CN115247542B - Underground casing section milling device and method - Google Patents
Underground casing section milling device and method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115247542B CN115247542B CN202110467830.5A CN202110467830A CN115247542B CN 115247542 B CN115247542 B CN 115247542B CN 202110467830 A CN202110467830 A CN 202110467830A CN 115247542 B CN115247542 B CN 115247542B
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- nipple
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- casing
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- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 232
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B29/00—Cutting or destroying pipes, packers, plugs or wire lines, located in boreholes or wells, e.g. cutting of damaged pipes, of windows; Deforming of pipes in boreholes or wells; Reconditioning of well casings while in the ground
- E21B29/002—Cutting, e.g. milling, a pipe with a cutter rotating along the circumference of the pipe
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses an underground casing section milling device and method, and belongs to the technical field of underground tools in petroleum industry. The underground casing section milling device comprises a separation nipple, a self-priming nipple, a first injection nipple and a second injection nipple. Wherein, separate nipple joint, from inhaling nipple joint, first injection nipple joint and second injection nipple joint and link to each other in proper order from top to bottom. The underground casing section milling device seals an annular space between the underground casing and the underground casing section milling device through a separation nipple; cutting the casing axially along the downhole casing through the first jet sub; the annular abrasive particle jet is sprayed out through the second spraying nipple to cut the underground casing; the self-priming nipple recovers and recycles abrasive particles and liquid that fall when cutting the casing downhole. The underground casing section milling device realizes the underground casing section milling by using abrasive particle jet flow, and solves the problems of poor stability and low section milling efficiency of the mechanical section milling device.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of downhole tools in petroleum industry, in particular to a downhole casing section milling device and method.
Background
When the oil and gas well is abandoned, the 30 m casing pipe of a certain well section is often required to be subjected to section milling and cement injection for plugging aiming at a high-risk well, so that the purpose of permanent plugging is achieved.
In the related art, the casing section milling method is mechanical section milling, and the mechanical section milling process is to pump high-pressure liquid into the section milling tool, so that the high-pressure liquid generates pressure drop through a nozzle of the section milling tool, and a piston of the section milling tool is pushed to descend and prop up a blade of the section milling tool and enable the blade to be in contact with the inner wall of the underground casing. The blade is driven to rotate by rotating the operation section milling tool, and the rotating blade circumferentially bites and continuously cuts the underground casing until the underground casing is cut off. After the underground casing is cut off, the section milling tool is gradually pushed in, and the section milling of the underground casing is completed.
The blades of the middle section milling tool and the underground sleeve in the related technology are both made of high-hardness metal, the cutting load born by the blades when cutting the underground sleeve is large, the difficulty of keeping the blades rotating on the same circumferential plane is large, and underground complex conditions such as drill sticking and the like are easy to occur; the blade of the middle section milling tool in the related art is extremely easy to wear, and frequent tripping is needed to replace the blade in the section milling process, so that the operation time is long and the operation efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a downhole casing section milling device and a downhole casing section milling method, which are used for solving the problems that a middle section milling device in the related art is poor in stability, and a drill is stuck and a blade is easy to wear. The technical scheme is as follows:
in one aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a downhole casing section milling device, including a separator nipple, a self-priming nipple, a first injection nipple, and a second injection nipple;
the separation nipple, the self-priming nipple, the first injection nipple and the second injection nipple are sequentially connected from top to bottom;
the separation nipple is connected with the delivery tool and used for separating an annular space between the underground casing section milling device and the underground casing; the self-priming pup joint is used for recovering abrasive particles falling when the downhole casing is cut; the first jet nipple is used for axially cutting the downhole casing along the downhole casing; the second jet sub is for radially and annularly cutting the downhole casing along the downhole casing.
Optionally, the separation nipple comprises an upper joint, a lower joint, an expansion rubber cylinder and a sealing sliding ring;
the upper joint is provided with an internal thread, a sealing limit groove and a flow passage, wherein the internal thread is used for connecting the separation nipple and the delivery tool, and the flow passage is used for allowing liquid to enter the separation nipple from the delivery tool; the lower joint is provided with an external thread, a sealing limit groove and a flow passage, wherein the thread is used for connecting the self-priming nipple, and liquid in the flow passage enters the self-priming nipple from the separation nipple;
the expansion type rubber cylinder is positioned below the upper joint, and two ends of the expansion type rubber cylinder are respectively connected with the two groups of sealing sliding rings; the two groups of sealing sliding rings are respectively sleeved on the sealing limit grooves of the upper connector and the lower connector.
Optionally, the self-priming nipple comprises a built-in nozzle and a self-priming extension joint;
wherein, the internal through-flow channel of the said built-in nozzle is the cone straight structure; the self-priming extension joint is provided with a self-priming cavity and an extension channel;
the outlet of the built-in nozzle is connected with the self-priming cavity of the self-priming extension joint; the built-in nozzle is used for accelerating the liquid entering the self-priming nipple;
the self-priming cavity of the self-priming extension joint is used for recovering abrasive particles falling when the downhole casing is cut; the extension channel is used to maintain the velocity of the liquid in the self-priming nipple as it exits the self-priming chamber.
