CN115255263B - Sand-sticking-preventing coating for thick and large steel castings and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Sand-sticking-preventing coating for thick and large steel castings and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115255263B CN115255263B CN202210933549.0A CN202210933549A CN115255263B CN 115255263 B CN115255263 B CN 115255263B CN 202210933549 A CN202210933549 A CN 202210933549A CN 115255263 B CN115255263 B CN 115255263B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C3/00—Selection of compositions for coating the surfaces of moulds, cores, or patterns
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C5/00—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose
- B22C5/04—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose by grinding, blending, mixing, kneading, or stirring
- B22C5/0409—Blending, mixing, kneading or stirring; Methods therefor
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Abstract
The application provides a sand-preventing coating for thick and large steel castings, which comprises, by mass, 75-85% of serpentine, 1-5% of zirconium oxychloride, 1-5% of bentonite, 1-3% of a binder, 3-8% of a suspending agent and 5-10% of alcohol with a mass concentration of 75% -95%. According to the application, serpentine is adopted as the refractory filler of the sand-sticking prevention coating for the steel casting for the first time, a novel sand-sticking prevention coating raw material is provided, the economic benefit is high, the coating also has excellent stability and brushing property, and the long-term storage can be realized. The zirconium oxychloride in the anti-sticking sand coating of the medium-thickness large steel casting can effectively prevent serpentine in the coating from hydration at high temperature to form a compact anti-sticking sand isolation layer, so that the anti-sticking sand coating can keep good anti-sticking sand capability at high temperature for a long time, can effectively prevent permeation of sand sticking, and has high-temperature strength, small gas generation amount, proper density and excellent anti-sticking sand effect on resin sand.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of casting modeling, in particular to a sand-sticking-preventing coating for thick and large steel castings, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The cast steel has good toughness and is suitable for manufacturing parts bearing heavy load, impact and vibration, so the cast steel has wide application in the mechanical manufacturing industry. In the manufacturing process, the problem of sand sticking of steel castings is always a concern of casting workers at home and abroad. The conventional sand-sticking prevention measures comprise casting temperature reduction, raw sand grain refinement, extreme cold measures and the like, but the application range of the measures is greatly limited by various reasons such as economic technology and the like. Compared with the measures, the anti-sticking coating has the advantages of wide application range and convenient use.
However, in the actual production process of the thick and large steel castings with the wall thickness of more than 50mm and the single weight of more than 10 tons, the coating is decomposed and eroded layer by layer at the temperature due to the large tonnage of the poured molten steel, the large wall thickness and the long time of maintaining the molten steel in a liquid state, so that the coating isolation effect is destroyed, and the penetration sand bonding defect is easy to generate. The existing common cast steel coating is zircon powder coating, the theoretical decomposition temperature of zircon powder is 1540 ℃, but in the production process of thick and large cast steel, the contact temperature of molten steel and the coating is kept above 1540 ℃ for a long time, the decomposition temperature of zircon powder is exceeded, molten slag is formed, and the coating layer is destroyed. There are also chrome ore as facing sand to prevent infiltration from sticking sand, but the operation of applying chrome ore on the surface of the mold in the production process is very time-consuming and wasteful, and the operation cost is high.
Therefore, a thick and large steel casting anti-sticking sand coating with good high-temperature isolation effect and capable of effectively preventing penetration of sand sticking is needed at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the application aims to provide the thick and large steel casting sand-sticking prevention coating with good stability and excellent brushing property, and the thick and large steel casting sand-sticking prevention coating brushed by the coating has the advantages of good isolation effect and capability of effectively preventing long-term high-temperature penetration of sand sticking.
On the one hand, the application provides a sand-sticking prevention coating for thick and large steel castings, which comprises, by mass, 75-85% of serpentine, 1-5% of zirconium oxychloride, 1-5% of bentonite, 1-3% of a binder, 3-8% of a suspending agent and 5-10% of alcohol with a mass concentration of 75% -95%.
Further, the sand-preventing coating comprises 80% serpentine, 2% zirconium oxychloride, 2% bentonite, 1% binder, 5% suspending agent and 10% alcohol with the mass concentration of 95% in percentage by mass.
Further, the mesh number of serpentine is 320 mesh.
Hundreds of millions of tons of serpentine in China is regarded as waste stone, and researches have been carried out to show that serpentine has good low-temperature synthesis characteristics and high thermal stability, and great potential is shown in the field of refractory materials, but related researches on cast steel coatings by using serpentine are not carried out.
