CN115250662B - Active and passive profiling depth precise control combined operation seeder - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an active and passive profiling sowing depth precise control combined operation seeder, which includes a frame. A rotary tiller, an adjustable double disc trenching device, and a pressing roller are installed below the frame from front to back. The disc trenching device includes a double disc trencher mounting frame, a double disc trencher, a support column, a rotating sleeve, a mounting frame connecting plate, a hydraulic rod mounting base, a hydraulic rod, a mounting frame connecting rod, and ground wheel detection The component controls the hydraulic rod to drive the adjustable double-disc trenching device according to the height of the ground, so that the adjustable double-disc trenching device remains parallel to the ground. The adjustable double-disc trenching device is under the telescopic control of the hydraulic rod. When encountering sloping ground, it can automatically adjust so that the entire adjustable double-disc trenching device can adapt to the sloping ground, making the sowing depth more uniform and conducive to seed growth. , and the ground wheel detection component is installed to detect the inclination of the ground during the entire working process of the device, which is real-time, efficient and has good use effect.

Description

An active and passive profiling sowing depth precise control combined operation seeder

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of integrated seeders, and specifically relates to an active and passive profiling sowing depth precise control combined operation seeder.

Background technique

When sowing crops, a rotary tiller is generally used to loosen and organize the soil, and then a fertilizer spreader and a seeder are used to fertilize and sow seeds respectively. Due to the single function of these machines, rotary tillage, fertilization, and sowing operations are mostly performed separately. This not only wastes time, but also requires the machines to enter the ground many times, compacting the soil, damaging crops, and increasing operating costs. In the industry, integrated seeders are used that can complete sowing and fertilizing at one time. Although the existing integrated seeders integrate sowing and fertilizing and can also adjust the sowing depth, with the development of lean agriculture, the There are high requirements for the uniformity of sowing depth to ensure that seeds grow at the most suitable soil depth. The existing equipment mainly uses passive profiling, which has unsatisfactory effects. Its response to sowing depth control is slow, and it is difficult to achieve satisfactory sowing depth accuracy. The effect is that the consistency of sowing depth is poor, resulting in low seed germination rate, causing some seeds to be sown deeper and shallower, making it difficult for seeds to grow.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an active and passive profiling sowing depth precise control combined operation seeder to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an active and passive profiling sowing depth precise control combined operation seeder, including a frame, under which a rotary tiller and an adjustable double disc are installed in sequence from front to back. A ditching device, a pressing roller, a fertilizing box and a seeding box are installed in sequence from front to back on the top of the frame;

The middle part of the adjustable double-disc ditching device is connected to the frame by rotation, and the frame is connected to the adjustable double-disc ditching device through a hydraulic rod. The expansion and contraction of the hydraulic rod drives the adjustable double-disc ditching device to rotate for active imitation. Shaped to fit sloping ground;

Ground wheel detection components are installed on both sides of the adjustable double disc trenching device and on the frame. The ground wheel detection component controls the connection of the hydraulic rod. The ground wheel detection component controls the adjustment of the hydraulic rod according to the height of the ground. The adjustable double-disc trenching device rotates to keep the adjustable double-disc trenching device parallel to the ground;

The ground wheel detection assembly includes a frame connecting rod and a ground wheel frame. The frame connecting rod and the ground wheel frame are rotationally connected through a shaft. The ground wheel is installed at the lower end of the ground wheel frame. The ground wheel frame is mounted on the frame connecting rod and A contact installation frame is provided at one end close to the shaft. Upper and lower contacts are respectively provided at the upper and lower ends of the contact installation frame. The inside of the ground wheel frame is fixedly connected to the paddle, and the paddle is located on the upper contact between point and lower contact point;

The paddles on both sides are electrically connected, and the upper and lower contacts on both sides are electrically connected to the positive and negative poles of a power supply respectively, forming two power supply lines. An electromagnetic reversing valve is connected between the hydraulic rod and the power source. , and the two electrical interfaces of the electromagnetic reversing valve are respectively connected to the power lines on both sides.

