CN115250079A - Sound barrier device for capturing sound energy generated by road side vehicle running - Google Patents
Sound barrier device for capturing sound energy generated by road side vehicle running Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
- E01F8/00—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/10—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy
- F03D9/11—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy storing electrical energy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/30—Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/34—Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations on stationary objects or on stationary man-made structures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/728—Onshore wind turbines
Abstract
The invention provides a sound barrier device for capturing sound energy generated by the running of a roadside vehicle, which comprises: the sound barrier comprises a sound barrier body, wherein a plurality of energy collecting modules are distributed on the side surface of the sound barrier body facing a highway, and each energy collecting module is internally provided with a sound energy collecting and converting device and a wind energy collecting and converting device, wherein each sound energy collecting and converting device comprises a sound cavity resonator and a PVDF film sound-electricity converting device, and the wind energy collecting and converting devices adopt wind motors; the electric power storage device is connected with the acoustic energy collecting and converting device and the wind energy collecting and converting device; and the active noise reduction device is connected with the power storage device. The sound barrier device can efficiently collect and convert sound energy and wind energy, and the part of energy is converted into electric energy for supplying power to the active noise reduction device, so that the noise reduction effect of the sound barrier can be improved; meanwhile, clean energy can be provided for monitoring, early warning, illumination and the like on the road side.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sound barrier design and application, and particularly relates to a sound barrier device for capturing sound energy generated by road side vehicle running.
Background
When the vehicle runs on a road at a high speed, large traffic noise can be generated, and troubles are caused to physical and psychological health of residents along the road. In order to reduce the effect of noise, sound barriers are often provided along the road in the sensitive area, which attenuate the sound waves by reflecting and/or absorbing them.
The traditional sound barrier can effectively relieve traffic noise, but cannot utilize the sound wave energy of the traffic noise. With increasing attention on energy conservation and emission reduction, a sound barrier device capable of realizing sound energy-electric energy conversion appears in the prior art, for example, chinese patent document CN113699907a discloses a two-dimensional phononic crystal type sound barrier with energy supply, which includes a continuous physical matrix phase, a dispersed phase and a defect state filling phase, both of which are separately arranged, the dispersed phase and the defect state filling phase are fixed on the physical matrix phase, the dispersed phase is distributed according to a two-dimensional periodic array, a defect state channel is arranged in the two-dimensional periodic array, the defect state filling phase is located in the defect state channel, the physical matrix phase is a light material, the dispersed phase is a heavy material, the defect state filling phase is an acoustic energy conversion and collection device, and the acoustic energy conversion and collection device is a vibration sensor based on a piezoelectric material.
The sound barrier in the prior art can collect sound energy, and can supply power for road side infrastructure after converting the sound energy into electric energy. However, the acoustic energy conversion and collection device on the sound barrier is used for collecting and converting road noise, the conversion efficiency is low, and it is often difficult to maintain the long-term operation of the road side facilities. Therefore, how to explore a novel sound barrier structure to efficiently collect and convert sound energy at the road side is a technical problem which needs to be solved urgently in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the technical problem that the sound barrier in the prior art can not simultaneously and efficiently collect and convert sound energy and wind energy on the road side, and further provides a sound barrier device which has high conversion rate and good noise reduction function and is used for capturing the sound energy generated by the driving of vehicles on the road side.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a sound barrier apparatus for capturing acoustic energy generated by the travel of a roadside vehicle, comprising: the energy collecting device comprises a sound barrier body, wherein a plurality of energy collecting modules are distributed on the side surface of one side of the sound barrier body facing a road, and each energy collecting module comprises a cavity and an energy collector positioned on one side of the cavity; the energy collector comprises a conical shell with gradually contracted diameter and an annular outer edge arranged around an opening of an expansion end of the conical shell, the opening of the contraction end of the conical shell is communicated with the cavity, and a PVDF film acoustic-electric conversion device is arranged in each energy collection module; a fan blade is arranged in the annular outer edge; and the power storage device is connected with the acoustic energy collecting and converting device.
