CN115257099B - 一种阻燃复合板 - Google Patents
一种阻燃复合板 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115257099B CN115257099B CN202210778194.2A CN202210778194A CN115257099B CN 115257099 B CN115257099 B CN 115257099B CN 202210778194 A CN202210778194 A CN 202210778194A CN 115257099 B CN115257099 B CN 115257099B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- bamboo
- layer
- flame
- retardant
- flaking
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000012792 core layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 108
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 108
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims description 108
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 108
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 108
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 240000000111 Saccharum officinarum Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000007201 Saccharum officinarum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- ZDYUUBIMAGBMPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxalic acid;hydrate Chemical compound O.OC(=O)C(O)=O ZDYUUBIMAGBMPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 4
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- ZDXSOOBRDLVPON-UHFFFAOYSA-K magnesium;sodium;hydrogen carbonate;sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Mg+2].OC([O-])=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZDXSOOBRDLVPON-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000609240 Ambelania acida Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000142 Sodium polycarboxylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010905 bagasse Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/304—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl halide (co)polymers, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
- B27D1/00—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
- B27D1/04—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring to produce plywood or articles made therefrom; Plywood sheets
- B27D1/06—Manufacture of central layers; Form of central layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
- B27D1/00—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
- B27D1/04—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring to produce plywood or articles made therefrom; Plywood sheets
- B27D1/08—Manufacture of shaped articles; Presses specially designed therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27J—MECHANICAL WORKING OF CANE, CORK, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27J1/00—Mechanical working of cane or the like
