CN115250426A - A communication method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present application discloses a communication method and device, which relate to the field of communication technology and are used to solve the problem of missing transactions when multiple vehicles located in the same or different lanes at the same time perform ETC payment. The communication method includes: a roadside device acquires vehicle information, the vehicle information includes position information of at least two vehicles, the at least two vehicles are located in at least one lane at the same time; the roadside device schedules at least two vehicles according to the vehicle information Narrow beams, the at least two narrow beams are in one-to-one correspondence with the at least two vehicles; the roadside equipment activates the on-board units of the at least two vehicles through the at least two narrow beams respectively; the roadside equipment passes the at least two The narrow beams communicate with the onboard units of the at least two vehicles, respectively.

Description

A communication method and device

technical field

The present application relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to a communication method and apparatus.

Background technique

Electronic toll collection (electronic toll collection, ETC) system is currently the most advanced electronic toll collection technology for road and bridge in the world. In my country, with the continuous development of expressway construction, ETC is gradually accepted by expressway operators and vehicle users due to its high degree of automation, free parking, and fast passing. With the rapid growth of traffic flow, the free-flowing ETC charging model on the main line is becoming more and more important. The free-flowing ETC toll model of the main line is a kind of dedicated short range communication (dedicated short range communication) between the road side unit (RSU) and the on-board unit (OBU) on the toll-type expressway. , DSRC) technology to interact, without the driver's parking and toll personnel intervention, can automatically complete the charging process of a fully automatic charging mode.

As shown in Figure 1, an ETC system usually includes a controller, multiple RSUs and OBUs. Each RSU corresponds to a lane, and each RSU can be used to transmit a narrow beam. The controller controls multiple RSUs to send a beacon service table (BST) through their respective narrow beams in a polling manner. The BST is used for Indicates relevant information such as the identity of the RSU. For each RSU, if a vehicle passes through the lane corresponding to the RSU, the controller can control the RSU to activate the on-board unit (OBU) on the vehicle through the corresponding narrow beam, and establish communication with the OBU, In order to carry out vehicle tracking and business transactions. Only a portion of the narrow beams of the RSUs are shown in FIG. 1 .

However, when the controller polls and controls multiple RSUs, only one RSU can work at the same time, so only one RSU can communicate with the OBU. This will cause multiple vehicles to pass by at the same time, only one of the multiple RSUs. The RSU is in a working state and other RSUs are not working, so that other RSUs cannot establish communication with the OBUs of vehicles on the corresponding lanes, and thus cannot track other vehicles and conduct business transactions, resulting in the problem of missing transactions.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present application discloses a communication method and device, which are used to solve the problem of missing transactions when multiple vehicles located in the same or different lanes at the same time perform ETC payment.

This application adopts the following technical solutions:

In a first aspect, a communication method is provided, the communication method comprising: a roadside device acquiring vehicle information, the vehicle information including position information of at least two vehicles, and the position information may include a lane position where the vehicle is located and a distance between the vehicle and the roadside device distance, etc., the at least two vehicles are located in at least one lane at the same time; the roadside equipment schedules at least two narrow beams according to the vehicle information, and the at least two narrow beams correspond to the at least two vehicles one-to-one; the The roadside equipment activates the on-board units of the at least two vehicles respectively through the at least two narrow beams; the roadside equipment communicates with the on-board units of the at least two vehicles respectively through the at least two narrow beams.

