CN115261532B - Method for constructing initial airflow of large blast furnace - Google Patents
Method for constructing initial airflow of large blast furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN115261532B CN115261532B CN202210886814.4A CN202210886814A CN115261532B CN 115261532 B CN115261532 B CN 115261532B CN 202210886814 A CN202210886814 A CN 202210886814A CN 115261532 B CN115261532 B CN 115261532B
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- blast furnace
- furnace
- blast
- tuyere
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/006—Automatically controlling the process
Abstract
The invention provides a method for constructing initial airflow of a large blast furnace, which comprises the following steps: according to the furnace volume and furnace type of the large-scale blast furnace, selecting tuyere parameters; controlling the blast volume of the large-sized blast furnace to be more than 1.65 times of the furnace volume; controlling the air temperature to be higher than 1200 ℃; the humidity of the blast air is controlled to be constant at 10g/m 3 . The invention can fully utilize the heat energy and chemical energy of the gas, and the utilization rate of the blast furnace gas reaches 49%; the furnace top temperature is reduced to 110 ℃; the fuel consumption ratio of the blast furnace is reduced to below 510 kg/tFe; the utilization coefficient of the effective volume of the large-sized blast furnace reaches more than 2.86 times.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metallurgy, in particular to a method for constructing initial airflow of a large-scale blast furnace.
Background
The blast furnace production is that hot air is blown into the furnace from the air port, and the hot air needs to pass through the air port whirl area, the drip belt, the soft melting belt and the block belt, and finally the hot air is discharged out of the blast furnace body from the furnace top material surface to become blast furnace gas. The distribution of blast furnace gas is affected by the air permeability of each region, and the gas flow is subjected to three distributions from the longitudinal bottom to the top of the blast furnace body, namely: the initial airflow distribution of the wind gap convolution zone, the secondary gas flow distribution from the furnace waist to the lower part of the furnace body and the tertiary gas flow distribution at the upper part of the furnace body.
Whether the initial air flow distribution of the large-scale blast furnace is reasonable plays an important role in the blast furnace smelting process, determines the burning state of coke in the furnace, influences the shape and the position of a reflow zone, and is the basis of the smooth running of the blast furnace. Therefore, obtaining a reasonable initial gas flow distribution of a large-scale blast furnace is very important to the blast furnace smelting process.
In summary, the following problems exist in the prior art: in the blast furnace smelting process, how to obtain reasonable initial air flow distribution of a large blast furnace.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of how to obtain reasonable initial air flow distribution of a large-scale blast furnace in the blast furnace smelting process.
Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a method for constructing initial blast furnace airflow, in particular to a method for constructing initial blast furnace airflow in a large scale, which comprises the following steps:
according to the furnace volume and furnace type of the large-scale blast furnace, selecting tuyere parameters;
controlling the blast volume of the large-sized blast furnace to be more than 1.65 times of the furnace volume;
controlling the air temperature to be higher than 1200 ℃; the blast humidity was controlled to be constant at 10g/m3.
Further, the tuyere parameters include: tuyere area, tuyere diameter, tuyere length, tuyere number;
the larger the furnace volume is, the larger the number of the blast furnace tuyeres is, and the longer the blast furnace tuyeres with smaller height-to-diameter ratio are.
Further, when the aspect ratio of the large-sized blast furnace was 1.932, the tuyere diameter was Φ120mm, the length was 643mm, and the tuyere area was 0.4298m2.
Further, the oxygen enrichment rate is controlled to be not more than 8%.
Further, the air permeability index of the blast furnace is controlled to be less than 21.
Further, the blast furnace is controlled to have an actual blast speed of not less than 260m/s.
Further, the control blast energy is not less than 155kJ/s.
Further, the depth of the wind gap convolution zone is controlled to be not less than 1.8m.
Further, the total wind volume is 6300m3/min.
Further, the coal ratio is controlled to not more than 160kg/tFe.
The beneficial effects are: the tuyere convolution zone with proper shape and size matched with the large blast furnace can be obtained, the initial airflow distribution is flat central airflow, namely, a coal gas development passage with smaller resistance is kept in the center, the range is not too wide, a proper amount of coal gas flow is arranged at the edge, the coal gas flow in the central ring zone is uniformly and evenly distributed, and the surrounding airflow and the temperature are uniformly distributed.