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K9/00—Chemical or physical treatment of reed, straw, or similar material
- B27K9/002—Cane, bamboo
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/42—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising condensation resins of aldehydes, e.g. with phenols, ureas or melamines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
- B32B9/02—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising animal or vegetable substances, e.g. cork, bamboo, starch
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
- B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
- B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B9/045—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
- B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
- B32B2307/3065—Flame resistant or retardant, fire resistant or retardant
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2397/00—Characterised by the use of lignin-containing materials
- C08J2397/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/30—Sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K3/36—Silica
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种阻燃复合板,包括芯层以及粘合在所述芯层上下两侧的阻燃板,所述芯层包括若干层刨片层,相邻两刨片层纵横交错铺装,本发明通过利用阻燃板胶合在芯层的上下两侧,使芯层与外界隔离,进而为复合板带来较强的阻燃效果;芯层夹持在两侧的阻燃层之间,加强了阻燃复合板的强度,由于芯层中的相邻两侧刨片层纵横交错铺装,防止芯层在使用的过程中被撕裂,加强了芯层的抗弯性能以及弹性模量,使芯层在不同的方向上都有相同的力学性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及阻燃复合板领域,特别地,涉及一种阻燃复合板。
背景技术
阻燃复合板具有较好的耐火性能,阻燃复合板的使用能够提高产品的防火等级。
目前市场上制备复合板的主要原材料为木材、木屑、农作物秸秆等。我国竹材资源丰富,为了能够充分利用竹材。市场上逐渐出现竹材制备的复合板。对于现有的竹材制备的阻燃复合板而言。如专利号为CN1018254B的专利所示。利用竹黄篾片编织的竹席作为阻燃复合板的上下表层,利用竹刨花、碎料拌胶工序制备芯层,然后将上下表层与芯层进行热压合制备出阻燃复合板。由于上下表层采用编织成的竹席,虽然提高了阻燃复合板的弯曲性能,但是芯层由碎料及竹刨花制备,造成芯层的强度较弱,长时间使用后,此种复合板的芯层会出现风化,影响复合板的使用寿命。因此如何设计一种以竹材原材料的阻燃复合板,解决现有板材阻燃效果弱,板材力学性能差的问题,成为本领域技术人员亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
为了解决背景技术中提到的至少一个技术问题,本发明的目的在于提供一种阻燃复合板,解决现有竹材阻燃复合板力学性能较弱的问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:
一种阻燃复合板,包括芯层以及粘合在所述芯层上下两侧的阻燃板,所述芯层包括若干层刨片层,相邻两刨片层纵横交错铺装,其中,所述芯层的制备步骤如下:
S11:将原竹锯切成有竹节段和无竹节段两种竹筒并进行区分;
S12:将有竹节段竹筒和无竹节段竹筒分别刨切成第一竹刨片和第二竹刨片;
S13:将第一竹刨片和第二竹刨片分别浸渍在浓度为1%-2%的氢氧化钠或氢氧化钾碱溶液中2-4小时,将浸泡后第一竹刨片和第二竹刨片)洗净,然后浸泡在草酸水溶液中6-8小时;
S14:将步骤S13处理后的竹刨片送至干燥机内干燥,至竹刨片的含水率在3%-5%之间;
S15:将步骤S14干燥后的竹刨片进行浸胶处理;
S16:将浸胶后的竹刨片进行二次干燥,至竹刨片的含水率在5%-8%之间;
S17:将步骤S16干燥后的竹刨片进行纵横交错铺装;
S18:对步骤S17铺装好的竹刨片进行热压定型;
S19:对步骤S18热压后的板材进行裁切处理。
进一步的,所述第一竹刨片的长度为120mm-150mm,宽度为5mm-20mm,厚度为0.5mm-0.8mm,所述第二竹刨片的长度为150mm-180mm,宽度为20mm-80mm,厚度为0.5mm-0.8mm。
进一步的,所述刨片层设有7层,其中,第三层、第四层、第五层采用第一竹刨片,第一层、第二层、第六层和第七层采用第二竹刨片。
进一步的,所述热压定型包括若干个保温段以及保压段。
进一步的,步骤S15中的胶采用固含量在42%-48%的水性酚醛树脂胶溶液。
进一步的,还包括防滑层,所述防滑层固定粘合在所述阻燃板上。
进一步的,所述防滑层采用PVC材料或者三聚氰胺板。
进一步的,所述阻燃板的制备步骤如下:
