CN115246326A - Electrified railway vehicle-mounted-ground hybrid energy storage system and energy management method - Google Patents
Electrified railway vehicle-mounted-ground hybrid energy storage system and energy management method Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/53—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells in combination with an external power supply, e.g. from overhead contact lines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
- B60L15/007—Physical arrangements or structures of drive train converters specially adapted for the propulsion motors of electric vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L55/00—Arrangements for supplying energy stored within a vehicle to a power network, i.e. vehicle-to-grid [V2G] arrangements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
- B60L7/10—Dynamic electric regenerative braking
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60M—POWER SUPPLY LINES, AND DEVICES ALONG RAILS, FOR ELECTRICALLY- PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60M3/00—Feeding power to supply lines in contact with collector on vehicles; Arrangements for consuming regenerative power
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61C—LOCOMOTIVES; MOTOR RAILCARS
- B61C3/00—Electric locomotives or railcars
- B61C3/02—Electric locomotives or railcars with electric accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
- B60L2200/26—Rail vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
Abstract
The invention provides a vehicle-mounted and ground hybrid energy storage system of an electrified railway and an energy management method, wherein the energy storage system consists of a vehicle-mounted high-power energy storage system arranged on an electric locomotive and a ground-mounted high-energy-density energy storage system arranged on a traction substation, the energy management method can automatically judge the operation working condition of the locomotive, the charge state of the energy storage system is used as an important criterion of power output, the accurate control of the absorption and release of regenerative braking energy of the energy storage system is realized according to the current real-time power of the locomotive and the charge state of an energy storage medium, the effective utilization rate of the regenerative braking energy is improved, the loss of the regenerative braking energy in transmission is reduced, the discharge depth of the energy storage medium is reduced, the service life of the energy storage system is prolonged, and the basic power supply requirement of the locomotive is met under the special emergency condition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electrified railway energy storage, in particular to a vehicle-mounted and ground hybrid energy storage system of an electrified railway and an energy management method.
Background
When the electric locomotive runs on a downhill slope in a ramp section, the train usually adopts a regenerative braking strategy, the level of a handle is reset to zero, the potential energy and the kinetic energy of the train are returned to a contact network in an electric energy mode through a traction motor working in a generator state, and the regenerative energy has three consumption modes at present: 1) The locomotive consumes the regenerative braking energy in the form of heat energy by adopting a braking resistor; 2) The regenerative braking energy is transmitted to other vehicles on the same power supply arm through a contact network to be consumed; 3) This energy is typically taken out of the way or is metered back to the power system. The method 1 and the method 3 do not effectively utilize the regenerative braking energy, so that energy loss is caused, while the method 2 has high requirements on driving planning, and the utilization efficiency of the regenerative braking energy is very low in actual operation. For energy storage media, the power density and energy density are often physical properties that are mutually contradictory. In a hybrid energy storage system, an energy management method based on a fixed threshold is usually adopted, energy storage media with large power output can be rapidly and deeply discharged, the SOC of the energy storage media rapidly drops below the threshold to stop working, and the service life of the energy storage media with battery memory effect is shortened due to frequent high-power deep discharge.
In order to improve the utilization rate of regenerative braking energy and solve the problem of electric energy quality of an electrified railway, a patent of an electrified railway energy storage type traction power supply system and a control method thereof (publication number: CN 110829435A) discloses a ground type energy storage scheme, the scheme realizes the treatment of energy storage and three-phase asymmetry through the collocation of an energy storage system and a tide controller, but the energy storage medium is single, the cooperative coordination of a plurality of energy storage media is not considered, and the energy density and the power density are difficult to be considered simultaneously; the patent CN108429276A discloses a ground type energy storage system based on a V/X traction transformer structure, which realizes the recovery of regenerative braking energy between a contact line and a steel rail, but the transmission of the regenerative braking energy needs to pass through a contact network, transmission loss can be caused due to the existence of contact network impedance, and meanwhile, the power supply to an electric locomotive is difficult under the condition of contact network failure, so that certain limitation exists; the patent CN111864774A discloses a hybrid energy storage system suitable for in-phase power supply, which has certain peak clipping and valley filling effects, but the energy management strategy is rough, only 2 charge and discharge reference values are set, the influence of the charge State (SOC) of an energy storage medium on the charge and discharge power is not considered, the service life is reduced in the engineering, and the economic operation of the system is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a vehicle-mounted and ground hybrid energy storage system and an energy management method for an electrified railway aiming at the defects of the background technology, and the following four technical problems are solved:
1. the structural composition design of the vehicle-mounted and ground hybrid energy storage system is carried out;
2. a hybrid energy storage system energy management method;
3. reducing the transmission loss of the regenerative braking energy in the traction network;
4. and emergency power supply is carried out on the locomotive under the condition of the fault of the traction power supply system.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for solving the technical problems:
the invention provides a vehicle-mounted and ground hybrid energy storage system of an electrified railway and an energy management method, which are characterized by comprising a vehicle-mounted high-power energy storage system and a ground high-capacity energy storage system; the vehicle-mounted high-power energy storage system comprises a direct-current feeder line, a direct-current bus, a bidirectional DC/DC converter and a high-power energy storage unit; the vehicle-mounted high-power energy storage system respectively leads out two groups of direct current feeders from the direct current side of an alternating current-direct current rectifying circuit of the electric locomotive, the two groups of direct current feeders are connected with a direct current bus in the electric locomotive, the left arm and the right arm of the vehicle-mounted high-power energy storage system are respectively connected with a group of bidirectional DC/DC converters, and the two groups of DC/DC converters are respectively connected with a set of energy storage units; the ground type high-capacity energy storage system comprises a single-phase step-down transformer, a railway power regulator, a direct-current feeder, a direct-current bus, a bidirectional DC/DC converter and a high-capacity energy storage unit; the ground type high-capacity energy storage system is characterized in that two groups of feeders are respectively led out from contact lines (T lines) and steel rails (R lines) of left and right arms of a traction substation and are respectively connected with a single-phase step-down transformer, outgoing lines of the two step-down transformers are connected with a railway power regulator (RPC device), a group of feeders are led out from a direct current side of an alternating current-direct current rectifying circuit of the railway power regulator and are connected with a ground direct current bus, the left and right arms are respectively led out from the direct current bus, and the feeders are respectively connected with a group of bidirectional DC/DC converters and are respectively connected with a set of energy storage units. The two sets of energy storage systems are connected with the steel rail through a contact line of the same power supply arm, and the structure of the vehicle-ground hybrid energy storage system of the electrified railway is shown in figure 1.
The electrified railway vehicle-mounted and ground hybrid energy storage system structure is characterized in that an alternating current-direct current-alternating current basic power supply structure is adopted on the electric locomotive side, wherein a four-quadrant rectification mode is adopted in an alternating current-direct current rectification link, and a pulse width modulation inversion mode is adopted in a direct current-alternating current link; the traction power supply system adopts a single-phase alternating current power frequency power supply system.
The working condition division of the electrified railway vehicle-mounted and ground hybrid energy storage system is characterized in that the working modes of a train are divided into the following steps based on a voltage transformer and a current transformer which are arranged on an electric locomotive and by taking the positive and negative of load power as a criterion: 1) Under the traction working condition, the locomotive takes energy from the traction network, converts the electric energy into kinetic energy and potential energy of the train and has traction power P qy Equal to the measured power P train (ii) a 2) Regenerative braking condition, converting kinetic energy and potential energy into electric energy, and locomotive regenerative braking power P zd Equal to the measured power P train Absolute value of (d); 3) Under the idle working condition, the kinetic energy and the potential energy of the locomotive are converted mutually, and the exchange of electric energy is not involved; simultaneously carry the vehicle to the groundThe working state of the hybrid energy storage system is divided into: 1) Under the energy feedback working condition, the energy storage system releases regenerative braking energy for the electric locomotive to use; 2) Under the energy storage working condition, the energy storage system absorbs the regenerative braking energy of the electric locomotive; 3) And under the idle working condition, the energy storage system is in a standby state and does not relate to energy input and output.