In the above technical solution, because the roadside equipment can obtain the vehicle information of at least two vehicles located in the same or different lanes at the same time, and schedule at least two narrow beams according to the vehicle information, that is, the vehicles in the same or different lanes. Each vehicle schedules a narrow beam, and activates the OBU on the vehicle based on the narrow beam corresponding to each vehicle and communicates, that is, the roadside equipment can be located in the same or different lanes at the same time through multiple narrow beams The OBUs of multiple vehicles on the network communicate at the same time. When this method is applied to ETC payment, it can solve the problem of missing transactions when multiple vehicles are in the same or different lanes at the same time, and further improve the ability of multiple vehicles to pass through the same or different lanes at the same time. reliability and efficiency of communication.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the at least one lane includes a first lane, the at least two vehicles include a first vehicle and a second vehicle, and the vehicle information is used to indicate the first vehicle and the second vehicle The vehicle is located in the first lane, and the roadside equipment schedules at least two narrow beams according to the vehicle information, including: the roadside equipment schedules a first narrow beam and a second narrow beam for the first lane, the first narrow beam and The first vehicle corresponds to the second narrow beam and the second vehicle corresponds. In the above possible implementation manner, the roadside device can be made to activate the OBUs on the two vehicles respectively through the two narrow beams, and communicate with the OBUs on the two vehicles through the two narrow beams, so as to solve the problem. It solves the problem of missing transactions when two vehicles are in the same lane, and further improves the reliability and communication efficiency of communication when two vehicles in the same lane pass by.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the at least one lane includes a first lane and a second lane, the at least two vehicles include a first vehicle and a second vehicle, and the vehicle information is used to indicate the first vehicle Located in the first lane and the second vehicle is located in the second lane, the roadside equipment schedules at least two narrow beams according to the vehicle information, including: the roadside equipment schedules the first narrow beam for the first lane, the first narrow beam A narrow beam corresponds to the first vehicle; and the roadside device dispatches a second narrow beam for the second lane, and the second narrow beam corresponds to the second vehicle. In the above possible implementation manner, the roadside device can be made to activate the OBUs on the two vehicles respectively through the two narrow beams, and communicate with the OBUs on the two vehicles through the two narrow beams, so as to solve the problem. The problem of missing transactions when two vehicles are located in different lanes is solved, and the reliability and communication efficiency of communication when the two vehicles pass through different lanes are further improved.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, acquiring the vehicle information by the roadside device includes: the roadside device scans at least one lane managed by the roadside device through a wide beam to acquire the vehicle information. The width of the wide beam is greater than the width of the narrow beam, the wide beam can cover multiple lanes managed by the roadside equipment at the same time, and the narrow beam can cover only one lane. In the above possible implementation manner, the roadside equipment can scan at least one lane managed by the roadside equipment through the wide beam to obtain vehicle information, so that the roadside equipment can schedule multiple narrow beams based on the vehicle information, and pass the vehicle information. Multiple narrow beams simultaneously communicate with the OBUs of multiple vehicles located in the same or different lanes at the same time, thereby solving the problem of missing transactions when multiple vehicles are located in the same or different lanes at the same time.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the roadside device may include a radar and a roadside unit, and when the radar and the roadside unit are integrated together, the radar and the roadside unit may share the same hardware unit (For example, transceiver channel, processor and memory, etc.), at this time, the wide beam and the narrow beam are alternately transmitted. In the above possible implementation manner, when the radar and the roadside unit are integrated together, when the radar and the roadside unit share the same hardware unit, the volume of the roadside equipment can be reduced, resource sharing can be realized, and the roadside can be improved. The degree of integration of the equipment, further the wide beam and the narrow beam are sent alternately, can make the radar and the roadside unit work simultaneously without affecting each other.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the vehicle information is further used to indicate the distance between each of the on-board units of the at least two vehicles and the roadside equipment, and the roadside equipment passes through the At least two narrow beams activate the on-board units of the at least two vehicles, including: for each on-board unit, the roadside equipment passes through the narrow beams corresponding to the vehicle where the on-board unit is located, between the on-board unit and the roadside equipment. The on-board unit is activated when the distance meets the preset distance range. The preset distance range may be preset, for example, the preset distance range may be 10 meters to 20 meters. In the above possible implementation manner, the roadside equipment can be made to pass through the narrow beam corresponding to the vehicle-mounted unit, and the vehicle-mounted unit can be activated when the distance between the vehicle-mounted unit and the roadside equipment meets the preset distance range, which can improve activation. The success rate and efficiency of the on-board unit and the roadside equipment can be successfully established.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, any two narrow beams in the at least two narrow beams are orthogonal, and the beam orthogonality here may mean that the orthogonal gain when the two beams are simultaneously used for communication is greater than 15dB, or the bit error rate (BER) when simultaneously used for communication is less than 10 ^-6 . In the above possible implementation manner, it can be ensured that the multiple beams are independent of each other and are not affected by each other.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the roadside device communicates with the on-board units of the at least two vehicles respectively through the at least two narrow beams, including: for the on-board units of the at least two vehicles For each vehicle-mounted unit, the roadside equipment communicates with the vehicle-mounted unit through the narrow beam corresponding to the vehicle-mounted unit for electronic non-stop toll collection ETC, so as to complete the automatic toll collection of the vehicle-mounted unit. In the above possible implementation manner, the roadside equipment performs electronic non-stop toll collection ETC communication with the vehicle-mounted unit through a narrow beam corresponding to the vehicle-mounted unit, so as to realize automatic charging of the vehicle and improve the charging efficiency.

In a second aspect, a communication device is provided, the communication device comprising: an acquisition unit for acquiring vehicle information, the vehicle information including position information of at least two vehicles located in at least one lane at the same time a scheduling unit for scheduling at least two narrow beams according to the vehicle information, and the at least two narrow beams are in one-to-one correspondence with the at least two vehicles; the scheduling unit is also used to activate at least two narrow beams respectively through the at least two narrow beams The on-board units of two vehicles; a communication unit for respectively communicating with the on-board units of the at least two vehicles through the at least two narrow beams.

In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the at least one lane includes a first lane, the at least two vehicles include a first vehicle and a second vehicle, and the vehicle information is used to indicate the first vehicle and the second vehicle The vehicle is located in the first lane, and the scheduling unit is configured to: schedule a first narrow beam and a second narrow beam for the first lane, the first narrow beam corresponds to the first vehicle, and the second narrow beam corresponds to the second narrow beam corresponding to the vehicle.

In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the at least one lane includes a first lane and a second lane, the at least two vehicles include a first vehicle and a second vehicle, and the vehicle information is used to indicate the first vehicle is located in the first lane and the second vehicle is located in the second lane, the scheduling unit is used for: scheduling a first narrow beam for the first lane, the first narrow beam corresponding to the first vehicle; for the second lane A second narrow beam is scheduled, the second narrow beam corresponding to the second vehicle.

In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the communication device further includes: a scanning unit, configured to scan at least one lane managed by the communication device through a wide beam to obtain vehicle information, and send the vehicle information to the dispatcher unit, the width of the wide beam is greater than the width of the narrow beam.

In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the wide beam and the narrow beam are sent alternately.

In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the vehicle information is further used to indicate the distance between each of the vehicle-mounted units of the at least two vehicles and the communication device, and the scheduling unit is further used for: for Each on-board unit activates the on-board unit when the distance between the on-board unit and the communication device satisfies a preset distance range through a narrow beam corresponding to the vehicle where the on-board unit is located.

In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, any two of the at least two narrow beams are orthogonal.

In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the communication unit is configured to: for each of the on-board units of the at least two vehicles, electronically communicate with the on-board unit through a narrow beam corresponding to the on-board unit. Parking toll ETC communication to complete the automatic charging of the on-board unit.

In a third aspect, a communication device is provided, the device includes an antenna array, a plurality of transceiving channels coupled with the antenna array, and a processor, wherein the communication device is configured to pass the antenna array, the plurality of transceiving channels, and the processing The device executes the communication method provided by the first aspect or any of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect.