S1:将47.5%-53.5%纯碱式硫酸镁、1.7%-2.3%纳米SiO2、30%-35%水、2.6%-3.4%的乳化剂以及8%-12%分散剂混合,然后加热到60℃-80℃,得到乳液A;
S2:取与乳液A质量一致的基粉分多次加入步骤S1中的乳液A并进行搅拌,得到混合料B;
S3:向步骤S2的混合料B中加入占混合料B重量17%-23%之间的氧化镁,搅拌得到混合料C;
S4:将混合料C放入热压机中进行压合;
S5:将步骤S4得到的压合板放置在恒温恒湿环境下养护。
进一步的,所述基粉采用细度为30-40目的甘蔗渣粉。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:本发明通过利用阻燃板胶合在芯层的上下两侧,使芯层与外界隔离,进而为复合板带来较强的阻燃效果;芯层夹持在两侧的阻燃层之间,加强了阻燃复合板的强度,由于芯层中的相邻两侧刨片层纵横交错铺装,防止芯层在使用的过程中被撕裂,加强了芯层的抗弯性能以及弹性模量,使芯层在不同的方向上都有相同的力学性能。
附图说明
图1为本发明的阻燃复合板的剖视图;
图2为阻燃板的制备流程图;
图3为芯层的制备流程图。
图中:1、阻燃板;2、芯层;21、第一竹刨片;22、第二竹刨片;3、防滑层。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
本实施例提供一种阻燃复合板,主要用于提高阻燃复合板的力学性能,提高复合板使用寿命。
在本实施例中,阻燃复合板包括芯层2,以及贴合在芯层2上下两侧的阻燃层,所述阻燃层采用阻燃板1,所述芯层2包括若干层依次铺设的刨片层,其中相邻两刨片层纵横交错铺设。
在本实施例中,结合图3所示,所述芯层2的制备步骤如下:
S11:原竹处理,将原竹分割成有竹节和无竹节的竹筒并进行区分;
S12:制备竹刨片,将有竹节的竹筒刨切成长度为135mm、宽度为10mm、厚度为0.6mm的第一竹刨片21,将无竹节的竹筒刨切成长度为165mm、宽度为50mm、厚度为0.6mm的第二竹刨片22;
S13:预处理,将第一竹刨片21和第二竹刨片22分开并均浸泡在浓度为2%的氢氧化钠溶液中,浸泡时间为3小时,浸泡结束后将第一竹刨片21和第二竹刨片22刷洗干净,至PH=7,然后将第一竹刨片21和第二竹刨片22浸泡在浓度为1%的草酸水溶液中,浸泡7小时;
在步骤S13中去除竹刨片中的淀粉及糖类物质,同时对竹刨片中木质素进行脱色,取得外观一致的竹刨片,提高美观程度。
S14:初次干燥,对步骤S13处理后的竹刨片进行干燥处理,使竹刨片的含水率在3%-5%之间;在此处进行干燥处理的目的是防止竹刨片在施胶过程中发生弯曲变形;
S15:施胶,对干燥后的竹刨片进行浸胶处理;在本实施例中,采用固含量为42%-48%的水性酚醛树脂胶溶液浸泡5分钟,然后将竹刨片放至筛网中进行静置,直至胶液不在下滴为止;
S16:二次干燥,将浸胶后的竹刨片进行二次干燥,去除竹刨片中的水分,使其含水率在5%-8%之间,在此工段的二次干燥去除水分,避免热压过程中,水汽对热压固化造成影响;
S17:定向铺装,将步骤S16干燥后的竹刨片进行纵横交替铺装;在本实施例中,所述芯层2包括7层纵横交替铺设的竹刨片层,其中,第三层、第四层和第五层采用带有竹节的第一竹刨片21,所述第一层、第二层、第六层以及第七层采用无竹节的第二竹刨片22,所述芯层2的总厚度为21mm,其中,第一竹刨片21铺设的厚度为8.4mm第二竹刨片22铺设的厚度为12.6mm,由于第二竹刨片22的宽度较大并且铺装在芯层2的表层,加强芯层2抗弯性能以及弹性模量,由于7层竹刨片纵横交错铺设,致使板材在不同的方向上均可获得同样的力学性能。
S18:热压定型,将步骤S17中铺设的7层竹刨片进行热压定型;在本实施例中,所述热压定型分为四个阶段,热压机的初始温度为130℃,1min内将热压机进行升压,由0Mpa每平方厘米升至3Mpa每平方厘米,保温保压5min,然后利用0.5min将热压机的温度升高至140℃,压力升至4Mpa每平方厘米,继续保温保压5min,再次利用0.5min将热压机的温度升高至150℃,压力升至5Mpa每平方厘米,继续保温保压5min,然后,经过10min将热压机的温度降至130℃,压力降至1Mpa每平方厘米,进行保温保压2min,在保持温度不变的情况下,10min后将热压机的压力逐渐降至0Mpa每平方厘米;在本实施例中,由于热压定型采用多次温度变化以及保压压合,使竹刨片逐步升温并将竹刨片进行软化,分阶段对竹刨片进行热压,能够充分的排出竹刨片中的水汽,不会在芯层2中形成空气腔,提高了芯层2的热压质量,分阶段的预压和升温,能够提高酚醛树脂的固化效果;
S19:裁切处理,对步骤S18热压成型的板材进行裁切处理。
一种阻燃复合板,其中,阻燃板1通过胶粘的方式固定在芯层2的上下两侧,利用芯层2提高了阻燃复合板的强度,加强了阻燃复合板的力学性能,利用阻燃板1的阻燃特性,加强了底板的性能,同时本发明中利用了甘蔗渣粉作为阻燃板1的基粉,对甘蔗渣粉进行充分的利用,实现废物的循环使用,节约能源,本发明在制备芯层2的过程中挑拣出竹纤维、竹屑、以及竹粉,并放置在芯层2的第四层内,可以提高竹材的综合利用率,由于第四层位于中间层,此时能够防止竹纤维、竹屑、以及竹粉向外漏出。
所述阻燃复合板还包括固定在其中一侧的阻燃板1上的防滑层3,所述防滑层3与所述阻燃板1采用胶粘的方式固定,其中所述防滑层3选取三聚氰胺板,加强复合板的防滑性能。
结合图2所示,所述阻燃板1的制备过程如下:
S1:按重量百分比计,将50%的纯碱式硫酸镁、2%的纳米SiO2、35%的水、3%的乳化剂以及10%的分散剂混合均匀并加热到70℃,从而得到乳液A;在本步骤中对其进行加热处理的目的在于加速乳液A的初步凝固速度;
S2:称出与乳液A等质量的甘蔗渣粉,将甘蔗渣粉分多次加入乳液A中,并进行搅拌,得到混合料B;多次少量加入的目的在于提高甘蔗渣粉与乳液A的混合程度;为了提高阻燃板1的质量,在本实施例中,所述甘蔗渣粉的细度为40目;
甘蔗渣粉混合均匀后为了提高阻燃板1的凝固速度,因此执行步骤S3;
S3:向混合料B中添加氧化镁,其中氧化镁的重量占混合料B重量的20%,然后进行搅拌,得到混合料C;