TABLE 1 symbol interpretation table
| Name of symbol | Meaning of a symbol |
| SOC s,1 | Charge state of vehicle mounted energy storage system |
| SOC s,2 | Ground energy storage system state of charge |
| SOC s,1_min | Threshold value of vehicle-mounted energy storage system in charge state |
| SOC s,2_min | Threshold value of ground energy storage system in charge state |
| SOC s,1_max | Upper threshold of charge state of vehicle-mounted energy storage system |
| SOC s,2_max | Upper threshold of ground energy storage system charge state |
| η s,1 | Vehicle-mounted energy storage system SOC self-adaptive weight |
| η s,2 | Ground energy storage system SOC self-adaptive weight |
| P qy | Traction power of electric locomotive |
| P zd | Regenerative braking power of electric locomotive |
| P s，1 | Energy feedback power of vehicle-mounted energy storage system |
| P s,2 | Energy feedback power of ground energy storage system |
| P′ s，1 | Energy storage power of vehicle-mounted energy storage system |
| P′ s,2 | Energy storage power of ground energy storage system |
| P s，1_max | Maximum energy feedback power of vehicle-mounted energy storage system |
| P s,2_max | Maximum energy feedback power of ground energy storage system |
| P′ s，1_max | Vehicle-mounted energy storage systemMaximum stored energy power |
| P′ s,2_max | Maximum energy storage power of ground energy storage system |
| P jcw | Locomotive energy taking power from contact net |
| P′ jcw | Regenerative braking energy contact net return power |
The explanation of each symbol is shown in table 1, and the division principle of the working modes of the electrified railway vehicle-ground hybrid energy storage system and the energy management method in each working mode are as follows:
a: based on the real-time power measurement of the locomotive, if the power measurement of the locomotive is greater than zero, the electric locomotive is in a traction working condition, and the traction power P of the locomotive is qy Equal to the measured power P train The energy storage system is in an energy feedback working condition to release regenerative braking energy;
a1 If locomotive traction power P qy The maximum energy feedback power of the vehicle-mounted-ground hybrid energy storage system is larger than that of the vehicle-mounted-ground hybrid energy storage system, the state of charge (SOC) of each energy storage unit is in a working range, the measurement and control unit controls the DC/DC converter to enable the vehicle-mounted energy storage system and the ground energy storage system to discharge with the maximum energy feedback power, and meanwhile, energy is taken from a contact net to supplement power shortage, and the criterion and power output are as follows:
a2 If locomotive traction power P qy When the maximum energy feedback power of the vehicle-mounted and ground hybrid energy storage system is less than or equal to the maximum energy feedback power of the vehicle-mounted and ground hybrid energy storage system and the SOC of each energy storage unit is in a working range, the system calculates the SOC self-adaptive weight of the vehicle-mounted energy storage system and the ground storageSystem SOC adaptive weights can be applied, namely:
after the SOC adaptive weights of the energy storage systems are obtained through calculation, the product of the traction power and the SOC adaptive weights of the energy storage systems is smaller than or equal to the maximum energy feed power of the energy storage systems, at the moment, the measurement and control unit controls the DC/DC converter to enable the vehicle-mounted energy storage system and the ground energy storage system to carry out regenerative braking energy output, the power is equal to the product of the traction power and the SOC adaptive weights of the energy storage systems, and the criterion and the power output are as follows:
a3 If locomotive traction power P qy The maximum energy feedback power of the vehicle-mounted-ground hybrid energy storage system is less than or equal to, the product of the traction power and the SOC adaptive weight of the vehicle-mounted energy storage system is greater than the maximum output power of the vehicle-mounted energy storage system, the product of the traction power and the SOC adaptive weight of the ground energy storage system is less than or equal to the maximum output power of the ground energy storage system, the SOC of each energy storage unit is in a working range, the DC/DC converter is controlled by the measurement and control unit to enable the vehicle-mounted energy storage system to output with the maximum energy feedback power, the ground energy storage system supplements the shortage of the traction power, and the criterion and the power output are as follows:
a4 If locomotive traction power P qy The maximum energy feed power of the vehicle-mounted and ground mixed energy storage system is less than or equal to, the product of the traction power and the SOC adaptive weight of the vehicle-mounted energy storage system is less than or equal to the maximum output power of the vehicle-mounted energy storage system, the product of the traction power and the SOC adaptive weight of the ground energy storage system is greater than the maximum output power of the ground energy storage system, the SOC of each energy storage unit is in a working range, and the measurement and control unit controls the DC/DC converter to groundThe surface energy storage system outputs the maximum energy feedback power, the vehicle-mounted energy storage system supplements the shortage of traction power, and the criterion and the power output are as follows:
a5 Under any train traction working condition, if the charge state of the vehicle-mounted energy storage system is smaller than or equal to the lower threshold value and the charge state of the ground energy storage system is within the working range, the measurement and control unit controls the DC/DC converter to enable the vehicle-mounted energy storage system to stop energy feeding, the ground energy storage system outputs the energy according to the train traction power or the maximum energy feeding power, and the criterion and the power output are as follows:
a6 Under any train traction working condition, if the charge state of the ground energy storage system is smaller than or equal to the lower threshold value and the charge state of the vehicle-mounted energy storage system is within the working range, the measurement and control unit controls the DC/DC converter to enable the ground energy storage system to stop energy feeding, the vehicle-mounted energy storage system outputs the power according to the train traction power or the maximum energy feeding power, and the criterion and the power output are as follows:
a7 Under any train traction working condition, if the charge state of each energy storage system is less than or equal to the lower threshold, the measurement and control unit controls the DC/DC converter to enable each energy storage system to stop power output, the energy storage systems work in an idle state, traction energy is completely taken from a contact network, and the criterion and the power output are as follows:
in summary, the energy management flow of the on-board-ground hybrid energy storage system of the electrified railway under the locomotive traction condition is shown in fig. 2.