Optionally, the first injection nipple comprises an injection cylinder, an inner cylinder and a nozzle;
wherein the inner cylinder is sleeved at the middle position in the injection cylinder; the nozzle is positioned in the middle of the jet cylinder body.
Optionally, the second jet nipple comprises an outer barrel, a jet rod and a backing ring;
one end of the outer cylinder is of an annular structure, an inner thread is arranged on the inner wall of a central hole of the annular structure, and at least two through holes are distributed on the annular structure around the central hole of the annular structure; one end of the spray rod is a rod-shaped part with external threads, and the other end of the spray rod is a cone part with the diameter larger than that of the rod-shaped part;
one end of the injection rod with external threads is sleeved into the backing ring and then connected with the internal threads on the inner wall of the central hole of the annular structure, so that the injection rod is connected with the outer cylinder.
Optionally, the flow passage of the separation nipple is provided with a liquid passage hole communicated with the inner cavity of the expansion rubber cylinder.
Optionally, the built-in nozzle of the self-priming nipple and the self-priming extension joint are made of hard alloy materials.
Optionally, a self-priming cavity of the self-priming extension joint is provided with a self-priming hole;
the self-priming hole communicates the self-priming nipple with an annular space between the downhole casing and the self-priming nipple.
Optionally, the outer barrel and the injection rod of the second injection nipple are made of hard alloy materials.
The embodiment of the application also provides a method for milling the underground casing section, which is applied to the device for milling the underground casing section, and comprises the following steps:
the separation nipple, the self-priming nipple, the first injection nipple and the second injection nipple are sequentially connected;
using the delivery tool to deliver the downhole casing section milling device to the position of the casing to be section milled;
injecting liquid into the underground casing section milling device by using a ground pump station, increasing the pumping pressure and maintaining a certain displacement until the expansion type rubber barrel of the separation nipple is fully opened and sealing separation is completed;
adding abrasive particles with a certain concentration into the underground casing section milling device along with liquid, so that the liquid mixed with the abrasive particles is sprayed out of the annular gap of the second spraying nipple, and cutting the casing is started;
particles falling down from a cutting downhole casing are sucked by the self-priming pup joint and then sprayed out again by the second spraying pup joint, so that the abrasive particles are recycled until the casing is completely cut through;
lifting the underground casing section milling device in sequence according to a designed distance, and cutting and forming annular slits which are arranged in sequence on the casing until the cutting of the casing is completed;
opening the first jet nipple to enable the abrasive particle mixed liquid to be jetted out of the first jet nipple to form abrasive particle jet;
and (3) lowering the underground casing section milling device according to the design speed control, and utilizing the abrasive particle jet flow sprayed out by the first jet nipple to axially cut parallel strip-shaped slits at the position on the casing until the cutting of the casing is completed.
The beneficial effects brought by the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application at least comprise:
in summary, according to the downhole casing section milling device and method provided by the embodiment of the application, the downhole casing is cut by jetting abrasive particle jet flow from the first jet nipple and the second jet nipple, and section milling of the downhole casing is completed by lifting the downhole casing section milling device. The underground casing section milling device utilizes the abrasive particles which fall into the annular space between the underground casing and the underground casing section milling device when liquid is recovered and cut through the negative pressure generated by the self-priming nipple, so that the recycling of the abrasive particles is realized, and the problems of poor stability and low efficiency of the mechanical section milling device in the related technology are solved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of an alternative configuration of a downhole casing segment milling apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a spacer nipple of a downhole casing segment milling apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a self-priming nipple of a downhole casing segment milling device provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a first jet sub of a downhole casing segment milling apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a second jet sub of a downhole casing segment milling apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a top view of an outer barrel of a second jet sub of a downhole casing segment milling apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals in the drawings denote:
1-a separation nipple;
2-self priming nipple;
3-a first jet nipple;
4-a second jet nipple;
11-upper joint;
12-lower joint;
13-an expansion type rubber cylinder;
14-sealing slip ring;
21-built-in nozzle;
22-self priming extension joint;
31-a spray cylinder;
32-an inner cylinder;
33-a nozzle;
41-an outer cylinder;
42-spray bar;
43-backing ring.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the embodiments of the present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The embodiment of the application provides a downhole casing section mills device, and as shown in fig. 1, this downhole casing section mills including separating nipple 1, self-priming nipple 2, first injection nipple 3 and second injection nipple 4. The separation nipple 1, the self-priming nipple 2, the first injection nipple 3 and the second injection nipple 4 are sequentially connected from top to bottom.
The separation nipple 1 is used for connecting a delivery tool and separating an annular space between the downhole casing section milling device and the downhole casing; the self-priming nipple 2 is used for recovering abrasive particles falling when the underground casing is cut; the first jet nipple 3 is used for cutting the underground casing along the axial direction of the underground casing; the second jet sub 4 is used for annular cutting of the casing downhole in the radial direction of the casing downhole.
Illustratively, the separation nipple 1, the self-priming nipple 2, the first injection nipple 3 and the second injection nipple 4 are connected by threads. Illustratively, the delivery tool comprises a tubing or drill pipe, and the first section of tubing or drill pipe that is pre-run into the well is threadably connected to the spacer sub 1. In an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the spacer nipple 1 includes an upper joint 11, a lower joint 12, an expanding sleeve 13, and a sealing slip ring 14. Wherein, expansion type rubber cylinder 13 is located the top connection 11 below, and expansion type rubber cylinder 13's both ends link to each other with two sets of sealed slip rings 14 respectively. The lower joint 12 is connected to a sealing slip ring 14.
