CN115253484B - Automatic control method of V-shaped filter tank device - Google Patents
Automatic control method of V-shaped filter tank device Download PDFInfo
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- CN115253484B CN115253484B CN202210951493.1A CN202210951493A CN115253484B CN 115253484 B CN115253484 B CN 115253484B CN 202210951493 A CN202210951493 A CN 202210951493A CN 115253484 B CN115253484 B CN 115253484B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic control method of a V-shaped filter device, which dynamically analyzes backwash process parameters, relates to the relation between congestion rate, hydraulic load, backwash cycle and time, and optimizes backwash efficiency; multiple filter time sequence cross backwashing, and expanding the processing load of the filter from the software angle; meanwhile, the method needs more backwash water quantity, and correspondingly provides a water distribution PID control method matched with the characteristics of the centrifugal pump. The invention quantitatively and qualitatively analyzes the influence of the congestion rate and the hydraulic load on the backwash period and backwash time parameters in the backwash process. A corresponding control method is provided, and the backwashing efficiency is optimized; the multi-filter time sequence cross backwashing improves the processing speed of the filter body at the same time, increases the processing capacity and expands the processing load of the existing filter from the software angle; meanwhile, the multi-pump PID control method which is matched with the characteristics of the centrifugal pump and takes the water distribution amount as an input parameter is provided, and the multi-pump PID control method has universality for similar working conditions of pump water supply.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an automatic control method of a filter device, belongs to the technology of tail water automatic control treatment, and particularly relates to an automatic control method of a V-shaped filter device.
Background
The V-shaped filter tank is a tail water treatment device commonly applied by water treatment production enterprises, the control core of the device is a filter tank sequential backwashing function, the device is a current mature mainstream technology by adopting a monomer sequential logic method matched with the device, and the device is good in field use effect.
At present, most of V-filter production treatment processes in factories are completed by combination of multiple tanks. The main flow control method is that each tank body is backwashed independently, and backwashed is triggered according to indexes of a water loss meter or backwashed in a time polling sequencing mode. During this time, all tank backwashes are unique, which is due on the one hand to the consideration of the water backwash supply capacity. On the other hand, the single-tank unique sequence does not need to consider the common and time-sequence mixed logic of backwash pumps when the backwash of multiple tanks is crossed in the process of programming, thereby reducing the difficulty of the program.
The whole filtering and backwashing flow is as follows: when the blocking state is reached (water loss meter feedback index) or the polling time is reached, the backwash sequence starts. (1) And cutting off the water inlet valve and waiting for the liquid level to decrease. (2) When the liquid level drops below the drain valve, the wash drain valve opens. (3) When the liquid level continues to drop to about the filtering surface 200, the water producing valve is closed, the water inlet valve is opened, the steam pump is opened, and the air valve starts to perform air washing. (4) After air washing for A minutes, replacing steam washing: the purge pump P1\P2 is turned on, and the purge valve is opened. (5) After the steam washing is carried out for B minutes, the air washing pump, the air washing valve and the exhaust valve are closed. And the cleaning pump P1 is turned off to perform water cleaning. (6) After washing with water for C minutes, the washing valve, the washing pump P2, and the washing were closed. (7) And (5) closing the cleaning drain valve in a delayed manner, and opening the water producing valve. And entering a normal filtering process. I.e. the next cycle. Wherein, the air washing time A, the steam washing time B and the water washing time C are all washing adjustment time parameters.
The backwashing flow of each tank body is completely consistent. The backwash sequencing of the multiple pools is performed in a large cycle by manually triggering backwash or program polling. Because only one tank backwash state is required currently, the polling queuing program is not required to consider a plurality of sequential data records and backwash water supply increment problems.
