CN115241727B - Laser control method, laser and laser system - Google Patents
Laser control method, laser and laser system Download PDFInfo
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- CN115241727B CN115241727B CN202211166016.0A CN202211166016A CN115241727B CN 115241727 B CN115241727 B CN 115241727B CN 202211166016 A CN202211166016 A CN 202211166016A CN 115241727 B CN115241727 B CN 115241727B
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 17
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- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 10
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/13—Stabilisation of laser output parameters, e.g. frequency or amplitude
- H01S3/1305—Feedback control systems
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
- B23K26/062—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by direct control of the laser beam
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/38—Removing material by boring or cutting
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
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Abstract
The invention relates to a control method of a laser, the laser and a laser system, the invention relates to the technical field of lasers, and the control method comprises the following steps: performing power compensation on the laser according to the scattered light intensity value acquired by the second optical sensor; after the power compensation is carried out on the laser, the output power of the laser is dynamically adjusted according to the return light intensity value collected by the third optical sensor; after the output power of the laser is dynamically adjusted, the power fluctuation of the laser is restrained according to the first light intensity value collected by the first light sensor. By means of the technical scheme, the laser power attenuation compensation device can compensate power attenuation caused by long-time use of the laser, can realize energy conservation while guaranteeing a cutting effect, and can reduce the fluctuation proportion of the output power of the laser, so that the stability of the output power of the laser is guaranteed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lasers, in particular to a control method of a laser, the laser and a laser system.
Background
At present, the conventional continuous fiber laser can output power according to the output power, frequency and duty ratio set by a system.
However, in practical industrial applications, the output power of the laser is affected by internal factors and/or external factors, so that the power of the laser cannot be always stable, and the performance of the final laser is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
In view of the above disadvantages and shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for controlling a laser, a laser and a laser system, which solve the technical problem that the power of the laser cannot be always stable in the prior art.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the main technical scheme that:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for controlling a laser, where the method includes: performing power compensation on the laser according to the scattered light intensity value acquired by the second optical sensor; the second optical sensor is used for collecting the scattered light intensity around a focusing mirror in the cutting head connected with the laser through an optical fiber; after the power compensation is carried out on the laser, the output power of the laser is dynamically adjusted according to the return light intensity value collected by the third optical sensor; the third optical sensor is positioned in the cutting head and used for collecting the intensity of return light when the laser acts on the processing material; after the output power of the laser is dynamically adjusted, inhibiting the power fluctuation of the laser according to a first light intensity value acquired by a first light sensor; the first optical sensor is used for collecting the light intensity at the interface of the laser and the optical fiber.
In one possible embodiment, the power compensation of the laser based on the scattered light intensity values collected by the second light sensor comprises: under the condition that the power of the laser is set power, determining a reference scattered light intensity value of the second light sensor under the set power; judging the magnitude of the scattered light intensity value and the reference scattered light intensity value; if the scattered light intensity value is smaller than or equal to the reference scattered light intensity value, obtaining a reference power value corresponding to the scattered light intensity value by retrieving a first curve prestored in the laser; the first curve is established after the second optical sensor and the laser are calibrated, and the first curve is used for representing the corresponding relation between the scattered light intensity value acquired by the calibrated second optical sensor and the power of the calibrated laser; obtaining a reference current value corresponding to the reference power value by retrieving a third curve prestored in the laser; the third curve is established after the laser is calibrated, and is used for representing the corresponding relation between the power of the calibrated laser and the input current value of the pumping source in the calibrated laser; and adjusting the input current of the pumping source according to the reference current value so as to perform power compensation on the laser.
In one possible embodiment, the control method further comprises: and if the scattered light intensity value is greater than the reference scattered light intensity value, outputting an alarm signal.