The upper joint 11 of the separation nipple 1 is provided with an internal thread, a sealing limit groove and a flow passage, and the upper joint 11 is provided with a liquid passage hole communicated with the inner cavity of the expansion rubber cylinder 13; the lower joint 12 is provided with external threads, a sealing limit groove and a flow passage. The upper fitting 11, the expansion cylinder 13 and the lower fitting 12 are aligned in a fluid passage.
The internal thread of the upper joint 11 is used for being connected with a ground pump station; the expansion type rubber cylinder 13 is connected with the sealing sliding ring 14 and is used for expanding to seal the annular space between the casing pipe and the separation nipple 1; the sealing sliding ring 14 is respectively sleeved on the sealing limit grooves of the upper joint 11 and the lower joint 12, so that the expansion type rubber cylinder 13 is prevented from separating from the separation nipple 1 after expanding; the external thread of the lower joint 12 is used for connecting with the self-priming nipple 2.
In an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the self-priming nipple 2 includes a built-in nozzle 21 and a self-priming extension joint 22. Wherein, the internal through-flow channel of the built-in nozzle 21 has a cone-shaped structure. The self-priming extension joint 22 is provided with a self-priming cavity and an extension channel. The outlet of the built-in nozzle 21 is connected with the self-priming cavity of the self-priming extension joint 22. The self-priming cavity of the self-priming extension joint 22 is provided with a self-priming aperture. The self-priming cavity of the self-priming extension joint 22 communicates with the annular space between the downhole casing and the self-priming nipple 2 through a self-priming orifice. The built-in nozzle 21 is used for accelerating the liquid entering the self-priming nipple 2; the self-priming cavity of the self-priming extension joint 22 is used to recover abrasive particles that fall when cutting a casing downhole; the extension channel serves to maintain the liquid velocity in the self-priming nipple 2 as it exits the self-priming chamber. Illustratively, the internal nozzle 21 and the self-priming extension joint 22 are cemented carbide materials.
In an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the first injection nipple 3 comprises an injection barrel 31, an inner barrel 32 and a nozzle 33. Wherein the inner cylinder 32 is sleeved at the middle position in the injection cylinder 31; the nozzle 33 is located in the middle of the barrel of the spray cylinder 31.
The upper and lower ends of the injection cylinder 31 have external threads. The upper end of the outer side of the injection cylinder 31 is provided with a centralizing block, the middle part is provided with a nozzle 33, and the lower part is provided with a pin hole. Two O-shaped sealing ring grooves are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end inside the injection cylinder 31. The inner diameter of the lower portion of the ejection cylinder 31 is reduced. The righting block arranged at the upper end of the outer side of the injection cylinder 31 is used for stabilizing the posture of the first injection nipple 3 when the first injection nipple 3 works, and reducing the influence of the recoil force of the abrasive particle jet on the first injection nipple 3. The lower end of the outer part of the inner cylinder 32 is provided with a groove matched with a pin hole at the lower end of the injection cylinder 31. The inner barrel 32 is internally provided with a ball seat. The diameter of the steel ball accommodated by the ball seat is smaller than the inner diameter of the extension channel in the self-priming nipple 2.
The ejector cartridge 31 is for receiving the inner cartridge 32 and providing a liquid flow path therethrough. The centering block at the upper outer end of the cartridge 31 serves to center the cartridge 31 in axial alignment with the casing. The pin holes in the lower part of the injection cylinder 31 are used to fix the inner cylinder 32 by pins. The O-ring groove inside the injection cylinder 31 is used for installing a seal ring to ensure tightness between the outer wall of the inner cylinder 32 and the inner wall of the injection cylinder 31. The middle part of the outer cylinder of the injection cylinder 31 is provided with a plurality of axial nozzles 33.
The lower end of the inner cylinder 32 is provided with a groove matched with a pin hole at the lower end of the injection cylinder 31 for accommodating a pin to fix the inner cylinder 32, and the inner cylinder 32 can slide in the injection cylinder 31 when the pin is sheared. The inner cylinder 32 is pinned in an intermediate position within the spray cylinder 31 for plugging the nozzle 33. The ball seat arranged inside the inner barrel 32 is used for accommodating the steel ball to block the overflow channel in the first jet nipple 3, so that the shearing pin is pressed.
In an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the second jet sub 4 includes an outer barrel 41, a jet rod 42 and a backing ring 43. As shown in fig. 6, the upper part of the outer cylinder 41 is an annular structure, the inner wall of the central hole of the annular structure is provided with an internal thread, and the annular structure is provided with at least two through holes surrounding the central hole; the upper end of the spray rod 42 is provided with external threads, and the upper end of the spray rod 42 is sleeved into the backing ring 43 and then connected with the internal threads of the central hole of the annular structure, so that the spray rod 42 is connected with the outer cylinder 41.