The existing V-shaped filter control scheme has few parameters, easy operation, simple understanding and stable operation, but the defects are also obvious: 1. in the conventional V-filtration control, the backwash time and backwash frequency are judged and triggered only by the point feedback of a water loss meter, and the conditions of the congestion rate of filter cloth and the rapid increase of water load are not deeply analyzed and solved; 2. the unique sequential backwashing function design of the single tank limits the water treatment capacity of the filter tank, is limited by the original designs of the tank body and the space volume, and cannot be used in the face of a larger load working condition; 3. the absence of hardware (backwash pump number) also limits the implementation of the software retrofit solution, since backwash water supply only considers the water supply capacity of a single tank only in the original design.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve and make up the defects of the main flow control scheme, optimize the backwashing process and improve the filtering backwashing capacity. The filtering processing load of the existing technology is expanded through the software modification and the addition of a backwash pump which is a low-cost control scheme.
Aiming at the defects of the current V-filter main flow control method, the invention designs a new control solution: carrying out dynamic analysis on backwash process parameters, relating to the relation between the congestion rate, the hydraulic load and backwash cycle and time, and optimizing backwash efficiency; multiple filter time sequence cross backwashing, and expanding the processing load of the filter from the software angle; meanwhile, the method needs more backwash water quantity, and correspondingly provides a water distribution PID control method matched with the characteristics of the centrifugal pump.
S1, influence of abnormal congestion rate R and water quantity mutation factors on backwashing time A\B\C and backwashing period T in a filtering backwashing flow sequence;
congestion rate anomalies: r=dy/dt represents the congestion rate, Y is the water loss meter value, and t is time. Detecting current congestion rate R and empirical characteristic value R in program at real time t Comparing the difference E t = |r-rt| when E t And (3) judging that the current congestion is abnormal, wherein a is a set coefficient, and generally takes 20-50% according to actual experience. When congestion abnormality occurs, the backwashing time A\B\C is amplified, and the washing time is increased.
Water quantity mutation: when water quantity mutation occurs and high water flow is carried out under the load of F, the washing interval period T parameter among the tanks is shortened in advance. By using the segmentation ratio method, when F>At 130% x, t=90%t 0 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the When F>At 160% x, t=80% T 0 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the When F>At 200% x, t=60% T 0 .T 0 Is the empirical period at normal load.
S2, carrying out backwashing cross polling processing on loads in the multiple filters;
when the multi-filter backwashing is cross designed, the N-number of the sequence controller array controllers U [ N ] are designed correspondingly one by one. Therefore, under the condition that the large load period T is shortened, the process of carrying out two or even three tank body cross backwashing treatment occurs, the water flow filtering speed is accelerated, and the load treatment capacity is improved.
S3, a water distribution PID control method matched with the characteristics of the centrifugal pump and corresponding to the large water backwash;
when multiple pumps are added, the multiple flow profile characteristics are superimposed over time. Avoiding pump characteristic dead band superposition for smooth flow regulation effect, use segmented flow/frequency algorithm: (1) the normal flow interval X dead zone interval Xd is determined by a pump test. (2) When the target flow F mod x=xd, the flow control enters the dead zone inefficiency section L. When divided, flow control enters the normal high efficiency section H. (3) The segmentation formula: n=f/(x+xd), n being the number of pumps on; when the low-efficiency area is judged, the previous starting pump is at low frequency; when judging the high frequency region, the former starting pump is high frequency; the pump is always switched to operate the pump under the control of PID. With the recurrence, the working condition inefficiency and high efficiency alternately appear with the increase of the flow load; the number of pumps started is increased, the fixed frequency is increased and decreased, and the conditions regulated by PID are executed according to the recurrence rule.
The automatic control solution of the V-shaped filter device designed by the invention has the following advantages: 1. the quantitative and qualitative analysis analyzes the influence of the congestion rate and the hydraulic load on the backwash cycle and backwash time parameters in the backwash process. A corresponding control method is provided, and the backwashing efficiency is optimized; 2. the multi-filter time sequence cross backwashing improves the processing speed of the filter body at the same time, increases the processing capacity and expands the processing load of the existing filter from the software angle; 3. meanwhile, the multi-pump PID control method which is matched with the characteristics of the centrifugal pump and takes the water distribution amount as an input parameter is provided, and the multi-pump PID control method has universality for similar working conditions of pump water supply.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a V-filter timing diagram.