In one possible embodiment, determining the reference scattered light intensity value for the second light sensor at the set power comprises: acquiring a second light intensity value acquired by the first light sensor; obtaining a reference scattered light intensity value corresponding to the second light intensity value by retrieving a second curve prestored in the laser; the second curve is established after the second optical sensor and the laser are calibrated, and the second curve is used for representing the corresponding relation between the light intensity value collected by the calibrated first optical sensor and the scattered light intensity value collected by the calibrated second optical sensor.
In one possible embodiment, before the power compensation of the laser is performed based on the scattered light intensity value collected by the second light sensor, the control method further comprises: a first curve, a second curve and a third curve are created and stored.
In one possible embodiment, the return light intensity value comprises at least one sub-return light intensity value; according to the back light intensity value of gathering through the third light sensor, carry out dynamic adjustment to the output power of laser instrument, include: constructing a current return light fluctuation curve according to the current sub-return light intensity value acquired by the third optical sensor; calculating a first maximum fluctuation value and a first average fluctuation value of the current return light fluctuation curve; reducing the output power of the laser; under the condition that the output power of the laser is reduced, constructing a next return light fluctuation curve according to a next sub-return light intensity value acquired by the third optical sensor; calculating a second maximum fluctuation value and a second average fluctuation value of the next return light fluctuation curve; and under the condition that the second maximum fluctuation value is less than or equal to the first maximum fluctuation value and the second average fluctuation value is less than the first average fluctuation value, returning to the step of reducing the output power of the laser, and stopping circulation until the maximum circulation times are reached.
In one possible embodiment, the control method further comprises: and under the condition that the second maximum fluctuation value is larger than the first maximum fluctuation value or the second average fluctuation value is larger than the first average fluctuation value, improving the output power of the laser, and returning to the step of constructing the current return light fluctuation curve according to the current sub-return light intensity value acquired by the third light sensor.
In one possible embodiment, suppressing power fluctuations of the laser based on the first light intensity value collected by the first light sensor comprises: calculating the average value of light intensity; the average value of the light intensity is the average value of a plurality of light intensity values collected by the first light sensor under the condition that the power fluctuation of the laser is not suppressed; calculating a light intensity deviation value of the first light intensity value and the light intensity average value; processing the light intensity deviation value by using a PID digital control algorithm to obtain a current adjustment value; and adjusting the input current of a pumping source in the laser by using the current adjustment value so as to inhibit the power fluctuation of the laser.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a laser, where the laser includes a memory and a controller, where the memory stores a computer program, and the controller reads the computer program from the memory to implement the method for controlling a laser according to any one of the first aspect.
In a third aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a laser system, which includes a cutting head and a laser connected to the cutting head through an optical fiber, and the laser is the laser according to the second aspect.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the control method of the laser, the laser and the laser system, which are provided by the embodiment of the invention, the power of the laser is compensated according to the scattered light intensity value acquired by the second optical sensor, so that the power compensation of the laser can be automatically realized, and the power attenuation caused by long-time use of the laser is compensated. And after the power compensation is carried out on the laser, the output power of the laser is dynamically adjusted according to the return light intensity value acquired by the third optical sensor, so that the output power of the laser can be dynamically adjusted under the setting of a set process, the cutting effect can be further ensured, and the energy-saving effect can be further achieved. And after the output power of the laser is dynamically adjusted, the power fluctuation of the laser is inhibited according to the first light intensity value acquired by the first light sensor, so that the fluctuation proportion of the output power of the laser can be reduced, and the stability of the output power of the laser is ensured.
In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and that those skilled in the art can also obtain other related drawings based on the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of a laser system provided herein;
fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method for controlling a laser according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 shows a flowchart of a method for power attenuation compensation according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of better explaining the present invention and to facilitate understanding, the present invention will be described in detail by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In practical industrial applications, the output power of a laser is affected by internal factors (such as pump source aging and optical fiber aging) and/or external factors (such as ambient temperature, working time, material of a terminal cutting head, a processed plate (tube) and a processed plate which is thicker), so that the power of the laser cannot be kept stable all the time, and the performance of the final laser is reduced.