One end of the spray bar 42 is a shaft portion having external threads, and the other end of the spray bar 42 is a cone portion having a diameter larger than that of the shaft portion. When the spray bar 42 is connected to the outer cylinder 41, an annular gap is formed between the spray bar 42 and the outer cylinder 41 for the ejection of the particle jet. The backing ring 43 is annular, and is used for adjusting the depth of the rod-shaped part of the spray rod 42 connected into the outer cylinder 41 by adjusting the height of the backing ring 43, so as to adjust the width of the annular gap.
The backing ring 43 is prefabricated into different heights according to construction requirements, and different backing rings 43 are selected according to different construction requirements to form annular gaps with different widths. Illustratively, the outer barrel 41 and the spray bar 42 are both cemented carbide.
Illustratively, when the on-site construction only needs to axially cut the underground casing, the separation nipple 1, the self-priming nipple 2 and the first injection nipple 3 are sequentially connected and then are put into the position to be cut in the underground casing, so that the underground casing is axially cut. When the on-site construction only needs to carry out radial annular cutting on the underground casing, the separation nipple 1, the self-priming nipple 2 and the second injection nipple 4 are sequentially connected and then are put into the position to be cut in the underground casing, and the radial annular cutting is carried out on the underground casing. When the underground sleeve is required to be axially cut and radially and annularly cut in site construction, the separation nipple 1, the self-priming nipple 2, the first injection nipple 3 and the second injection nipple 4 are sequentially connected and then are put into the position to be cut in the underground sleeve, and the underground sleeve is axially cut and radially and annularly cut.
Illustratively, after the separation nipple 1, the self-priming nipple 2, the first injection nipple 3 and the second injection nipple 4 are sequentially connected during site construction, the first injection nipple 3 is selectively opened and/or the second injection nipple 4 cuts the downhole casing according to site construction requirements.
Illustratively, embodiments of the downhole casing section milling apparatus provided by embodiments of the present application are as follows:
after the underground casing section milling device provided by the embodiment of the application is put into the position to be cut in the underground casing, the ground pump station pumps high-pressure liquid into the separation nipple 1. When the separation nipple 1 works, high-pressure liquid enters the inner cavity of the expansion rubber cylinder 13 from the liquid passing hole of the upper joint 11, so that the expansion rubber cylinder 13 expands and drives the sealing sliding ring 14 to move outwards, and finally, the separation nipple 1 is sealed with an annular space formed by the inner wall of the underground casing.
When the separation nipple 1 finishes working, the pressure of the liquid in the separation nipple 1 is reduced, the pressure of the inner cavity of the expansion type rubber cylinder 13 is reduced, and the expansion type rubber cylinder 13 gradually contracts and releases the sealing of the annular space between the underground casing and the separation nipple 1.
High-pressure liquid enters the self-priming nipple 2 from the separation nipple 1. When the self-priming nipple 2 works, high-pressure liquid flows into the self-priming nipple 2 from the lower joint 12 of the separation nipple 1 and enters the built-in nozzle 21 of the self-priming nipple 2. As shown in fig. 3, since the flow passage of the internal nozzle 21 is tapered, the outlet cross-sectional area of the flow passage of the internal nozzle 21 is smaller than the inlet cross-sectional area of the flow passage of the internal nozzle 21, and the velocity of the high-pressure liquid increases when the high-pressure liquid is ejected from the outlet of the internal nozzle 21. The high pressure liquid accelerated through the built-in nozzle 21 enters the self-priming chamber of the self-priming extension joint 22 at high speed.
As shown in fig. 3, when the downhole casing is cut by the casing milling device, since the self-priming cavity diameter of the self-priming extension joint 22 is larger than the outlet diameter of the built-in nozzle 21, negative pressure is generated when liquid flows through the self-priming cavity at high speed. Liquid abrasive particles in a gap between the underground sleeve and the underground sleeve milling device and fragments generated by cutting the sleeve are sucked into the self-priming cavity through the self-priming hole on the self-priming cavity under the action of negative pressure in the self-priming cavity. The liquid drawn into the self-priming chamber, the abrasive particles and debris from cutting the casing downhole are re-entrained by the high velocity liquid in the self-priming chamber to form a jet of particles which is ejected from the self-priming extension connector 22 through the extension channel.
When the high-pressure liquid carries abrasive particles to be sprayed out of the self-priming nipple 2, a mode of cutting the underground casing can be selected according to site construction requirements. The mode of cutting the downhole casing includes using only the first jet nipple 3 to axially cut the downhole casing, using only the second jet nipple 4 to radially annular cut the downhole casing, and using the first jet nipple 3 to axially cut the downhole casing after using the second jet nipple 4 to radially annular cut the downhole casing.
