CN115243328A - QoS guarantee method for mobile ad hoc network based on packet multiplexing - Google Patents
QoS guarantee method for mobile ad hoc network based on packet multiplexing Download PDFInfo
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- CN115243328A CN115243328A CN202210840301.XA CN202210840301A CN115243328A CN 115243328 A CN115243328 A CN 115243328A CN 202210840301 A CN202210840301 A CN 202210840301A CN 115243328 A CN115243328 A CN 115243328A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
- H04W28/16—Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
- H04W28/24—Negotiating SLA [Service Level Agreement]; Negotiating QoS [Quality of Service]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
- H04W28/16—Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
- H04W28/26—Resource reservation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to a QoS (quality of service) guarantee method for a mobile ad hoc network based on packet multiplexing. When the business transmission is formally initiated, based on the current business data volume and the self-organized network node resource evaluation, the business data transmission can fully utilize the available resources of each node of the self-organized network. When finding that the mobile ad hoc network node resources need to be shared with other services, the available resources of the ad hoc network nodes can be flexibly allocated according to service priority division through a data grouping multiplexing mode on the premise of ensuring the minimum resources of the communication quality of the original service QoS, and the concurrence of multiple services is quickly realized. By adopting the scheme, the service quality of various services can be ensured, the sending resources can be fully utilized, the data transmission efficiency is improved, the routing reselection process or the service establishment failure caused by insufficient node residual resources can be avoided as much as possible, and the reliable data transmission requirement is met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to a method for guaranteeing quality of service (QoS) of a mobile ad hoc network.
Background
The difficulty of QoS guarantee of the mobile ad hoc network is that network resources are limited, wireless transmission bandwidth is relatively narrow, and a wireless channel is easily subjected to various interferences. The lack of ad hoc network resources easily causes network congestion, and the poor quality of wireless channels greatly increases the error probability of data transmission. Although the quality of the wireless channel can be improved by adopting schemes of stronger coding, signal strength increasing, route changing and the like, the method also occupies more bandwidth, increases the probability of data transmission collision, increases the burden of the network and further reduces the available resources of the network.
The existing scheme carries out layered processing aiming at the QoS of the mobile ad hoc network and comprises an application layer, a QoS support layer, a QoS coding layer, a QoS routing layer, a QoS forwarding layer, a QoS transmission layer and a bottom layer. The scheme determines whether data receives ACK, codes data and selects a route by setting a QoS threshold, then performs unicast/multicast transmission mode selection, controls data transmission and finally sends the data from a bottom layer. And when the QoS threshold is not met, processing the signal by adopting the modes of adjusting the signal power, modulating the signal, detecting other channels and the like. Although the selection of QoS, the transmission mode and the transmission guarantee when the QoS threshold is not met are considered, the full utilization of the node resources of the mobile ad hoc network cannot be considered.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of realizing QoS guarantee of the mobile ad hoc network by adopting a mode of combining QoS resource reservation with packet multiplexing.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a QoS guarantee method of a mobile ad hoc network based on packet multiplexing comprises the following steps:
(1) A source node in a mobile ad hoc network reserves node resources on a preferentially selected available route by utilizing a QoS resource reservation mechanism before establishing a service or changing a route according to the resource requirement at least meeting a service QoS threshold, if the QoS resource reservation fails, the source node initiates the QoS resource reservation mechanism on the next available route and an alternative available route in sequence, and if no other available route exists and the QoS resource reservation on the alternative available route fails, the service establishment or the service changing route fails; otherwise, the node resource reservation on the available route is successful;
(2) Judging whether nodes on the available route have a plurality of service data to be transmitted, if so, executing the step (4) by the corresponding node, otherwise, executing the step (3);
(3) A source node in the mobile ad hoc network initiates service establishment or service change routing on an available route on which QoS resource reservation is successful, and service transmission resources among the nodes are distributed according to the maximum resource of service requirements and the minimum value in the maximum residual resources of the nodes;
(4) Performing resource reservation on a plurality of service data to be transmitted of the same node according to corresponding service QoS threshold resources;
(5) And the residual resources after all the service QoS threshold resources are deducted from the nodes are distributed according to the priority of the service data.