The cavity is a cavity with a square section, and the opening of the contraction end is communicated with the side face of one side of the cavity, which is square.
The ratio of the total area of the fan blades to the area of the opening of the expansion end is smaller than 1/3, and the number of the fan blades is calculated by firstly calculating a blade approximate value n according to the following formula:
wherein ν is the average speed of the road vehicles in m/s; a is the optimal tip speed ratio of the fan, and the value is 6; l is the length of the cavity in the axial direction of the conical shell, and the unit is m; s is unit area, 1m 2 (ii) a taking t as unit time, and taking 1s;
if the calculated approximate value n is an integer, taking the value n as the number p of the blades; if the approximation n is not an integer, the nearest integer value greater than n is taken as the blade number p.
The fan blade has a measured value a of the blade tip speed ratio under the condition that the road vehicle keeps the average speed v running 0 Is in the range of 6 to 8, and satisfies the following conditions:
wherein ν is the average speed of the road vehicles in m/s; a is 0 Actual value of fan tip speed ratio; l is the length of the cavity in the axial direction of the conical shell, and the unit is m; s is unit area, 1m 2 (ii) a t is unit time, and 1s is taken; p is the blade number of the fan blade.
The length ratio of the cavity to the energy collector in the axial direction of the conical shell is 1:1, and the volume ratio of the energy collector to the cavity is 1/4-1/3.
The ratio of the annular outer edge to the axial length of the conical shell is 1:4.
The thickness of the blades of the fan is less than or equal to 1cm.
The fan is characterized in that a wind motor is further arranged, the wind motor is installed in the cavity, the fan blades are connected with the wind motor, and the wind motor is connected with the power storage device at the same time.
The active noise reduction device is also provided with an active noise reduction device, and the power storage device is connected with the active noise reduction device and supplies power to the active noise reduction device.
The energy collecting modules are sequentially arranged on the sound barrier body along the transverse direction and the vertical direction.
The sound barrier device for capturing sound energy generated by running of a vehicle at the roadside comprises an energy collecting module, a sound absorbing module and a sound absorbing module, wherein the energy collecting module comprises a cavity and an energy collector positioned on one side of the cavity, the energy collector comprises a conical shell and an annular outer edge arranged around an opening of an expansion end of the conical shell, and a resonator formed by the structure can obviously improve the sound energy in the cavity so as to improve the converted electric energy; the gradually contracted conical shell is convenient for sound waves to be transmitted into the cavity, meanwhile, between the vehicle and the sound barrier, airflow disturbance is generated due to the driving of the vehicle, and meanwhile, negative pressure disturbance is formed between the vehicle and the sound barrier, so that the fan blades positioned in the annular outer edge rotate. Meanwhile, as the vehicle runs and drives away, positive and negative pressure disturbance generated by air flow extrusion between the screen body and the vehicle further acts on the PVDF, and the sound energy density is improved. When the sound barrier device is designed, only the average speed of the vehicles in the lane closest to the sound barrier is considered, the vehicles mainly play a role in the conversion quantity of sound energy and wind energy of the device when running, and other lanes have smaller influence on the conversion quantity of the sound energy and the wind energy due to longer distance.
According to the sound barrier device for capturing the sound energy generated by the running of the roadside vehicle, the total area of fan blades is preferably less than 1/3 of the opening area of the collecting device, the value range of the speed ratio of the wind wheel tip is 6.0-8.0, the number of the fan blades is calculated by using a model, so that the sound frequency generated by the fan is the same as the resonance frequency of the resonance cavity, and the electric energy generated by the sound energy can be improved by about 65% compared with that before the fan is not installed.