When the first injection nipple 3 is required to axially cut the underground casing, a steel ball is put into the first injection nipple 3, and falls into a ball seat in the inner cylinder 32 to block a liquid passing channel, so that the pressure in the first injection nipple 3 is gradually increased. When the pressure increases to a certain extent, the pin fixing the inner cylinder 32 is sheared by the inner cylinder 32, and then the inner cylinder 32 moves downward. The inner diameter of the through-flow passage at the lower end of the ejection cylinder 31 is reduced. When the lower end of the inner tube 32 falls down to a position where the inner diameter of the flow passage at the lower end of the injection tube 31 is reduced, it is blocked. The inner cylinder 32 falls a distance sufficient to expose the spray nozzle 33 in the middle of the spray cylinder 31. When the inner cylinder 32 falls down, a plurality of nozzles 33 located in the middle of the injection cylinder 31 are exposed and communicate with the liquid passage of the injection cylinder 31. The high pressure liquid carrying the abrasive particles is ejected through a plurality of nozzles 33 forming a plurality of separate abrasive particle jets. Lifting the downhole casing section milling device provided by the embodiment of the application, enabling the first jet nipple 3 to ascend along the downhole casing shaft, and cutting an axial strip-shaped seam on the downhole casing by abrasive particle jet flow sprayed out of the nozzle 33.
When the second jet nipple 4 is needed to radially and annularly cut the underground sleeve, high-pressure liquid carrying abrasive particles enters the outer cylinder 41, enters an annular space between the inner wall of the outer cylinder 41 and the jet rod 42 through at least two through holes of an annular structure at the upper part of the outer cylinder 41, and is jetted from a gap at the lower part of the annular space to form continuous annular circumferential particle jet. The width of the annular gap is adjusted by adjusting the height of the backing ring 43. The underground casing section milling device provided by the embodiment of the application is lifted, so that the second injection nipple 4 ascends along the underground casing shaft, and a continuous annular seam is cut on the underground casing.
Illustratively, embodiments of the downhole casing section milling apparatus provided by embodiments of the present application are as follows:
the upper joint 11 of the separation nipple 1 is connected with a ground pump station; the lower joint 12 of the separation nipple 1 is connected with the upper end of the self-priming nipple 2 through threads; the lower end of the self-priming nipple 2 is connected with the upper end of the first injection nipple 3 through threads; the lower end of the first injection nipple 3 is connected with the upper end of the second injection nipple 4 through threads. The liquid flow channels of the separation nipple 1, the self-priming nipple 2, the first injection nipple 3 and the second injection nipple 4 are sequentially connected and aligned.
The height of the backing ring 43 of the second jet sub 4 is determined by the required cutting width for the construction requirements. The backing ring 43 with the corresponding height is selected according to the cutting width required by construction.
And (3) sending the assembled downhole casing section milling device to a position to be section milled of the downhole casing by using a delivery tool. The high-pressure liquid carrying abrasive particles are pumped into the separation nipple 1 through the ground pump station, so that the expansion type rubber cylinder 13 expands and drives the sealing sliding ring 14 to move outwards, and sealing of an annular space between the underground casing and the separation nipple 1 is completed. The high pressure liquid in the separator sub 1 carries abrasive particles into the sub 2 via the lower sub 12. The high pressure liquid carrying the abrasive particles is accelerated through the tapered straight liquid passage of the built-in nozzle 21. The high-pressure liquid carrying abrasive particles is accelerated by the built-in nozzle 21 and enters the first jet sub 3 after passing through the self-priming extension joint 22 at high speed.
In an alternative embodiment, the high pressure liquid entering the first jet sub 3 carries abrasive particles through the flow passage of the first jet sub 3 and into the second jet sub 4. And is ejected from the annular gap of the second jet nipple 4 to form a continuous annular abrasive jet. The continuous annular abrasive jet circumferentially cuts the downhole casing until cut through, forming an annular slit.
When the underground casing pipe is subjected to section milling, the separation nipple 1 of the underground casing pipe section milling device is connected with a ground pump station, and the underground casing pipe section milling device is conveyed into a preset underground position by a drill rod or an oil pipe.
And opening the ground pump station, and continuously increasing the displacement to enable the high-pressure liquid to enter the underground casing section milling device.
After the high-pressure liquid enters the separation nipple 1, the high-pressure liquid enters the inner cavity of the expansion rubber cylinder 13 through a liquid passing hole on a flow passage of the separation nipple 1. As the fluid in the inner cavity of the expansion cement 13 increases, the pressure in the expansion cement 13 increases and the expansion cement 13 expands outwardly until the annulus between the downhole casing and the separator sub 1 is sealed.
The high-pressure liquid enters the self-priming nipple 2 after passing through the separation nipple 1. The flow passage of the internal nozzle 21 in the self-priming nipple 2 is tapered, the outlet cross-sectional area of the flow passage of the internal nozzle 21 is smaller than the inlet cross-sectional area of the flow passage of the internal nozzle 21, and the speed of the high-pressure liquid when being ejected from the outlet of the internal nozzle 21 increases.
The high-pressure liquid enters the first jet nipple 3 through the self-priming extension joint 22 after being accelerated by the built-in nozzle 21 in the self-priming nipple 2. The high-pressure liquid flowing at high speed enters the second jet nipple 4 through the flow passage of the first jet nipple 3.
The high-pressure liquid enters the annular space between the spray rod 42 and the outer barrel 41 and is sprayed out of the annular gap at the lower part of the second spray nipple 4. A quantity of abrasive particles is added to the high pressure fluid such that the abrasive particles are pumped into the downhole casing length milling apparatus with the high pressure fluid.
The high-pressure liquid carries abrasive particles to be sprayed out from an annular gap at the lower part of the second spraying nipple 4 to form abrasive particle jet flow. The abrasive particle jet cuts the downhole casing until the downhole casing is completely cut through, forming an annular gap.
