is connected with the flange. The invention improves the flame distribution uniformity in the combustion chamber, and can obviously improve the performance and the service life of the double-component liquid rocket engine.

Description

Hole-aligning mutual-striking injector applied to light quick-response two-component engine
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of space propulsion, and particularly relates to a hole-aligning mutual-impact injector applied to a light fast-response two-component engine.
Background
The hole-aligning mutual-impact injector has a simple structure and excellent atomization performance, and is widely applied to space liquid rocket engines. The prior art generally adopts a single-group mutual hitting hole structure, and has the following disadvantages:
first, given the combination of propellant and injection pressure drop, the quality of propellant atomization deteriorates with increasing flow rate, limiting the improvement in engine performance.
Secondly, due to the characteristic of a single-group mutual-striking hole structure, the concentration distribution gradient of two propellants in a thrust chamber is very large, so that the flame distribution in a combustion chamber is extremely uneven, local hot spots are easily generated on the wall surface of the combustion chamber, and even the engine is possibly structurally damaged.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the technical problems that: the defects in the prior art are overcome, the hole-aligning mutual impact injector applied to the light fast-response two-component engine is provided, the flame distribution uniformity in a combustion chamber is improved, and the performance and the service life of the two-component liquid rocket engine can be obviously improved.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a hole-to-hole impingement injector for use in a light-weight, fast-response, two-component engine, comprising: a flange, a connecting pipe and an injection head; the inner end face of the flange is connected with one end of the connecting pipe; the inner end surface of the injection head is connected with the other end of the connecting pipe; and the nozzle is located inside the injector head; one end of the injection head is connected with the flange.
In the hole aligning mutual impact injector applied to the light and quick response two-component engine, the end surface of the flange is an approximately equilateral triangle, and three corners of the approximately equilateral triangle are fillets; the outer end face of the flange is provided with a round hole; the bottom surface of the round hole is provided with two groups of first step hole groups which are symmetrically distributed along the central line of the round hole; each group of step hole groups comprise a first step hole, a second step hole and a third step hole; the first stepped hole, the second stepped hole and the third stepped hole are communicated in sequence; the inner end face of the flange is distributed with a step shaft, and a first step and a second step are sequentially arranged on the step shaft.
In the hole aligning mutual impact injector applied to the light and quick response two-component engine, three circular through holes are uniformly distributed at the top edge fillet of the flange.
In the hole-aligning mutual impact injector applied to the light fast-response two-component engine, the connecting pipe is a step shaft with a central through hole; the connecting pipe is sequentially provided with a first step, a second step, a third step and a fourth step from the small end face to the large end face; wherein the first step is disposed within the second step bore and the second step is disposed within the third step bore; the central through hole of the connecting pipe is communicated with the first stepped hole.
In the hole-aligning mutual-striking injector applied to the light fast-response two-component engine, the injection head comprises a step ring, a support column, a circular ring and a cylinder; wherein one end of the cylinder is connected with the step ring; the other end of the cylinder is connected with the circular ring through a support column; the circular ring is connected with the inner end face of the flange.
In the hole-aligning mutual impact injector applied to the light and fast response two-component engine, two groups of second step hole groups symmetrically distributed along the central line of the cylinder are arranged on the inner end surface of the cylinder; each group of second stepped hole groups comprises a fourth stepped hole and a fifth stepped hole; the fourth stepped hole and the fifth stepped hole are communicated in sequence; a long waist hole is formed in the bottom of the fifth step hole; the bottom of the long waist hole is provided with a thin through hole group; one end of the thin through hole group is communicated with the long waist hole, and the other end of the thin through hole group is communicated with the step ring; the fourth step is arranged in the fifth step hole, and the third step is arranged in the fourth step hole.
In the hole-aligning mutual impact injector applied to the light and quick response two-component engine, the number of the long waist holes is two, and the number of the thin through hole groups is two; each group of fine through holes comprises a first fine through hole, a second fine through hole and a third fine through hole; the first thin through holes of the first group of thin through hole groups and the first thin through holes of the second group of thin through hole groups are coplanar and intersected to form a first group of mutual impact holes; the second thin through holes of the first group of thin through hole groups and the second thin through holes of the second group of thin through hole groups are coplanar and intersected to form a second group of mutual impact holes; and the third fine through hole of the first group of fine through hole groups and the third fine through hole of the second group of fine through hole groups are intersected in a coplanar mode to form a third group of mutual impact holes.