The blast furnace has stable furnace condition, strong anti-fluctuation capability, stable pig iron components, full furnace temperature and physical heat of molten iron reaching over 1510 ℃; the heat energy and chemical energy of the gas are fully utilized, and the utilization rate of the blast furnace gas reaches 49%; the furnace top temperature is reduced to 110 ℃; the fuel consumption ratio of the blast furnace is reduced to below 510 kg/tFe; the utilization coefficient of the effective volume of the large-sized blast furnace reaches more than 2.86 times.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for blast furnace initial gas flow construction provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of a method for constructing an initial blast furnace airflow according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, there is provided a method for constructing an initial gas flow of a large-scale blast furnace, the method comprising the steps of:
according to large blast furnaces (furnace volume 2000 m) 3 Called large blast furnace above), and furnace type, tuyere parameters are selected;
controlling the blast volume of the large-sized blast furnace to be more than 1.65 times of the furnace volume;
controlling the air temperature to be higher than 1200 ℃; the air temperature is reasonably used, the air temperature is used horizontally, the hearth heat and the blast kinetic energy are influenced, the air temperature of a large blast furnace is required to be used horizontally to be higher than 1200 ℃, the sufficient hearth heat can be ensured, and the effect of reducing the fuel consumption can be achieved;
the humidity of the blast air is controlled to be constant at 10g/m 3 . The constant blasting humidity is ensured, the atmospheric humidity is larger along with the climate change, and the furnace condition can be ensured to be stable only by ensuring the constant blasting humidity.
The tuyere parameters include: tuyere area, tuyere diameter, tuyere length, tuyere number;
the larger the furnace volume is, the larger the number of the blast furnace tuyeres is, and the longer the blast furnace tuyeres with smaller height-to-diameter ratio are.
When the height-diameter ratio of the large-sized blast furnace is 1.932, the adopted tuyere has the diameter phi of 120mm, the length of 643mm and the tuyere area of 0.4298m 2 。
And controlling proper oxygen enrichment, namely oxygen enrichment rate, according to smelting requirements, wherein the oxygen enrichment rate is controlled to be not more than 8%.
The raw fuel meeting the production requirement of the large blast furnace is selected, the raw fuel is required to be stable, the number of harmful elements such as alkali metal is small, the air permeability of the large blast furnace is ensured to be good, and the air permeability index of the blast furnace is controlled to be less than 21.
And (3) making a proper operation policy, optimizing the operation of the blast furnace, and reducing the fluctuation of the furnace condition of the blast furnace. Controlling blast furnace blast actual wind speed notLess than 260m/s. The blast kinetic energy is controlled to be not less than 155kJ/s. The depth of the wind gap convolution zone is controlled to be not less than 1.8m. Making the total wind volume 6300m 3 /min。
The coal ratio is controlled to be not more than 160kg/tFe. And controlling a proper coal ratio, selecting a proper coal injection amount, and adjusting the coal injection ratio of the large-scale blast furnace according to the change of the raw fuel.
The method can obtain the tuyere convolution zone with proper shape and size matched with the large blast furnace, the initial airflow distribution is flat central airflow, namely, the center keeps a coal gas development passage with small resistance, but the range is not too wide, the edge has proper amount of coal gas flow, the coal gas flow in the central ring zone is uniformly and evenly distributed, and the surrounding airflow and the temperature are uniformly distributed.
The blast furnace has stable furnace condition, strong anti-fluctuation capability, stable pig iron components, full furnace temperature and physical heat of molten iron reaching over 1510 ℃; the heat energy and chemical energy of the gas are fully utilized, and the utilization rate of the blast furnace gas reaches 49%; the furnace top temperature is reduced to 110 ℃; the fuel consumption ratio of the blast furnace is reduced to below 510 kg/tFe; the utilization coefficient of the effective volume of the large-sized blast furnace reaches more than 2.86 times.
Example 1:
in order to obtain proper initial blast furnace airflow distribution, the purposes of activating a blast furnace hearth, improving blast furnace gas utilization and stabilizing furnace conditions are achieved; the invention provides a method for constructing initial air flow of a large-scale blast furnace, which can obtain the initial air flow distribution of the blast furnace matched with the large-scale blast furnace, so that the hearth of the blast furnace works uniformly and actively, the heat of the hearth is abundant, and the condition of the blast furnace is stable and smooth.