Further, in step (1), the service QoS threshold is a minimum threshold that meets the service transmission requirement and is set based on available bandwidth, error rate, end-to-end delay and jitter, hop count, and service priority; the available route refers to a link which is not marked as an unavailable route by the source node of the mobile ad hoc network and can be connected to the target node from the source node; the alternative available route refers to an available route selected before the source node that fails the QoS resource reservation due to traffic collision.
Further, in step (1), the QoS resource reservation mechanism refers to a mechanism that compares, by using the QoS resource request message, the resource that satisfies the service QoS threshold with the reservable resource of each node of the selected route, determines whether the resource requirement of the service data to be transmitted is satisfied, and feeds back the success or failure of resource reservation through the QoS resource request response message.
Furthermore, the transmission of the QoS resource request message and the QoS resource request response message is realized by an out-band signaling or an in-band signaling mode; out-of-band signaling refers to messages being delivered by a separate control packet for maintaining routing information, and in-band signaling refers to messages being delivered with data arranged.
Further, the node may reserve resources as follows: when no service exists on the node, all available resources of the node are used; when the service priority of the service of the reserved resource is not lower than the service priority of the node, the node residual resource is not the sum of the resources required by the QoS threshold of the respective service corresponding to the service on the node; when the service priority of the existing service on the node and the resource to be reserved is lower than the existing service priority on the node, the node remains the resources except the resources occupied by the existing service on the node.
Further, it is determined whether the resource requirement of the service data to be transmitted is satisfied, and the success or failure of resource reservation is fed back through the QoS resource request response message, and the specific process is as follows:
when no service exists on the node or a service exists on the node and no service data with higher priority than the service data of the resource to be reserved exists, if the QoS threshold resource of the service to be reserved is higher than the reserved resource of the node, the node sends a QoS resource request response message failure message because the resource is insufficient;
when a service exists on a node and service data with higher priority than the service data of the resource to be reserved exists, if the QoS threshold resource of the service to be reserved is higher than the reserved resource of the node, the node sends a QoS resource request response message failure message, and the reason is service conflict;
when the QoS threshold resource of the service to be reserved is not higher than the node reserved resource and the node is a target node, the node sends a QoS resource request response message success message;
when the source node receives a QoS resource request response message with insufficient resources, the source node marks the route as an unavailable route; when the source node receives a QoS resource request response message with the reason of service conflict, the source node marks the route as an alternative available route; when the source node initiates a QoS resource request again on an alternative available route, the traffic priority temporarily defaults to the highest priority.
Further, the specific implementation process of step (5) is as follows:
after deducting all the service QoS threshold resources, the residual resources preferentially meet the transmission requirement of the high-priority service data, if the residual resources exist, the transmission requirement of the secondary-priority service data is met, and the like is repeated until all the resources are used up; if a plurality of service data have the same priority and the resources required by the residual service data are higher than the evenly distributed resources, evenly distributing the resources by adopting a fair scheduling mode; if a plurality of service data have the same priority and the resource required by certain service residual data is not higher than the evenly distributed resource, evenly distributing the residual resource by adopting a fair scheduling mode after the service resource is met; and if the resources required by all the service data do not exceed the maximum transmission resources, distributing the resources according to the size of the resources actually required by the service data.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1) Through a QoS resource reservation mechanism, qoS communication resources required by new services or service routes of the mobile ad hoc network can be effectively guaranteed, and the success rate of service communication is improved.
2) During service transmission, the data transmission of the service can be completed as soon as possible according to the negotiation between the service volume and the node residual resources.
3) By adopting a service data grouping mechanism, the QoS transmission quality of the mobile ad hoc network when multiple services are simultaneously transmitted can be effectively guaranteed.
4) By adopting a service data multiplexing mechanism, the mobile ad hoc network node resources can be utilized to the maximum extent, and the probability of network congestion is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of service QoS resource reservation according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of service data packet multiplexing according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings.
