CN115248389A - Quantitative test method for diffusion impedance of lithium ion battery cell - Google Patents
Quantitative test method for diffusion impedance of lithium ion battery cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN115248389A CN115248389A CN202210773416.1A CN202210773416A CN115248389A CN 115248389 A CN115248389 A CN 115248389A CN 202210773416 A CN202210773416 A CN 202210773416A CN 115248389 A CN115248389 A CN 115248389A
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
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- G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/389—Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a quantitative test method for diffusion impedance of a lithium ion cell, which specifically comprises the following steps: s1, calculating total impedance, S2, setting a specified charge state of a lithium ion cell for the first time, testing an electrochemical impedance spectrum of the cell, S3, setting a diffusion impedance value of each frequency point for the first time, S4, setting a specified charge state of the lithium ion cell for the second time, testing the electrochemical impedance spectrum of the cell, performing the same operation of the step S3 to analyze and calculate the diffusion impedance value of each frequency point, and S5, averaging. The quantitative test method for the diffusion impedance of the lithium ion battery cell can realize the test of different variables for a plurality of times by calculating the related test quantity of the diffusion impedance, thereby reducing the calculation error, avoiding the contingency of the test result, and truly reflecting the real value of the diffusion impedance of the battery cell, thereby being very beneficial to the quantitative test work of the diffusion impedance of the lithium ion battery cell.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lithium battery testing, in particular to a quantitative testing method for diffusion impedance of a lithium ion battery cell.
Background
A lithium battery is a battery using a nonaqueous electrolyte solution and lithium metal or a lithium alloy as a negative electrode material, and therefore such a battery is also called a lithium metal battery. Unlike other batteries, lithium batteries have the characteristics of high charge density, long life, high unit cost, and the like. Lithium batteries, which are batteries with metallic lithium as the negative electrode, also called lithium metal batteries, can produce voltages of 1.5V (corresponding to zinc-carbon or alkaline batteries) to 3.7V depending on the structural design and the electrode material. It is noted that lithium batteries are classified into primary batteries and secondary batteries according to the configuration of the batteries. Early lithium batteries were primary batteries, but because of the very active chemical properties of metallic lithium, their processing, storage, use have very high environmental requirements. Therefore, lithium batteries have not been widely used after the invention. With the development of microelectronic technology at the end of the twentieth century, the number of miniaturized devices is increasing, and higher requirements are made on power supplies. The lithium battery has then entered a large-scale practical stage. Currently, the most common lithium battery structure for consumers uses metal lithium as a negative electrode, manganese dioxide as a positive electrode, and lithium salt dissolved in an organic solvent as an electrolyte.
Impedance is one of the important means for understanding lithium battery systems. At present, the impedance of a lithium battery can be mainly decomposed into contact impedance, membrane impedance and charge transfer impedance by means of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS), and for the diffusion impedance generally existing in the lithium battery, although quantitative testing can be performed by an EIS method, the test result of the existing test method has a large error and certain contingency, the actual value of the diffusion impedance of the battery cell cannot be truly reflected, the purpose of reducing the calculation error by performing multiple tests of different variables on the test quantity related to the calculation of the diffusion impedance cannot be achieved, and the quantitative test work of the diffusion impedance of the battery cell is very unfavorable.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a quantitative test method for diffusion impedance of a lithium ion battery cell, and solves the problems that the test result of the conventional test method has larger error, the test result has certain contingency, the true numerical value of the diffusion impedance of the battery cell cannot be truly reflected, and the purpose of reducing the calculation error by carrying out a plurality of tests on different variables on the test quantity related to the calculation of the diffusion impedance cannot be achieved.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a quantitative test method for diffusion impedance of a lithium ion battery cell specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, fully charging a battery cell to be tested, connecting the battery cell to be tested to an electric load, respectively obtaining discharge curves of the battery cell under different conditions, and calculating the total impedance of the battery cell to be tested under a charge state;
s2, setting the specified charge state of the lithium ion battery cell for the first time, directly discharging the battery cell to the specified charge state, and testing the electrochemical impedance spectrum of the battery cell;
s3, analyzing the characteristic frequency points in the electrochemical impedance spectrum obtained by the test in the step S2 through an analysis system, analyzing a contact impedance value, a membrane impedance value and a charge transfer impedance value of each analyzed frequency point, and calculating a diffusion impedance value of each frequency point by adopting a formula total impedance-contact impedance-membrane impedance-charge transfer impedance = diffusion impedance;
s4, setting the designated charge state of the lithium ion battery cell for the second time, directly discharging the battery cell to the designated charge state, testing the electrochemical impedance spectrum of the battery cell, and then performing the same operation of the step S3 to perform analytical calculation on the diffusion impedance value of each frequency point;
and S5, averaging the diffusion impedance values of each frequency point obtained by the two times of analysis and calculation in the steps S3 and S4 through a mean value algorithm, so as to obtain an accurate value of the diffusion impedance.