B: based on the real-time power measurement of the locomotive, if the power measurement of the locomotive is less than zero, the electric locomotive is in a regenerative braking working condition, and the regenerative braking power P of the locomotive is zd Equal to the measured power P train The energy storage system is in an energy storage working condition to absorb regenerative braking energy;
b1 If locomotive regenerates braking power P zd The maximum energy storage power of the vehicle-mounted ground hybrid energy storage system is larger than that of the vehicle-mounted ground hybrid energy storage system, the state of charge (SOC) of each energy storage unit is in a working range, the measurement and control unit controls the DC/DC converter to enable the vehicle-mounted energy storage system and the ground energy storage system to absorb regenerative braking energy with the maximum energy storage power, redundant regenerative braking energy is returned to the power system from a contact network, and the criterion and power output are as follows:
b2 If locomotive regenerates braking power P zd The maximum energy storage power of the vehicle-ground hybrid energy storage system is less than or equal to, the SOC of each energy storage unit is within the working range, and the system calculates the self-adaptive weight of the SOC of the vehicle-ground hybrid energy storage system and the self-adaptive weight of the SOC of the ground hybrid energy storage system, namely:
after the SOC adaptive weights of the energy storage systems are obtained through calculation, if the product of the regenerative braking power of the train and the SOC adaptive weights of the energy storage systems is smaller than or equal to the maximum energy storage power of the energy storage systems, the measurement and control unit controls the DC/DC converter to enable the vehicle-mounted energy storage system and the ground energy storage system to store energy, the power is equal to the product of the regenerative braking power and the SOC adaptive weights of the energy storage systems, and the criterion and the power output are as follows:
b3 If locomotive regenerates braking power P zd The maximum energy storage power of the vehicle-mounted and ground hybrid energy storage system is less than or equal to, the product of the regenerative braking power and the SOC adaptive weight of the vehicle-mounted energy storage system is greater than the maximum energy storage power of the vehicle-mounted energy storage system, the product of the regenerative braking power and the SOC adaptive weight of the ground energy storage system is less than or equal to the maximum energy storage power of the ground energy storage system, the SOC of each energy storage unit is in a working range, the DC/DC converter is controlled by the measurement and control unit to enable the vehicle-mounted energy storage system to absorb the regenerative braking energy with the maximum energy storage power, the redundant regenerative braking energy is absorbed by the ground energy storage system, and the criterion and the power output are as follows:
b4 If locomotive regenerates braking power P zd The maximum energy storage power of the vehicle-mounted and ground hybrid energy storage system is less than or equal to, the product of the regenerative braking power and the SOC adaptive weight of the vehicle-mounted energy storage system is less than or equal to the maximum energy storage power of the vehicle-mounted energy storage system, the product of the regenerative braking power and the SOC adaptive weight of the ground energy storage system is greater than the maximum energy storage power of the ground energy storage system, the SOC of each energy storage unit is in a working range, the measurement and control unit controls the DC/DC converter to enable the ground energy storage system to absorb the regenerative braking energy with the maximum energy storage power, the redundant regenerative braking energy is absorbed by the vehicle-mounted energy storage system, and the criterion and the power output are as follows:
b5 Under any regenerative braking condition of the train, if the charge state of the vehicle-mounted energy storage system is greater than or equal to the upper threshold value and the charge state of the ground energy storage system is within the working range, the measurement and control unit controls the DC/DC converter to enable the vehicle-mounted energy storage system to stop storing energy, the ground energy storage system stores energy by using the regenerative braking power or the maximum energy storage power of the train, and the criterion and power output are as follows:
b6 Under any regenerative braking condition of the train, if the charge state of the vehicle-mounted energy storage system is smaller than the upper threshold value and the charge state of the ground energy storage system is larger than or equal to the upper threshold value, the measurement and control unit controls the DC/DC converter to stop the energy storage of the ground energy storage system, the vehicle-mounted energy storage system stores energy according to the regenerative braking power of the train or the maximum energy storage power, and the criterion and power output are as follows:
b7 Under any train regenerative braking working condition, if the charge state of each energy storage system is greater than or equal to the upper threshold, the measurement and control unit controls the DC/DC converter to enable each energy storage system to stop storing energy, the energy storage systems work in an idle state, all regenerative braking energy is returned to a power grid by a contact network, and the criterion and power output are as follows:
in summary, the energy management flow of the vehicle-ground hybrid energy storage system under the regenerative braking condition of the locomotive is shown in fig. 3.
C: if the measured power of the locomotive is equal to zero, the electric locomotive is in an idle working condition, the energy storage system works in the idle working condition, and the criterion and the power output are as follows:
compared with the prior art, the invention adopting the technical scheme has the following technical effects:
1. the SOC self-adaptive energy management method is suitable for hybrid energy storage systems, the power output of each energy storage system is adjusted in real time through the SOC charge state, the discharge rate of the energy storage medium is reduced, and the service life of the energy storage medium is prolonged.
2. The vehicle-mounted and ground hybrid energy storage system has higher specific energy and specific power, the energy storage capacity is greatly increased compared with that of a single super-capacitor energy storage system, the regenerative braking energy utilization efficiency is higher, and the economical efficiency is better.
3. The vehicle-mounted and ground hybrid energy storage system can reduce the loss of part of energy in transmission, and meanwhile, the vehicle-mounted and ground hybrid energy storage system can supply power to the inside of the vehicle through the vehicle-mounted energy storage equipment under the condition of traction network failure, so that the basic power utilization requirement of the inside of the vehicle is met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an on-board-ground hybrid energy storage system of an electrified railway.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of energy management of the vehicle-ground hybrid energy storage system under a locomotive traction condition.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of energy management of the vehicle-ground hybrid energy storage system under a regenerative braking condition of the locomotive.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained in detail by combining the drawings as follows:
the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
Taking the structure of the vehicle-ground hybrid energy storage system of the electrified railway shown in fig. 1 as an example, the energy output conditions under various working conditions of the train are as follows:
1) The locomotive runs under the traction working condition and has traction power P qy The maximum energy feedback power of the vehicle-mounted-ground hybrid energy storage system is larger than that of the vehicle-mounted-ground hybrid energy storage system, the charge state of each energy storage system is within the working range, and the measurement and control unit controls the DC/DC converter to enable the power output to be as follows:
2) When the locomotive runs under a traction working condition, the traction power is less than or equal to the maximum energy feed power of the vehicle-mounted-ground hybrid energy storage system, the product of the traction power and the SOC adaptive weight of each energy storage system is less than or equal to the maximum energy feed power of each energy storage system, the charge state of each energy storage system is in a working range, and the measurement and control unit controls the DC/DC converter to enable the power output to be:
3) When the locomotive runs under a traction working condition, the traction power is less than or equal to the maximum energy feed power of the vehicle-mounted and ground hybrid energy storage system, the product of the traction power and the SOC adaptive weight of the vehicle-mounted energy storage system is greater than the maximum output power of the vehicle-mounted energy storage system, the product of the traction power and the SOC adaptive weight of the ground energy storage system is less than or equal to the maximum output power of the ground energy storage system, the state of charge of each energy storage system is within a working range, and the measurement and control unit controls the DC/DC converter to output power:
4) When the locomotive runs under a traction working condition, the traction power is less than or equal to the maximum energy feed power of the vehicle-mounted and ground hybrid energy storage system, the product of the traction power and the SOC adaptive weight of the vehicle-mounted energy storage system is less than or equal to the maximum output power of the vehicle-mounted energy storage system, the product of the traction power and the SOC adaptive weight of the ground energy storage system is greater than the maximum output power of the ground energy storage system, the state of charge of each energy storage system is within a working range, and the measurement and control unit controls the DC/DC converter to output power as follows:
5) When the locomotive runs under a traction working condition, the charge state of the vehicle-mounted energy storage system is less than or equal to a lower threshold value, the charge state of the ground energy storage system is in a working range, and the measurement and control unit controls the DC/DC converter to output power as follows:
6) When the locomotive runs under a traction working condition, the charge state of the ground energy storage system is less than or equal to a lower threshold value, the charge state of the vehicle-mounted energy storage system is within a working range, and the measurement and control unit controls the DC/DC converter to output power as follows:
7) When the locomotive runs under the traction working condition, the charge state of the vehicle-mounted energy storage system and the charge state of the ground energy storage system are less than or equal to a lower threshold value SOC min And the measurement and control unit controls the DC/DC converter to output power as follows:
8) When the locomotive runs under the regenerative braking working condition, the regenerative braking power is greater than the maximum energy storage power of the vehicle-mounted ground hybrid energy storage system, the charge state of each energy storage system is in the working range, and the measurement and control unit controls the DC/DC converter to enable the power output to be as follows:
9) When the locomotive runs under the regenerative braking working condition, the regenerative braking power is less than or equal to the maximum energy storage power of the vehicle-mounted-ground hybrid energy storage system, the product of the regenerative braking power of the train and the SOC adaptive weight of each energy storage system is less than or equal to the maximum energy storage power of each energy storage system, the charge state of each energy storage system is in a working range, and the measurement and control unit controls the DC/DC converter to enable the power output to be:
10 When the locomotive runs under the regenerative braking working condition, the regenerative braking power is less than or equal to the maximum energy storage power of the vehicle-ground hybrid energy storage system, the product of the regenerative braking power and the SOC adaptive weight of the vehicle-mounted energy storage system is greater than the maximum energy storage power of the vehicle-mounted energy storage system, the product of the regenerative braking power and the SOC adaptive weight of the ground energy storage system is less than or equal to the maximum energy storage power of the ground energy storage system, the SOC of each energy storage unit is in the working range, and the measurement and control unit controls the DC/DC converter to output power as follows:
11 When the locomotive runs in a regenerative braking working condition, the regenerative braking power is less than or equal to the maximum energy storage power of the vehicle-mounted and ground hybrid energy storage system, the product of the regenerative braking power and the SOC adaptive weight of the vehicle-mounted energy storage system is less than or equal to the maximum energy storage power of the vehicle-mounted energy storage system, the product of the regenerative braking power and the SOC adaptive weight of the ground energy storage system is greater than the maximum energy storage power of the ground energy storage system, the SOC of each energy storage unit is in a working range, and the measurement and control unit controls the DC/DC converter to enable the power output to be:
12 When the locomotive operates under the regenerative braking condition, the charge state of the vehicle-mounted energy storage system is greater than or equal to the upper threshold value, the charge state of the ground energy storage system is within the working range, and the measurement and control unit controls the DC/DC converter to output power as follows:
13 When the locomotive operates under the regenerative braking condition, the charge state of the vehicle-mounted energy storage system is smaller than the upper threshold value, the charge state of the ground energy storage system is larger than or equal to the upper threshold value, and the measurement and control unit controls the DC/DC converter to output power as follows:
14 When the locomotive runs under the regenerative braking condition, the SOC of the charge states of the vehicle-mounted energy storage system and the ground energy storage system are both more than or equal to the upper threshold SOC max And the measurement and control unit controls the DC/DC converter to output power as follows:
15 When the locomotive runs under the idle working condition, the measurement and control unit controls the DC/DC converter to output power as follows:
it will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
The above-mentioned embodiments, objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are further described in detail, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A vehicle-mounted and ground hybrid energy storage system structure of an electrified railway is characterized by comprising a vehicle-mounted high-power energy storage system and a ground high-capacity energy storage system; the vehicle-mounted high-power energy storage system comprises a direct-current feeder, a direct-current bus, a bidirectional DC/DC converter and a high-power energy storage unit; the vehicle-mounted high-power energy storage system respectively leads out two groups of direct current feeders from the direct current side of an alternating current-direct current rectification circuit of the electric locomotive, the two groups of direct current feeders are connected with a direct current bus in the locomotive, then the left arm and the right arm are led out and respectively connected with a group of bidirectional DC/DC converters, and the two groups of DC/DC converters are respectively connected with a set of energy storage units; the ground type high-capacity energy storage system comprises a single-phase step-down transformer, a railway power regulator, a direct-current feeder, a direct-current bus, a bidirectional DC/DC converter and a high-capacity energy storage unit; the ground type high-capacity energy storage system is characterized in that two groups of feeders are respectively led out from contact lines (T lines) and steel rails (R lines) of left and right arms of a traction substation and are respectively connected with a single-phase step-down transformer, outgoing lines of the two step-down transformers are connected with a railway power regulator (RPC device), a group of feeders are led out from a direct current side of an alternating current-direct current rectifying circuit of the railway power regulator and are connected with a ground direct current bus, the left and right arms are respectively led out from the direct current bus, and the feeders are respectively connected with a group of bidirectional DC/DC converters and are respectively connected with a set of energy storage units. The two energy storage systems are connected with the steel rail through a contact line of the same power supply arm.
2. The electric railway vehicle-ground hybrid energy storage system structure of claim 1, wherein the electric locomotive side adopts an ac-dc-ac basic power supply structure, wherein an ac-dc rectifying link adopts a four-quadrant rectifying mode, and a dc-ac link adopts a pulse width modulation inversion mode; the traction power supply system adopts a single-phase alternating current power frequency power supply system.
3. The basic working condition division of the on-board-ground hybrid energy storage system of the electrified railway according to claim 1, wherein the train working modes are divided based on the positive and negative load powers of voltage transformers and current transformers arranged on the electric locomotives: 1) Under the traction working condition, the locomotive takes energy from the traction network, converts the electric energy into kinetic energy and potential energy of the train and has traction power P qy Equal to the measured power P train (ii) a 2) Regenerative braking condition, converting kinetic energy and potential energy into electric energy, and regenerative braking power of locomotiveP zd Equal to the measured power P train Absolute value of (d); 3) Under the idle working condition, the kinetic energy and the potential energy of the locomotive are converted mutually, and the exchange of electric energy is not involved; meanwhile, the working states of the vehicle-mounted and ground hybrid energy storage system are divided into: 1) Under the energy feedback working condition, the energy storage system releases regenerative braking energy for the electric locomotive to use; 2) Under the energy storage working condition, the energy storage system absorbs the regenerative braking energy of the electric locomotive; 3) And under the idle working condition, the energy storage system is in a standby state and does not relate to energy input and output.
4. The basic working condition division according to claim 3, wherein the division principle of the working modes of the electrified railway vehicle-ground hybrid energy storage system and the energy management method under each working mode are as follows:
a: based on the real-time power measurement of the locomotive, if the power measurement of the locomotive is greater than zero, the electric locomotive is in a traction working condition, and the traction power P of the locomotive is qy Equal to the measured power P train The energy storage system is in an energy feedback working condition to release regenerative braking energy;
a1 If locomotive traction power P qy The maximum energy feedback power of the vehicle-mounted-ground hybrid energy storage system is larger than that of the vehicle-mounted-ground hybrid energy storage system, the state of charge (SOC) of each energy storage unit is in a working range, the measurement and control unit controls the DC/DC converter to enable the vehicle-mounted energy storage system and the ground energy storage system to discharge with the maximum energy feedback power, and meanwhile, energy is taken from a contact net to supplement power shortage, and the criterion and power output are as follows:
a2 If locomotive traction power P qy The maximum energy feedback power of the vehicle-mounted and ground hybrid energy storage system is less than or equal to, and the state of charge (SOC) of each energy storage unit is in a working range, the system calculates the adaptive weight of the SOC of the vehicle-mounted energy storage system and the adaptive weight of the SOC of the ground energy storage system, namely:
after the SOC adaptive weights of the energy storage systems are obtained through calculation, the product of the traction power and the SOC adaptive weights of the energy storage systems is smaller than or equal to the maximum energy feed power of the energy storage systems, at the moment, the measurement and control unit controls the DC/DC converter to enable the vehicle-mounted energy storage system and the ground energy storage system to carry out regenerative braking energy output, the power is equal to the product of the traction power and the SOC adaptive weights of the energy storage systems, and the criterion and the power output are as follows:
a3 If locomotive traction power P qy The maximum energy feedback power of the vehicle-mounted-ground hybrid energy storage system is less than or equal to, the product of the traction power and the SOC adaptive weight of the vehicle-mounted energy storage system is greater than the maximum output power of the vehicle-mounted energy storage system, the product of the traction power and the SOC adaptive weight of the ground energy storage system is less than or equal to the maximum output power of the ground energy storage system, the SOC of each energy storage unit is in a working range, the DC/DC converter is controlled by the measurement and control unit to enable the vehicle-mounted energy storage system to output with the maximum energy feedback power, the ground energy storage system supplements the shortage of the traction power, and the criterion and the power output are as follows:
a4 If locomotive traction power P qy The maximum energy feedback power of the vehicle-mounted-ground hybrid energy storage system is less than or equal to, the product of the traction power and the SOC adaptive weight of the vehicle-mounted energy storage system is less than or equal to the maximum output power of the vehicle-mounted energy storage system, the product of the traction power and the SOC adaptive weight of the ground energy storage system is greater than the maximum output power of the ground energy storage system, the SOC of each energy storage unit is in a working range, the measurement and control unit controls the DC/DC converter to enable the ground energy storage system to output with the maximum energy feedback power, the vehicle-mounted energy storage system supplements the shortage of the traction power, and the criterion and the power output are as follows:
a5 Under any train traction working condition, if the charge state of the vehicle-mounted energy storage system is smaller than or equal to the lower threshold value and the charge state of the ground energy storage system is within the working range, the measurement and control unit controls the DC/DC converter to enable the vehicle-mounted energy storage system to stop energy feeding, the ground energy storage system outputs the energy according to the train traction power or the maximum energy feeding power, and the criterion and the power output are as follows:
a6 Under any train traction working condition, if the charge state of the ground energy storage system is smaller than or equal to the lower threshold value and the charge state of the vehicle-mounted energy storage system is within the working range, the measurement and control unit controls the DC/DC converter to enable the ground energy storage system to stop energy feeding, the vehicle-mounted energy storage system outputs the power according to the train traction power or the maximum energy feeding power, and the criterion and the power output are as follows:
a7 Under any train traction working condition, if the charge state of each energy storage system is less than or equal to the lower threshold, the measurement and control unit controls the DC/DC converter to enable each energy storage system to stop power output, the energy storage systems work in an idle state, traction energy is completely taken from a contact network, and the criterion and the power output are as follows:
b: based on the real-time power measurement of the locomotive, if the power measurement of the locomotive is less than zero, the electric locomotive is in a regenerative braking working condition, and the regenerative braking power P of the locomotive is zd Equal to the measured power P train Is absolute ofThe energy storage system is in an energy storage working condition, and the regenerative braking energy is absorbed;
b1 If locomotive regenerates braking power P zd The maximum energy storage power of the vehicle-mounted ground hybrid energy storage system is larger than that of the vehicle-mounted ground hybrid energy storage system, the state of charge (SOC) of each energy storage unit is in a working range, the measurement and control unit controls the DC/DC converter to enable the vehicle-mounted energy storage system and the ground energy storage system to absorb regenerative braking energy with the maximum energy storage power, redundant regenerative braking energy is returned to the power system from a contact network, and the criterion and power output are as follows:
b2 If locomotive regenerates braking power P zd The maximum energy storage power of the vehicle-ground hybrid energy storage system is less than or equal to, the SOC of each energy storage unit is within the working range, and the system calculates the self-adaptive weight of the SOC of the vehicle-ground hybrid energy storage system and the self-adaptive weight of the SOC of the ground hybrid energy storage system, namely:
after the SOC adaptive weights of the energy storage systems are obtained through calculation, if the product of the regenerative braking power of the train and the SOC adaptive weights of the energy storage systems is smaller than or equal to the maximum energy storage power of the energy storage systems, the measurement and control unit controls the DC/DC converter to enable the vehicle-mounted energy storage system and the ground energy storage system to store energy, the power is equal to the product of the regenerative braking power and the SOC adaptive weights of the energy storage systems, and the criterion and the power output are as follows:
b3 If locomotive regenerates braking power P zd The maximum energy storage power of the vehicle-mounted-ground hybrid energy storage system is less than or equal to, and the product of the regenerative braking power and the SOC self-adaptive weight of the vehicle-mounted energy storage system is greater than that of the vehicle-mounted energy storage systemThe maximum energy storage power, the product of the regenerative braking power and the adaptive weight of the ground energy storage system SOC is less than or equal to the maximum energy storage power of the ground energy storage system, the state of charge SOC of each energy storage unit is in a working range, the measurement and control unit controls the DC/DC converter to enable the vehicle-mounted energy storage system to absorb the regenerative braking energy with the maximum energy storage power, the redundant regenerative braking energy is absorbed by the ground energy storage system, and the criterion and the power output are as follows:
b4 If locomotive regenerates braking power P zd The maximum energy storage power of the vehicle-mounted and ground hybrid energy storage system is less than or equal to, the product of the regenerative braking power and the SOC adaptive weight of the vehicle-mounted energy storage system is less than or equal to the maximum energy storage power of the vehicle-mounted energy storage system, the product of the regenerative braking power and the SOC adaptive weight of the ground energy storage system is greater than the maximum energy storage power of the ground energy storage system, the SOC of each energy storage unit is in a working range, the measurement and control unit controls the DC/DC converter to enable the ground energy storage system to absorb the regenerative braking energy with the maximum energy storage power, the redundant regenerative braking energy is absorbed by the vehicle-mounted energy storage system, and the criterion and the power output are as follows:
b5 Under any regenerative braking condition of the train, if the charge state of the vehicle-mounted energy storage system is greater than or equal to the upper threshold value and the charge state of the ground energy storage system is within the working range, the measurement and control unit controls the DC/DC converter to enable the vehicle-mounted energy storage system to stop storing energy, the ground energy storage system stores energy by using the regenerative braking power or the maximum energy storage power of the train, and the criterion and power output are as follows:
b6 Under any regenerative braking condition of the train, if the charge state of the vehicle-mounted energy storage system is smaller than the upper threshold and the charge state of the ground energy storage system is greater than or equal to the upper threshold, the measurement and control unit controls the DC/DC converter to stop the energy storage of the ground energy storage system, the vehicle-mounted energy storage system stores energy according to the regenerative braking power of the train or the maximum energy storage power, and the criterion and the power output are as follows:
b7 Under any train regenerative braking working condition, if the charge state of each energy storage system is more than or equal to the upper threshold, the measurement and control unit controls the DC/DC converter to enable each energy storage system to stop storing energy, the energy storage systems work in an idle state, all regenerative braking energy is returned to a power grid by a contact network, and the criterion and power output are as follows:
c: if the measured power of the locomotive is equal to zero, the electric locomotive is in an idle working condition, the energy storage system works in the idle working condition, and the criterion and the power output are as follows:
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