Preferably, the adjustable double-disc trenching device includes a double-disc trencher mounting frame, a double-disc trencher, a support column, a rotating sleeve, a mounting frame connecting plate, a hydraulic rod mounting seat, and a hydraulic rod. Mounting rack connecting rod, two rows of double disc trenchers are alternately installed on the double disc trencher mounting rack, two mounting rack connecting plates are provided and the lower ends are respectively connected to the middle part of the double disc trencher mounting rack. On both sides, the rotating sleeve passes through and is fixedly connected to the upper ends of the two mounting bracket connecting plates. The support column passes through and is rotationally connected to the rotating sleeve. Both ends of the support column are fixedly installed on the frame. The hydraulic rod mounting seat is fixedly installed on the support column. One end of the hydraulic rod mounting seat is rotatably connected to the hydraulic rod. The other end of the hydraulic rod is rotatably connected to one end of the mounting frame connecting rod. The other end of the mounting frame connecting rod is rotatably connected. Fixedly connected to the double disc opener mounting bracket.

Preferably, two discharge openings are provided on the upper arc-shaped plate of the double disc trencher, one of which is connected to the sowing box through a hose.

Preferably, the upper contact and the lower contact are connected to the contact mounting frame through screw rods.

Preferably, the contact mounting frame is insulated from the upper contact and the lower contact.

Preferably, the ground wheel frame is composed of two U-shaped frames that are welded and arranged in opposite directions. One U-shaped frame is rotatably connected to the ground wheel, and the other U-shaped frame is rotatably connected to a shaft. The shaft is fixedly arranged on the frame connection. one end of the rod.

Preferably, adjusting screws are fixedly provided on both sides of the contact installation frame, and an adjusting slot is provided on the frame connecting rod corresponding to the adjusting screw. The adjusting screw passes through the adjusting slot and is screwed to the locking screw.

The technical effects and advantages of the present invention: the active and passive profiling sowing depth precise control combined operation seeder, the adjustable double disc trenching device under the telescopic control of the hydraulic rod, can automatically adjust when encountering sloping ground, making the entire The double-disc trenching device is adapted to the inclined ground, making the sowing depth more uniform and conducive to seed growth. Moreover, the ground wheel detection component is installed to detect the inclination of the ground during the entire working process of the device, which is real-time, efficient and effective.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the adjustable double disc trenching device and the frame of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the adjustable double disc trenching device of the present invention;

Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the double disk opener of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the ground wheel detection assembly of the present invention;

Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the paddle, upper contact, and lower contact of the present invention;

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic rod control of the present invention.

In the picture: 1. Frame; 2. Rotary tiller; 3. Adjustable double disc trenching device; 31. Double disc trenching device mounting bracket; 32. Double disc trenching device; 33. Support column; 34. Rotating sleeve; 35. Mounting frame connecting plate; 36. Hydraulic rod mounting seat; 37. Hydraulic rod; 38. Mounting frame connecting rod; 4. Pressure roller; 5. Fertilizer box; 6. Seeding box; 7. Ground Wheel detection component; 71. Frame connecting rod; 72. Contact installation frame; 73. Upper contact; 74. Lower contact; 75. Ground wheel frame; 76. Shaft; 77. Pick; 78. Ground wheel .

Detailed ways

The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted here that the description of these embodiments is used to help understand the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

The invention provides an active and passive profiling sowing depth precise control combined operation seeder as shown in Figure 1, which includes a frame 1. A rotary cultivator 2 and an adjustable double disc opener are installed below the frame 1 from front to back. The ditch device 3, the pressing roller 4, the fertilizing box 5 and the seeding box 6 are installed above the frame 1 from front to back. The frame 1 is installed behind the tractor and other traction machinery. The traction machinery drives the work, and the fertilizer in the fertilizing box 5 falls into In the field, the soil is rotary tilled again. The rotary tiller 2 performs rotary tillage on the soil. Then the adjustable double-disc furrowing device 3 trenches the soil after rotary tillage. The seeds in the sowing box 6 fall into the trench and are finally pressed Roller 4 performs soil covering and suppression. The rotating shafts of the suppression roller 4, fertilizer box 5, and seeding box 6 are connected by chains. The power of the fertilizer box 5 and seeding box 6 comes from the friction between the suppression roller 4 and the ground;