The sound barrier device for capturing the sound energy generated by the running of the roadside vehicle can synchronously utilize the sound energy and the wind energy generated by the high-speed running of the vehicle on the road, and the average effective sound energy and wind energy conversion density of the sound barrier can be not lower than 200W/m through the optimized design 2 And the energy density is far greater than that which can be generated when the acoustic energy and wind energy device is independently arranged. The invention preferably converts sound energy and wind energy into electric energy for supplying power to the active noise reduction device, thereby improving the noise reduction effect of the sound barrier. Meanwhile, the converted electric energy is utilized, clean energy can be provided for road side monitoring, early warning, illumination and the like, and therefore the aims of saving energy and reducing carbon emission are achieved.
In order to make the technical solution of the sound barrier device for capturing sound energy generated by the road side vehicle during traveling more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the specific drawings and the specific embodiments.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a screen structure of a sound barrier apparatus according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a housing of an energy collecting module of the sound barrier device according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the energy harvesting module of the sound barrier apparatus of the present invention.
Wherein the reference numerals are:
1-an energy harvesting module; 11-a cavity; 12-an annular outer rim; 2-fan blades; 14-PVDF film; 15-a wind motor; 16-conical shell.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The embodiment provides a sound barrier device for capturing sound energy generated by running of a roadside vehicle, as shown in fig. 1, the sound barrier device comprises a sound barrier screen body, a plurality of energy collecting modules 1 are distributed on the side surface of the sound barrier screen body facing a road, and each energy collecting module 1 comprises a cavity 11 and an energy collector positioned on one side of the cavity 11; the energy collector comprises a conical shell 16 with gradually contracted diameter and an annular outer edge 12 arranged around the opening of the expanded end of the conical shell 16, wherein the opening of the contracted end of the conical shell 16 is communicated with the cavity 11. In this embodiment, the cross section of the cavity 11 perpendicular to the axial direction of the conical shell 16 is a square, as shown in fig. 2, the side length of the square is 10cm, the extending length of the cavity 11 along the axial direction is 5cm, and the whole cavity 11 is a rectangular cavity of 10cm × 10cm × 5cm. The extension length of the conical shell 16 in the axial direction of the conical shell 16 is 4cm, and the extension length of the annular outer rim 12 in the axial direction is 1cm. The opening of the expansion end of the conical shell 16 is circular with the diameter of 10cm, the opening of the contraction end of the conical shell 16 is arranged on the side face of one side of the cavity 11, and the opening of the contraction end of the conical shell 16 is circular with the diameter of 2 cm.
A PVDF film sound-electricity conversion device is disposed in each energy collection module 1, the PVDF film 14 of the PVDF film sound-electricity conversion device is a square film with a side length of 6cm, and as a preferred embodiment, a ratio of the side length of the PVDF film 14 to the side length of the square cavity cross section is in a range of 0.4-0.6. The perpendicular distance between the PVDF film 14 and the converging end opening of the conical housing 16 is 4cm.
The fan blades 2 are installed in the annular outer edge 12, and the central axes of the fan blades 2 are coaxially arranged with the annular outer edge 12. The radial length of the fan blade 2 is 4.5cm; in this embodiment, the average speed of the vehicle traveling on the highway lane closest to the sound barrier is 81km, and the range of the tip speed ratio of the fan blades 2 corresponding to the average speed traveling condition is 6.2, so that the vibration frequency of the energy collection module 1 can be matched by controlling the rotation speed of the blades to promote the absorption of the sound energy. The fan blade 2 in the present application is a wing type fan blade used in a fan in the prior art, and the thickness of the fan blade is 0.4-0.5cm. The design of the fan blades meets the design standard in the national standard GB/T13981-2009 general requirements for design of small wind turbines. In this embodiment, the ratio of the total area of the fan blades 2 to the area of the opening at the expansion end is 1/4, and the total number of the blades is 4.