And after the underground sleeve is completely cut through, lifting the underground sleeve section milling device. The height of the lifting is not greater than the width of the annular gap at the lower part of the second jet nipple 4.
And repeating the operation of cutting through the underground sleeve and then lifting the underground sleeve section milling device to continuously cut through the sleeve until the complete cutting through of the sleeve with the preset length is completed. The repeated cutting through operation of the casing is continuously cutting the underground casing with preset length, and the section milling of the underground casing is completed.
As the liquid flows at high speed in the self-priming cavity of the self-priming extension joint 22 to generate negative pressure, the abrasive particles and liquid falling down when the annular abrasive jet ejected from the second jet nipple 4 cuts the sleeve are sucked into the self-priming cavity of the self-priming nipple 2 under the action of the negative pressure. The abrasive particles and liquid sucked into the self-priming cavity are mixed with the liquid passing through the self-priming cavity at high speed again, so that the abrasive particles can be recycled.
In yet another alternative embodiment, a steel ball is plunged into a downhole casing segment milling apparatus provided by embodiments of the present application. The diameter of the steel ball is not larger than the diameter of the extending channel in the self-priming pup joint 2. The steel ball enters the first jet sub 3 with the high pressure liquid and falls into the ball seat inside the inner barrel 32. The steel ball falling into the ball seat seals the liquid flowing through channel of the first jet nipple 3.
Since the liquid flow passage of the first jet nipple 3 is blocked by the steel ball, the pressure in the first jet nipple 3 gradually increases. As the pressure increases, the pins that fix the inner barrel 32 under pressure shear. The inner cylinder 32, which is not fixed, moves downward, exposing the spray nozzle 33 in the middle of the spray cylinder 31 and communicating with the liquid passing channel. The high pressure liquid carries the abrasive particles out of the jet nozzle 33, forming a plurality of separate abrasive jets. The abrasive jet from the nozzle 33 cuts the sleeve to form a plurality of side-by-side strip slits.
As the liquid flows at high speed in the self-priming cavity of the self-priming extension joint 22 to generate negative pressure, the abrasive particles and liquid falling down when the abrasive jet ejected from the first jet nipple 3 cuts the sleeve are sucked into the self-priming cavity of the self-priming nipple 2 under the action of the negative pressure. The abrasive particles and liquid sucked into the self-priming cavity are mixed with the liquid passing through the self-priming cavity at high speed again, so that the abrasive particles can be recycled.
Illustratively, embodiments of the downhole casing section milling apparatus provided by embodiments of the present application are as follows:
the upper joint 11 of the separation nipple 1 is connected with a ground pump station; the lower joint 12 of the separation nipple 1 is connected with the upper end of the self-priming nipple 2 through threads; the lower end of the self-priming nipple 2 is connected with the upper end of the first injection nipple 3 through threads; the liquid flow channels of the separation nipple 1, the self-priming nipple 2 and the first injection nipple 3 are sequentially connected and aligned. And (5) completing the assembly of the underground casing section milling device.
The assembled downhole casing length milling device is delivered to a position to be section milled in the downhole casing by a delivery tool.
After the high-pressure liquid enters the separation nipple 1, the high-pressure liquid enters the inner cavity of the expansion rubber cylinder 13 through a liquid passing hole in the separation nipple 1, so that the expansion rubber cylinder 13 expands and drives the sealing sliding ring 14 to move outwards, and sealing of an annular space between the underground casing and the separation nipple 1 is completed.
And a steel ball is thrown into the underground casing section milling device, passes through the separation nipple 1 and the self-priming nipple 2 of the underground casing section milling device along with high-pressure liquid, and finally falls into a ball seat in an inner barrel 32 in the first injection nipple 3. The steel ball falls into the ball seat to block the liquid passage of the first injection nipple 3. As the through-liquid passage is blocked, the pressure in the first injection nipple 3 gradually increases. When the pressure in the first jet nipple 3 rises to the design requirement, the pin for fixing the inner cylinder 32 at the lower part of the first jet nipple 3 is sheared by the inner cylinder 32. The inner cylinder 32, which is not pinned, slides down to expose the nozzle 33, and the liquid is ejected from the nozzle 33.
And adding abrasive particles into the high-pressure liquid, so that the high-pressure liquid carries the abrasive particles to be milled by the underground casing section milling device of the ground pump station.
High pressure liquid carrying abrasive particles enters the self-priming nipple 2 through the lower connector 12. The high pressure liquid carrying the abrasive particles is accelerated through the tapered straight liquid passage of the built-in nozzle 21. The high-pressure liquid carrying abrasive particles is accelerated by the built-in nozzle 21 and enters the first jet sub 3 after passing through the self-priming extension joint 22 at high speed.
The high pressure liquid entering the first jet sub 3 carries abrasive jet particles out of the nozzle 33 forming a plurality of separate abrasive jet particles.
The downhole casing section milling device is pulled upwards at a set speed, and a plurality of parallel strip-shaped slits are cut on the downhole casing along the axial direction of the downhole casing.