As shown in Figures 2, 3, and 4, the adjustable double-disc trenching device 3 includes a double-disc trencher mounting frame 31, a double-disc trencher 32, a support column 33, a rotating sleeve 34, and a mounting frame connecting plate 35. , hydraulic rod mounting seat 36, hydraulic rod 37, mounting frame connecting rod 38, two discharge openings are provided on the upper arc plate of the double disk opener 32, one of which is connected to the seeding box through a hose ( 6), the seeds in the sowing box 6 are dropped into the soil in the double disc opener 32 through the hose. Two rows of double disc openers 32 are alternately installed on the double disc opener mounting frame 31, and the mounting frames are connected. Two plates 35 are provided and the lower ends are respectively connected to both sides of the middle part of the double disk opener mounting frame 31. The rotating sleeve 34 passes through and is fixedly connected to the upper ends of the two mounting frames connecting plate 35. The support column 33 passes through and is rotationally connected. Rotate the sleeve 34, both ends of the support column 33 are fixedly installed on the frame 1, the hydraulic rod mounting seat 36 is fixedly installed on the support column 33, the hydraulic rod mounting seat 36 is connected to one end of the hydraulic rod 37 by rotation, and the other end of the hydraulic rod 37 One end is rotatably connected to one end of the mounting bracket connecting rod 38, and the other end of the mounting bracket connecting rod 38 is fixedly connected to the double disk opener mounting bracket 31. When the hydraulic rod 37 extends, the mounting bracket connecting rod 38 is pushed, and the mounting bracket The connecting rod 38 drives the entire double disc opener mounting frame 31 to tilt to the right. When the hydraulic rod 37 retracts, the mounting frame connecting rod 38 is pulled, and the mounting frame connecting rod 38 drives the entire double disc opener mounting frame 31 Lean to the left;

The two discs of the double-disc trencher 32 are fixed at an angle on both sides of the disc fixed rod. A spring is sleeved on the disc fixed rod. The setting of the spring allows the double-disc trencher 32 to move up and down during operation. activity to achieve passive profiling. The structure of the double-disc trencher 32 is an existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

As shown in Figures 5 and 6, ground wheel detection components 7 are installed on both sides of the adjustable double disc trenching device 3 and located on the frame 1. The ground wheel detection component 7 controls the hydraulic rod 37 to drive the adjustable double disc trenching device according to the height of the ground. The disc trenching device 3 keeps the adjustable double disc trenching device 3 parallel to the ground to achieve active profiling; the ground wheel detection component 7 includes a frame connecting rod 71 and a ground wheel frame 75. The frame connecting rod 71 is connected to the ground wheel. The wheel frame 75 is rotatably connected by a shaft 76. The ground wheel frame 75 is welded by two U-shaped frames arranged in opposite directions. One U-shaped frame is rotatably connected to the ground wheel 78, and the other U-shaped frame is rotatably connected to the shaft 76. 76 is fixedly arranged on one end of the frame connecting rod 71. A contact installation frame 72 is provided on the frame connecting rod 71 and close to the shaft 76. The upper contact 73 and the lower contact are respectively provided at both ends of the contact installation frame 72. At point 74, the inner side of the ground wheel frame 75 is fixedly connected to the paddle 77. The ground wheel frame 75, paddle 77, and ground wheel 78 are rotatable relative to the shaft 76, and the paddle 77 is located at the upper contact point 73 and the lower contact point. between 74.

As shown in Figure 7, the paddles 77 on both sides are electrically connected, and the upper contact 73 and the lower contact 74 on both sides are electrically connected to the positive and negative poles of a power supply respectively, forming two power lines, between the hydraulic rod 37 and the power source. The electromagnetic reversing valve is connected in between, the power source comes from the hydraulic system of the tractor, and the two electrical interfaces of the electromagnetic reversing valve are connected to the power lines on both sides respectively. The specific electromagnetic reversing valve is a center M type 3-position 4-way Electromagnetic reversing valve, the Y1 electrical interface of the electromagnetic reversing valve is connected to the power line on the left, and the Y2 electrical interface is connected to the power line on the right. The positive poles of the two power lines are both 24V, and P is the input port and power. Source oil pipe connection, T is the link between the output port and the oil tank, A and B are the two oil port connections between the output port and the hydraulic rod 37; for the convenience of description, the upper contacts 73 on the left and right sides are represented by a and c, and the left and right upper contacts 73 are represented by a and c. The lower contact points 74 are represented by b and d; when the left paddle 77 touches a and the right paddle touches d, it indicates that the distance from the ground to the left of the rack 1 is small and the distance to the ground to the right is large. The solenoid coil Y2 on the right side of the electromagnetic reversing valve is equivalent to the energized state. The valve core of the electromagnetic reversing valve will move to the right to make the electromagnetic reversing valve in the right position. When the electromagnetic reversing valve is in the right position, the hydraulic rod 37 will Extension, the extension of the hydraulic rod 37 will cause the double disk opener mounting frame 31 to rotate to the right. After rotating to the right at a certain angle, the left paddle 77 will be disconnected from a or the right paddle will be disconnected from d. After it is disconnected, Y2 is powered off, the valve core in the electromagnetic reversing valve returns to the neutral position by the action of the spring, and the double-disc opener mounting bracket 31 maintains the existing position until the height difference between the left and right reaches a certain level next time. or bc is connected; in the same way, when the left paddle 77 touches b and the right paddle touches c, it means that the distance from the ground on the right side of rack 1 is small at this time, and the distance on the left side is large, and the electromagnetic The electromagnetic coil Y1 on the left side of the reversing valve is equivalent to the energized state. The electromagnetic reversing valve is in the left position. The hydraulic rod 37 contracts and the opener mounting frame 31 rotates to the left until the left paddle 77 and b are disconnected or the right side The pick is disconnected from c.