The sound barrier device is further provided with an electric storage device, the electric storage device is connected with the acoustic energy collecting and converting device, in the embodiment, the electric storage device is connected with the acoustic energy collecting and converting device through a rectifying device, and the rectifying device comprises a rectifying controller and a capacitor which are sequentially connected in series.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a sound barrier device for capturing sound energy generated by running of a roadside vehicle, as shown in fig. 1, the sound barrier device comprises a sound barrier screen body, a plurality of energy collecting modules 1 are distributed on the side surface of the sound barrier screen body facing a road, and each energy collecting module 1 comprises a cavity 11 and an energy collector positioned on one side of the cavity 11; the energy collector comprises a conical shell 16 with gradually contracted diameter and an annular outer edge 12 arranged around the opening of the expanded end of the conical shell 16, wherein the opening of the contracted end of the conical shell 16 is communicated with the cavity 11. In this embodiment, the cavity 11 is square in cross section perpendicular to the axial direction of the conical shell 16, the side length of the square is 10cm, the extending length of the cavity 11 in the axial direction is 5cm, and the whole cavity 11 is a rectangular cavity of 10cm × 10cm × 5cm. The extension length of the conical shell 16 in the axial direction of the conical shell 16 is 4cm, and the extension length of the annular outer rim 12 in the axial direction is 1cm. The opening of the expansion end of the conical shell 16 is circular with the diameter of 10cm, the opening of the contraction end of the conical shell 16 is arranged on the side face of one side of the cavity 11, and the opening of the contraction end of the conical shell 16 is circular with the diameter of 2 cm.
A PVDF film sound-electricity conversion device and a wind energy collection conversion device are arranged in each energy collection module 1, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, a PVDF film 14 of the PVDF film sound-electricity conversion device is a square film with a side length of 6cm, and a vertical distance between the PVDF film 14 and a contraction end opening of the conical shell 16 is 4cm. The wind energy collecting and converting device comprises fan blades 2 arranged in the annular outer edge 12 and a wind motor 15 arranged in the cavity 11, wherein the wind motor 15 is arranged on the side part of the PVDF film 14.
In the embodiment, the radial length of the fan blade 2 is 4.5cm, and the central axis of the fan blade 2 is coaxial with the annular outer edge 12. The shape and the installation position of the blades are the same as those of the embodiment 1, the average driving speed of the vehicle on the road lane closest to the sound barrier in the embodiment is 80km, and the tip speed ratio range of the fan blades 2 under the corresponding average speed driving condition is 6.2. In the present embodiment, the ratio of the total area of the fan blades 2 to the area of the opening at the expansion end is 1/4, and the total number of the blades is 4.
The sound barrier device is further provided with an electric storage device, the electric storage device is connected with the acoustic energy collecting and converting device, in the embodiment, the electric storage device is connected with the acoustic energy collecting and converting device through a rectifying device, and the rectifying device comprises a rectifying controller and a capacitor which are sequentially connected in series.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a sound barrier device for capturing sound energy generated by running of a roadside vehicle, as shown in fig. 1, the sound barrier device comprises a sound barrier screen body, a plurality of energy collecting modules 1 are distributed on the side surface of the sound barrier screen body facing a road, and each energy collecting module 1 comprises a cavity 11 and an energy collector positioned on one side of the cavity 11; the energy collector comprises a conical shell 16 with gradually contracted diameter and an annular outer edge 12 arranged around the opening of the expanded end of the conical shell 16, wherein the opening of the contracted end of the conical shell 16 is communicated with the cavity 11. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, a cross section of the cavity 11 perpendicular to the axial direction of the conical housing 16 is square, a side length of the square is 10cm, an extending length of the cavity 11 along the axial direction is 5cm, and the whole cavity 11 is a rectangular cavity of 10cm × 10cm × 5cm. The extension length of the conical shell 16 in the axial direction of the conical shell 16 is 4cm, and the extension length of the annular outer rim 12 in the axial direction is 1cm. The opening of the expansion end of the conical shell 16 is circular with the diameter of 10cm, the opening of the contraction end of the conical shell 16 is arranged on the side face of one side of the cavity 11, and the opening of the contraction end of the conical shell 16 is circular with the diameter of 2 cm.