It can be understood that any device provided above can be used to execute the corresponding method provided above. Therefore, the beneficial effect that can be achieved can refer to the beneficial effect of the corresponding method provided above, here No longer.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of ETC system that the prior art provides;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

3 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

4 is a schematic diagram of a roadside device scheduling narrow beams according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another roadside device scheduling narrow beam according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of yet another roadside device scheduling narrow beam according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of another roadside device scheduling narrow beam according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of alternately transmitting multiple narrow beams and wide beams according to an embodiment of the present application;

9 is a schematic structural diagram of a roadside device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

10 is a schematic structural diagram of another roadside device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of still another roadside device provided by an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed ways

In this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "plurality" means two or more. "And/or", which describes the association relationship of the associated objects, indicates that there can be three kinds of relationships, for example, A and/or B, which can indicate: the existence of A alone, the existence of A and B at the same time, and the existence of B alone, where A, B can be singular or plural. The character "/" generally indicates that the associated objects are an "or" relationship. "At least one item(s) below" or similar expressions thereof refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single item(s) or plural items(s). For example, at least one (a) of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c, or a-b-c, where a, b, c may be single or multiple . In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, words such as "first" and "second" are used to distinguish the same items or similar items with basically the same functions and functions. For example, the first threshold and the second threshold are only used to distinguish different thresholds, and the sequence of the first threshold is not limited. Those skilled in the art can understand that words such as "first" and "second" do not limit the quantity and execution order.

It should be noted that, in this application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to represent examples, illustrations or illustrations. Any embodiment or design described in this application as "exemplary" or "such as" should not be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "such as" is intended to present the related concepts in a specific manner.

The technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application can be applied to a communication system including roadside equipment and on-board units, and the communication system can include an electronic toll collection (ETC) communication system, and the ETC communication system can be applied to high-speed On the road, for example, the ETC communication system can be installed on the gantry of the expressway for positioning and toll collection of vehicles passing through the gantry.

As shown in FIG. 2 , a schematic structural diagram of a communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application includes: roadside equipment and multiple on-board units (OBUs). The roadside device may be configured to scan vehicle information of the plurality of OBUs (for example, the vehicle information may include position information, lane information, speed information, etc. of the vehicle). After acquiring the vehicle information, the roadside device may also schedule multiple narrow beams for waking up the multiple OBUs based on the vehicle information, and communicate with the multiple OBUs based on the multiple narrow beams, such as , the roadside device can communicate with the multiple OBUs by using a dedicated short range communication (DSRC) technology.

Optionally, the roadside equipment may include a radar and a roadside unit (RSU). In a possible embodiment, the radar and the RSU may be integrated in a roadside device, and the radar and the RSU may share the same hardware unit (eg, transceiver channel, processor, memory, etc.). In another possible implementation, the radar and the RSU can also be deployed separately, each using its own hardware unit. In the above-mentioned FIG. 2, the radar and the RSU are integrated in a roadside device as an example for illustration.

Specifically, the radar can be used to transmit a wide beam, which can simultaneously cover all lanes on the same highway, and perform vehicle detection and localization on each of all the lanes. The RSU can be used to transmit a plurality of narrow beams, and the plurality of narrow beams can be in one-to-one correspondence with all lanes on the same highway, and can also be in one-to-one correspondence with some of the all lanes. The multiple OBUs may include OBUs on multiple lanes, and when the RSU communicates with the multiple OBUs at the same time, the RSU may schedule one or more narrow beams for each lane where the multiple OBUs are located, and based on the corresponding The narrow beams of the device activate the OBUs on the corresponding lanes; after that, the RSU can also communicate with the plurality of OBUs respectively through the plurality of narrow beams at the same time.

Further, the communication system may further include a controller, which may be used to control the RSU. The controller may or may not be integrated with the RSU, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 3 is a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application. The communication method is applied to the above-mentioned communication system, and may be specifically executed by a roadside device in the above-mentioned communication system. The roadside equipment may be used to manage at least one lane, and the at least one lane may include one or more lanes, and the following description will be given by taking the at least one lane including multiple lanes as an example. As shown in FIG. 3 , the communication method includes the following steps.

S301: The roadside device acquires vehicle information, where the vehicle information includes position information of at least two vehicles, and the at least two vehicles are located in at least one lane at the same time.

The vehicle information may include one or more kinds of information related to the vehicle, for example, the vehicle information may include the position information of the vehicle, and the position information may include the position of the lane where the vehicle is located and the distance between the vehicle and the roadside device, etc. . The vehicle information may also include speed information of the vehicle, which may include the speed of the vehicle.

In addition, the at least two vehicles may include two vehicles or more than two vehicles, for example, the at least two vehicles may include four vehicles. The at least two vehicles being located in at least one lane at the same time may mean that the at least two vehicles are located in the same or different lanes at the same time, that is, the at least two vehicles are simultaneously located in the at least one lane at the same time a location or a range of locations. For example, in a high-speed gantry scenario, the at least two vehicles being located in at least one lane at the same time may mean that the at least two vehicles pass through a lane under the high-speed gantry at the same time.

Additionally, the at least one lane may include one lane or multiple lanes. The at least two vehicles being located in at least one lane at the same time may include the following two situations: when the at least one lane includes one lane, the at least two vehicles are both located in the one lane; when the at least one lane includes two and above lanes, the at least two vehicles are respectively located in the two or more lanes. For example, the at least one lane may include two lanes, and the at least two vehicles may include two vehicles located in the two lanes, respectively.

In a possible embodiment, the roadside device may detect multiple lanes managed by the roadside device through a wide beam to obtain the vehicle information. Optionally, the roadside equipment may include a radar, and the radar may detect vehicles in the plurality of lanes through a wide beam to determine the position information of at least two vehicles located in at least one lane at the same time, that is, the roadside equipment. Get the vehicle information.