The specific technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows:
1. according to the furnace volume and the design furnace type of the large-scale blast furnace, a proper tuyere is selected. The tuyere selection parameters include: tuyere area, tuyere diameter, tuyere length, tuyere number, etc. The larger the furnace volume, the larger the number of the blast furnace tuyeres, and the longer the blast furnace tuyeres with smaller aspect ratio. The height-diameter ratio of the large blast furnace is 1.932, the diameter phi of the tuyere is 120mm, the length 643mm and the area of the tuyere is 0.4298m 2 ；
2. Selecting proper blast air quantity, wherein the blast air quantity of the large-sized blast furnace is more than 1.65 times of the furnace capacity;
3. the air temperature is reasonably used, the air temperature is used horizontally, the hearth heat and the blast kinetic energy are influenced, the air temperature of a large blast furnace is required to be used horizontally to be higher than 1200 ℃, the sufficient hearth heat can be ensured, and the effect of reducing the fuel consumption can be achieved;
4. ensuring constant blasting humidity, wherein the atmospheric humidity is larger along with the climate change, ensuring the constant blasting humidity can ensure the stable furnace condition, and the blasting humidity is required to be constant at 10g/m 3 ；
5. Controlling a proper coal ratio, selecting a proper coal injection amount, and adjusting the coal injection ratio of the large-scale blast furnace according to the change of raw fuel, wherein the coal ratio is required to be not more than 160kg/tFe;
6. controlling proper oxygen enrichment, namely oxygen enrichment rate, according to smelting requirements, wherein the oxygen enrichment rate is not more than 8%;
7. the raw fuel meeting the production requirement of the large blast furnace is selected, the raw fuel is required to be stable, the number of harmful elements such as alkali metal is small, the air permeability of the large blast furnace is ensured to be good, and the air permeability index is smaller than 21;
8. and (3) making a proper operation policy, optimizing the operation of the blast furnace, and reducing the fluctuation of the furnace condition of the blast furnace.
The relation between the placement of the first wood and the initial air flow of the blast furnace is as follows:
(1) The coke in the hearth is conveniently ignited before air supply, and the gap formed by the filling material is beneficial to the passage of high-temperature coal gas and slag iron, so that the heating and temperature raising process of the hearth can be accelerated;
(2) The piled bags piled by the furnace hearth central timber are beneficial to the passage of the initial central air flow of the blast furnace, and can promote the formation of reasonable soft melting zones;
(3) The timber at the tuyere part can protect the tuyere, prevent the tuyere from being crushed, and is favorable to the formation of the primary tuyere convolution zone of the blast furnace, and the formation of initial edge airflow.
2. The filling method, as shown in figure 2,
(1) A layer of wood is paved at the bottom of the hearth.
(2) To protect the furnace bottom, bottom coke is laid, and the thickness is about 1.0 m.
(3) The hearth wood filling method comprises the following steps: adopts a tight arrangement method that the upper layer and the lower layer are in a cross shape. Wood was added 0.5 meters below the tuyere centerline (0.5 m below the tuyere centerline was fully filled with wood).
(4) For protecting the air port, long timber is used for shielding the air port, and all the protection timber are connected and fixed by using code nails.
(5) And after the furnace hearth is filled with wood, the wood is piled up in the central part to form a round table-shaped piled bag, so that stable and proper central air flow can be generated in the initial stage of furnace opening. Diameter of bottom surface of center stack: taking half of the diameter of the hearth, namely: 13.6/2=6.8 m; the stacking angle is 60 degrees. The specific method comprises the following steps: firstly stacking short wood at the center, increasing the stacking diameter, and then synchronously increasing the wood length to finally form the round table stacking.
By adjusting and controlling the factor parameters, the blast furnace obtains the blast actual wind speed of not less than 260m/s and the blast kinetic energy of not less than 155kj/s, and further obtains the depth of the wind gap convolution zone of not less than 1.8m, and the above influencing factors are controlled according to the operation method of the invention, so that the proper initial air flow distribution of the large-scale blast furnace can be obtained.
The method can obtain the tuyere convolution zone with proper shape and size matched with the large blast furnace, the initial airflow distribution is flat central airflow, namely, the center keeps a coal gas development passage with small resistance, but the range is not too wide, the edge has proper amount of coal gas flow, the coal gas flow in the central ring zone is uniformly and evenly distributed, and the surrounding airflow and the temperature are uniformly distributed.