A PVDF film sound-electricity conversion device is arranged in each energy collection module 1, and a PVDF film 14 of the PVDF film sound-electricity conversion device is a square film with the side length of 6 cm. The fan blades 2 are installed in the annular outer edge 12, the radial length of each fan blade 2 is 4.5cm, and the shape and the installation position of each blade are the same as those of the fan blade in the embodiment 1. In this embodiment, the ratio of the total area of the fan blades 2 to the area at the opening of the expansion end is 1/4, and the number of the blades is calculated according to the following method:
wherein ν is the average speed of the road vehicles, unit m/s, and in this embodiment, the average speed of the vehicles on the road closest to the sound barrier is 22.2m/s; a is the optimum tip speed ratio of the fanThe value is 6; l is the length of the cavity 11 in the axial direction of the conical shell 16, and is in units of m, where L is 0.05m in this embodiment; s is unit area, 1m 2 (ii) a taking t as unit time, and taking 1s;
the calculated approximate value n is 2.12, and the nearest integer value 3 greater than the value m is taken as the blade number of the blade, so in the present embodiment, 3 blades are provided for the fan.
In this embodiment, the radial length of the fan blades 2 is 4.5cm, the blade shape is the same as that in embodiment 1, the average speed of the vehicle running on the road on which the sound barrier is located is 80km, and the actual measurement value of the tip speed ratio of the fan blades 2 under the corresponding average speed running condition is 6.2.
Verifying the actual tip speed ratio and calculating the following formula:
wherein, nu is the average speed of the road vehicle, and the value is 22.2m/s; a is 0 Actual value of fan tip speed ratio 6.2; l is the length of the cavity 11 in the axial direction of the conical shell 16, and is 0.05m; s is unit area, 1m 2 (ii) a t is unit time, 1s.
Calculating to obtain n 0 And the actual tip speed ratio value of the terminal speed is in accordance with the requirement if 2.19 is less than 3.
In this embodiment, the sound barrier device is further provided with an electric storage device, the electric storage device is connected with the PVDF film sound-electricity conversion device through a rectifying device in this embodiment, and the rectifying device includes a rectifying controller and a capacitor which are sequentially connected in series.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a sound barrier device for capturing wind energy and sound energy generated by the driving of a roadside vehicle, as shown in fig. 1, the sound barrier device comprises a sound barrier body, a plurality of energy collecting modules 1 are distributed on the side surface of one side of the sound barrier body facing a road, and each energy collecting module 1 comprises a cavity 11 and an energy collector positioned on one side of the cavity 11; the energy collector comprises a conical shell 16 with gradually contracted diameter and an annular outer edge 12 arranged around the opening of the expanded end of the conical shell 16, wherein the opening of the contracted end of the conical shell 16 is communicated with the cavity 11. In this embodiment, the cavity 11 is square in cross section perpendicular to the axial direction of the conical shell 16, the side length of the square is 10cm, the extending length of the cavity 11 in the axial direction is 5cm, and the whole cavity 11 is a rectangular cavity of 10cm × 10cm × 5cm. The extension length of the conical shell along the axial direction of the conical shell is 4cm, and the extension length of the annular outer edge 12 along the axial direction is 1cm. The opening of the expansion end of the conical shell 16 is circular with the diameter of 10cm, the opening of the contraction end of the conical shell 16 is arranged on the side face of one side of the cavity 11, and the opening of the contraction end of the conical shell 16 is circular with the diameter of 2 cm.
A PVDF film sound-electricity conversion device and a wind energy collection conversion device are arranged in each energy collection module 1, and as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the PVDF film 14 of the PVDF film sound-electricity conversion device is a square film with a side length of 6 cm. The wind energy collecting and converting device comprises fan blades 2 arranged in the annular outer edge 12 and a wind motor 15 arranged in the cavity 11, wherein the wind motor 15 is arranged on the side part of the PVDF film 14.