Wherein, the wide beam can cover multiple lanes managed by the roadside equipment at the same time, for example, the sending and receiving angle of the wide beam can be larger than the first preset angle (for example, the first preset angle can be 90° or 120°), Alternatively, the horizontal width and the vertical width of the wide beam may each be greater than a preset width or the like. It should be noted that the wide beam here is relative to the narrow beam, and the width of the wide beam may be greater than the width of the narrow beam. The wide beam can cover multiple lanes managed by the roadside equipment at the same time, and the narrow beam can cover only one lane.

Optionally, when the radar obtains the vehicle information of at least one lane managed by the roadside equipment through the wide beam, the radar can periodically obtain the vehicle information through the wide beam, or obtain the vehicle aperiodically through the wide beam. information, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.

S302: The roadside device schedules at least two narrow beams according to the vehicle information, and the at least two narrow beams are in one-to-one correspondence with the at least two vehicles.

Wherein, the vehicle information may be used to indicate at least one lane where the at least two vehicles are located. For example, the vehicle information may include the identification of the at least one lane, and the identification of one lane may be used to identify the lane, so that the roadside equipment The at least one lane may be determined from a plurality of lanes managed by the roadside device according to the identification of the at least one lane.

Since the at least one lane may include one lane or multiple lanes, when the at least two vehicles are located in the one lane and the at least two vehicles are located in the multiple lanes, the roadside equipment will The process of scheduling at least two narrow beams is described in detail.

Case 1: The vehicle information is used to indicate a lane in which the at least two vehicles are located. The distance between the at least two vehicles may be less than or equal to the coverage distance range of the narrow beam. Specifically, the roadside device may schedule at least two narrow beams for the one lane, and the scheduling here may also be referred to as allocation, that is, at least two narrow beams are allocated to the one lane, and the at least two narrow beams are related to the one lane. One-to-one correspondence between at least two vehicles on the vehicle. Exemplarily, assuming that the at least one lane includes a first lane, the at least two vehicles include a first vehicle and a second vehicle, the vehicle information is used to indicate that the first vehicle and the second vehicle are located in the first lane, the The roadside device schedules a first narrow beam and a second narrow beam for the first lane, the first narrow beam corresponding to the first vehicle, and the second narrow beam corresponding to the second vehicle.

The roadside equipment in this application can be used to transmit multiple narrow beams simultaneously. If the number of the plurality of narrow beams is greater than or equal to the number of the plurality of lanes managed by the roadside device, each of the plurality of lanes may correspond to a narrow beam, and the correspondence between a lane and a narrow beam may refer to The narrow beam covers the lane, and the narrow beams corresponding to each lane may be randomly set; if the number of the narrow beams is less than the number of the multiple lanes, some of the multiple lanes may be related to the multiple lanes. The narrow beams are in one-to-one correspondence, and a part of the lanes here may be any one or more lanes of the multiple lanes. In the following two cases, taking the at least one lane including the first lane and the at least two vehicles including the first vehicle and the second vehicle as an example, the roadside device dispatches at least two narrow beams for the first lane. The process is explained in detail.

In an embodiment, each of the multiple lanes managed by the roadside device corresponds to a narrow beam. For example, the multiple lanes include a first lane and a second lane, and the first lane corresponds to the first narrow beam , the second lane corresponds to the second narrow beam. Specifically, the roadside device may schedule the first narrow beam corresponding to the first lane for the first vehicle in the first lane, and schedule the second narrow beam corresponding to the second lane for the second vehicle in the first lane. Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 4 , it is assumed that the number of the plurality of narrow beams and the plurality of lanes is 3, the 3 lanes are CH1 to CH3, the 3 narrow beams are B1 to B3, and CH1 to CH3 are respectively One-to-one correspondence with B1 to B3, the first lane is CH1, the first vehicle and the second vehicle on the first lane are represented as OBU1 and OBU2 respectively, then the roadside equipment can dispatch B1 corresponding to CH1 for OBU1 in CH1, B2 corresponding to CH2 is scheduled for OBU2 in CH1.

In another embodiment, some of the plurality of lanes managed by the roadside equipment are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of narrow beams, for example, the plurality of lanes include a first lane, a second lane and a third lane, There is no corresponding narrow beam in the first lane, the second lane corresponds to the first narrow beam, and the third lane corresponds to the second narrow beam. Specifically, the roadside device may schedule the first narrow beam corresponding to the second lane for the first vehicle on the first lane, and schedule the second narrow beam corresponding to the third lane for the second vehicle on the first lane, and the third narrow beam A lane is any lane with a narrow beam and no vehicles in the lane. Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 5 , it is assumed that the number of the multiple lanes is 3, the 3 lanes are CH1 to CH3, the number of the multiple narrow beams is 2, the 2 narrow beams are B1 and B2, CH2 and CH3 correspond to B1 and B2 respectively, the first lane is CH1, the first vehicle and the second vehicle on the first lane are represented as OBU1 and OBU2 respectively, then the roadside equipment is OBU1 and OBU2 on the first lane The process of scheduling narrow beams may be as follows: the roadside device may schedule B1 corresponding to CH2 for OBU1 in CH1 and B2 corresponding to CH3 for OBU2 in CH1.

The second situation: the vehicle information is used to indicate at least two lanes, and the at least two vehicles are located in the at least two lanes respectively. Exemplarily, the at least two lanes include a first lane and a second lane, the at least two vehicles include a first vehicle and a second vehicle, and the vehicle information is used to indicate that the first vehicle is located in the first lane and the The second vehicle is located in the second lane, then the roadside equipment can schedule the first narrow beam for the first lane, the first narrow beam corresponds to the first vehicle, and the roadside equipment schedules the first narrow beam for the second lane Two narrow beams, the second narrow beam corresponds to the second vehicle.