In the hole-aligning mutual impact injector applied to the light and quick response two-component engine, the following constraint relationship exists among the first group of mutual impact holes, the second group of mutual impact holes and the third group of mutual impact holes:
D2=1.133D1;
cosβ2=1.284cosα2
Figure BDA0003707997210000031
Δ=min(a,b)/2;
(a-Δ)tanβ1=(b+Δ)tanα1
(a+Δ)tanβ3=(b-Δ)tanα3
wherein D1 is the inner diameter of a first fine through hole of the first group of fine through hole groups, a second fine through hole of the first group of fine through hole groups and a third fine through hole of the first group of fine through hole groups; d2 is the inner diameter of the first fine through hole of the second group of fine through hole groups, the second fine through hole of the second group of fine through hole groups and the third fine through hole of the second group of fine through hole groups; alpha (alpha) ("alpha")1The included angle between the first thin through hole of the first group of thin through holes and the central axis is formed; alpha is alpha2The included angle between the second thin through hole of the first group of thin through holes and the central axis is formed; alpha (alpha) ("alpha")3The third thin through hole of the first group of thin through hole groups forms an included angle with the central axis; beta is a1The included angle between the first thin through hole of the second group of thin through holes and the central axis is formed; beta is a2The included angle between the second thin through hole of the second group of thin through holes and the central axis is formed; beta is a3The third thin through hole of the second group of thin through holes forms an included angle with the central axis; a is the distance between the center of the inlet at the right end of the second thin through hole of the first group of thin through holes and the central axis; b is the distance between the center of the inlet at the right end of the second thin through hole of the second group of thin through holes and the central axis, and delta is half of the minimum value of a and b.
In the hole-aligning mutual impact injector applied to the light and fast response two-component engine, the number of the support columns is not less than 2, and the plurality of support columns are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the circular ring.
In the hole-to-hole mutual-striking injector applied to the light and quick response two-component engine, the central axis of the first stepped hole, the central axis of the second stepped hole and the central axis of the third stepped hole are overlapped.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The invention realizes the atomization of the propellant by adopting a plurality of groups of mutual impact holes, reduces the load of a single group of mutual impact holes, can greatly improve the atomization quality of the propellant, and obviously improves the performance of an engine with larger thrust magnitude;
(2) The invention enhances the intercross mixing effect among different nozzles by organizing the interaction among a plurality of groups of mutual impact holes, obviously enhances the propellant mixing efficiency, and simultaneously obviously improves the flame distribution uniformity in a combustion chamber, the performance and the service life of the double-component liquid rocket engine.
Drawings
Various additional advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to refer to like parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a front cross-sectional view of a hole-to-hole interaction injector for use with a lightweight and fast response two-component engine, according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top cross-sectional view of a flange provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an elevation view of a flange provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a front cross-sectional view of a nozzle provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an elevational cross-sectional view of an injector head provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a top cross-sectional view of an injector head provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a front view of an injector head provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a rear view of an injector head provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a hole-to-hole interaction injector for use with a lightweight fast response two-component engine, according to an embodiment of the present invention;
figure 10 is another schematic view of an injector head provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
FIG. 1 is a front cross-sectional view of a hole-to-hole interaction injector for use with a lightweight and fast response two-component engine, according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 9 is a perspective view of a hole-to-hole mutual-impact injector applied to a light-weight and fast-response two-component engine according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1 and 9, the hole-aligning mutual-striking injector applied to the light-weight and fast-response two-component engine comprises a flange 1, a connecting pipe 2 and an injection head 3, wherein the number of the matching parts of the flange 1 and the injection head 3 is 1, and the number of the matching parts of the connecting pipe 2 is 2; wherein the flange 1 is connected with one end of the connecting pipe 2; the injection head 3 is connected with the other end of the connecting pipe 2; the injection head 3 is connected with one end of the flange 1; the injection head 3 is connected with the flange 1 in a vacuum electron beam welding mode; the connecting pipe 2 is connected with the flange 1 and the injection head 3 in a vacuum brazing mode.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the flange 1 is a triangular prism with equilateral end face, and three top edges are rounded; the outer end face of the flange 1 is provided with a round hole 11; the bottom surface of the round hole 11 is provided with two groups of first step hole groups which are symmetrically distributed along the central line of the round hole 11; each group of stepped hole groups comprises a first stepped hole 14, a second stepped hole 15 and a third stepped hole 16; the first stepped hole 14, the second stepped hole 15 and the third stepped hole 16 are communicated in sequence, and the central axis of the first stepped hole 14, the central axis of the second stepped hole 15 and the central axis of the third stepped hole 16 are overlapped. The inner end of the flange 1 is provided with a 1 st step 12 and a 2 nd step 13. Three circular through holes 17 are uniformly distributed at the round corners of the top edge of the flange 1.
