CN115253655A - Large-size high-bed dry-process desulfurization tower free of personnel entering for loading and unloading - Google Patents
Large-size high-bed dry-process desulfurization tower free of personnel entering for loading and unloading Download PDFInfo
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- CN115253655A CN115253655A CN202210977170.XA CN202210977170A CN115253655A CN 115253655 A CN115253655 A CN 115253655A CN 202210977170 A CN202210977170 A CN 202210977170A CN 115253655 A CN115253655 A CN 115253655A
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- tower body
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- manhole
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- ceramic ball
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- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 45
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 description 32
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 21
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 10
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CUPCBVUMRUSXIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Fe].OOO Chemical compound [Fe].OOO CUPCBVUMRUSXIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021519 iron(III) oxide-hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/81—Solid phase processes
- B01D53/82—Solid phase processes with stationary reactants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
- B01D53/52—Hydrogen sulfide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
- C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
- C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
- C10L3/101—Removal of contaminants
- C10L3/102—Removal of contaminants of acid contaminants
- C10L3/103—Sulfur containing contaminants
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a large-size high-bed dry desulfurization tower free of personnel entering for loading and unloading, which relates to the technical field of tower type equipment and comprises the following components: the top end of the tower body is provided with a top manhole, and a gas inlet is sleeved in the top manhole; the middle part and the bottom part of the tower body are respectively provided with a middle 90-degree manhole group and a bottom 90-degree manhole group in the circumferential direction, and the bottom end is downwards provided with a gas outlet; a bottom ceramic ball layer is arranged at the bottom in the tower body, a metal wire mesh is arranged on the upper side of the bottom ceramic ball layer, and a plurality of pressing strips are fixedly arranged on the upper side of the metal wire mesh; a desulfurizer is filled above the metal wire mesh; the top end of the tower body is also provided with a safety valve port and a vent, and the bottom end of the tower body is also provided with a purging port. According to the invention, the bottom ceramic ball layer is arranged as the bottom support of the desulfurizer, so that the collapse risk is avoided, and the workload of personnel for installation and maintenance is avoided. Meanwhile, manhole groups with 90-degree included angles are arranged at the bottom and the middle of the tower body, so that the desulfurizer can be cleaned in the full circumferential direction, and the workload of personnel entering the desulfurizer cleaning process is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tower type equipment, in particular to a large-size high-bed dry desulfurization tower free of personnel entering, loading and unloading.
Background
In recent years, with the trend of energy saving and carbon reduction, the proportion of natural gas in primary energy consumption in China is continuously increased, and the development of natural gas at home and abroad enters a new climax. Natural gas feed gas produced from a formation requires removal of associated hydrogen sulfide from the feed gas to reduce corrosion and improve safety in transportation and use.
Natural gas desulfurization is mainly classified into dry desulfurization and wet desulfurization. The adsorbent represented by sponge iron, ferric oxide and iron oxyhydroxide is used for dry desulfurization, has the highest safety, reliability and economy, and is suitable for removing hydrogen sulfide from low-and-medium-sulfur natural gas. Hydrogen sulfide in the acid natural gas enters from the upper part of the desulfurizing tower and is removed by the adsorbent, and sweet gas is produced at the bottom outlet of the desulfurizing tower. As the active chemical substances in the desulfurizing agent and hydrogen sulfide continuously react, the desulfurizing agent is gradually consumed, and the consumed waste desulfurizing agent needs to be discharged from a container and then filled with a new desulfurizing agent. Because free water and hydrocarbon liquid are often carried in natural gas, the crushed and pulverized adsorbent can generate caking and hardening phenomena, and the fluidity is lost, so that the waste desulfurizer is difficult to discharge.