Similarly, since there may be a one-to-one correspondence between the plurality of lanes managed by the roadside device and the plurality of narrow beams, it may also be that some of the plurality of lanes have a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of narrow beams. Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 6 , assuming that the number of the plurality of narrow beams and the plurality of lanes are both 5, the 5 lanes are denoted as CH1 to CH5, the 5 narrow beams are denoted as B1 to B5, the multiple Each lane is in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of narrow beams, for example, CH1 to CH5 are in one-to-one correspondence with B1 to B5 respectively. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 7 , assuming that the number of the plurality of lanes is 5, the 5 lanes are denoted as CH1 to CH5, the number of the plurality of narrow beams is 4, the 4 narrow beams are denoted as B1 to B4, the Some of the plurality of lanes may be in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of narrow beams, for example, CH2 to CH5 are in one-to-one correspondence with B1 to B4, respectively. The process of scheduling the first narrow beam for the first lane and scheduling the second narrow beam for the second lane by the roadside device will be described in detail below for these two situations.

In an embodiment, each of the multiple lanes managed by the roadside device corresponds to a narrow beam. For example, the multiple lanes include a first lane and a second lane, and the first lane corresponds to the first narrow beam , the second lane corresponds to the second narrow beam, then the roadside device can schedule the first narrow beam for the first vehicle in the first lane and the second narrow beam for the second vehicle in the second lane. Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 6 , the plurality of lanes include 5 lanes and are denoted as CH1 to CH5, the plurality of narrow beams include B1 to B5, and CH1 to CH5 are in one-to-one correspondence with B1 to B5 respectively. The lane is CH1, the second lane is CH2, and the first vehicle and the second vehicle are represented as OBU1 and OBU2, respectively, then the roadside equipment can schedule B1 corresponding to CH1 for OBU1 on CH1, and schedule B1 corresponding to CH2 for OBU2 on CH2 B2.

In another embodiment, some of the plurality of lanes managed by the roadside equipment are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of narrow beams, for example, the plurality of lanes include a first lane, a second lane and a third lane, There is no corresponding narrow beam in the first lane, the second lane corresponds to the first narrow beam, and the third lane corresponds to the second narrow beam, then the roadside device can dispatch the second lane corresponding to the third lane for the first vehicle in the first lane Narrow beam, dispatches the first narrow beam corresponding to the second lane for the second vehicle in the second lane, and the third lane is any lane with narrow beam and no vehicle in the lane. Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 7 , the plurality of lanes include 5 lanes and are denoted as CH1 to CH5, the plurality of narrow beams include 4 narrow beams and are denoted as B1 to B4, and CH2 to CH5 are respectively associated with B1 to B4. One-to-one correspondence, if the first lane is CH1, the second lane is CH2, the third lane is CH3, the first vehicle and the second vehicle are represented as OBU1 and OBU2, respectively, then the roadside equipment can dispatch CH3 for OBU1 on CH1 The corresponding B2 schedules the B1 corresponding to the CH2 for the OBU2 on the CH2.

Further, any two narrow beams among the plurality of narrow beams transmitted by the roadside device may be orthogonal to each other, and any one narrow beam among the plurality of narrow beams and the wide beam may also be mutually orthogonal. Orthogonal. The beam orthogonality here may mean that the quadrature gain when the two beams are simultaneously used for communication is greater than 15dB, or the bit error rate (bit error rate, BER) when the two beams are simultaneously used for communication is less than 10 ^-6 . The narrow beams set in the above manner can ensure that the multiple beams are independent of each other and are not affected by each other.

S303: The roadside equipment activates the on-board units of the at least two vehicles through the at least two narrow beams, respectively.

The vehicle information may also be used to indicate the distance between each of the at least two OBUs corresponding to the at least two vehicles and the roadside device. For each OBU in the at least two OBUs, the process of activating the OBU by the roadside device through the narrow beam corresponding to the vehicle where the OBU is located may be: the distance between the OBU and the roadside device satisfies a preset distance range , activate the OBU through the narrow beam. Since the roadside device can transmit multiple narrow beams simultaneously, the roadside device can simultaneously activate the at least two OBUs based on the at least two narrow beams.

It should be noted that the preset distance range may be set in advance, and may be set according to actual needs. For example, the preset distance range may be 10 meters to 20 meters. The numerical value is not limited.

Specifically, the roadside device may send activation information through a narrow beam corresponding to the vehicle where the OBU is located when the distance between the OBU and the roadside device satisfies a preset distance range, and the activation information may include an activation signal, for example, The activation signal may be a square wave signal with a fixed frequency; further, the activation information may also include a beacon service table (BST) of the roadside equipment, where the BST is used to indicate, for example, an identification of the roadside equipment or address and other related information. When the OBU receives the activation information, the OBU can perform a power-on operation after detecting the activation signal, and send a vehicle service table (vehicle servicetable, VST), the VST is used to indicate the identification or address of the OBU and other related information, for example, the identification of the OBU may include vehicle identification information of the OBU. After receiving the VST, the roadside device may determine that the OBU is successfully activated.

S304: The roadside equipment communicates with the on-board units of the at least two vehicles respectively through the at least two narrow beams.

Wherein, the communication between the roadside equipment and the on-board units of the at least two vehicles respectively through the at least two narrow beams may include: for each on-board unit of the on-board units of the at least two vehicles, the roadside equipment communicates with the on-board units of the at least two vehicles through the The narrow beam corresponding to the on-board unit conducts electronic non-stop toll collection ETC communication with the on-board unit to complete the automatic toll collection of the on-board unit.

In a possible embodiment, for each of the at least two OBUs, the VST sent by the OBU to the roadside device during the activation process may include: vehicle identification information of the OBU, for example, the vehicle identification The information may include the license plate number of the vehicle, the ID number corresponding to the license plate number, the mileage of the vehicle, and the payment account bound to the OBU, etc.