The embodiment of the application provides a device is milled to casing section in pit, through using first jet nipple and second jet nipple to spout the high-pressure liquid that carries abrasive particle, has realized utilizing the particle jet to mill the section of casing. The separation nipple of the underground casing section milling device seals the annular space between the casing and the separation nipple by utilizing the expansion of the expansion type rubber sleeve. The self-priming nipple of the underground casing section milling device accelerates high-pressure liquid by utilizing a built-in nozzle, so that the high-pressure liquid passes through a self-priming cavity at a high speed and negative pressure is generated. Under the action of negative pressure, liquid and abrasive particles which fall between the underground sleeve section milling device and the sleeve during section milling are sucked into the self-priming nipple from the self-priming nipple by the self-priming cavity and recombined with high-pressure liquid passing through at high speed, so that the abrasive particles and the liquid are recycled.
The embodiment of the application also provides a method for milling the downhole casing section, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, a separation nipple 1, a self-priming nipple 2, a first injection nipple 3 and a second injection nipple 4 of the underground casing section milling device are sequentially connected.
Step 2, conveying the underground casing section milling device to a position of a casing to be section milled by using a conveying tool; illustratively, the sleeve is 30 meters (m) in length.
And 3, injecting high-pressure liquid into the underground casing section milling device by using a ground pump station, increasing the pumping pressure and maintaining a certain displacement until the expansion type rubber cylinder 13 of the separation nipple 1 is fully opened and sealing separation is completed.
When the amount of fluid returned from the wellhead is the same as the amount of fluid injected and how much fluid is returned from the injected fluid is maintained, the spacer nipple 1 seals the annular space between the casing and spacer nipple 1.
Step 4, adding abrasive particles with a certain concentration, injecting the abrasive particles into the underground casing section milling device along with high-pressure liquid, spraying the liquid mixed with the abrasive particles from the annular gap of the second spraying nipple 4, and starting to cut the casing; illustratively, 5 kilograms (kg) of abrasive particles are added at a concentration.
And 5, sucking the particles falling from the cutting sleeve by the self-priming pup joint 2, and then spraying out the particles again by the second spraying pup joint 4 to realize the recycling of the abrasive particles until the sleeve is completely cut through.
And 6, lifting the underground casing section milling device in sequence according to the designed distance, cutting on the casing and forming annular slits which are arranged in sequence until the cutting of the casing is completed.
And 7, starting the first jet nipple 3 to enable the abrasive particle mixed high-pressure liquid to be sprayed out of the first jet nipple 3, so as to form abrasive particle jet.
And 8, controlling the underground casing section milling device according to the design speed, and axially cutting parallel strip-shaped slits on the casing until the cutting of the casing is completed.
According to the underground casing section milling method, the abrasive jet flow is utilized to complete cutting of the casing, and the problems of poor stability and low efficiency of mechanical section milling are solved.
In summary, according to the downhole casing section milling device and method provided by the embodiment of the application, abrasive particle jet flow sprayed out by the first spraying nipple and the second spraying nipple cuts the casing, and section milling of the casing is completed by lifting the downhole casing section milling device. The underground casing section milling device utilizes the abrasive particles which fall into the annular space between the casing and the underground casing section milling device when the high-pressure liquid passes through the negative pressure recovery and cutting generated in the self-suction cavity in the self-suction nipple, realizes the recycling of the abrasive particles, and solves the problems of poor stability and low efficiency of the mechanical section milling device in the related technology.
The foregoing description of the embodiments is provided for the purpose of illustration only and is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed, but on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The underground casing section milling device is characterized by comprising a separation nipple (1), a self-priming nipple (2), a first injection nipple (3) and a second injection nipple (4);
the separation nipple (1), the self-priming nipple (2), the first injection nipple (3) and the second injection nipple (4) are sequentially connected from top to bottom;
the separation nipple (1) is used for connecting a delivery tool and separating an annular space between the downhole casing section milling device and a downhole casing; the self-priming pup joint (2) is used for recovering abrasive particles falling when the underground casing is cut; the first jet nipple (3) is used for cutting the downhole casing axially along the downhole casing; the second jet nipple (4) is used for cutting the downhole casing radially and annularly along the downhole casing;
the separation nipple (1) comprises an upper joint (11), a lower joint (12), an expansion rubber cylinder (13) and a sealing sliding ring (14);
the upper joint (11) is provided with threads, a sealing limit groove and a flow passage, wherein the threads are used for connecting the separation nipple (1) and the delivery tool, and the flow passage is used for circulating liquid in the separation nipple (1); the lower joint (12) is provided with a sealing limit groove;
the expansion type rubber cylinder (13) is positioned between the upper joint (11) and the lower joint (12), and two ends of the expansion type rubber cylinder (13) are respectively connected with two groups of sealing sliding rings (14); the two groups of sealing sliding rings (14) are respectively sleeved on the sealing limit grooves of the upper joint (11) and the lower joint (12);
the first injection nipple (3) comprises an injection cylinder (31), an inner cylinder (32) and a nozzle (33);
wherein the inner cylinder (32) is sleeved at the middle position in the injection cylinder (31); the nozzle (33) is positioned in the middle of the cylinder body of the injection cylinder (31); the lower part of the outer side of the injection cylinder (31) is provided with a pin hole which is used for fixing the inner cylinder (32) through a pin; the lower end of the outer part of the inner cylinder (32) is provided with a groove matched with a pin hole at the lower end of the injection cylinder (31), and the groove is used for accommodating a pin to fix the inner cylinder (32); the inner barrel (32) is internally provided with a ball seat, the diameter of a steel ball accommodated by the ball seat is smaller than the inner diameter of an extension channel in the self-priming nipple (2), the ball seat is used for accommodating the steel ball to block an overflow channel in the first injection nipple (3), so that a shearing pin is pressed, and the first injection nipple (3) is started to axially cut a downhole casing;
the second injection nipple (4) comprises an outer cylinder (41), an injection rod (42) and a backing ring (43);
one end of the outer cylinder (41) is of an annular structure, an inner thread is arranged on the inner wall of a central hole of the annular structure, and at least two through holes are distributed around the central hole of the annular structure; one end of the spray rod (42) is a rod-shaped part with external threads, and the other end of the spray rod (42) is a cone part with the diameter larger than that of the rod-shaped part;
one end of the injection rod (42) with external threads is sleeved into the backing ring (43) and then connected with the internal threads on the inner wall of the central hole of the annular structure, so that the injection rod (42) is connected with the outer cylinder (41);
an annular gap is formed between the outer cylinder (41) and the injection rod (42), and high-pressure fluid is injected from the annular gap to form a continuous annular circumferential jet.