It often needs operating personnel to get into the inside artifical shovel and clearance of carrying out of desulfurizing tower to large-scale desulfurizing tower. Meanwhile, along with the increase of the hardening degree in the desulfurizing tower, the pressure drop of a desulfurizing agent bed layer is increased, and the too large pressure drop can cause the collapse of a desulfurizing agent bed layer support piece, thereby causing accidents. At present, in order to avoid the collapse of a bed layer supporting structure, layered charging and layered supporting are used for a high bed layer tower, when a desulfurizer is replaced, an operator needs to enter the desulfurizing tower to disassemble the layered supporting structure, however, the workload of the operator entering the desulfurizing tower is increased; in addition, the gas distributor and wire mesh structure within the desulfurization tower also require personnel to access for disassembly and leveling. The operation of entering the desulfurizing tower belongs to the operation in a limited space, and operating personnel not only need to be equipped with PPE equipment such as an air respirator and combustible gas detection, but also need special work permission and management procedures. Therefore, the desulfurization tower with the conventional structure has high maintenance operation cost and high risk.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a large-size high-bed dry desulfurization tower which is free from personnel entering for loading and unloading, solves the problem that in the prior art, a bed metal member support collapses, does not adopt a complicated layered structure and a large-caliber high-bed desulfurization tower any more, and solves the problem that personnel need to enter a container for operation to finish filling of a desulfurizer.
In order to realize the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a large-size high-bed dry desulfurization tower free of personnel entering for loading and unloading comprises a tower body, wherein a top manhole is arranged at the top end of the tower body, and a gas inlet is sleeved in the top manhole; the middle part and the bottom part of the tower body are respectively provided with a middle 90-degree manhole group and a bottom 90-degree manhole group in the circumferential direction, and the bottom end of the tower body is downwards provided with a gas outlet;
a bottom ceramic ball layer is arranged at the bottom in the tower body, a metal wire mesh is arranged on the upper side of the bottom ceramic ball layer, and a plurality of pressing strips are fixedly arranged on the upper side of the metal wire mesh; a desulfurizer is filled above the metal wire mesh;
the top end of the tower body is also provided with a safety valve port and a vent, and the bottom end of the tower body is also provided with a purging port.
As a further improvement of the invention, a plurality of layers of ceramic balls with the diameters from large to small are sequentially arranged on the bottom ceramic ball layer from bottom to top, a metal wire mesh is laid on the upper side of the ceramic ball on the uppermost layer, and a plurality of pressing strips are fixedly arranged on the upper side of the metal wire mesh.
As a further improvement of the invention, the uniform ends of the pressing strips start from the same point at the edge of the cross section of the tower body on the upper side of the metal wire mesh, and the other ends extend to the end of the cross section;
the pressing strips are distributed at equal included angles on the inner sides of the tangent lines of the points.
As a further improvement of the invention, an inlet distributor is integrally installed on the lower side of the gas inlet, and the inlet distributor is uniformly provided with holes in the radial direction.
As a further improvement of the invention, an outlet distributor is arranged at the bottom end in the tower body and is positioned at the upper side of the gas outlet;
the radial direction of the outlet distributor is uniformly provided with open pores.
As a further improvement of the invention, an upper ceramic ball layer with fixed thickness is filled at the upper side of the desulfurizer in the tower body, and the upper ceramic ball layer is positioned below the gas inlet and covers the cross section of the tower body.
As a further improvement of the invention, a water filling port is also arranged on the inner wall of the tower body on the upper side of the upper ceramic ball layer.
As a further improvement of the invention, a plurality of groups of the middle 90-degree manhole groups can be arranged and distributed on different heights of the tower body.
As a further improvement of the present invention, each of the middle 90 ° manhole groups or the bottom 90 ° manhole groups includes a plurality of 90 ° manholes, and the 90 ° manholes are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the tower body at the same height.
As a further improvement of the invention, a thermometer port is arranged on the side wall of the tower body of the desulfurizer filling part, and a thermometer is arranged.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the bottom ceramic ball layer is arranged as the bottom support of the desulfurizer, so that the risk of collapse caused by strength reduction after a metal support structural member adopted in the prior art is corroded by an acidic humid environment is avoided, and the workload of needing personnel to mount and overhaul the metal member is further avoided. Meanwhile, manhole groups with 90-degree included angles are arranged at the bottom and the middle of the tower body, so that the desulfurizer can be cleaned in the full circumferential direction, and the workload of personnel entering the desulfurizer cleaning process is avoided.
According to the desulfurizer, the bottom ceramic ball layer is used as the bottom support of the desulfurizer bed layer through the combination of ceramic balls with different sizes, the diameter of the ceramic balls is smaller and smaller from bottom to top, and the ceramic balls are good in pressure resistance and more stable in bottom support due to the structural arrangement; compared with the use of a layered support structure in the tower, the tower can avoid the over-large stress of the bottom layer support structure and the resulting compression collapse; meanwhile, the bottom ceramic ball layer has the function of gas distribution.