Specifically, the specific process for the roadside device to communicate with the OBU through the narrow beam corresponding to the OBU may be: when the roadside device receives the VST sent by the OBU, the roadside device can obtain the vehicle corresponding to the OBU. The license plate number, the ID number corresponding to the license plate number and the driving mileage of the vehicle, and the automatic charging of the vehicle is realized based on the license plate number, the ID card number corresponding to the license plate number and the driving mileage of the vehicle. For example, the roadside device can send the license plate number, the ID number corresponding to the license plate number, and the mileage of the vehicle to the controller, so that the controller can match the license plate number and the ID number corresponding to the license plate number to the controller. The license plate number pre-stored in the controller and the ID card number corresponding to the license plate number are checked, and after the verification is correct, the controller calculates the driving cost of the vehicle according to the driving mileage of the vehicle, and the controller calculates the driving cost according to the driving cost Generate a charge deduction command, the controller sends the charge deduction command to the roadside device, the roadside device deducts the corresponding travel fee from the payment account bound to the OBU based on the charge deduction command, and after completion The deduction information is sent to the OBU, so as to complete the process of dynamic charging.

It should be noted that each narrow beam transmitted by the roadside device may be called a different beam according to the content carried. For example, when the narrow beam is used to activate the OBU, it may be called a wake-up beam, and when the narrow beam is used for the roadside device to communicate with the OBU, it may be called a service beam. Wherein, the wake-up beam and the service beam may have the function of tracking vehicles. For each service beam in the multiple service beams, in the process of the service beam conducting service transactions with the OBU of the corresponding vehicle, the service beam always corresponds to the OBU of the vehicle (also referred to as the service beam always points to the vehicle) OBU). For example, when a vehicle changes from the first lane to the second lane, the service beam corresponding to the OBU of the vehicle will also change from the first lane to the second lane, that is, the service beam changes from covering the first lane to covering the second lane. Lane, the service beam always tracks the vehicle until the end of the communication.

The communication method provided in this embodiment of the present application can be used in an ETC system. Since a roadside device can transmit multiple narrow beams at the same time, the roadside device can pass through the multiple narrow beams when multiple vehicles are located in the same or different lanes at the same time. It communicates with the OBUs of the multiple vehicles at the same time, thereby solving the problem of missing transactions when multiple vehicles pass through the same or different lanes at the same time, thereby improving the reliability and reliability of communication when multiple vehicles pass through the same or different lanes at the same time. communication efficiency.

Further, after the roadside device communicates with the on-board units of the at least two vehicles respectively through the at least two narrow beams, the roadside unit can release the narrow beams corresponding to the at least two vehicles. In the above possible implementation manner, the roadside unit releases the narrow beams corresponding to the at least two vehicles after the communication is completed, so as to be used for subsequent communication with other OBUs, thereby improving the utilization rate of the at least two narrow beams, and then. It is also possible to further improve the communication efficiency when a plurality of vehicles are located at the same time or not at the same time.

Further, the roadside equipment may further include an RSU, the RSU performs the above steps S302 to S304, and the RSU may acquire vehicle information by receiving vehicle information sent by a radar. Among them, the RSU can be integrated with the radar and share the same hardware unit. When the radar and the RSU share the same hardware unit, the wide beam and the plurality of narrow beams may not overlap, that is, the wide beam and the plurality of narrow beams cannot be transmitted simultaneously. Optionally, the wide beam and the multiple narrow beams may be sent alternately. For example, as shown in FIG. 8 , from time 1 to time 4, the RSU may send the multiple narrow beams at time 1 and time 3 , the radar can transmit the wide beam at time 2 and time 4. When the radar and the RSU share the same hardware unit, it is beneficial to reduce the overall volume of the radar and the RSU, and to facilitate installation and maintenance.

For ease of understanding, the following takes the structure of the roadside device shown in FIG. 9 as an example to illustrate the method provided by the embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 9 , the roadside device includes: a plurality of antenna units, a transmit (TX) analog multi-channel, a receive (RX) analog multi-channel, and a multi-channel digital to analog converter (DAC) , a multi-channel analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a processing unit (eg, the processing unit may include a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) and an application specific integrated circuit , ASIC), etc.), power supply unit (powersupply unit, PWR), network (ethernet, Eth) interface and memory (for example, the memory includes double data rate (double data rate, DDR) random access memory, referred to as DDR).

Wherein, for the receiving direction, the first part of the antenna units in the plurality of antenna units can be used to receive information, the RX analog multi-channel can be used to forward the information received by the first part of the antenna to the multi-channel ADC, and the multi-channel ADC can be used to The information is converted from analog to digital and sent to the processing unit after the conversion, and the processing unit performs corresponding processing on the received information. For the transmission direction, the processing unit can send the information to be transmitted to the multi-channel DAC, the multi-channel DAC performs digital-to-analog conversion on the information to be transmitted, and sends it to the TX analog multi-channel after conversion, and the TX analog multi-channel The information is sent to a second part of the antenna units in the plurality of antenna units, and the information is sent by the second part of the antenna units. In addition, the PWR can be used to supply power to the roadside equipment, the network interface can be used to connect the controller, and the DDR can be used to store the information of the roadside equipment.

Based on the roadside device shown in FIG. 9 , the process of the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application may include: the roadside device obtains vehicle information through a wide beam transmitted by an antenna unit, and the vehicle information passes through the RX simulation multi-channel in sequence. and the corresponding processing of the multi-channel ADC is then transmitted to a processing unit, which based on the vehicle information can schedule a narrow beam for each of the at least two OBUs passing through at least one lane at the same time, and send the at least two The activation information of the OBU is transmitted to the second part of the antenna unit through the multi-channel DAC and the TX simulation multi-channel in sequence, and the second part of the antenna unit sends the corresponding activation information through the narrow beam corresponding to each OBU to activate the at least two After that, the processing unit can also transmit the charging information of the at least two OBUs to the second part of the antenna unit through the multi-channel DAC and the TX analog multi-channel in turn, and the second part of the antenna unit passes through each OBU. The corresponding narrow beam sends the corresponding charge deduction information to complete the communication with the at least two OBUs and the like.