Fig. 2 is a pump timing diagram.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is an automatic control method of the V-shaped filter device, and the implementation process of the method is as follows:
1) The influence of detail factors on backwashing is considered in the filtering backwashing flow sequence.
1、Congestion rate anomalies: the index for backwashing is usually that the filter cloth is seriously blocked, and the index is the feedback Y value of the water loss instrument. Y (t) is a function of the fouling value over time, and the derivative dY/dt is indicative of the congestion rate. During debugging, the dY/dt value of each point in the range of Y epsilon (0, 1.5) m can be recorded through production records. In general, an average recorded value of about ten times can be used to determine a filter cloth fouling curve as an empirical characteristic value T t Reference is made to the following. Detecting current congestion rate R and empirical characteristic value R in program at real time t Comparing the difference E t = |r-rt| when E t And (3) judging that the current congestion is abnormal, wherein a is a set coefficient, and generally takes 20-50% according to actual experience. When congestion abnormality occurs, the backwashing parameters A\B\C are amplified, and the washing time is prolonged.
2. Water quantity mutation: the filter cloth congestion is a direct expression factor of the filter tank needing backwashing, and the water load mutation is an indirect factor influencing the backwashing. The flow of filtered process water is normally substantially within a stable range (0, X). However, when the sewage enters a sewage load peak (sewage in production and life or seasonal flood), the water quantity can be suddenly changed for a period of time. At this time, the backwashing rule of the original conventional load cannot be matched with the treatment capacity at high load in a large probability. At this time, the washing interval period T parameter among the tanks is shortened in advance according to the front-end inflow F. The program design adopts a segmentation ratio method, when F>At 130% x, t=90%t 0 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the When F>At 160% x, t=80% T 0 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the When F>At 200% x, t=60% T 0 ，T 0 Is the empirical period at normal load.
2) The backwash cross polling load management capacity of the multiple filters is improved;
the conventional multi-filter backwashing has uniqueness, namely only one filter enters a backwashing sequence in the programming large-cycle sequencing; such software designs typically employ a single sequence controller U. And when the pointer circularly selects the pool body h (N=h), the input and output parameters such as equipment variables, backwashing time and the like corresponding to the pool h are related to the controller U and trigger the start. The controller U executes the sequence and outputs the sequence to the pointer pool body control equipment. Fig. 1 is a V-filter timing diagram.
When the multi-filter backwashing is cross designed, the N-number of the sequence controller array controllers U [ N ] are designed correspondingly one by one. The cyclic ordering among the tanks still exists, but each tank has an independent controller, and the starting of each flow is not conflicted. Therefore, under the condition that the large load period T is shortened, the process of carrying out two or even three tank body cross backwashing treatment occurs, the water flow filtering speed is accelerated, and the load treatment capacity is improved.
3) The large water backwash is corresponding to the water distribution PID control method matched with the characteristics of the centrifugal pump;
the conventional water feeding backwash control only uses one pump for water feeding (one for one) and only uses a flow PID controller for backwash water feeding. And during multi-tank backwashing, constant flow control of a plurality of pumps is required according to the water quantity.
According to centrifugal pump characteristicsQ is flow, n is rotation speed, s g S is friction resistance, H 0 To feed water height, H b Is the lift at the current rotation speed. It can be deduced that the flow rate and the rotational speed (frequency) follow a hyperbolic function. And there is a minimum frequency limit value f 0 At f 0 Pump flow is 0 below; when crossing f 0 When the water pump is supplied with water, the water can have a sudden step, and the pump flow has a dead zone. The constant flow of the multi-pump water supply needs to avoid dead zone, so that the control of the flow interval near the dead zone needs to be controlled in a segmented mode, and especially the PID regulation in the range is easy to overshoot. The PID of a single pump is designed all the time, and other pumps are set at constant speed so as to ensure the stability of flow transition during pump cutting.