The blast furnace has stable furnace condition, strong anti-fluctuation capability, stable pig iron components, full furnace temperature and physical heat of molten iron reaching over 1510 ℃; the heat energy and chemical energy of the gas are fully utilized, and the utilization rate of the blast furnace gas reaches 49%; the furnace top temperature is reduced to 110 ℃; the fuel consumption ratio of the blast furnace is reduced to below 510 kg/tFe; the utilization coefficient of the effective volume of the large-sized blast furnace reaches more than 2.86 times.
The foregoing is illustrative of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. In order that the components of the invention may be combined without conflict, any person skilled in the art shall make equivalent changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for constructing an initial gas flow of a large blast furnace, the method comprising the steps of:
according to the furnace volume and furnace type of the large-scale blast furnace, selecting tuyere parameters;
controlling the blast volume of the large-sized blast furnace to be more than 1.65 times of the furnace volume;
controlling the air temperature to be higher than 1200 ℃; the humidity of the blast air is controlled to be constant at 10g/m 3 ；
The height-diameter ratio of the large blast furnace is 1.932, the adopted tuyere has the diameter phi 120mm, the length 643mm and the tuyere area 0.4298m 2 ；
Controlling the oxygen enrichment rate to be not more than 8%;
controlling the air permeability index of the blast furnace to be less than 21;
controlling the depth of the wind gap convolution zone to be not less than 1.8m;
the coal ratio is controlled to be not more than 160kg/tFe.
2. The method for constructing an initial blast furnace gas flow according to claim 1, wherein the tuyere parameters comprise: tuyere area, tuyere diameter, tuyere length, tuyere number;
the larger the furnace volume is, the larger the number of the blast furnace tuyeres is, and the longer the blast furnace tuyeres with smaller height-to-diameter ratio are.
3. The method for constructing an initial gas flow for a large-scale blast furnace according to claim 1, wherein the blast furnace is controlled to have an actual blast speed of not less than 260m/s.
4. A method for constructing a primary air flow for a large blast furnace according to claim 1, wherein the blast kinetic energy is controlled to be not less than 155kJ/s.
5. The method for constructing initial airflow of large-scale blast furnace according to claim 1, wherein the total wind volume is 6300m 3 /min。
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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| CN104611484A (en) * | 2015-02-01 | 2015-05-13 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Method for judging cohesive zone formation process in blowing-in process of blast furnace |
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| CN104846137A (en) * | 2015-05-05 | 2015-08-19 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Blast furnace air supply method |
| CN108359760A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-08-03 | 新疆八钢铁股份有限公司 | Large blast furnace maintains the operating procedure of direct motion using low-heat state strength coke |
| CN111593149A (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2020-08-28 | 新疆八一钢铁股份有限公司 | Smooth blow-in method for large blast furnace for iron making |
| CN114107585A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-03-01 | 武汉钢铁有限公司 | Method for quantifying oxygen-rich amount of blast furnace and air inlet area of tuyere |
| CN114134263A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-03-04 | 德龙钢铁有限公司 | Rapid blow-in method |
| CN114427011A (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-05-03 | 新疆八一钢铁股份有限公司 | Blow-in method of oxygen-enriched blast furnace |
-
2022
- 2022-07-26 CN CN202210886814.4A patent/CN115261532B/en active Active
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN86103119A (en) * | 1986-04-28 | 1987-09-30 | 韩文琦 | Blast furnace process to downdraft |
| CN104611484A (en) * | 2015-02-01 | 2015-05-13 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Method for judging cohesive zone formation process in blowing-in process of blast furnace |
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| CN108359760A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-08-03 | 新疆八钢铁股份有限公司 | Large blast furnace maintains the operating procedure of direct motion using low-heat state strength coke |
| CN111593149A (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2020-08-28 | 新疆八一钢铁股份有限公司 | Smooth blow-in method for large blast furnace for iron making |
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| CN114107585A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-03-01 | 武汉钢铁有限公司 | Method for quantifying oxygen-rich amount of blast furnace and air inlet area of tuyere |
| CN114427011A (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-05-03 | 新疆八一钢铁股份有限公司 | Blow-in method of oxygen-enriched blast furnace |
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