Specifically, the upper contact 73 and the lower contact 74 are connected to the contact installation frame 72 through a screw. The screw is rotated to change the position of the screw on the contact installation frame 72, thereby adjusting the relationship between the upper contact 73 and the lower contact 74. The distance between the two sides can be changed, and the minimum height difference of the ground wheels 75 on both sides of the startup can be actively adjusted.

Specifically, the contact installation frame 72 is insulated from the upper contact 73 and the lower contact 74 to avoid the impact of the contact installation frame 72 on the upper contact 73 and the lower contact 74. The contact installation frame 72 can Made of insulating plastic.

During the use of this active and passive profiling sowing depth precision control combined operation seeder, the rotary tiller 2 performs rotary tillage on the soil, and then the adjustable double disc trenching device 3 trenches the soil after rotary tillage, and the ground wheel The detection component 7 walks in contact with the ground. When the passing ground tilts, the ground wheel 78 on one side moves downward due to gravity, and the ground wheel 78 on the other side moves upward due to the support of the ground, causing the paddles 77 on both sides to contact the upper contact upward respectively. Point 73 contacts the lower contact 74 downward, causing the electromagnetic reversing valve that controls the oil passage of the hydraulic rod 37 to conduct, and the power source drives the hydraulic rod 37 to expand and contract, causing the double disk opener mounting frame 31 to move toward the ground wheel 78 The downward side is tilted so that the adjustable double-disc trenching device 3 can adapt to the inclined ground and keep the sowing depth uniform. After the sowing is completed, it is suppressed by the compaction roller 4.

Specifically, adjustment screws are fixedly provided on both sides of the contact installation frame 72, and an adjustment slot is provided on the frame connecting rod 71 corresponding to the adjustment screw, and the adjustment screw passes through the adjustment slot and is screwed to the locking screw;

Depending on the sowing crops, the sowing depth requirements are different. During operation, a sowing depth can be set, such as 2 centimeters. At this time, the position of the contact installation frame 72 can be adjusted so that the paddle 77 is at the upper contact point 73 and the lower contact point. Between points 74, when the sowing depth needs to be 3 cm, the position of the contact installation frame 72 needs to be readjusted to achieve the purpose of the paddle 77 between the upper contact point 73 and the lower contact point 74; the control accuracy can be adjusted by The distance between the upper contact point 73 and the lower contact point 74 is realized. The position of the ground wheel 78 is determined by the height of the ground. The ground wheel 78 drives the ground wheel frame 75 and the paddle 77 to rotate, so that the paddle 77 moves between the upper contact point 73 and the lower contact point 73 . When the ground is horizontal, the paddles 77 on both sides are not in contact with the upper contact point 73 and the lower contact point 74. Only when the height difference between the ground on both sides reaches a certain level, the ground wheels on both sides will 78 The active adjustment mechanism will only start when the height difference reaches a certain level; this device is mainly aimed at the situation when the ground on both sides of the forward direction is tilted, which is also the main factor in the current poor sowing depth consistency. In the forward direction, the tractor and the seeder The hitch device is adjusted.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are illustrative and should not be construed as limitations of the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make modifications to the above-mentioned embodiments within the scope of the present invention. The embodiments are subject to changes, modifications, substitutions and variations.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides an active passive profile modeling is broadcast dark accurate control combined operation seeder, includes frame (1), its characterized in that: a rotary cultivator (2), an adjustable double-disc ditching device (3) and a pressing roller (4) are sequentially arranged below the frame (1) from front to back, and a fertilization box (5) and a seeding box (6) are sequentially arranged above the frame (1) from front to back;