Preferably, in step S1, the state of charge of the cell is set to 65% to 85% for the first time.
Preferably, the electrical load in step S1 is one of a rheostat, a power-adjustable heater, or a frequency-variable lamp.
Preferably, the different condition in step S1 is that the battery cell is directly discharged from the charge cut-off voltage to the end.
Preferably, the different conditions in step S1 are a discharge curve in which the cell is first discharged from the charge cut-off voltage to the specified state of charge, left, and then discharged to the end voltage.
Preferably, the number of characteristic frequency points in the electrochemical impedance spectrum analyzed in step S3 is 8-15.
Preferably, the diffusion resistance in step S3 reflects the diffusion resistance of lithium ions in the solid phase.
Preferably, in step S4, the state of charge of the battery cell is set to 30-50% for the second time.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention provides a quantitative test method for diffusion impedance of a lithium ion battery cell. Compared with the prior art, the method has the following beneficial effects: the quantitative test method for the diffusion impedance of the lithium ion battery cell specifically comprises the following steps: s1, fully charging a battery cell to be tested, connecting the battery cell to be tested to an electric load, respectively obtaining discharge curves of the battery cell under different conditions, and calculating the total impedance of the battery cell to be tested under a charge state; s2, setting the specified charge state of the lithium ion battery cell for the first time, directly discharging the battery cell to the specified charge state, and testing the electrochemical impedance spectrum of the battery cell; s3, analyzing the characteristic frequency points in the electrochemical impedance spectrum obtained by the test in the step S2 through an analysis system, analyzing a contact impedance value, a membrane impedance value and a charge transfer impedance value of each analyzed frequency point, and calculating a diffusion impedance value of each frequency point by adopting a formula total impedance-contact impedance-membrane impedance-charge transfer impedance = diffusion impedance; s4, setting the specified charge state of the lithium ion battery cell for the second time, directly discharging the battery cell to the specified charge state, testing the electrochemical impedance spectrum of the battery cell, and then performing the same operation of the step S3 to perform analytical calculation on the diffusion impedance value of each frequency point; s5, averaging the diffusion impedance values of each frequency point obtained through the two times of analysis and calculation in the steps S3 and S4 through a mean value algorithm, so that an accurate value of the diffusion impedance is obtained, multiple tests of different variables can be performed on the test quantity related to the calculation of the diffusion impedance, calculation errors are reduced, the contingency of test results is avoided, the true value of the diffusion impedance of the battery cell can be truly reflected, and the quantitative test work of the diffusion impedance of the battery cell of the lithium battery is very beneficial.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides four technical solutions: a quantitative test method for diffusion impedance of a lithium ion battery cell specifically comprises the following embodiments:
example 1
The method comprises the following steps of S1, firstly, fully charging an electric core to be tested, then, connecting the electric core to be tested to an electric load, respectively obtaining discharge curves of the electric core under different conditions, calculating the total impedance of the electric core to be tested under the charge state, setting the charge state of the electric core to be 75% for the first time, using the electric load as a rheostat, and directly discharging the electric core from a charge cut-off voltage to termination under different conditions;
s2, setting the specified charge state of the lithium ion battery cell for the first time, directly discharging the battery cell to the specified charge state, and testing the electrochemical impedance spectrum of the battery cell;
s3, analyzing the characteristic frequency points in the electrochemical impedance spectrum obtained by the test in the step S2 through an analysis system, analyzing a contact impedance value, a membrane impedance value and a charge transfer impedance value of each frequency point by each analyzed frequency point, and calculating the diffusion impedance value of each frequency point by adopting a formula total impedance-contact impedance-membrane impedance-charge transfer impedance = diffusion impedance, wherein the number of the characteristic frequency points in the analyzed electrochemical impedance spectrum is 11, and the diffusion impedance reflects the diffusion impedance of lithium ions in a solid phase;
s4, setting the specified charge state of the lithium ion battery cell for the second time, directly discharging the battery cell to the specified charge state, testing the electrochemical impedance spectrum of the battery cell, performing the same operation of the step S3 to perform analytical calculation on the diffusion impedance value of each frequency point, and setting the charge state of the battery cell to be 40% for the second time;
and S5, averaging the diffusion impedance values of each frequency point obtained by the two times of analysis and calculation in the steps S3 and S4 through a mean value algorithm, so as to obtain an accurate value of the diffusion impedance.