According to the desulfurizing tower, the top manhole, the middle 90-degree manhole group and the bottom 90-degree manhole group are arranged on the tower body and are combined in 90-degree distribution, the operation surface for cleaning the desulfurizing agent hardened in the desulfurizing tower barrel is increased, the range of the desulfurizing agent can be completely covered by the top manhole, the middle manhole and the bottom manhole, and the desulfurizing agent can be conveniently cleaned in the whole circumferential direction of large-size and high-bed towers at different heights.
According to the invention, the manhole at the top of the tower body, the gas inlet and the distributor are integrally arranged, and the inlet distributor and the gas inlet are integrally arranged and can be taken out together with the cover of the manhole at the top, so that the installation and the disassembly of personnel are not required, and the personnel-free loading and unloading are realized.
A plurality of press strips are arranged in the tower body and used for pressing the metal wire mesh, so that the metal wire mesh is prevented from curling during installation and subsequent use, and people are not required to lay flat and replace the metal wire mesh.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a large-sized high-bed dry desulfurization tower without personnel entering and loading and unloading, which is disclosed in the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a mounting structure of a plurality of press beads according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a tower body; 2. a desulfurizer bed layer; 3. a manhole group with 90 degrees in the middle; 4. a manhole group with 90 degrees at the bottom; 5. a wire mesh; 6. a third ceramic ball layer; 7. a second ceramic ball layer; 8. a first ceramic ball layer; 9. a gas outlet; 10. an outlet distributor; 11. a purge port; 12. a thermometer port; 13. a safety valve port; 14. a top manhole; 15. a gas inlet; 16. an inlet distributor; 17. a vent port; 18. an upper ceramic ball layer; 19. a water injection port; 20. and (7) pressing the strips.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or to implicitly indicate a number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:
as shown in fig. 1, the large-size high bed dry desulfurization tower capable of being loaded and unloaded without personnel access provided by the invention comprises a tower body 1, wherein a top manhole 14 is arranged at the top end of the tower body 1, a gas inlet 15 is integrally sleeved on a cover of the top manhole 14, an inlet distributor 16 is integrally installed at the lower side of the gas inlet 15, and open holes are uniformly formed in the radial direction of the inlet distributor 16; the side walls of the tower body 1 at two sides of the top manhole 14 are respectively provided with a safety valve port 13, an emptying port 17 and a water injection port 19;
the middle part circumference and the bottom circumference of the tower body 1 are respectively provided with a middle 90-degree manhole group 3 and a bottom 90-degree manhole group 4, the bottom end is downwards provided with a gas outlet 9, the bottom end in the tower body 1 is provided with an outlet distributor 10, the outlet distributor 10 is positioned on the upper side of the gas outlet 9, and the outlet distributor 10 is uniformly provided with open holes in the radial direction;
a bottom ceramic ball layer is arranged at the bottom in the tower body 1, a plurality of layers of ceramic balls (such as a first ceramic ball layer 8, a first ceramic ball layer 7 and a first ceramic ball layer 6) with the diameters from large to small are sequentially arranged on the bottom ceramic ball layer from bottom to top, a metal wire net 5 is arranged on the upper side of the ceramic ball layer at the bottom, and a plurality of pressing strips 20 are fixedly arranged on the upper side of the metal wire net 5; a desulfurizer is filled above the wire mesh 5 to form a desulfurizer bed layer 2;
the upper side of the desulfurizer bed layer 2 in the tower body 1 is also filled with an upper ceramic ball layer 18 with fixed thickness, and the upper ceramic ball layer 18 is positioned below the gas inlet 15 and covers the cross section of the tower body 1.
The bottom end of the tower body 1 and the side of the gas outlet 9 are also provided with a purging port 11.