The fan blades 2 are installed in the annular outer edge 12, the radial length of each fan blade 2 is 4.5cm, and the shape of each fan blade is the same as that of the fan blade in embodiment 1. In this embodiment, the ratio of the total area of the fan blades 2 to the area at the opening of the expansion end is 1/4, and the number of the blades is calculated according to the following method:
wherein ν is the average speed of the road vehicles, unit m/s, and in this embodiment, the average speed of the vehicles on the road closest to the sound barrier is 22.4m/s; a is the optimal tip speed ratio of the fan, and the value is 6; l is the length of the cavity 11 in the axial direction of the conical shell 16, and is expressed by m, in this embodiment, L is 0.05m; s is a unit planeGet 1m of product 2 (ii) a t is unit time, and 1s is taken;
the calculated approximate value n is 2.14, and the nearest integer value 3 greater than the value m is taken as the blade number of the blade, so in the present embodiment, 3 blades are provided for the fan.
In this embodiment, the radial length of the fan blade 2 is 4.5cm, the blade shape is the same as that in embodiment 1, the average speed of the vehicle running on the road on which the sound barrier is located is 81km, and the actual measurement value of the tip speed ratio of the fan blade 2 under the corresponding average speed running condition is 6.2.
The following formula is calculated:
wherein, nu is the average speed of the road vehicle, and the value is 22.4m/s; a is 0 Actual value of fan tip speed ratio 6.2; l is the length of the cavity 11 in the axial direction of the conical shell 16, and is 0.05m; s is unit area, 1m 2 (ii) a t is unit time, 1s.
N is obtained by calculation 0 And the actual tip speed ratio value of the terminal speed is in accordance with the requirement if 2.19 is less than 3.
The sound barrier device in this embodiment is further provided with an electric storage device, and the electric storage device in this embodiment is connected with the PVDF film sound-electricity conversion device and the wind motor 15 through a rectifying device, and the rectifying device includes a rectifying controller and a capacitor which are sequentially connected in series.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a sound barrier device for capturing sound energy generated by running of a roadside vehicle, as shown in fig. 1, the sound barrier device comprises a sound barrier screen body, a plurality of energy collecting modules 1 are distributed on the side surface of the sound barrier screen body facing a road, and each energy collecting module 1 comprises a cavity 11 and an energy collector positioned on one side of the cavity 11; the energy collector comprises a conical shell 16 with gradually contracted diameter and an annular outer edge 12 arranged around the opening of the expanded end of the conical shell 16, wherein the opening of the contracted end of the conical shell 16 is communicated with the cavity 11. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, a cross section of the cavity 11 perpendicular to the axial direction of the conical housing 16 is square, a side length of the square is 10cm, an extending length of the cavity 11 along the axial direction is 5cm, and the whole cavity 11 is a rectangular cavity of 10cm × 10cm × 5cm. The extension length of the conical shell 16 in the axial direction of the conical shell is 4cm, and the extension length of the annular outer edge 12 in the axial direction is 1cm. The opening of the expansion end of the conical shell 16 is circular with the diameter of 10cm, the opening of the contraction end of the conical shell 16 is arranged on the side face of one side of the cavity 11, and the opening of the contraction end of the conical shell 16 is circular with the diameter of 2 cm.
A PVDF film sound-electricity conversion device is arranged in each energy collection module 1, and a PVDF film 14 of the PVDF film sound-electricity conversion device is a square film with the side length of 6 cm. The fan blades 2 are installed in the annular outer edge 12, the radial length of each fan blade 2 is 4.5cm, and the shape of each fan blade is the same as that of the fan blade in embodiment 1. In this embodiment, the ratio of the total area of the fan blades 2 to the area of the opening at the expansion end is 1/4, and the number of the blades is calculated by the following method:
wherein ν is the average speed of the road vehicles, unit m/s, and in this embodiment, the average speed of the vehicles on the road closest to the sound barrier is 23.1m/s; a is the optimal tip speed ratio of the fan, and the value is 6; l is the length of the cavity 11 in the axial direction of the conical shell 16, and is expressed by m, in this embodiment, L is 0.05m; s is unit area, 1m 2 (ii) a t is unit time, and 1s is taken;
the calculated approximate value n is 2.21, and the nearest integer value 3 greater than the value m is taken as the blade number of the blades, so in this embodiment, 3 blades are provided for the fan.