According to the application, serpentine is adopted as the refractory filler of the sand-preventing coating for the steel casting for the first time, a new sand-preventing coating raw material is provided, and the economic benefit is high.
In addition, zirconium oxychloride in the anti-sticking sand coating of the thick and large steel casting can enable calcium oxide phase to be converted into high-melting calcium zirconium at high temperature, hydration of serpentine is effectively prevented, a compact anti-sticking sand isolation layer is formed, and the long-time high-temperature anti-sticking sand capability of the coating is improved.
Further, the suspending agent is selected from one or more of polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate, attapulgite and polyvinyl butyral; preferably, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate;
and/or the bentonite is selected from one or more of lithium bentonite, calcium bentonite and artificial sodium bentonite; preferably, lithium bentonite;
and/or the binder is selected from one or more of polyaluminum chloride, phosphate and silica sol; preferably, polyaluminum chloride.
In a preferred embodiment, a heavy gauge steel casting sand release coating comprises 320 mesh 80% serpentine, 2% zirconium oxychloride, 2% lithium bentonite, 1% polyaluminum chloride, 5% polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate, 10% 95% alcohol.
On the other hand, the application also provides a preparation method of the anti-sand coating for the thick and large steel castings, which comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing serpentine, zirconium oxychloride, bentonite, a binder and a suspending agent according to mass percent to obtain a mixed dry material;
and step two, adding alcohol into the mixed dry material, and stirring and uniformly mixing for 20-30min to obtain the thick and large steel casting sand-sticking preventing coating.
Further, the concentration of the sand-sticking preventing coating for the thick and large steel castings is 45-50.
Further, the stirring speed is 400-500 rpm.
In a preferred embodiment, a method for preparing a sand-sticking preventing coating for thick and large steel castings comprises the steps of:
uniformly mixing serpentine, zirconium oxychloride, lithium bentonite, polyaluminum chloride and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate to obtain a mixed dry material;
adding alcohol into the mixed dry material, stirring and uniformly mixing for 20min at 500 rpm, and measuring the concentration of the mixture to 45-50 by using a Baume weight meter to obtain the sand-sticking prevention coating for the thick and large steel castings.
On the other hand, the application also provides a use method of the anti-sand coating for the thick and large steel castings, which comprises the following steps: and brushing the anti-sticking sand coating of the thick and large steel casting on a casting pattern, and igniting and sintering to prepare the anti-sticking layer.
Further, the thickness of the anti-adhesive layer is 0.5-1mm; preferably 0.5mm.
Further, casting molding sand used in the preparation process of the thick and large steel castings is one or more selected from clay sand, sodium silicate sand and resin sand; preferably, the resin sand.
The application has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the application, serpentine is adopted as the refractory filler of the sand-preventing coating for the steel casting for the first time, a new sand-preventing coating raw material is provided, and the economic benefit is high;
2. the zirconium oxychloride in the anti-sticking sand coating of the thick and large steel casting can effectively prevent serpentine in the coating from hydration at high temperature to form a compact anti-sticking sand isolation layer, so that the anti-sticking sand coating can keep good anti-sticking sand capability at high temperature for a long time and can effectively prevent permeation of sand sticking;
3. the sand-sticking-preventing coating for the medium-and-large-sized steel castings has excellent stability and brushing property and can be stored for a long time;
4. the thick and large steel casting sand-preventing coating has the advantages of high-temperature strength, small gas generation amount and proper density, and has excellent sand-preventing effect on resin sand.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the general concept of the present application, the following detailed description is given by way of example. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the present application. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the application may be practiced without one or more of these details. In other instances, well-known features have not been described in detail in order to avoid obscuring the application.
The specific conditions are not noted in the examples and are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer.
Wherein serpentine, dolomite, chrome ore sand are provided by the Ming of Ming and Ming of Da Lian Xin; zirconium oxychloride and zirconium oxide are supplied by sigma aldrich (Shanghai) trade limited; polyvinyl butyral, polyoxyethylene sorbitol ester, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate are available from wunprof biotechnology limited; lithium bentonite and polyaluminum chloride are provided by the New Material technology Co., ltd. In the Utility lake; the zircon powder coating is an alcohol-based zircon powder anti-sticking coating provided by Yixing Greenlda trade company.
In the following embodiments, unless specified otherwise, the reagents or apparatus used are conventional products available commercially without reference to the manufacturer.