the middle part of the adjustable double-disc ditching device (3) is rotationally connected with the frame (1), the frame (1) is in driving connection with the adjustable double-disc ditching device (3) through a hydraulic rod (37), and the hydraulic rod (37) stretches and contracts to drive the adjustable double-disc ditching device (3) to rotate so as to actively profile the ground to be suitable for inclination;

the adjustable double-disc ditching device (3) is characterized in that land wheel detection assemblies (7) are arranged on two sides of the adjustable double-disc ditching device (3) and positioned on the frame (1), the land wheel detection assemblies (7) are in control connection with a hydraulic rod (37), and the land wheel detection assemblies (7) adjust the rotation of the adjustable double-disc ditching device (3) according to the ground height control hydraulic rod (37) so that the adjustable double-disc ditching device (3) is parallel to the ground;

the land wheel detection assembly (7) comprises a frame connecting rod (71) and a land wheel frame (75), the frame connecting rod (71) is rotationally connected with the land wheel frame (75) through a shaft rod (76), a land wheel (78) is installed at the lower end of the land wheel frame (75), a contact installation frame (72) is arranged at one end, close to the shaft rod (76), of the frame connecting rod (71), an upper contact (73) and a lower contact (74) are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the inside of the contact installation frame (72), the inner side of the land wheel frame (75) is fixedly connected with a poking piece (77), and the poking piece (77) is located between the upper contact (73) and the lower contact (74);

the plectrum (77) electric connection of both sides, the positive pole and the negative pole of a power of upper contact (73) and lower contact (74) electric connection respectively of both sides form two power lines, connect the electromagnetic reversing valve between hydraulic rod (37) and the power supply, and two electric interfaces of electromagnetic reversing valve are connected respectively on the power line of both sides.

2. The active and passive profiling depth precise control combined operation seeder as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the utility model provides an adjustable double-disc ditching device (3) includes double-disc ditching device mounting bracket (31), double-disc ditching device (32), support column (33), rotating sleeve (34), mounting bracket connecting plate (35), hydraulic rod mount pad (36), hydraulic rod (37), mounting bracket connecting rod (38), install two rows of double-disc ditching device (32) on double-disc ditching device mounting bracket (31) in turn, mounting bracket connecting plate (35) set up two and the lower extreme is connected the middle part both sides of double-disc ditching device mounting bracket (31) respectively, rotating sleeve (34) pass and the upper end of two mounting bracket connecting plates (35) of fixed connection, support column (33) pass and rotate rotatory sleeve (34), the both ends fixed mounting of support column (33) is on frame (1), hydraulic rod mount pad (36) fixed mounting is on support column (33), hydraulic rod mount pad (36) rotate the one end of connecting rod (37), the other end of connecting rod (38) rotates the one end of connecting rod (38), the other end fixed connection of connecting rod (38) is on double-disc ditching device mounting bracket (31).

3. The active and passive profiling depth precise control combined operation seeder as claimed in claim 2, wherein: two feed openings are formed in an upper arc-shaped plate on the double-disc furrow opener (32), and one feed opening is connected with the seeding box (6) through a hose.

4. The active and passive profiling depth precise control combined operation seeder as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the upper contact (73) and the lower contact (74) are connected with the contact mounting frame (72) through screws.

5. The active and passive profiling depth precise control combined operation seeder as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the contact mounting frame (72) is connected with the upper contact (73) and the lower contact (74) in an insulating manner.

6. The active and passive profiling depth precise control combined operation seeder as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the land wheel frame (75) is formed by welding two reversely arranged U-shaped frames, one U-shaped frame is rotationally connected with the land wheel (78), the other U-shaped frame is rotationally connected with the shaft lever (76), and the shaft lever (76) is fixedly arranged at one end of the frame connecting rod (71).

7. The active and passive profiling depth precise control combined operation seeder as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and adjusting screws are fixedly arranged on two side surfaces of the contact mounting frame (72), adjusting long grooves are formed in frame connecting rods (71) corresponding to the adjusting screws, and the adjusting screws penetrate through the adjusting long grooves and are in threaded connection with locking screws.