As shown in fig. 4, the adapter 2 is a stepped shaft with a central through hole; the connecting pipe 2 is distributed with a first step 21, a second step 22, a third step 23 and a fourth step 24 from the small end surface to the large end surface; wherein, the first step 21 is arranged in the second step hole 15, and the second step 22 is arranged in the third step hole 16; the central through hole of the adapter tube 2 communicates with the first stepped hole 14.
As shown in fig. 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9, the injector head 3 includes a step ring 31, a support column 32, a circular ring 33 and a cylinder 340; wherein, one end of the cylinder 340 is connected with the step ring 31; the other end of the cylinder 340 is connected with the circular ring 33 through the supporting column 32; the ring 33 is connected to the inner end surface of the flange 1. Specifically, the end face of the ring 33 is welded to the 1 st step 12, and the inner wall of the ring 33 is welded to the vertical edge between the 1 st step 12 and the 2 nd step 13. The number of the support columns 32 is not less than 2, and the plurality of support columns 32 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the ring 33.
The inner end surface of the cylinder 340 is provided with two groups of second step hole groups 34 which are symmetrically distributed along the central line of the cylinder 340; each group of second stepped hole groups comprises a fourth stepped hole 35 and a fifth stepped hole 36; wherein, the fourth stepped hole 35 and the fifth stepped hole 36 are communicated in sequence. A long waist hole 37 is formed at the bottom of the fifth step hole 36; the bottom of the long waist hole 37 is provided with a thin through hole group; wherein, one end of the thin through hole group is communicated with the long waist hole 37, and the other end of the thin through hole group is communicated with the step ring 31; the fourth step 24 is disposed in the fifth step hole 36, and the third step 23 is disposed in the fourth step hole 35.
The number of the long waist holes 37 is two, and the number of the thin through hole groups is two; wherein each set of fine vias comprises a first fine via 381, a second fine via 382, and a third fine via 383; wherein, the first fine through hole 381 of the first group of fine through hole groups and the first fine through hole 381 of the second group of fine through hole groups are coplanar and intersected to form a first group of mutual impact holes; the second fine through holes 382 of the first set of fine through hole groups and the second fine through holes 382 of the second set of fine through hole groups are intersected in a coplanar manner to form a second set of mutual impact holes; the third fine through hole 383 of the first set of fine through hole groups and the third fine through hole 383 of the second set of fine through hole groups intersect in a coplanar manner to form a third set of mutual impact holes.