Example 2
The method comprises the following steps of S1, fully charging a battery cell to be tested, connecting the battery cell to be tested to an electric load, respectively obtaining discharge curves of the battery cell under different conditions, calculating the total impedance of the battery cell to be tested under the charge state, setting the charge state of the battery cell to be 65% for the first time, and setting the electric load as a heater with adjustable power, wherein the battery cell discharges to the specified charge state from a charge cut-off voltage under different conditions, and then discharges to the discharge curve of the cut-off voltage;
s2, setting the specified charge state of the lithium ion battery cell for the first time, directly discharging the battery cell to the specified charge state, and testing the electrochemical impedance spectrum of the battery cell;
s3, analyzing the characteristic frequency points in the electrochemical impedance spectrum obtained by the test in the step S2 through an analysis system, analyzing a contact impedance value, a membrane impedance value and a charge transfer impedance value of each analyzed frequency point, and calculating the diffusion impedance value of each frequency point by adopting a formula total impedance-contact impedance-membrane impedance-charge transfer impedance = diffusion impedance, wherein the number of the characteristic frequency points in the analyzed electrochemical impedance spectrum is 8, and the diffusion impedance reflects the diffusion impedance of lithium ions in a solid phase;
s4, setting the designated charge state of the lithium ion battery cell for the second time, directly discharging the battery cell to the designated charge state, testing the electrochemical impedance spectrum of the battery cell, performing the same operation of the step S3 to perform analytical calculation on the diffusion impedance value of each frequency point, and setting the charge state of the battery cell to be 30% for the second time;
and S5, averaging the diffusion impedance values of each frequency point analyzed and calculated in the steps S3 and S4 through a mean value algorithm, so as to obtain an accurate value of the diffusion impedance.
Example 3
The method comprises the following steps of S1, firstly, fully charging a battery cell to be tested, then, connecting the battery cell to be tested to an electric load, respectively obtaining discharge curves of the battery cell under different conditions, calculating the total impedance of the battery cell to be tested under the charge state, setting the charge state of the battery cell to be 85% for the first time, using the electric load as a lamp with variable frequency, and directly discharging the battery cell from a charge cut-off voltage to a stop under different conditions;
s2, setting the specified charge state of the lithium ion battery cell for the first time, directly discharging the battery cell to the specified charge state, and testing the electrochemical impedance spectrum of the battery cell;
s3, analyzing the characteristic frequency points in the electrochemical impedance spectrum obtained by the test in the step S2 through an analysis system, analyzing a contact impedance value, a membrane impedance value and a charge transfer impedance value of each frequency point by each analyzed frequency point, and calculating the diffusion impedance value of each frequency point by adopting a formula total impedance-contact impedance-membrane impedance-charge transfer impedance = diffusion impedance, wherein the number of the characteristic frequency points in the analyzed electrochemical impedance spectrum is 15, and the diffusion impedance reflects the diffusion impedance of lithium ions in a solid phase;
s4, setting the designated charge state of the lithium ion battery cell for the second time, directly discharging the battery cell to the designated charge state, testing the electrochemical impedance spectrum of the battery cell, performing the same operation of the step S3 to perform analytical calculation on the diffusion impedance value of each frequency point, and setting the charge state of the battery cell to be 50% for the second time;
and S5, averaging the diffusion impedance values of each frequency point analyzed and calculated in the steps S3 and S4 through a mean value algorithm, so as to obtain an accurate value of the diffusion impedance.