2. A downhole casing segment milling device according to claim 1, wherein the self-priming nipple (2) comprises a built-in nozzle (21) and a self-priming extension joint (22);
wherein, the internal through-flow channel of the said built-in nozzle (21) is the cone straight structure; the self-priming extension joint (22) is provided with a self-priming cavity and an extension channel;
the outlet of the built-in nozzle (21) is connected with the self-priming cavity of the self-priming extension joint (22);
the built-in nozzle (21) is used for accelerating liquid entering the self-priming nipple (2);
the self-priming cavity of the self-priming extension joint (22) is used for recovering abrasive particles falling when cutting the downhole casing; the extension channel is used to maintain the liquid velocity in the self-priming nipple (2) as it exits the self-priming chamber.
3. A downhole casing length milling device according to claim 1, wherein the flow passage of the separator sub (1) has a fluid passage opening communicating with the inner cavity of the expandable packing (13).
4. A downhole casing length milling device according to claim 2, wherein the built-in nozzle (21) of the self-priming nipple (2) and the self-priming extension joint (22) are of cemented carbide.
5. A downhole casing length milling device according to claim 2 or 4, wherein the self-priming cavity of the self-priming extension joint (22) is provided with a self-priming aperture;
the self-priming hole communicates the self-priming nipple (2) with an annular space between the downhole casing and the self-priming nipple (2).
6. A downhole casing length milling device according to claim 1, wherein the outer barrel (41) and the injection rod (42) of the second injection nipple (4) are both cemented carbide.
7. A method of downhole casing section milling, applied to the downhole casing section milling apparatus of any one of claims 1-6, the downhole casing section milling method comprising:
the separation nipple (1), the self-priming nipple (2), the first injection nipple (3) and the second injection nipple (4) are sequentially connected;
using the delivery tool to deliver the downhole casing section milling device to the position of the downhole casing to be section milled;
injecting liquid into the underground casing section milling device by using a ground pump station, increasing the pumping pressure and maintaining a certain displacement until the expansion type rubber cylinder (13) of the separation nipple (1) is fully opened and sealing separation is completed;
adding abrasive particles with a certain concentration into the underground casing section milling device along with liquid, spraying the liquid mixed with the abrasive particles from the annular gap of the second spraying nipple (4), and starting to cut the underground casing;
particles falling down of the cutting underground sleeve are sucked by the self-priming pup joint (2) and then sprayed out again through the second spraying pup joint (4), so that the recycling of abrasive particles is realized, and the underground sleeve is completely cut through;
lifting the underground sleeve section milling device in sequence according to a designed distance, cutting the underground sleeve and forming annular slits which are sequentially arranged until the underground sleeve is cut;
opening the first jet nipple (3) to enable the abrasive particle mixed liquid to be sprayed out of the first jet nipple (3) to form abrasive particle jet;
and (3) lowering the underground casing section milling device according to the design speed control, and utilizing abrasive particle jet flow sprayed out by the first jet nipple (3) to axially cut parallel strip-shaped slits at the position of the underground casing until the underground casing is cut.
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| NO335180B1 (en) * | 2012-03-09 | 2014-10-13 | Well Technology As | Procedure for removing feeding tubes |
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| CN101619649A (en) * | 2009-07-27 | 2010-01-06 | 西安近代化学研究所 | Non-explosive ring-shaped device for cutting metal pipes |
| WO2011031164A1 (en) * | 2009-09-10 | 2011-03-17 | Bruce Allan Flanders | Well tool and method for severing and withdrawing a pipe section from a pipe string in a well |
| CN103334723A (en) * | 2013-07-09 | 2013-10-02 | 重庆大学 | Device and method for underground coal mine hydraulic slit cutting self-suction type material abrading jet flow generation |
| CN212130439U (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-12-11 | 四川中宏瑞石油机械工程有限公司 | Underground hydraulic sand blasting cutting tool |
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