A QoS guarantee method of a mobile ad hoc network based on packet multiplexing comprises the following steps:
(1) Before a service is established or a service changes a route, a source node in the mobile ad hoc network reserves node resources on a preferentially selected available route by utilizing a QoS resource reservation mechanism according to the resource requirement at least meeting a service QoS threshold, if the QoS resource reservation fails, the source node initiates the QoS resource reservation mechanism on the next available route and an alternative available route in sequence, and if no other available route exists and the QoS resource reservation on the alternative available route fails, the service is established or the service changes the route and fails; otherwise, the node resource reservation on the available route is successful;
specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
1.1 the service QoS threshold is the lowest threshold which is set based on available bandwidth, error rate, end-to-end delay and jitter, hop count and service priority and meets the service transmission requirement;
1.2 available route refers to a link which is not marked as unavailable route by a source node of the mobile ad hoc network and can be connected to a target node from the source node;
1.3 alternative available routes refer to available routes previously selected by the source node that failed QoS resource reservation due to traffic conflicts.
The 1.4QoS resource reservation mechanism is a mechanism which compares resources meeting a service QoS threshold with the reserved resources of each node of a selected route by using a QoS resource request message, judges whether the resource requirements of service data to be transmitted are met, and feeds back the success or failure of resource reservation through a QoS resource request response message.
1.4.1 the transmission of the QoS resource request message and the QoS resource request response message is realized by an out-band signaling or an in-band signaling mode; out-of-band signaling refers to messages being delivered by a separate control packet for maintaining routing information, and in-band signaling refers to messages being delivered with data scheduled.
1.4.2 the node can reserve resources as follows: when no service exists on the node, all available resources of the node are used; when the service priority of the service of the reserved resource is not lower than the service priority of the node, the node residual resource is not the sum of the resources required by the QoS threshold of the respective service corresponding to the service on the node; when the service priority of the existing service on the node and the resource to be reserved is lower than the existing service priority on the node, the node remains the resources except the resources occupied by the existing service on the node.
1.4.3 judge whether to meet the service data resource requirement to be transmitted, and feed back the success or failure of resource reservation through the QoS resource request response message, the concrete process is:
when no service exists on the node or service exists on the node and service data with higher priority than the service data of the resource to be reserved does not exist, if the QoS threshold resource of the service to be reserved is higher than the reserved resource of the node, the node sends a QoS resource request response message failure message because the resource is insufficient;
when a service exists on a node and service data with higher priority than service data of resources to be reserved exists, if QoS threshold resources of the services to be reserved are higher than the reserved resources of the node, the node sends a QoS resource request response message failure message, and the reason is service conflict;
when the QoS threshold resource of the service to be reserved is not higher than the node reserved resource and the node is a target node, the node sends a QoS resource request response message success message;
when the source node receives a QoS resource request response message with insufficient resources, the source node marks the route as an unavailable route; when the source node receives a QoS resource request response message with the reason of service conflict, the source node marks the route as an alternative available route; when the source node initiates a QoS resource request again on an alternative available route, the traffic priority temporarily defaults to the highest priority.
(2) Judging whether nodes on the available route have a plurality of service data to be transmitted, if so, executing the step (4) by the corresponding node, otherwise, executing the step (3);
(3) A source node in the mobile ad hoc network initiates service establishment or service change routing on an available route successfully reserved by QoS resources, and service transmission resources among the nodes are distributed according to the maximum resources required by the service and the minimum value of the maximum residual resources of the nodes;
(4) Performing resource reservation on a plurality of service data to be transmitted of the same node according to corresponding service QoS threshold resources;
(5) And the residual resources after deducting all the service QoS threshold resources from the nodes are distributed according to the priority of the service data. The specific implementation process is as follows:
after deducting all the service QoS threshold resources, the residual resources preferentially meet the transmission requirement of the high-priority service data, if the residual resources exist, the transmission requirement of the secondary-priority service data is met, and the like is repeated until all the resources are used up; if a plurality of service data have the same priority and the resources required by the residual service data are higher than the evenly distributed resources, evenly distributing the resources by adopting a fair scheduling mode; if a plurality of service data have the same priority and the resource required by certain service residual data is not higher than the evenly distributed resource, evenly distributing the residual resource by adopting a fair scheduling mode after the service resource is met; and if the resources required by all the service data do not exceed the maximum transmission resources, distributing the resources according to the size of the resources actually required by the service data.
The embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, assuming that 15 nodes constitute a mobile ad hoc network, the smaller the traffic priority value, the higher the traffic priority. The M4 node establishes a communication service with the M13 node, the service priority is 2, and the service QoS threshold evaluation needs to occupy at least 40% of resources of each node. The M4 node selects to initiate QoS resource reservation in the route 1 (M4, M8, M11, M13), and after the resource reservation is successful, the service actually occupies 40% of the resources in the M4, M8, M11 and M13 node resource pool on the route 1. The M2 node establishes a communication service with the M12 node, the service priority is 3, and the service QoS threshold evaluation needs to occupy at least 20% of resources of each node. The M2 node selects to initiate QoS resource reservation at route 2 (M2, M4, M8, M10, M12), and after the resource reservation is successful, as shown in fig. 1. When the M2 node and the M12 node are in service communication, according to the maximum service requirement resource and the maximum node residual resource, 60% of resources in the M2, M4, M8, M10 and M12 node resource pools on the route 2 are actually occupied.
As shown in fig. 2, at this time, the M5 node initiates a communication service with the M9 node, the service priority is 1, and the new service QoS threshold evaluation needs to occupy at least 20% of resources of each node. The M5 node selects a route 3 (M5, M4, M6, M9) to initiate QoS resource reservation, and the node residual resource is found to be 0 at the M4 node. However, the service QoS threshold of route 1 on the M4 node only needs to occupy 40% of resources, and the service priority is 2; the service QoS threshold of route 2 only needs to occupy 20% of resources, and the service priority is 3, which is lower than the service priority of route 3 newly initiated by the M5 node, and the node can reserve resources by 40%. And the resources corresponding to the service QoS threshold of the route 3 are 20%, the M4 node considers that the QoS resource reservation request is successful, the QoS resource reservation request is continuously transmitted to the M6 node, finally the QoS resource reservation request reaches the M9 node, the M9 node feeds back the resource reservation success, and the subsequent M5 node can normally communicate with the M9 node. And when the subsequent service is transmitted, the M4 node transmits the service data of the routes 1,2 and 3 in a packet multiplexing mode. Firstly, according to the service grouping, the QoS threshold resources corresponding to the service data of the routes 1,2 and 3 on the M4 node are ensured to be allocated preferentially. Then, according to the service priority, the transmission resource of the service data on the route 3 is ensured preferentially, the transmission resource of the service data on the route 1 is ensured secondarily, and finally the rest of the resources are distributed to the service data on the route 2.
As mentioned above, the services on the routes 1,2 and 3 can be successfully established at one time, and the concurrent transmission requirements of multiple services are supported while the QoS of the multiple services is ensured.
Claims (7)
1. A QoS guarantee method of a mobile ad hoc network based on packet multiplexing is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Before a service is established or a service changes a route, a source node in the mobile ad hoc network reserves node resources on a preferentially selected available route by utilizing a QoS resource reservation mechanism according to the resource requirement at least meeting a service QoS threshold, if the QoS resource reservation fails, the source node initiates the QoS resource reservation mechanism on the next available route and an alternative available route in sequence, and if no other available route exists and the QoS resource reservation on the alternative available route fails, the service is established or the service changes the route and fails; otherwise, the node resource reservation on the available route is successful;
(2) Judging whether nodes on the available route have a plurality of service data to be transmitted, if so, executing the step (4) by the corresponding node, otherwise, executing the step (3);
(3) A source node in the mobile ad hoc network initiates service establishment or service change routing on an available route successfully reserved by QoS resources, and service transmission resources among the nodes are distributed according to the maximum resources required by the service and the minimum value of the maximum residual resources of the nodes;
(4) Performing resource reservation on a plurality of service data to be transmitted of the same node according to corresponding service QoS threshold resources;
(5) And the residual resources after deducting all the service QoS threshold resources from the nodes are distributed according to the priority of the service data.