S4:将混合料C放入热压机中进行压合;在本实施例中,将热压机的上、下板温度均升至50℃,其中温度可以在上下5℃范围内拨动,每平方厘米的压力值在3Mpa-5Mpa之间,然后进行热压,热压时间在30min-50min内,其中,具体热压时间取中间值40min,热压后的阻燃板1厚度为5mm;
S5:对步骤S4中压合成型的板材进性恒温恒湿养护7天,在本实施例中,养护的温度为25℃,养护的湿度在65%RH,其中养护温度可以在上下两摄氏度之间波动,养护的湿度可以在上下5%RH内波动,进而加快甘蔗渣板材的成型,进而制备出阻燃板1。
在本实施例中,所述分散剂为醚型聚羧酸钠。
此时热压后制备出的阻燃板1表面光滑无间隙,能够阻挡外界水汽的穿透,同时阻燃板1在制备的过程中,相较于传统的阻燃胶,省略了氯化镁的使用,降低了材料的吸湿性,从而加强了板材的耐水性能。
对比例1:
将5KG氧化镁、0.2KG的纳米SiO2、3.5KG的水、0.3KG的乳化剂、1KG的分散剂得到混合液1,记录混合液1的凝固时间。
对比例2:
将5KG纯碱式硫酸镁、0.2KG的纳米SiO2、3.5KG的水、0.3KG的乳化剂和1KG的分散剂混合均匀得到混合液2,记录混合液2的凝固时间。
对比例3:
将2.5KG的氧化镁、2.5KG的纯碱式硫酸镁、0.2KG的纳米SiO2、3.5KG的水、0.3KG的乳化剂、1KG的分散剂得到混合液3,记录混合液3的凝固时间。
对比例4:
在对比例2的基础上加入2KG氧化镁,得到混合液4,记录加入氧化镁后混合液4的凝固时间。
其中对比例1至对比例4的凝固时间见表1:
混合液1 | 混合液2 | 混合液3 | 混合液4 | |
凝固时间/min | 20 | 60 | 30 | 50 |
表1
根据表1凝固时间的数据可以看出,氧化镁的添加能够缩短混合液的凝固时间,对比例2中的混合液2的凝固时间较长,此时在混合液2中添加基粉,能够有充足的时间将基粉与混合液进行充分搅拌,当基粉搅拌均匀后,然后在添加基粉后的混合液2基础上加入氧化镁得到混合液4,此时氧化镁的加入,加快了混合液2的凝固时间,进而能够提高阻燃板1的生产效率。
对于本领域技术人员而言,显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节,而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下,能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此,无论从哪一点来看,均应将实施例看作是示范性的,而且是非限制性的,本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定,因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。
Claims (6)
1.一种阻燃复合板,其特征在于:包括芯层(2)以及粘合在所述芯层(2)上下两侧的阻燃板(1),所述芯层(2)包括若干层刨片层,相邻两刨片层纵横交错铺装,其中,刨片层设有7层,其中,第三层、第四层、第五层采用第一竹刨片(21),第一层、第二层、第六层和第七层采用第二竹刨片(22);所述第一竹刨片(21)的长度为120mm-135mm,宽度为5mm-10mm,厚度为0.5mm-0.8mm,所述第二竹刨片(22)的长度为150mm-180mm,宽度为20mm-80mm,厚度为0.5mm-0.8mm,所述芯层(2)的制备步骤如下:
S11:将原竹锯切成有竹节段和无竹节段两种竹筒并进行区分;
S12:将有竹节段竹筒和无竹节段竹筒分别刨切成第一竹刨片(21)和第二竹刨片(22);
S13:将第一竹刨片(21)和第二竹刨片(22)分别浸渍在浓度为1%-2%的氢氧化钠或氢氧化钾碱溶液中2-4小时,将浸泡后第一竹刨片(21)和第二竹刨片(22)洗净,然后浸泡在草酸水溶液中6-8小时;
S14:将步骤S13处理后的竹刨片送至干燥机内干燥,至竹刨片的含水率在3%-5%之间;
S15:将步骤S14干燥后的竹刨片进行浸胶处理;
S16:将浸胶后的竹刨片进行二次干燥,至竹刨片的含水率在5%-8%之间;
S17:将步骤S16干燥后的竹刨片进行纵横交错铺装;
S18:对步骤S17铺装好的竹刨片进行热压定型;
S19:对步骤S18热压后的板材进行裁切处理;
步骤S18中的热压定型包括若干个保温段以及保压段。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃复合板,其特征在于:步骤S15中的胶采用固含量在42%-48%的水性酚醛树脂胶溶液。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃复合板,其特征在于:还包括防滑层(3),所述防滑层(3)固定粘合在所述阻燃板(1)上。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种阻燃复合板,其特征在于:所述防滑层(3)采用PVC材料或者三聚氰胺板。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃复合板,其特征在于:所述阻燃板(1)的制备步骤如下:
S1:按重量百分比计,将47.5%-53.5%纯碱式硫酸镁、1.7%-2.3%纳米SiO2、30%-35%水、2.6%-3.4%的乳化剂以及8%-12%分散剂混合,然后加热到60℃-80℃,得到乳液A;
S2:取与乳液A质量一致的基粉分多次加入步骤S1中的乳液A并进行搅拌,得到混合料B;
S3:向步骤S2的混合料B中加入占混合料B重量17%-23%之间的氧化镁,搅拌得到混合料C;
S4:将混合料C放入热压机中进行压合;
S5:将步骤S4得到的压合板放置在恒温恒湿环境下养护。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种阻燃复合板,其特征在于:所述基粉采用细度为30-40目的甘蔗渣粉。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202210778194.2A CN115257099B (zh) | 2022-07-04 | 2022-07-04 | 一种阻燃复合板 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202210778194.2A CN115257099B (zh) | 2022-07-04 | 2022-07-04 | 一种阻燃复合板 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN115257099A CN115257099A (zh) | 2022-11-01 |