In this embodiment, the radial length of the fan blade 2 is 4.5cm, the blade shape is the same as that in embodiment 1, the average speed of the vehicle running on the road where the sound barrier is located is 83km, and the actual measurement value of the tip speed ratio of the fan blade 2 under the corresponding average speed running condition is 8.4.
The following formula is calculated:
wherein, nu is the average speed of the road vehicle, and the value is 23.1m/s; a is 0 The actual value for the fan tip speed ratio is 8.4; l is the length of the cavity 11 in the axial direction of the conical shell 16, and is 0.05m; s is unit area, 1m 2 (ii) a t is unit time, 1s.
N is obtained by calculation 0 ＝3.1＞2.21。
In this embodiment, the sound barrier device is further provided with an electric storage device, and in this embodiment, the electric storage device is connected with the PVDF film sound-electricity conversion device through a rectifying device, and the rectifying device includes a rectifying controller and a capacitor which are sequentially connected in series.
In the sound barrier device according to embodiments 1 to 5, the energy collection modules 1 are sequentially arranged on the sound barrier screen body in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, and the sound barrier screen body is an integral body formed by the energy collection modules 1. The sound barrier screen body is installed on the base body, the whole height of the sound barrier screen body is 3m, the ground clearance is 1m, the distance between the sound barrier screen body and the road side is 0.5m, and the road is a same bidirectional four-lane road.
The results of measuring the electric energy conversion amount of the sound barrier in the above examples 1 to 5 and calculating the electric energy amount generated by the sound barrier screen body per unit area as the energy production density of the sound barrier show that the energy production density of the sound barrier screen body for converting sound energy in examples 1, 3 and 5 is 121W/m 2 、143W/m 2 、108W/m 2 In examples 2 and 4, the energy density of the sound barrier body for converting the sound energy and the wind energy is 201W/m 2 、225W/m 2 。
As a preferred implementation, in the active noise reduction device in embodiments 1-5, the power storage device may be connected to the active noise reduction device for supplying power to the active noise reduction device, and the active noise reduction device includes a speaker, a microphone and a host. The working frequency range of the microphone needs to be 20Hz to 20000Hz. The main machine is composed of an ARM + DSP framework board card, processes the sound signals collected by the sound transmitter, analyzes the distribution rule and the propagation characteristic of a sound field, processes and calculates to obtain anti-noise, inputs the anti-noise signals to the loudspeaker, and outputs the anti-noise signals through the loudspeaker. As a further preferred embodiment, the power storage device can simultaneously supply power to the lighting device, the monitoring device and the early warning device on the road side, so as to realize energy conservation and emission reduction.
Comparative example
To further verify the effectiveness of the sound barrier apparatus of the present invention, the following comparative examples were set up for comparative experiments.
Comparative example 1
The sound barrier device of this comparative example comprises a sound barrier panel having a plurality of energy collecting modules distributed on the side of the sound barrier panel facing the road, the structure of the energy collecting modules and the structure of the energy collectors being identical to that of example 1. The sound barrier apparatus in this comparative example differs from that of example 1 in that the fan blades inside the annular outer edge in example 1 were removed and not installed.
The overall structure of the sound barrier apparatus in this comparative example is also the same as that of example 1. Detecting the electric energy conversion quantity of the sound barrier device in the comparative example, and calculating the electric energy quantity generated by the unit area of the sound barrier screen body as the capacity density of the sound barrier, wherein the capacity density of the sound barrier screen body in the comparative example is 51W/m 2 。
Comparative example 2
The sound barrier device of this comparative example comprises a sound barrier panel having a plurality of energy collecting modules distributed on the side of the sound barrier panel facing the road, the structure of the energy collecting modules and the structure of the energy collectors being identical to that of example 1. In this embodiment, the PVDF film sound-electricity conversion device in each energy collection module in embodiment 1 is removed, and only the wind energy collection and conversion device is provided, that is, the fan blades are installed in the annular outer edge, and the wind motor is installed in the cavity to collect and convert wind energy.