Example 4
The method comprises the following steps of S1, firstly, fully charging a battery cell to be tested, then, connecting the battery cell to be tested to an electric load, respectively obtaining discharge curves of the battery cell under different conditions, calculating the total impedance of the battery cell to be tested under the charge state, firstly, setting the charge state of the battery cell to be 70, using the electric load as a rheostat, and under different conditions, firstly, discharging the battery cell from a charge cut-off voltage to the specified charge state, laying aside, and then, discharging to a discharge curve of a stop voltage;
s2, setting the specified charge state of the lithium ion battery cell for the first time, directly discharging the battery cell to the specified charge state, and testing the electrochemical impedance spectrum of the battery cell;
s3, analyzing the characteristic frequency points in the electrochemical impedance spectrum obtained by the test in the step S2 through an analysis system, analyzing a contact impedance value, a membrane impedance value and a charge transfer impedance value of each frequency point by each analyzed frequency point, and calculating the diffusion impedance value of each frequency point by adopting a formula total impedance-contact impedance-membrane impedance-charge transfer impedance = diffusion impedance, wherein the number of the characteristic frequency points in the analyzed electrochemical impedance spectrum is 10, and the diffusion impedance reflects the diffusion impedance of lithium ions in a solid phase;
s4, setting the specified charge state of the lithium ion battery cell for the second time, directly discharging the battery cell to the specified charge state, testing the electrochemical impedance spectrum of the battery cell, performing the same operation of the step S3 to perform analytical calculation on the diffusion impedance value of each frequency point, and setting the charge state of the battery cell to 35% for the second time;
and S5, averaging the diffusion impedance values of each frequency point obtained by the two times of analysis and calculation in the steps S3 and S4 through a mean value algorithm, so as to obtain an accurate value of the diffusion impedance.
In conclusion, the method can realize that the calculation error is reduced by carrying out a plurality of tests on different variables on the test quantity related to the calculation of the diffusion impedance, avoids the contingency of the test result, and can truly reflect the real value of the diffusion impedance of the battery cell, thereby being beneficial to the quantitative test work of the diffusion impedance of the battery cell of the lithium battery.
And those not described in detail in this specification are well within the skill of those in the art.
It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. A quantitative test method for diffusion impedance of a lithium ion battery cell is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of S1, fully charging a battery cell to be tested, connecting the battery cell to be tested to an electric load, respectively obtaining discharge curves of the battery cell under different conditions, and calculating the total impedance of the battery cell to be tested under a charge state;
s2, setting the specified charge state of the lithium ion battery cell for the first time, directly discharging the battery cell to the specified charge state, and testing the electrochemical impedance spectrum of the battery cell;
s3, analyzing the characteristic frequency points in the electrochemical impedance spectrum obtained by the test in the step S2 through an analyzing system, analyzing the contact impedance value, the membrane impedance value and the charge transfer impedance value of each analyzed frequency point, and calculating the diffusion impedance value of each frequency point by adopting a formula total impedance-contact impedance-membrane impedance-charge transfer impedance = diffusion impedance;
s4, setting the designated charge state of the lithium ion battery cell for the second time, directly discharging the battery cell to the designated charge state, testing the electrochemical impedance spectrum of the battery cell, and then performing the same operation of the step S3 to perform analytical calculation on the diffusion impedance value of each frequency point;
and S5, averaging the diffusion impedance values of each frequency point obtained by the two times of analysis and calculation in the steps S3 and S4 through a mean value algorithm, so as to obtain an accurate value of the diffusion impedance.
2. The method for quantitatively testing the diffusion impedance of the lithium ion battery cell according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S1, the state of charge of the battery cell is set to 65% to 85% for the first time.
3. The quantitative test method for the diffusion impedance of the lithium ion battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electrical load in step S1 is one of a rheostat, a power-adjustable heater or a frequency-variable lamp.
4. The method for quantitatively testing the diffusion impedance of the lithium ion battery cell according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the different conditions in step S1 are that the battery cell is directly discharged from the charge cut-off voltage to the end.
5. The method for quantitatively testing the diffusion impedance of the lithium ion battery cell according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the different conditions in the step S1 are a discharge curve in which the electric core is first discharged from the charge cut-off voltage to the specified state of charge, left over, and then discharged to the end voltage.
6. The quantitative test method for the diffusion impedance of the lithium ion battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: the number of characteristic frequency points in the electrochemical impedance spectrum analyzed in the step S3 is 8-15.
7. The quantitative test method for the diffusion impedance of the lithium ion battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: the diffusion resistance in step S3 reflects the diffusion resistance of lithium ions in the solid phase.
8. The method for quantitatively testing the diffusion impedance of the lithium ion battery cell according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S4, the state of charge of the battery cell is set to 30-50% for the second time.
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| CN116400240A (en) * | 2023-03-15 | 2023-07-07 | 广州巨湾技研有限公司 | Measuring method for ionic resistance of unit thickness of liquid phase and electrode tortuosity measuring method |
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| CN116400240A (en) * | 2023-03-15 | 2023-07-07 | 广州巨湾技研有限公司 | Measuring method for ionic resistance of unit thickness of liquid phase and electrode tortuosity measuring method |
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