In order to solve the problem that the power of the laser cannot be kept stable all the time in the prior art, the control method of the laser, the laser and the laser system provided by the embodiment of the invention perform power compensation on the laser according to the scattered light intensity value acquired by the second optical sensor, so that the power compensation on the laser can be automatically realized to compensate the power attenuation caused by long-time use of the laser. And after the power compensation is carried out on the laser, the output power of the laser is dynamically adjusted according to the return light intensity value acquired by the third optical sensor, so that the output power of the laser can be dynamically adjusted under the setting of a set process (for example, set power), the cutting effect can be further ensured, and the energy-saving effect can be further achieved. And after the output power of the laser is dynamically adjusted, the power fluctuation of the laser is inhibited according to the first light intensity value acquired by the first light sensor, so that the fluctuation proportion of the output power of the laser can be reduced, and the stability of the output power of the laser is ensured.
In order to better understand the above technical solution, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention can be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a laser system provided in the present application. The laser system shown in fig. 1 comprises a laser 110 and a cutting head 120 connected to the laser 110 by an optical fiber. Among them, the laser 110 may include n pump sources (i.e., pump sources LD1 to LDn), an optical device 113 for performing processes such as synthesis and frequency conversion on n-path laser light, and a controller 112 for performing a control method of a subsequent laser, and the cutting head 120 may include a focusing mirror 121 and a half mirror 123 sequentially disposed on a laser transmission path.
And, a first light sensor 111 may be provided at an interface of the inside of the laser 110 and the optical fiber (e.g., at an interface of the fiber output device QBH inside the laser 110), so that the light intensity of the laser light at the interface of the laser 110 and the optical fiber may be collected by the first light sensor 111; a second optical sensor 122 may be further disposed at one side of the focusing mirror 121 inside the cutting head 120, so that the intensity of scattered light around the focusing mirror 121 inside the cutting head 120 may be collected by the second optical sensor 122; a third light sensor 124 may be further provided at one side of the half mirror 123 inside the cutting head 120, so that the intensity of the returned light when the laser light is applied to the processing material 130 (or the visible light from the nozzle may be received) can be collected or fed back by the third light sensor 124. And the light intensity value collected by the first light sensor 111, the scattered light intensity value collected by the second light sensor 122, and the return light intensity value collected by the third light sensor 124 are processed and calculated by the controller 112 inside the laser 110.
It should be understood that the specific components of the optical device 113, the specific apparatus of the controller 112, the specific optical fiber of the optical fiber, the specific sensor of the first optical sensor 111, the specific sensor of the second optical sensor 122, the specific sensor of the third optical sensor 124, and the like may be set according to actual requirements, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
For example, the controller 112 may be an FPGA chip.
For another example, the first light sensor 111 may be a Photodiode (PD), the detection wavelength band of the photodiode is 1050 to 1080nm, and the photodiode may cover the fluctuation range of the scattered light when the laser 110 emits light after being subjected to sensitivity calibration.
For another example, the second light sensor 122 may also be a photodiode, the detection wavelength band of the photodiode is 1050 to 1080nm, and the maximum and minimum values of the light emitted from the laser 110 may be covered by the photodiode after the sensitivity calibration.
In addition, the laser 111 may also include a memory (not shown) in which a computer program is stored. The controller thus realizes the control method of the laser by reading the computer program in the memory.
It should be understood that the above laser system is only exemplary, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications according to actual requirements, and the modifications are also within the scope of the present application.
With continued reference to fig. 2, fig. 2 shows a flowchart of a method for controlling a laser according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The control method as shown in fig. 2 is applied to a laser in a laser system, the laser system comprises a cutting head and a laser connected with the cutting head through an optical fiber, the laser comprises a first optical sensor for collecting the light intensity at the interface of the laser and the optical fiber, and the cutting head comprises a second optical sensor for collecting the scattered light intensity around a focusing mirror in the cutting head and a third optical sensor for collecting the return light intensity when the laser acts on a processing material; the control method comprises the following steps:
step S210, the laser is started.