In particular, the method comprises the following steps of,
the tower body 1 is in a vertically placed oil tank shape, the bottom of the tower body 1 is provided with a placing rack adapted to the shape of the bottom of the tower body 1, a gas outlet 9 is positioned in the center of the bottom surface of the tower body 1, a first ceramic ball layer 8 is sequentially filled in a bottom ceramic ball layer in the tower body 1, the bottom ceramic ball layer is filled to a height of 100mm above a bottom seal head weld line, a second ceramic ball layer 7 with the height of 100mm is continuously filled in the tower body 1, a third ceramic ball layer 6 with the height of 100mm is filled in the tower body, and the first ceramic ball layer 8, the second ceramic ball layer 7 and the third ceramic ball layer 6 are respectively filled in the tower body
A porcelain ball,
A porcelain ball,
The ceramic ball layers are paved to be used as the bottom support of the desulfurizer bed layer 2, and the ceramic ball layers also play a role in gas distribution;
the upper ceramic ball layer 18 is made of
The ceramic ball has a filling height (thickness) of 100mm and is used for pressing a desulfurizing agent and distributing gas;
a plurality of manhole groups 3 with 90 degrees in the middle can be arranged and distributed on different heights of the tower body 1; every 90 manholes of group 3 or bottom 4 in the middle of the group all include a plurality of 90 manholes, evenly distributed in the same high circumference of tower body 1.
The water injection port 19 is used for injecting a certain amount of fresh water into the tower body 1 before the desulfurizer is unloaded from the tower body 1 to soak the surface of the desulfurizer, so that residual hydrogen sulfide is dissolved in water, and harm to human bodies caused by suction in the unloading process is avoided.
A thermometer port 12 is arranged on the side wall of the tower body 1 filled with the desulfurizer, and a thermometer is arranged for detecting the temperature of the desulfurizer during operation.
The safety valve port 13, the blowing port 11 and the vent 17 are used for opening the safety valve port 13 (playing an overpressure protection role on the tower body 1) before the desulfurizer is discharged from the tower body 1, the pressure is relieved to normal pressure through the bypass of the safety valve port 13, the vent 17 is opened, nitrogen is injected into the tower body 1 through the blowing port 11, the gas replacement is carried out on the tower body 1, the gas discharged from the tower body 1 in the process is discharged through the vent 17, and the residual hydrogen sulfide gas is removed.
The inlet distributor 16 is radially provided with a hole, gas which vertically enters the tower body 1 downwards is radially distributed towards the tower body 1, the outlet distributor 10 is radially provided with a hole, the gas is collected towards the inside of the whole tower body 1, and the gas which transversely enters the outlet distributor 10 vertically flows out of the distributor downwards; further, the outlet distributor 10, the inlet distributor 16, the upper ceramic ball layer 18 and the bottom ceramic ball layer cooperate to uniformly distribute gas in the tower body 1 for desulfurization reaction, and prevent the gas from forming a straight short circuit from the inlet to the outlet.
As shown in fig. 2, a plurality of press bars 20 start from the same point at the edge of the cross section of the tower body 1 on the upper side of the wire mesh 5 at one end, and extend to the end of the cross section at the other end; the plurality of press strips 20 are distributed at equal included angles on the inner sides of the tangent lines of the points, preferably, 5 stainless steel press strips 20 are adopted and are uniformly distributed at 30-degree included angles.
According to the invention, the porcelain balls with different sizes are combined to be used as the bottom support of the desulfurizer bed layer 2, so that the risk of corrosion collapse of a metal support structural member is avoided, and the workload of needing personnel to mount and overhaul the metal member is avoided. Avoiding the use of a layered support arrangement. Meanwhile, the bottom and the middle of the desulfurization tower are provided with the manhole groups with 90-degree included angles, so that the desulfurization agent can be cleaned in the full circumferential direction, and the workload of personnel entering the desulfurization agent cleaning process is avoided. An integrated inlet distributor 16 is used to facilitate disassembly. 5 stainless steel battens 20 distributed at an included angle of 30 degrees are installed in the manhole group 4 with the bottom of 90 degrees, and the stainless steel wire mesh is prevented from being curled in the whole circumferential direction. Finally, the desulfurizer filling of a large-caliber high-bed-layer desulfurizing tower, which is carried out by personnel, is avoided, and the safety risk of the desulfurizer in the filling process is effectively reduced.
Example (b):
(1) As shown in FIG. 1, the process of filling the desulfurizer in the large-size high-bed dry desulfurization tower without entering personnel for loading and unloading comprises the following steps:
preparing desulfurizer, various specifications of porcelain balls, a wire mesh 5 and related tools.