When multiple pumps are added, the multiple flow profile characteristics are superimposed over time. Avoiding dead zone superposition for smooth flow regulation effect, a segmented flow/frequency algorithm is used: (1) the normal flow interval X dead zone interval Xd is determined by a pump test. (2) When the target flow F mod x=xd, the flow control enters the dead zone inefficiency section L. When divided, flow control enters the normal high efficiency section H. (3) The segmentation formula: n=f/(x+xd), n being the number of pumps on; when the low-efficiency area is judged, the previous starting pump is at low frequency; when judging the high frequency region, the former starting pump is high frequency; the pump is always switched to operate the pump under the control of PID. With the recurrence, the working condition inefficiency and high efficiency alternately appear with the increase of the flow load; the number of pumps started is increased, the fixed frequency is increased and decreased, and the conditions regulated by PID are executed according to the recurrence rule. Fig. 2 is a pump timing diagram.
Thus, the high-efficiency H and low-efficiency L working condition interval is set by setting the flow load segmentation range X. The automatic program automatically calculates and optimizes the quantity of the started pumps, the running frequency and the adjusting and controlling method according to the constant-flow water supply and the water supply characteristics of the centrifugal pump, and the stable flow of backwashing is achieved.
Claims (1)
1. An automatic control method of a V-shaped filter device is characterized in that: carrying out dynamic analysis on backwash process parameters, relating to the relation between the congestion rate, the hydraulic load and backwash cycle and time, and optimizing backwash efficiency; multiple filter time sequence cross backwashing, and expanding the processing load of the filter from the software angle; meanwhile, more backwash water is needed, and a water distribution PID control method matched with the characteristics of the centrifugal pump is correspondingly provided;
the implementation flow of the automatic control method is as follows,
s1, influence of congestion rate R abnormality and water quantity mutation factors on backwash time A/B/C and backwash period T in a filter backwash flow sequence;
congestion rate anomaly: r=dy/dt, i.e. the congestion rate, Y is the water loss meter value, t is the time; detecting the current congestion rate R and the empirical characteristic value R in real time in a program t Comparing the difference E t ＝|R-R t I, when E t Judging that the current congestion is abnormal, wherein a is a set coefficient; when congestion abnormality occurs, amplifying the backwashing time A/B/C, and increasing the washing time;
water quantity mutation: when water quantity mutation occurs and high water inflow is carried out under the load F, the washing interval period T parameter among the tanks is shortened in advance; by using the segmentation ratio method, when F>At 130% x, t=90%t 0 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the When F>At 160% x, t=80% T 0 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the When F>At 200% x, t=60% T 0 ；
T 0 Is the experience period at normal load;
s2, backwashing, polling and load processing of the multiple filters;
when the multi-filter backwashing is cross-designed, the N corresponding pond body design sequence controllers U [ N ] are in one-to-one correspondence;
s3, a water distribution PID control method matched with the characteristics of the centrifugal pump and corresponding to the large water backwash;
when multiple pumps are dosed, the multiple flow curve characteristics are superimposed in time, using a segmented flow/frequency algorithm: (1) determining a normal flow interval X and a dead zone interval Xd through a pump test; (2) when the target flow fmodx=xd, the flow control enters a dead zone inefficiency section L; when the flow is divided, the flow control enters a normal high-efficiency section H; (3) the segmentation formula: n=f/(x+xd), n being the number of pumps on; when the low frequency area is judged, the previous starting pump is at low frequency; when judging the high frequency region, the former starting pump is high frequency; the total number of the pumps is seen to be the current switching operation pumps under the control of PID;
as the flow load increases, the working conditions are low-efficiency and high-efficiency alternately; the number of pumps started is increased, the fixed frequency is increased and decreased, and the conditions regulated by PID are executed according to the recurrence rule.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10967303B2 (en) * | 2018-03-08 | 2021-04-06 | Mark W. Romers | Filter backwash control system for a water or wastewater treatment system to conserve water during the filter backwash process |
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| US6562238B1 (en) * | 1998-12-29 | 2003-05-13 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Method and apparatus for controlling counter current |
| JP2000317227A (en) * | 1999-05-10 | 2000-11-21 | Meidensha Corp | Method for controlling washing of washing filter basin |
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