As shown in fig. 8 and 10, the first, second, and third sets of interburning holes have the following constraint relationship:
D2=1.133D1;
cosβ2=1.284cosα2
Figure BDA0003707997210000061
Δ=min(a,b)/2;
(a-Δ)tanβ1=(b+Δ)tanα1
(a+Δ)tanβ3=(b-Δ)tanα3
wherein D1 is the inside diameter of the first fine through hole 381 of the first group of fine through holes, the second fine through hole 382 of the first group of fine through holes, and the third fine through hole 383 of the first group of fine through holes; d2 is the inner diameter of the first fine via 381 of the second set of fine via groups, the second fine via 382 of the second set of fine via groups, and the third fine via 383 of the second set of fine via groups; alpha (alpha) ("alpha")1The first fine through hole 381 which is the first group of fine through holes forms an included angle with the central axis; alpha is alpha2The second fine through hole 382 of the first group of fine through holes forms an included angle with the central axis; alpha is alpha3The third fine through hole 383 of the first group of fine through holes forms an included angle with the central axis; beta is a beta1Is the angle between the first thin through hole 381 of the second group of thin through holes and the central axis; beta is a2The second fine through hole 382 of the second set of fine through holes forms an angle with the central axis; beta is a3The third fine through hole 383 of the second group of fine through holes forms an included angle with the central axis; a is the distance between the center of the inlet at the right end of the second fine through hole 382 of the first group of fine through holes and the central axis; b is the distance between the center of the inlet at the right end of the second fine through hole 382 of the second fine through hole group and the central axis, and Δ is half of the minimum value of the two values of a and b.
Through the formula, the relationship among the diameters, angles and spatial positions of the mutual impact holes of the fuel and oxidant channels can be determined, good mutual impact jet atomization of the fuel and the oxidant can be realized, the spatial distribution of the droplet groups is uniform, the propellant mixing effect is good, the combustion efficiency is high, and the engine using the injector can achieve higher specific impulse performance. The propellant is a combination of methylhydrazine and dinitrogen tetroxide.
The invention realizes the atomization of the propellant by adopting a plurality of groups of mutual impact holes, reduces the load of a single group of mutual impact holes to 1/3 of the original load, can greatly improve the atomization quality of the propellant, and obviously improves the performance of an engine with larger thrust magnitude; the invention enhances the intercross mixing effect among different nozzles by organizing the interaction among a plurality of groups of mutual impact holes, obviously enhances the propellant mixing efficiency, and simultaneously obviously improves the flame distribution uniformity in a combustion chamber and the performance and the service life of the two-component liquid rocket engine.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make variations and modifications of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention by using the methods and technical contents disclosed above.

Claims (10)

1. A hole-to-hole interaction injector for use in a lightweight fast response two-component engine, comprising: the nozzle comprises a flange (1), a connecting pipe (2) and an injection head (3); wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
the inner end surface of the flange (1) is connected with one end of the connecting pipe (2); the inner end surface of the injection head (3) is connected with the other end of the connecting pipe (2); and the adapter (2) is located inside the injector head (3);
one end of the injection head (3) is connected with the flange (1).
2. A hole-to-bore interaction injector for a light-weight, fast-response, two-component engine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the end face of the flange (1) is an approximately equilateral triangle, and the three corners of the approximately equilateral triangle are rounded off;
a round hole (11) is formed in the outer end face of the flange (1);
the bottom surface of the round hole (11) is provided with two groups of first step hole groups which are symmetrically distributed along the central line of the round hole (11); each group of stepped hole groups comprises a first stepped hole (14), a second stepped hole (15) and a third stepped hole (16); the first stepped hole (14), the second stepped hole (15) and the third stepped hole (16) are communicated in sequence;
the inner end of the flange (1) is provided with a step.
3. A hole-to-bore interaction injector for a light-weight, fast-response, two-component engine as claimed in claim 2, wherein: three circular through holes (17) are uniformly distributed at the top edge round angle of the flange (1).
4. The hole-to-hole mutual-impact injector applied to the light-weight and quick-response two-component engine as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the connecting pipe (2) is a step shaft with a central through hole; the connecting pipe (2) is sequentially provided with a first step (21), a second step (22), a third step (23) and a fourth step (24) from the small end face to the large end face; wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
the first step (21) is arranged in the second step hole (15), and the second step (22) is arranged in the third step hole (16);
the central through hole of the connecting pipe (2) is communicated with the first stepped hole (14).
5. The hole-to-hole mutual-impact injector applied to the light-weight and quick-response two-component engine according to claim 4, wherein: the injection head (3) comprises a step ring (31), a support column (32), a circular ring (33) and a cylinder (340); wherein the content of the first and second substances,
one end of the cylinder (340) is connected with the step ring (31);
the other end of the cylinder (340) is connected with the circular ring (33) through a supporting column (32);
the circular ring (33) is connected with the inner end face of the flange (1).