The bottom ceramic balls and the metal wire mesh 5 are filled through a manhole group 4 with 90 degrees at the bottom, and firstly, the bottom ceramic balls and the metal wire mesh are filled
The ceramic balls are filled to the height of 100mm above the welding lines of the bottom end socket, and the ceramic balls are continuously filled to the height of 100mm
Ceramic balls, continuously filling with 100mm high
And (3) paving each layer of the porcelain balls, then placing the metal wire mesh 5, and finally pressing the metal wire mesh 5 by using 5 stainless steel pressing strips 20 to ensure that the metal wire mesh 5 is flat. Closing the bottom 90 manhole group 4.
Slowly filling the desulfurizer from the top manhole 14 to the filling height by using a special tool, and continuously filling the desulfurizer with the height of 100mm
Porcelain ball and then the top manhole 14, gas inlet 15, vent 17 and inlet distributor 16 are installed in place.
So far, the filling process of the desulfurizer is finished, and no personnel are needed to enter the whole process.
(2) As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the invention provides a large-size high-bed dry desulfurization tower which can be loaded and unloaded without personnel, and the working principle of natural gas desulfurization by using the desulfurization tower is as follows:
the gas containing hydrogen sulfide enters the tower body 1 from the gas inlet 15, after the gas is distributed by the inlet distributor 16, the gas is diffused into the tower body 1 along the circumferential direction of the inlet distributor 16, and then is distributed again by the upper ceramic ball layer 18 to reach the desulfurizer bed layer 2, and then is subjected to chemical reaction with the desulfurizer by the desulfurizer bed layer 2 to remove the hydrogen sulfide, the residual gas enters the bottom ceramic ball layer, and then transversely enters the outlet distributor 10 after being distributed by the bottom ceramic ball layer, and finally flows out of the tower body 1 from the gas outlet 9, so that the desulfurization process is completed.
As the active chemical substances in the desulfurizing agent continuously react with hydrogen sulfide, the desulfurizing agent is gradually depleted. The spent waste desulfurizer needs to be discharged from the tower body 1, then a new desulfurizer is loaded, and meanwhile, free water and hydrocarbon liquid are often carried in natural gas, and the phenomenon of agglomeration and hardening can occur in the crushed and pulverized adsorbent (desulfurizer), so that an operator needs to manually shovel and clean the inner wall of the tower body 1.
(3) As shown in FIG. 1, the process of unloading the desulfurizer in the large-size high-bed dry desulfurization tower without entering the tower by personnel comprises the following steps:
the gas inlet 15 and the gas outlet 9 of the tower body 1 are closed, and the pressure is released to the normal pressure by bypassing through the safety valve port 13.
Opening the vent 17, injecting nitrogen from the purging port 11 for gas replacement, and injecting a certain amount of fresh water from the water injection port 19 to wet the surface of the desulfurizer;
the top manhole 14 is then opened and the bottom 90 manhole group 4 is slowly opened for slow discharge. In the process, basically all the desulfurizer can flow and be discharged automatically under the condition that the normal desulfurizer is not hardened, and in the final discharging stage, a special tool (such as an iron chisel) is adopted from a manhole group 4 with the bottom of 90 degrees to carry out the cleaning work of the residual desulfurizer in the whole circumferential direction; if the desulfurizer is hardened, the manhole group 3 with the middle part of 90 degrees needs to be opened, and tools such as iron borers and the like are adopted from the middle part to carry out manual crushing work on the hardened part of the inner wall. The desulfurizing agent range can be completely covered from the top manhole 14, the middle manhole and the bottom manhole, and manual treatment is convenient.
So far, the desulfurizing agent unloading process is finished, and personnel are not needed to enter the whole process.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) According to the invention, the bottom ceramic ball layer is arranged as the bottom support of the desulfurizer, so that the collapse risk caused by strength reduction after a metal support structural member adopted in the prior art is corroded by an acidic humid environment is avoided, and the workload of needing personnel to mount and overhaul the metal structural member is further avoided. Meanwhile, the manhole groups with 90-degree included angles are arranged at the bottom and the middle of the tower body, so that the desulfurizing agent can be cleaned in the full circumferential direction, and the workload of personnel entering the desulfurizing agent cleaning process is avoided.
(2) According to the desulfurizer bed, the bottom ceramic ball layer is used as the bottom support of the desulfurizer bed layer through the combination of ceramic balls with different sizes, the ceramic balls are smaller and smaller from bottom to top, and the ceramic balls are good in pressure resistance and more stable in bottom support due to the structural arrangement; compared with the use of a layered support structure in the tower, the tower can avoid the over-large stress of the bottom layer support structure and the resulting compression collapse; meanwhile, the bottom ceramic ball layer has the function of gas distribution.