In this embodiment of the present application, since the roadside device can obtain vehicle information of at least two vehicles located in at least one lane at the same time, a narrow beam is scheduled for each of the at least two vehicles according to the vehicle information, and Activate the OBU on the vehicle and implement communication based on the narrow beam corresponding to each vehicle, that is, when the roadside device is in at least one lane of multiple vehicles at the same time, the roadside device can simultaneously use multiple narrow beams with the OBUs of the multiple vehicles. Communication is performed, thereby solving the problem of missing transactions when multiple vehicles pass through at least one lane at the same time, and further improving the reliability and communication efficiency of communication when multiple vehicles pass through at least one lane at the same time.

The foregoing mainly introduces the solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application from the perspective of interaction between the roadside device and the OBU. It can be understood that, in order to realize the above-mentioned functions, the roadside device includes corresponding hardware structures and/or software modules for executing each function. Those skilled in the art should easily realize that the present application can be implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software in conjunction with the roadside equipment and related steps of each example described in the embodiments herein. Whether a function is performed by hardware or computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality using different methods for each particular application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

In this embodiment of the present application, the roadside device may be divided into functional modules according to the above method examples. For example, each functional module may be divided corresponding to each function, or two or more functions may be integrated into one processing module. The above-mentioned integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware, and can also be implemented in the form of software function modules. It should be noted that, the division of modules in the embodiments of the present application is schematic, and is only a logical function division, and there may be other division manners in actual implementation.

In the case where each functional module is divided according to each function, FIG. 10 shows a possible schematic structural diagram of the roadside device involved in the above embodiment. The roadside device includes: a scanning unit 401, an acquiring unit 402, Scheduling unit 403 and communication unit 404. Wherein, the scanning unit 401 is used to support the roadside equipment to perform S301 in the above method embodiments; the acquisition unit 402 is used to support the roadside equipment to perform S301 in the above method embodiments; the scheduling unit 403 is used to support the roadside equipment Perform S302 in the above method embodiments, and/or other technical processes described herein; the communication unit 404 is configured to support the roadside device to perform one or more steps of S303 and S304 in the above method embodiments.

In terms of hardware implementation, the above-mentioned scanning unit 401 , acquiring unit 402 and communication unit 404 may be transceivers, and the transceiver may include a receiver and a transmitter; the scheduling unit 403 may be a processor.

In a specific implementation, the function of the scanning unit 401 may be implemented by a radar; the acquiring unit 402, the scheduling unit 403 and the communication unit 404 may be integrated into one RSU.

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a possible logical structure of the roadside device involved in the above embodiment provided by the embodiment of the present application. The roadside equipment includes: a transceiver 501, a processor 502 and a memory 503, where the memory 503 is used to store codes and data of the roadside equipment. In this embodiment of the present application, the processor 502 is configured to control and manage the actions of the roadside device, for example, the processor 502 is configured to support the roadside device to perform S302 in the foregoing method embodiments, and/or to Other procedures for the techniques described herein. The transceiver 501 is used to obtain information and support the roadside device to communicate, for example, the transceiver 501 is used to support the roadside device to perform S301, S303 and S304 in the above method embodiments, and/or used in the methods described herein other processes of technology. Optionally, the roadside device may further include a bus 504 , and the transceiver 501 , the processor 502 , and the memory 503 are connected to each other through the bus 504 .

The processor 502 may be a central processing unit, a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application-specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array, or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components, or any combination thereof. It may implement or execute the various exemplary logical blocks, modules and circuits described in connection with this disclosure. The processor 502 can also be a combination that implements computing functions, such as a combination of one or more microprocessors, a combination of a digital signal processor and a microprocessor, and the like. The bus 505 may be a peripheral component interconnect (PCI) bus, an extended industry standard architecture (EISA) bus, or the like. The bus 504 can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, and the like. For ease of presentation, only one thick line is used in FIG. 11, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

It should be noted that, all relevant contents of the steps involved in the above method embodiments can be cited in the functional description of the corresponding functional module, which will not be repeated here. Each device (eg, roadside device and/or vehicle-mounted unit device) provided in the embodiments of the present application is used to perform the functions of the corresponding devices in the above-mentioned embodiments, and thus can achieve the same effect as the above-mentioned communication method.

In another embodiment of the present application, a chip is also provided. The chip can be built in a roadside device. The structure of the chip can be referred to as shown in FIG. 9 , FIG. 10 or FIG. 11 , and is used to support the roadside device. The device performs one or more steps in the foregoing method embodiments.

In another embodiment of the present application, a communication device is also provided, the communication device includes an antenna array, a plurality of transceiving channels coupled with the antenna array, and a processor, wherein the communication device is configured to pass the antenna array, The multiple transceiving channels and the processor perform one or more steps in the foregoing method embodiments. The communication device may be a roadside device, and the roadside device may include a radar and an RSU, and the radar and RSU share all the hardware in the above-mentioned communication device.

In another embodiment of the present application, a communication system is also provided. The communication system includes a roadside device and a vehicle-mounted unit. The roadside device may be the roadside device provided in FIG. 9 , FIG. 10 and FIG. The roadside device is configured to perform one or more steps in the foregoing method embodiments.

In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are only illustrative. For example, the division of the modules or units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be Incorporation may either be integrated into another device, or some features may be omitted, or not implemented. On the other hand, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.

The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may be one physical unit or multiple physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple different places . Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution in this embodiment.