Example 1 Sand release coating ingredient screening
Mixing 82% of refractory fillers with different mesh numbers and different types, 2% of lithium bentonite, 1% of polyaluminium chloride and 5% of polyvinyl butyral uniformly to obtain a mixed dry material, adding 10% of alcohol with the concentration of 95%, stirring and uniformly mixing for 20min at 500 rpm, and measuring the concentration of the mixed dry material to 45-50 by using a Baume weight meter to obtain the large-scale sand-sticking-preventing coating for the steel casting.
The coating is tested for drying crack resistance and long-time heat exposure crack resistance, and the capability of resisting cracking and peeling under the conditions of drying and high-temperature heat exposure is represented. The specific method comprises the following steps: the round-head sample coated with the coating is sent into a constant temperature furnace, and after being dried, the round-head sample is taken out for observing cracking conditions, and the drying cracking tendency is determined; and (5) placing the dried round head sample into a high-temperature furnace heated to 1500 ℃ for heating for 30min, and taking out to observe the condition of heat exposure cracking. The cracking of the coating can be classified into four stages, each of which is characterized in table 1. And simulating a normal use process, observing the sand-sticking prevention effect of the coating, and testing the sand mold to be resin sand. The test thickness was 0.5mm and the specific test results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
| Species of type | Number of meshes | Auxiliary agent | Resistance to cracking by drying at 450 DEG C | Resistance to cracking by exposure to 1500 ℃ | Sand-sticking preventing effect |
| Serpentine stone | 320 | - | Class II | Class II | Slight sand sticking |
| Serpentine stone | 320 | Zirconium oxychloride | Class I | Class I | Sand-sticking-free material |
| Dolomite (Dolomite) | 320 | Zirconium oxychloride | Class II | Class II | Severe sand sticking |
| Chromium ore sand | 320 | Zirconium oxychloride | Class II | Class II | Severe sand sticking |
| Serpentine stone | 320 | Zirconia (zirconia) | Class II | Class II | Slight sand sticking |
| Serpentine stone | 200 | Zirconium oxychloride | Class II | Class II | Severe sand sticking |
Note that: the adjuvant content used in the experimental group containing the adjuvant here was 2% and the refractory filler was 80%.
As can be seen from Table 2, a sand-resistant coating system excellent in drying crack resistance and long-term heat-exposure crack resistance can be obtained by selecting 320-mesh serpentine as a refractory filler and zirconium oxychloride as an auxiliary agent.
Example 2 stability determination experiment
In the practical use process, it is found that the coating in the embodiment 1 is layered for a long time (1 month), namely, the suspension stability of the system is still to be improved, and the coating has poor leveling property and brush mark in the coating process. Thus, under the above-described optimized conditions, experiments were performed with different kinds of suspending agents. The 24-hour suspension stability of the above paint was measured by a standard volumetric weighing method and the paint viscosity was measured using a rotational viscometer, and the results are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 Table 3
| Suspending agent | Suspension stability/% | viscosity/Pa.s | Whether or not brush marks exist |
| Polyvinyl butyral | ≥80 | 8 | Is that |
| Polyoxyethylene sorbitol ester | ≥95 | 9 | Is that |
| Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate | ≥95 | 7 | Whether or not |
As can be seen from the results of Table 3, the selection of polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate as the suspending agent allows the sand-release coating system of the present application to be more stable and the viscosity of the coating to be adjusted to provide better swidability.
Test example 1
A sand-preventing paint for thick and large steel castings is prepared from 320 meshes of 80% serpentine, 2% zirconium oxychloride, 2% lithium bentonite, 1% aluminium polychloride, 5% polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate and 10% alcohol with concentration of 95%
A preparation method of a thick and large steel casting sand-sticking preventing coating comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing serpentine, zirconium oxychloride, lithium bentonite, polyaluminum chloride and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate to obtain a mixed dry material;
adding alcohol into the mixed dry material, stirring and uniformly mixing for 20min at 500 rpm, and measuring the concentration of the mixture to 45-50 by using a Baume weight meter to obtain the sand-sticking prevention coating for the thick and large steel castings.
The application method of the alcohol-based paint for sand casting production of large-scale steel castings comprises the following steps: the anti-sticking sand coating is brushed on the casting pattern, and is ignited and sintered to prepare the anti-sticking layer, and the thickness of the anti-sticking layer is about 0.5mm.
Test example 2
The test example differs from test example 1 only in that the paint concentration is 40.
Test example 3
The test example differs from test example 1 only in that the coating thickness is about 1.5mm.
Test example 4
The test example differs from test example 1 only in that the coating thickness is about 0.3mm.