6. The hole-to-hole mutual-impact injector applied to the light-weight and quick-response two-component engine according to claim 5, wherein: two groups of second step hole groups (34) symmetrically distributed along the central line of the cylinder (340) are formed in the inner end surface of the cylinder (340); each group of second stepped hole groups comprises a fourth stepped hole (35) and a fifth stepped hole (36); the fourth stepped hole (35) and the fifth stepped hole (36) are communicated in sequence;
a long waist hole (37) is formed in the bottom of the fifth step hole (36); the bottom of the long waist hole (37) is provided with a thin through hole group; one end of the thin through hole group is communicated with the long waist hole (37), and the other end of the thin through hole group is communicated with the step ring (31);
the fourth step (24) is arranged in the fifth step hole (36), and the third step (23) is arranged in the fourth step hole (35).
7. A hole-to-bore interaction injector for a light-weight, fast-response, two-component engine as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the number of the long waist holes (37) is two, and the number of the thin through hole groups is two; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
each set of fine through holes comprises a first fine through hole (381), a second fine through hole (382), and a third fine through hole (383); wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the first thin through hole (381) of the first group of thin through hole groups and the first thin through hole (381) of the second group of thin through hole groups are intersected in a coplanar mode to form a first group of mutual impact holes;
the second thin through hole (382) of the first set of thin through hole groups and the second thin through hole (382) of the second set of thin through hole groups are intersected in a coplanar mode to form a second set of mutual impact holes;
and the third thin through hole (383) of the first group of thin through hole groups and the third thin through hole (383) of the second group of thin through hole groups are intersected in a coplanar mode to form a third group of mutual impact holes.
8. The hole-to-hole mutual-impact injector applied to the light-weight and quick-response two-component engine according to claim 6, wherein: the first group of the interbrok holes, the second group of the interbrok holes and the third group of the interbrok holes have the following constraint relationship:
D2=1.133D1;
cosβ2=1.284cosα2
Figure FDA0003707997200000031
Δ=min(a,b)/2;
(a-Δ)tanβ1=(b+Δ)tanα1
(a+Δ)tanβ3=(b-Δ)tanα3
wherein D1 is the inner diameter of a first fine through hole (381) of the first set of fine through hole groups, a second fine through hole (382) of the first set of fine through hole groups, and a third fine through hole (383) of the first set of fine through hole groups; d2 is the inside diameter of the first fine through hole (381) of the second group of fine through holes, the second fine through hole (382) of the second group of fine through holes, and the third fine through hole (383) of the second group of fine through holes; alpha is alpha1The included angle between the first thin through hole (381) of the first group of thin through holes and the central axis is formed; alpha (alpha) ("alpha")2The angle between the second fine through hole (382) of the first group of fine through holes and the central axis; alpha is alpha3The third thin through hole (383) of the first group of thin through holes forms an included angle with the central axis; beta is a1The included angle between the first thin through hole (381) of the second group of thin through holes and the central axis is formed; beta is a2The second fine through hole (382) of the second group of fine through holes forms an included angle with the central axis; beta is a3An included angle between a third fine through hole (383) of the second group of fine through holes and the central axis; a is the distance between the inlet center of the right end of the second thin through hole (382) of the first group of thin through holes and the central axis; b is the distance between the center of the inlet at the right end of the second fine through hole (382) of the second group of fine through holes and the central axis, and delta is half of the minimum value of a and b.
9. The hole-to-hole mutual-impact injector applied to the light-weight and quick-response two-component engine according to claim 4, wherein: the number of the supporting columns (32) is not less than 2, and the supporting columns (32) are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the circular ring (33).
10. The hole-to-hole mutual-impact injector applied to the light-weight and quick-response two-component engine as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the central axis of the first stepped hole (14), the central axis of the second stepped hole (15) and the central axis of the third stepped hole (16) are overlapped.
CN202210713806.XA 2022-06-22 2022-06-22 Hole-aligning mutual-striking injector applied to light quick-response two-component engine Pending CN115263604A (en)

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