In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically alone, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware, or may be implemented in the form of software functional units.

If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it may be stored in a readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can be embodied in the form of software products in essence, or the parts that contribute to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solutions, which are stored in a storage medium , including several instructions to make the roadside equipment execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: a U disk, a removable hard disk, a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk and other mediums that can store program codes.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above are only specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this, and any changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be covered by the present application. within the scope of protection of the application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (17)

1. A method of communication, the method comprising:

the roadside device acquires vehicle information, wherein the vehicle information comprises position information of at least two vehicles, and the at least two vehicles are located in at least one lane at the same time;

the road side equipment schedules at least two narrow beams according to the vehicle information, wherein the at least two narrow beams correspond to the at least two vehicles one by one;

the roadside device activating on-board units of the at least two vehicles through the at least two narrow beams, respectively;

the roadside apparatus communicates with on-board units of the at least two vehicles through the at least two narrow beams, respectively.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one lane comprises a first lane, the at least two vehicles comprise a first vehicle and a second vehicle, the vehicle information indicates that the first vehicle and the second vehicle are located in the first lane,

the roadside device scheduling at least two narrow beams according to the vehicle information, including:

the roadside device schedules a first narrow beam and a second narrow beam for the first vehicle, the first narrow beam corresponding to the first vehicle, the second narrow beam corresponding to the second vehicle.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one lane includes a first lane and a second lane, the at least two vehicles include a first vehicle and a second vehicle, the vehicle information indicates that the first vehicle is located in the first lane and the second vehicle is located in the second lane,

the roadside device scheduling at least two narrow beams according to the vehicle information, including:

the roadside device scheduling a first narrow beam for the first road, the first narrow beam corresponding to the first vehicle; and is

The roadside device schedules a second narrow beam for the second lane, the second narrow beam corresponding to the second vehicle.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the roadside apparatus acquires vehicle information, including:

the roadside device scans at least one lane managed by the roadside device through a wide beam having a width greater than that of the narrow beam to acquire the vehicle information.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the wide beam and the narrow beam are transmitted alternately.

6. The method according to any of claims 1-5, wherein the vehicle information is further used to indicate a distance between each of the on-board units of the at least two vehicles and the roadside apparatus,

the roadside apparatus activating on-board units of the at least two vehicles through the at least two narrow beams, respectively, including:

for each vehicle-mounted unit, the roadside device activates the vehicle-mounted unit when the distance between the vehicle-mounted unit and the roadside device meets a preset distance range through a narrow beam corresponding to the vehicle in which the vehicle-mounted unit is located.

7. The method according to any of claims 1-6, wherein any two of the at least two narrow beams are orthogonal.

8. The method of any of claims 1-7, wherein the roadside device communicates with on-board units of the at least two vehicles via the at least two narrow beams, respectively, comprising:

for each on-board unit of the on-board units of the at least two vehicles, the roadside device performs ETC communication with the on-board unit through the narrow beam corresponding to the on-board unit so as to complete automatic charging of the on-board unit.

9. A communications apparatus, comprising:

an acquisition unit configured to acquire vehicle information including position information of at least two vehicles that are located in at least one lane at a same time;

the scheduling unit is used for scheduling at least two narrow beams according to the vehicle information, and the at least two narrow beams correspond to the at least two vehicles one to one;

a communication unit for activating the on-board units of the at least two vehicles by the at least two narrow beams, respectively;

the communication unit is further configured to communicate with the on-board units of the at least two vehicles through the at least two narrow beams, respectively.

10. The communication device of claim 9, wherein the at least one lane comprises a first lane, the at least two vehicles comprise a first vehicle and a second vehicle, the vehicle information is to indicate that the first vehicle and the second vehicle are located in the first lane, the scheduling unit is to:

scheduling a first narrow beam and a second narrow beam for the first lane, the first narrow beam corresponding to the first vehicle, the second narrow beam corresponding to the second vehicle.

11. The communication device of claim 9, wherein the at least one lane comprises a first lane and a second lane, wherein the at least two vehicles comprises a first vehicle and a second vehicle, wherein the vehicle information indicates that the first vehicle is located in the first lane and the second vehicle is located in the second lane, and wherein the scheduling unit is configured to:

scheduling a first narrow beam for the first lane, the first narrow beam corresponding to the first vehicle; scheduling a second narrow beam for the second lane, the second narrow beam corresponding to the second vehicle.

12. The communications device of claim 9, further comprising:

a scanning unit configured to scan at least one lane managed by the communication device with a wide beam having a width larger than that of the narrow beam to acquire vehicle information, and transmit the vehicle information to the scheduling unit.

13. The communications apparatus of claim 12, wherein the wide beam and the narrow beam are transmitted alternately.

14. A communication apparatus according to any of claims 9-13, wherein the vehicle information is further adapted to indicate a distance between each of the on-board units of the at least two vehicles and the communication apparatus, and the scheduling unit is adapted to:

and for each vehicle-mounted unit, activating the vehicle-mounted unit when the distance between the vehicle-mounted unit and the communication device meets a preset distance range through a narrow beam corresponding to the vehicle in which the vehicle-mounted unit is positioned.

15. The communication device according to any of claims 9-14, wherein any two of the at least two narrow beams are orthogonal.

16. The communication device according to any of claims 9-15, wherein the communication unit is configured to:

and for each on-board unit in the on-board units of the at least two vehicles, carrying out ETC communication with the on-board unit through the narrow beam corresponding to the on-board unit so as to complete automatic charging of the on-board unit.

17. An apparatus for communication, the apparatus comprising an antenna array, a plurality of transmit receive channels coupled to the antenna array, and a processor; wherein the apparatus is configured to perform the communication method of any one of claims 1-8 through the antenna array, the plurality of transceiving channels, and the processor.

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