(3) According to the desulfurizing tower, the top manhole, the middle 90-degree manhole group and the bottom 90-degree manhole group are arranged on the tower body and are combined in 90-degree distribution, the operation surface for cleaning the desulfurizing agent hardened in the cylinder body of the desulfurizing tower is increased, the range of the desulfurizing agent can be completely covered by the top manhole, the middle manhole and the bottom manhole, and the desulfurizing agent can be conveniently cleaned in the whole circumferential direction of large-size and high-bed-layer towers at different heights.
(4) According to the invention, the manhole at the top of the tower body, the gas inlet and the distributor are integrally arranged, and the inlet distributor and the gas inlet are integrally arranged and can be taken out together with the cover of the manhole at the top, so that the installation and the disassembly of personnel are not required, and the personnel-free loading and unloading are realized.
(5) The tower body is internally provided with a plurality of press bars for pressing the metal wire mesh, so that the metal wire mesh is prevented from rolling during installation and subsequent use, and people do not need to lay flat and replace the metal wire mesh.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications and changes may be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A large-size high-bed dry desulfurization tower free of personnel entering for loading and unloading is characterized in that: the tower comprises a tower body, wherein a top manhole is arranged at the top end of the tower body, and a gas inlet is sleeved in the top manhole; the middle part and the bottom part of the tower body are respectively provided with a middle 90-degree manhole group and a bottom 90-degree manhole group in the circumferential direction, and the bottom end of the tower body is downwards provided with a gas outlet;
a bottom ceramic ball layer is arranged at the bottom in the tower body, a metal wire net is arranged on the upper side of the bottom ceramic ball layer, and a plurality of pressing strips are fixedly mounted on the upper side of the metal wire net; a desulfurizer is filled above the metal wire mesh;
the top end of the tower body is also provided with a safety valve port and a vent, and the bottom end of the tower body is also provided with a purging port.
2. The large-size high-bed dry desulfurization tower free of human access handling according to claim 1, characterized in that: bottom porcelain ball layer from the bottom up is equipped with the porcelain ball of multilayer diameter from big to little in proper order, the superiors wire mesh is laid to the porcelain ball upside, many layering of wire mesh upside fixed mounting.
3. The large-size high-bed dry desulfurization tower free of human access handling according to claim 2, characterized in that: the uniform ends of the pressing strips start from the same point at the edge of the cross section of the tower body on the upper side of the metal wire mesh, and the other ends of the pressing strips extend to the end of the cross section;
the pressing strips are distributed at equal included angles on the inner sides of the tangents of the points.
4. The large-size high-bed dry desulfurization tower free of human access handling according to claim 1, characterized in that: an inlet distributor is integrally installed on the lower side of the gas inlet, and holes are uniformly formed in the radial direction of the inlet distributor.
5. The large-size high-bed dry desulfurization tower free of human access handling according to claim 1, characterized in that: an outlet distributor is arranged at the bottom end in the tower body and is positioned on the upper side of the gas outlet;
the radial direction of the outlet distributor is uniformly provided with open pores.
6. The large-size high-bed dry desulfurization tower free of human access loading and unloading according to claim 1, wherein: the upper side of the desulfurizer in the tower body is further filled with an upper ceramic ball layer with fixed thickness, and the upper ceramic ball layer is positioned below the gas inlet and covers the cross section of the tower body.
7. The large-sized high-bed dry desulfurization tower free from human access handling according to claim 6, characterized in that: and a water injection port is also arranged on the inner wall of the tower body on the upper side of the upper ceramic ball layer.
8. The large-size high-bed dry desulfurization tower free of human access handling according to claim 1, characterized in that: the middle 90-degree manhole groups can be provided with a plurality of groups and are distributed on different heights of the tower body.
9. The large-size high-bed dry desulfurization tower free of human access handling according to claim 1, characterized in that: every group the 90 manholes in middle part group or 90 manholes in bottom group all include a plurality of 90 manholes, evenly distributed in the circumference of the same height of tower body.
10. The large-size high-bed dry desulfurization tower free of human access handling according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a thermometer port is arranged on the side wall of the tower body of the desulfurizer filling part, and a thermometer is arranged.
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