2. The QoS guarantee method for mobile ad hoc network based on packet multiplexing according to claim 1, wherein in step (1), the QoS threshold of the service is the lowest threshold that meets the service transmission requirement and is set based on the available bandwidth, error rate, end-to-end delay and jitter, hop count and service priority; the available route refers to a link which is not marked as an unavailable route by the source node of the mobile ad hoc network and can be connected to the target node from the source node; the alternative available route refers to an available route selected before the source node that fails the QoS resource reservation due to traffic collision.
3. The QoS guarantee method for mobile ad hoc network based on packet multiplexing according to claim 1, wherein in step (1), the QoS resource reservation mechanism refers to a mechanism that compares the resource meeting the service QoS threshold with the reservable resource of each node of the selected route by using the QoS resource request message, determines whether the resource requirement of the service data to be transmitted is met, and feeds back the success or failure of resource reservation through the QoS resource request response message.
4. The QoS guarantee method for the mobile ad hoc network based on the packet multiplexing of claim 3, wherein the QoS resource request message and the QoS resource request response message are transferred by an out-band signaling or an in-band signaling; out-of-band signaling refers to messages being delivered by a separate control packet for maintaining routing information, and in-band signaling refers to messages being delivered with data arranged.
5. The QoS guarantee method for mobile ad-hoc network based on packet multiplexing according to claim 3, wherein the node-reservable resources are: when no service exists on the node, all available resources of the node are used; when the service priority of the service of the reserved resource is not lower than the service priority of the node, the node residual resource is not the sum of the resources required by the QoS threshold of the respective service corresponding to the service on the node; when the service priority of the existing service on the node and the resource to be reserved is lower than the existing service priority on the node, the node remains the resources except the resources occupied by the existing service on the node.
6. The QoS guarantee method for the mobile ad hoc network based on the packet multiplexing as claimed in claim 3, wherein the QoS guarantee method is characterized by judging whether the requirement of the service data resource to be transmitted is satisfied, and feeding back the success or failure of resource reservation through the QoS resource request response message, and the specific process is as follows:
when no service exists on the node or a service exists on the node and no service data with higher priority than the service data of the resource to be reserved exists, if the QoS threshold resource of the service to be reserved is higher than the reserved resource of the node, the node sends a QoS resource request response message failure message because the resource is insufficient;
when a service exists on a node and service data with higher priority than service data of resources to be reserved exists, if QoS threshold resources of the services to be reserved are higher than the reserved resources of the node, the node sends a QoS resource request response message failure message, and the reason is service conflict;
when the QoS threshold resource of the service to be reserved is not higher than the node reserved resource and the node is a target node, the node sends a QoS resource request response message success message;
when the source node receives a QoS resource request response message with insufficient resources, the source node marks the route as an unavailable route; when the source node receives the QoS resource request response message with the reason of service conflict, the route is marked as an alternative available route; when the source node initiates a QoS resource request again on an alternative available route, the traffic priority temporarily defaults to the highest priority.
7. The QoS guarantee method for the mobile ad hoc network based on the packet multiplexing according to claim 1, wherein the specific implementation process of the step (5) is as follows:
after deducting all the service QoS threshold resources, the residual resources preferentially meet the transmission requirement of the high-priority service data, if the residual resources exist, the transmission requirement of the secondary-priority service data is met, and the like is repeated until all the resources are used up; if a plurality of service data have the same priority and the resource required by the rest service data is higher than the evenly distributed resource, evenly distributing the resource by adopting a fair scheduling mode; if a plurality of service data have the same priority and the resource required by certain service residual data is not higher than the evenly distributed resource, evenly distributing the residual resource by adopting a fair scheduling mode after the service resource is met; and if the resources required by all the service data do not exceed the maximum transmission resources, distributing the resources according to the size of the resources actually required by the service data.
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