Test example 5
The test example differs from test example 1 only in that calcium bentonite is used instead of lithium bentonite.
Test example 6
The test example differs from test example 1 only in that phosphate is used instead of polyaluminum chloride.
Comparative example 1
In the comparative example, the anti-sticking layer was made of zircon powder paint in the prior art.
Example 3 anti-sand coating Performance test of thick and large Steel castings
The paint properties of the above test examples 1 to 6 and comparative example 1 were tested. The coating strength at 1500℃high temperature was measured according to JB/T9226-2008. Paint density was measured using a cylinder weighing method. The gas generation amount is measured by a gas generation tester, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: weighing 0.2-1g of the pre-dried paint, putting the paint into a porcelain boat, heating the furnace temperature of a gas generator to a preset temperature (850-1000 ℃), putting the porcelain boat into a porcelain tube, rapidly pushing the porcelain boat to the hottest part to block the porcelain tube, and recording the gas generation amount. And simulating normal use processes by adopting different sand molds, and observing the sand-sticking prevention effect of the coating. The specific experimental results are shown in table 4.
TABLE 4 Table 4
| Sand mould | Coating strength/pa at high temperature | Density/g.cm -3 | Gas evolution/850 ℃, ml.g -1 | Sand-sticking preventing effect | |
| Test example 1 | Resin sand | 5.87×10 5 | 2.00 | 7 | Sand-sticking-free material |
| Test example 2 | Resin sand | 5.01×10 5 | 1.49 | 13 | Severe sand sticking |
| Test example 3 | Resin sand | 4.11×10 5 | 1.68 | 15 | Severe sand sticking |
| Test example 4 | Resin sand | 3.75×10 5 | 1.50 | 12 | Severe sand sticking |
| Test example 5 | Resin sand | 3.42×10 5 | 1.44 | 17 | Severe sand sticking |
| Test example 6 | Resin sand | 3.03×10 5 | 1.34 | 16 | Severe sand sticking |
| Test example 1 | Clay sand | 5.85×10 5 | 2.04 | 7 | Slight sand sticking |
| Test example 1 | Sodium silicate sand | 5.88×10 5 | 2.01 | 7 | Slight sand sticking |
| Comparative example 1 | Resin sand | 4.50×10 5 | 2.00 | 10 | Slight sand sticking |
As proved by researches, if the density of the sand-resistant coating is too small, the penetration is too fast, the thickness of the coating is not easy to build, and the density is too large to cause the coating failure, so that the density is generally controlled to be 1.7-2.1g DEG Ccm -3 The space between them is reasonable. The total amount of generated gas is also related to the sand-sticking prevention effect, and the smaller the total amount of generated gas is, the better the sand-sticking prevention effect is.
As can be seen from the results in Table 4, the coating prepared by the method of the present application (test example 1) has higher coating strength, smaller gas generation amount and density meeting the standard at high temperature and has better sand-sticking prevention effect on resin sand compared with the zircon powder coating of the prior art (comparative example 1).
The foregoing is merely exemplary of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and variations of the present application will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. which come within the spirit and principles of the application are to be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (3)
1. The sand-preventing coating for the thick and large steel castings is characterized by comprising 80% serpentine, 2% zirconium oxychloride, 2% lithium bentonite, 1% polyaluminum chloride, 5% polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate and 10% alcohol with the mass concentration of 95% in percentage by mass; the mesh number of the serpentine is 320 meshes;
the preparation method of the anti-sand coating for the thick and large steel castings is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
uniformly mixing serpentine, zirconium oxychloride, lithium bentonite, polyaluminum chloride and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate according to mass percent to obtain a mixed dry material;
adding alcohol into the mixed dry material, and stirring and uniformly mixing for 20-30min to obtain the thick and large steel casting sand-sticking preventing coating; the concentration of the sand-sticking preventing coating for the thick and large steel castings is 45-50 DEG Be;
the application method of the sand-sticking-preventing coating for the thick and large steel castings comprises the following steps of: brushing the anti-sticking sand coating of the thick and large steel casting on a casting pattern, igniting and sintering to prepare an anti-sticking layer; the thickness of the anti-sticking layer is 0.5-1mm;
the casting molding sand used in the preparation process of the thick and large steel castings is resin sand.
2. The sand control coating of claim 1 wherein the agitation speed is 400 to 500 revolutions per minute.
3. The sand control coating of claim 1 wherein the anti-stick layer has a thickness of 0.5mm.
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