CN115257099B true CN115257099B (zh) | 2024-04-02 |
Family
ID=83762452
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202210778194.2A Active CN115257099B (zh) | 2022-07-04 | 2022-07-04 | 一种阻燃复合板 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN115257099B (zh) |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101214669A (zh) * | 2008-01-15 | 2008-07-09 | 邱天祥 | 竹质定向结构刨花板为芯层集装箱、车厢底板及其制造方法 |
CN114083638A (zh) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-02-25 | 千年舟新材科技集团股份有限公司 | 一种承重结构用竹定向刨花板的制备方法 |
CN114538884A (zh) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-05-27 | 千年舟新材科技集团股份有限公司 | 一种快凝早强成型木质板材及其制备方法 |
-
2022
- 2022-07-04 CN CN202210778194.2A patent/CN115257099B/zh active Active
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101214669A (zh) * | 2008-01-15 | 2008-07-09 | 邱天祥 | 竹质定向结构刨花板为芯层集装箱、车厢底板及其制造方法 |
CN114083638A (zh) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-02-25 | 千年舟新材科技集团股份有限公司 | 一种承重结构用竹定向刨花板的制备方法 |
CN114538884A (zh) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-05-27 | 千年舟新材科技集团股份有限公司 | 一种快凝早强成型木质板材及其制备方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN115257099A (zh) | 2022-11-01 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN100346045C (zh) | 强化复合竹质板的制造方法 | |
US7183339B2 (en) | Method for making dimensionally stable composite products from lignocelluloses | |
CN1970259B (zh) | 竹材板的生产方法 | |
WO2010091643A1 (zh) | 一种竹材人造板及其制造方法 | |
CA2497565C (en) | Method for making dimensionally stable composite products from lignocellulosic material | |
CN105216089B (zh) | 利用废旧室外用热处理木材与常规木材制备厚型刨花板的方法及厚型刨花板 | |
CN103707381A (zh) | 一种竹纤维无胶板材的制作方法 | |
CN106113212A (zh) | 一种高强度刨花板及其制备方法 | |
CN115257099B (zh) | 一种阻燃复合板 | |
CN110540403A (zh) | 一种高强度竹木碳钎维高镁质胶凝结构板及其制备方法 | |
CN108501478A (zh) | 一种高强度桉杨复合单板层积材及其制造方法 | |
CN110978198A (zh) | 一种无醛刨花板的生产工艺 | |
CN106272873A (zh) | 一种定向多层木塑复合板的制备方法 | |
CN113119267B (zh) | 一种环保均质超强刨花板及其制备方法 | |
CN115026915A (zh) | 先铺装式可饰面大片刨花复合细木工板及其制造方法 | |
CN111391041B (zh) | 一种长条木片或竹片织合层积材或板及其制备方法 | |
CN114393665A (zh) | 一种中密度纤维板及其制备方法 | |
CN108705833B (zh) | 硬聚氯乙烯发泡节能板 | |
CN111943631A (zh) | 镁水泥胶合秸秆人造板及其制备方法 | |
CN116494344B (zh) | 一种enf级竹木复合混合型人造板及其连续平压制造方法 | |
RU2608531C2 (ru) | Опилочно-стружечная плита | |
CN110126395B (zh) | 一种生物复合板的制备方法 | |
CN114012858A (zh) | 一种轻质高强pb板生产工艺 | |
CN116278264B (zh) | Pvc木塑复合自增强型材及其制备方法 | |
CN116968130A (zh) | 高密度竹定向刨花层积材及其制造方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |