CN115246641A - Self-luminous fluorescent material in visible light region and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Self-luminous fluorescent material in visible light region and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a self-luminous fluorescent material in a visible light region and a preparation method thereof, and the method comprises the following steps of adding primary CNTs into mixed acid of concentrated sulfuric acid, concentrated nitric acid and concentrated hydrochloric acid, stirring the mixture at room temperature by using a stirrer, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment to obtain uniform solution; adding a small amount of strong oxidant into the uniform solution for multiple times, heating, stirring and preserving heat for a period of time; and (3) performing cold quenching after the heat preservation time is finished: will contain 0.3% 2 O 2 Freezing the aqueous solution into ice, placing the ice into a beaker, adding the mixed solution, stirring, and adding a proper amount of H 2 O 2 Dropping into the slowly stirred reaction mixture with a dropper until no gas appears; carrying out centrifugal washing on the mixed solution, drying and collecting a product; the invention treats the carbon nano tube by a simpler method, and leads the untied multi-wall carbon nano tube fluorescent material to be in the state of not needing functionalization and adding fluorescent substancesLuminescence at 436nm and 467nm, and self luminescence verified with metal ions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of luminescence, in particular to a fluorescent material with a multi-walled carbon nanotube capable of self-luminescence in a visible light region under ultraviolet irradiation and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Carbon nanotubes, also known as buckytubes, are one-dimensional quantum materials with a special structure (radial dimension is nanometer magnitude, axial dimension is micrometer magnitude, both ends of the tube are basically sealed). Carbon nanotubes are coaxial circular tubes consisting of several to tens of layers of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal pattern. The carbon nano tube is used as a one-dimensional nano material, has light weight, perfect connection of a hexagonal structure and a plurality of abnormal electrical and optical properties. In recent years, the extensive application prospect of the carbon nano-tube and the nano-material is continuously shown along with the research of the carbon nano-tube and the nano-material. In the prior art, the research on the fluorescence characteristics of functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes reports that the carbon nanotubes are acidified by methods such as acid reflux and the like to remove impurities, so that the carbon nanotubes can perform photoluminescence in a near infrared region and have low fluorescence intensity; or the carbon nanotube may exhibit photoluminescence in a visible light region by a functionalization treatment or addition of a fluorescent substance, but may not exhibit photoluminescence in the visible light region by itself.
Accordingly, the prior art is deficient and needs improvement.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a self-luminous fluorescent material in a visible light region and a preparation method thereof aiming at the defects of the prior art.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of a self-luminous fluorescent material in a visible light region comprises the following steps of A1, adding primary CNTs into mixed acid of concentrated sulfuric acid, concentrated nitric acid and concentrated hydrochloric acid, stirring the mixture at room temperature by using a stirrer, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment to obtain uniform solution; a2, adding a small amount of strong oxidant into the uniform solution for many times, heating, stirring and preserving heat for a period of time; and A3, performing cold quenching after the heat preservation time is finished: will contain 0.3% 2 O 2 Freezing the aqueous solution into ice, placing into a beaker, adding the mixed solution, stirring with a glass rod, A4, adding a proper amount of H 2 O 2 Dropping into the slowly stirred reaction mixture with a dropper until no gas appears; and A5, centrifugally washing the mixed solution, and drying to collect the product.
In the preparation method, in the step A1, the volume ratio of concentrated sulfuric acid to concentrated nitric acid to concentrated hydrochloric acid is 1-5:1:1.
in the preparation method, in the step A1, stirring is carried out for 10-30 min at room temperature; the ultrasonic temperature is maintained at 40 ℃, and the ultrasonic time is 10h.
In the preparation method, in the step A2, the added strong oxidant comprises one of potassium permanganate, potassium dichromate and potassium chlorate, the strong oxidant is added into the solution by 5 to 10 times according to the mass equal to 5 to 10 parts, the mass of the strong oxidant added in each time is 0.04 to 0.2g, the interval between each time is 10 to 15min, the mixture is heated to 50 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 1 to 2 hours.
In the preparation method, in the step A3, the mixed solution is subjected to cold shock after the heat preservation time is over: will contain 0.3% 2 O 2 The aqueous solution of (a) is frozen into ice and put into the mixed solution, and stirred.
The preparation method comprises the step A4 of adding 0.2ml of 30 percent H into the mixed solution 2 O 2 The solution, stirred well with a glass rod, was repeated several times until no gas appeared.
The preparation method comprises the following steps of A5, carrying out centrifugal washing on the mixed solution for multiple times, pouring out supernate after centrifuging the mixed solution for the first time, and using H during centrifuging for the second time 2 SO 4 Washing the product obtained by the first centrifugation with a solution, H 2 SO 4 The solution is prepared by distilled water and concentrated sulfuric acid with the volume ratio of 1-3: 1; and (3) performing centrifugal washing on the product obtained by the second centrifugation for 5-10 times by using distilled water, performing pH test on the supernatant obtained by the centrifugation, finishing the washing when the pH value is 6, drying and collecting the product, and thus obtaining the multi-walled carbon nanotube fluorescent material capable of self-illuminating in a visible light region.
In the preparation method, in the step A5, the multiwalled carbon nanotube fluorescent materials with different diameters are respectively uCNT-15, uCNT-23 and uCNT-45 which are obtained by centrifuging at different rotating speeds of 5000-10000 r/min and respectively correspond to the carbon nanotubes with the average diameters of 10-20nm, 20-30nm and 30-50 nm.
A multi-walled carbon nanotube fluorescent material capable of self-luminescence in the visible light region, obtained by any one of the methods; the diameter after the untwisting is expanded to 30 nm-60 nm; the multi-wall carbon nano tube fluorescent material can carry various oxygen-containing groups such as hydroxyl and carboxyl at the tearing edge by a zipper releasing method, so that defects are increased, and meanwhile, the band gap value of the carbon nano tube can be improved.
By the method, the carbon nano tube is processed by a simpler method, so that the untied multi-wall carbon nano tube fluorescent material emits light at 436nm and 467nm without functionalization and addition of fluorescent substances, and the self-luminescence of the untied multi-wall carbon nano tube fluorescent material is verified by metal ions.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a TEM image of the pristine multi-walled carbon nanotube CNT-15 and the untwisted multi-walled carbon nanotube fluorescent material uCNT-15 with the best untwisting effect.
FIG. 2 is an XPS spectrum of pristine multi-walled carbon nanotubes and unwrapped multi-walled carbon nanotube phosphor.
FIG. 3 shows excitation spectrum (a) and emission spectrum (b) of the unzipped multiwalled carbon nanotube fluorescent material s.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the fluorescence emission of the multi-walled carbon nanotube fluorescent material CNT-15 with the best untwisting effect in the presence of different metal ions at different concentrations.
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
Adding concentrated sulfuric acid into a three-neck flask: concentrated nitric acid: the volume ratio of concentrated hydrochloric acid is 1:1:1 of 36ml of a strong acid solution and 0.2g of pristine multi-walled carbon nanotubes CNT-15 (CNT-15, CNT-23 and CNT-45, respectively corresponding to carbon nanotubes having an average diameter of 10-20nm, 20-30nm and 30-50 nm), stirring at room temperature for 30min, and then performing ultrasound for 10h, wherein the ultrasound temperature is maintained at about 40 ℃. After the ultrasound is finished, 5 parts of potassium permanganate with the same mass and 0.2g are added, the interval is 10min each time, after the potassium permanganate is added, the mixed solution is heated to 50 ℃, the temperature is kept for 2h, and the temperature is not higher than 50 ℃. And (3) performing cold shock after the heat preservation time is over: will contain 0.3% 2 O 2 The aqueous solution of (2) was frozen into ice and placed in a beaker, and the mixed solution was added and stirred with a glass rod. 0.2ml of 30% H was added to the mixed solution 2 O 2 The solution was stirred well with a glass rod and the above addition of 0.2ml of 30% H was repeated several times 2 O 2 Manipulation of solutionsThis was done until no gas was present. Then the mixed solution is centrifugally washed for a plurality of times, and the supernatant is poured off after the mixed solution is centrifuged for the first time, and H is needed during the centrifugation for the second time 2 SO 4 The solution (1: 1 ratio of distilled water to concentrated sulfuric acid) was used to wash the product from the first centrifugation. And (3) performing multiple times of centrifugal washing on the product obtained by the second centrifugation by using pure water, performing a pH test on the supernatant obtained by the centrifugation, wherein the pH value is 6, drying and collecting the product after the washing is finished, and performing XPS test analysis on CNTs and uCNTs with different diameters.
Example 2
Adding concentrated sulfuric acid into a three-neck flask: concentrated nitric acid: the volume ratio of concentrated hydrochloric acid is 2:1:1 of 36ml of strong acid solution and 0.2g of original multi-walled carbon nanotube CNT-23, stirring for 20min at normal temperature, maintaining the ultrasonic temperature at about 40 ℃, and then performing ultrasonic treatment for 10h. After the ultrasonic treatment is finished, 5 parts of potassium dichromate with the same mass, 0.2g, is added, the interval is 10min each time, after the potassium dichromate is added, the mixed solution is heated to 50 ℃, the temperature is kept for 2h, and the temperature is not higher than 50 ℃. And (3) performing cold shock after the heat preservation time is over: will contain 0.3% of H 2 O 2 The aqueous solution was frozen into ice and placed in a beaker, and the mixed solution was added and stirred with a glass rod. 0.2ml of 30% H was added to the mixed solution 2 O 2 The solution was stirred well with a glass rod and the above addition of 0.2ml of 30% H was repeated several times 2 O 2 The solution was worked up until no gas was present. Then the mixed solution is centrifugally washed for a plurality of times, and the supernatant is poured off after the mixed solution is centrifuged for the first time, and H is needed during the centrifugation for the second time 2 SO 4 The solution (distilled water to concentrated sulfuric acid ratio of 2: 1) was used to wash the product from the first centrifugation. And (4) performing multiple times of centrifugal washing on the product obtained by the second centrifugation by using pure water, performing a pH test on the supernatant obtained by the centrifugation, wherein the pH value is 6, and drying and collecting the product after the washing is finished. The XPS test analysis was performed for CNTs and uCNTs of different diameters.
Example 3
Adding concentrated sulfuric acid into a three-neck flask: concentrated nitric acid:the volume ratio of concentrated hydrochloric acid is 3:1:1, 36ml of strong acid solution and 0.2g of original multi-walled carbon nanotube CNT-45, stirring for 10min at normal temperature, maintaining the ultrasonic temperature at about 40 ℃, and then carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 10h. After the ultrasound is finished, adding 5 parts of potassium chlorate with the same mass of 0.2g at intervals of 10min, heating the mixed solution to 50 ℃ after the potassium chlorate is added, and preserving heat for 2h, wherein the temperature is not higher than 50 ℃. And (3) performing cold quenching after the heat preservation time is finished: will contain 0.3% 2 O 2 The aqueous solution was frozen into ice and placed in a beaker, and the mixed solution was added and stirred with a glass rod. 0.2ml of 30% H was added to the mixed solution 2 O 2 The solution was stirred well with a glass rod and the above addition of 0.2ml of 30% H was repeated several times 2 O 2 The solution was worked up until no gas was present. Then the mixed solution is centrifugally washed for a plurality of times, and the supernatant is poured off after the mixed solution is centrifuged for the first time, and H is needed during the centrifugation for the second time 2 SO 4 The solution (distilled water to concentrated sulfuric acid ratio of 2: 1) was used to wash the product from the first centrifugation. And (4) performing centrifugal washing on the product obtained by the second centrifugation for multiple times by using pure water, performing a pH test on the supernatant obtained by the centrifugation, wherein the pH value is 6, and drying and collecting the product after the washing is finished. XPS test analysis was performed on CNTs and uCNTs of different diameters.
The following test data for examples 1-3 are presented:
FIG. 1 is a TEM image of the pristine multi-walled carbon nanotube CNT-15 and the untwisted multi-walled carbon nanotube fluorescent material uCNT-15 with the best untwisting effect. The XPS test analysis of CNTs and uCNTs with different diameters shows that the oxygen content of the multi-walled carbon nanotube is increased after the multi-walled carbon nanotube is unzipped, oxygen-containing groups are introduced, and the difference of the unzipping degree of the carbon nanotube can be judged according to the difference of the oxygen content, wherein the larger the oxygen content is, the higher the unzipping degree is, and FIG. 2 is an XPS spectrogram of the original multi-walled carbon nanotube and the unzipped multi-walled carbon nanotube fluorescent material.
Detecting the photoluminescence spectra of the unwrapped multiwalled carbon nanotube fluorescent material obtained at an excitation wavelength of 331nm at room temperature, FIG. 3 is an unwrapped multiwalled carbon nanotubeTube fluorescent material excitation spectra and emission spectra. The higher the oxygen content, the more defects in the sample and the higher the fluorescence intensity, and the highest oxygen content of the uCNT-15 was found from the detected XPS data. Selecting multi-wall carbon nano tube fluorescent material CNT-15 with best untwisting effect, dispersing the multi-wall carbon nano tube fluorescent material CNT-15 in pure water, preparing the untwisted multi-wall carbon nano tube fluorescent material into aqueous solution with the concentration of 0.024mg/ml, and respectively dropwise adding Zn with different concentrations 2+ ,Co 2+ ,Ni 2+ And Mn 2+ When metal ions are plasma and the fluorescence quenching conditions of the multiwall carbon nanotube aqueous solution are compared in the presence of different metal ions, FIG. 4 shows that the multiwall carbon nanotube fluorescent material CNT-15 with the best untwisting effect has different Zn concentrations 2+ ,Co 2+ ,Ni 2+ And Mn 2+ Fluorescence emission pattern in the presence of plasma metal ions.
Example 4
Adding concentrated sulfuric acid into a three-neck flask: concentrated nitric acid: the volume ratio of concentrated hydrochloric acid is 4:1:1 of 36ml of strong acid solution and 0.2g of original multi-walled carbon nanotube CNT-15, stirring for 30min at normal temperature, maintaining the ultrasonic temperature at about 40 ℃, and then performing ultrasonic treatment for 10h. After the ultrasound is finished, 5 parts of potassium permanganate with the same mass and 0.16g are added, the interval is 10min each time, after the potassium permanganate is added, the mixed solution is heated to 50 ℃, the temperature is kept for 2h, and the temperature is not higher than 50 ℃. And (3) performing cold shock after the heat preservation time is over: will contain 0.3% 2 O 2 The aqueous solution was frozen into ice and placed in a beaker, and the mixed solution was added and stirred with a glass rod. 0.2ml of 30% H was added to the mixed solution 2 O 2 The solution was stirred well with a glass rod and the above addition of 0.2ml of 30% H was repeated several times 2 O 2 The solution was worked up until no gas was present. Then the mixed solution is centrifugally washed for a plurality of times, and the supernatant is poured off after the mixed solution is centrifuged for the first time, and H is needed during the centrifugation for the second time 2 SO 4 The solution (3: 1 ratio of distilled water to concentrated sulfuric acid) was used to wash the product from the first centrifugation. Centrifuging and washing the product obtained by the second centrifugation for multiple times with pure water, performing pH test on the supernatant obtained by the centrifugation to obtain a pH value of 6, and washing to obtain the productDrying and collecting.
Example 5
Adding concentrated sulfuric acid into a three-neck flask: concentrated nitric acid: the volume ratio of concentrated hydrochloric acid is 5:1:1, 36ml of strong acid solution and 0.2g of original multi-walled carbon nanotube CNT-23, stirring for 20min at normal temperature, maintaining the ultrasonic temperature at about 40 ℃, and then carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 10h. After the ultrasound is finished, 5 parts of potassium permanganate with the same mass and 0.12g are added, the interval is 10min each time, after the potassium permanganate is added, the mixed solution is heated to 50 ℃, the temperature is kept for 2h, and the temperature is not higher than 50 ℃. And (3) performing cold shock after the heat preservation time is over: will contain 0.3% 2 O 2 The aqueous solution was frozen into ice and placed in a beaker, and the mixed solution was added and stirred with a glass rod. 0.2ml of 30% H was added to the mixed solution 2 O 2 The solution was stirred well with a glass rod and the addition of 0.2ml of 30% H was repeated several times 2 O 2 The solution was worked up until no gas was present. Then the mixed solution is centrifugally washed for a plurality of times, and the supernatant is poured off after the mixed solution is centrifuged for the first time, and H is needed during the centrifugation for the second time 2 SO 4 The solution (3: 1 ratio of distilled water to concentrated sulfuric acid) was used to wash the product from the first centrifugation. And (4) performing centrifugal washing on the product obtained by the second centrifugation for multiple times by using pure water, performing a pH test on the supernatant obtained by the centrifugation, wherein the pH value is 6, and drying and collecting the product after the washing is finished.
It will be understood that modifications and variations can be made by persons skilled in the art in light of the above teachings and all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A preparation method of a self-luminous fluorescent material in a visible light region is characterized by comprising the following steps of A1, adding primary CNTs into mixed acid of concentrated sulfuric acid, concentrated nitric acid and concentrated hydrochloric acid, stirring the mixture at room temperature by using a stirrer, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment to obtain uniform solution; a2, adding a small amount of strong oxidant into the uniform solution for multiple times, heating, stirring and preserving heat for a period of time; a3, during heat preservationAnd (3) performing cold quenching after the time is finished: will contain 0.3% of H 2 O 2 Freezing the aqueous solution into ice, placing the ice into a beaker, adding the mixed solution, stirring, A4, adding a proper amount of H 2 O 2 Dropping into the slowly stirred reaction mixture with a dropper until no gas appears; and A5, centrifugally washing the mixed solution, and drying to collect the product.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step A1, the volume ratio of concentrated sulfuric acid, concentrated nitric acid, and concentrated hydrochloric acid is 1 to 5:1:1.
3. the preparation method according to claim 1, wherein in step A1, stirring is performed at room temperature for 10 to 30min; the ultrasonic temperature is maintained at 40 ℃ and the ultrasonic time is 10h.
4. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein in the step A2, the added strong oxidant comprises one of potassium permanganate, potassium dichromate and potassium chlorate, the strong oxidant is added into the solution in 5-10 times according to 5-10 parts by mass, the mass of the added oxidant is 0.04-0.2 g each time, the interval between each time is 10-15 min, the solution is heated to 50 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 1-2 h.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step A3, the mixed solution is quenched after the holding time is over: will contain 0.3% of H 2 O 2 The aqueous solution of (a) is frozen into ice and put into the mixed solution, and stirred.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein 0.2ml of 30% H is added to the mixed solution in step A4 2 O 2 The solution, stirred well with a glass rod, was repeated several times until no gas appeared.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step A5, the mixed solution is centrifugally washed a plurality of times, and after the mixed solution is centrifuged for the first time, the supernatant is centrifugedThe liquid is poured off and, during the second centrifugation, H is used 2 SO 4 Washing the product of the first centrifugation with a solution, H 2 SO 4 The solution is prepared by distilled water and concentrated sulfuric acid with the volume ratio of 1-3: 1; and (3) centrifugally washing the product obtained by the second centrifugation for 5-10 times by using distilled water, carrying out pH test on the supernatant obtained by the centrifugation, finishing the washing when the pH value is 6, drying and collecting the product, and thus obtaining the multi-walled carbon nanotube fluorescent material capable of self-illuminating in a visible light region.
8. The preparation method of claim 7, wherein in step A5, the multi-walled carbon nanotube fluorescent materials with different diameters are respectively uCNT-15, uCNT-23 and uCNT-45 obtained by centrifugation at different rotation speeds of 5000-10000 r/min, and the average diameters of the multi-walled carbon nanotube fluorescent materials are respectively 10-20nm, 20-30nm and 30-50 nm.
9. A multi-walled carbon nanotube fluorescent material capable of self-luminescence in the visible light region, obtained by the method of any one of claims 1 to 8; the diameter after untwisting is expanded to 30 nm-60 nm; the multi-wall carbon nanotube fluorescent material can carry various oxygen-containing groups such as hydroxyl and carboxyl on the torn edge by a zipper releasing method, so that the defects are increased, and the band gap value of the carbon nanotube can be increased.
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