The overall structure of the sound barrier apparatus in this comparative example is also the same as that of example 1. The electric energy conversion amount of the sound barrier device in the comparative example is detected, and the capacity density of the sound barrier body in the comparative example is 93W/m 2 。
From the above results, the sum of the energy production density values of the individual sound energy and the wind energy is much smaller than the energy production density in the embodiment, and the sound barrier screen body of the invention can effectively improve the collection and conversion rate of the sound energy.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A sound barrier apparatus for capturing acoustic energy generated by the travel of a roadside vehicle, comprising:
the energy collecting device comprises a sound barrier body, wherein a plurality of energy collecting modules are distributed on the side surface of one side of the sound barrier body facing a road, and each energy collecting module comprises a cavity and an energy collector positioned on one side of the cavity;
the energy collector comprises a conical shell with gradually contracted diameter and an annular outer edge arranged around an opening of an expansion end of the conical shell, the opening of the contraction end of the conical shell is communicated with the cavity, and a PVDF film acoustic-electric conversion device is arranged in each energy collection module;
a fan blade is arranged in the annular outer edge;
and the power storage device is connected with the acoustic energy collecting and converting device.
2. The sound barrier apparatus for capturing sound energy generated by the driving of a roadside vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cavity is a square-shaped cavity, and the contraction end opening is communicated with one side face of the square-shaped cavity.
3. The sound barrier apparatus for capturing sound energy generated by the driving of a roadside vehicle according to claim 2, wherein the ratio of the total area of the fan blades to the area at the opening of the flared end is less than 1/3, and the number of the fan blades is calculated by first calculating a blade approximation value n according to the following formula:
wherein ν is the average speed of the road vehicles in m/s; a is the optimal tip speed ratio of the fan, and the value is 6; l is the length of the cavity in the axial direction of the conical shell, and the unit is m; s is unit area, 1m 2 (ii) a t is unit time, and 1s is taken;
if the calculated approximate value n is an integer, taking the value n as the number p of the blades; if the approximation n is not an integer, the nearest integer value n greater than n is taken 1 As the blade number p of the blade.
4. The sound barrier apparatus of claim 3, wherein said fan blades have a measured tip speed ratio a at a condition that the road vehicle maintains the average vehicle speed v 0 Is in the range of 6 to 8, and satisfies the following conditions:
wherein ν is the average speed of the road vehicles in m/s; a is 0 Actual value of fan tip speed ratio; l is the length of the cavity in the axial direction of the conical shell, and the unit is m; s is unit area, 1m 2 (ii) a t is unit timeTaking 1s; p is the blade number of the fan blade.
5. The sound barrier apparatus of claim 4, wherein the length ratio of the cavity to the energy collector in the axial direction of the conical shell is 1:1, and the ratio of the volume of the energy collector to the volume of the cavity is 1/4-1/3.
6. The sound barrier apparatus of claim 5, wherein the ratio of the annular outer edge to the length of the conical housing in the axial direction is 1:4.
7. The sound barrier apparatus for capturing acoustic energy generated by the travel of roadside vehicles according to claim 6, wherein the thickness of the fan blades is less than or equal to 1cm.
8. The sound barrier device for capturing sound energy generated by the driving of a roadside vehicle as claimed in claim 7, wherein a wind motor is further provided, the wind motor is installed in the cavity, the fan blades are connected with the wind motor, and the wind motor is simultaneously connected with the power storage device.
9. The sound barrier device for capturing sound energy generated by the driving of a roadside vehicle as claimed in claim 8, wherein an active noise reduction device is further provided, and the electricity storage device is connected with the active noise reduction device and supplies electricity to the active noise reduction device.
10. The sound barrier apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the energy collecting modules are arranged on the sound barrier screen body in sequence in the horizontal and vertical directions.
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