And step S220, performing power compensation on the laser according to the scattered light intensity value collected by the second light sensor.
And step S230, after power compensation is carried out on the laser, the output power of the laser is dynamically adjusted according to the return light intensity value collected by the third optical sensor.
Step S240, after the output power of the laser is dynamically adjusted, the power fluctuation of the laser is suppressed according to the first light intensity value collected by the first light sensor.
In step S250, it is determined whether a preset stop condition is satisfied. If the preset stop condition is satisfied, step S260 may be executed; if the stop condition is not satisfied, the process may return to step S220.
It should be understood that the preset stop condition may be set according to actual requirements, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
For example, the preset stop condition may be turning off the laser, or may be a preset number of cycles.
And step S260, ending.
It should be noted that, although the above is described by taking the steps S220 to S240 as an example, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that after the step S220 is executed, the step S230 may be skipped to directly execute the step S240 (for example, after the power compensation is performed on the laser, the power fluctuation of the laser is suppressed according to the first light intensity value collected by the first light sensor), and the step S250 may also be directly executed after the step S230 is executed (that is, the step S240 may not be executed), and the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
Therefore, according to the scattered light intensity value collected by the second light sensor, the power compensation is carried out on the laser, so that the power compensation on the laser can be automatically realized, and the power attenuation caused by the long-time use of the laser can be compensated. And after the power compensation is carried out on the laser, the output power of the laser is dynamically adjusted according to the return light intensity value acquired by the third optical sensor, so that the output power of the laser can be dynamically adjusted under the setting of a set process (for example, set power), the cutting effect can be further ensured, and the energy-saving effect can be further achieved. And after the output power of the laser is dynamically adjusted, the power fluctuation of the laser is inhibited according to the first light intensity value collected by the first light sensor, so that the fluctuation proportion of the output power of the laser can be reduced, and the stability of the output power of the laser is ensured.
In order to facilitate understanding of the above step S220, the following description is made by way of specific embodiments.
Specifically, referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 shows a flowchart of a method for compensating power attenuation according to an embodiment of the present application. The method shown in fig. 3 comprises:
step S310, a first curve, a second curve and a third curve are established and stored. The first curve is established after the second optical sensor and the laser are calibrated, and the first curve is used for representing the corresponding relation between the scattered light intensity value acquired by the calibrated second optical sensor and the power of the calibrated laser; the second curve is established after the second optical sensor and the laser are calibrated, and the second curve is used for representing the corresponding relation between the light intensity value collected by the calibrated first optical sensor and the scattered light intensity value collected by the calibrated second optical sensor; the third curve is established after the laser is calibrated, and the third curve is used for representing the corresponding relation between the power of the calibrated laser and the input current value of the pumping source in the calibrated laser.
Specifically, the problem of optical attenuation existing after the laser is used for a long time is an industry problem at present, and tests show that the optical attenuation of the laser to a certain limit can be compensated through proper current increment, so that the problem is a precondition and a condition for the power attenuation compensation control.
In addition, the second optical sensor is positioned inside the cutting head and can acquire the optical signal intensity of the laser at the cutting head (or a terminal), compared with the optical signal acquired at the first optical sensor, the position of the second optical sensor is more accurate and is not influenced by the aging of the optical fiber of the laser and the aging of each optical fiber interface, and the method belongs to complete closed-loop control.
Based on this, the embodiment of the application can calibrate the laser system before leaving the factory. For example, the calibration process for the laser system may include setting of the sensitivity, angle and position of the first light sensor, the sensitivity, angle and position of the second light sensor, the sensitivity, angle and position of the third light sensor, and the size of the light guide hole.
After calibration is completed, under the condition that the power of the calibrated laser is W1, the light intensity value collected by the calibrated first light sensor is L11, the scattered light intensity value collected by the calibrated second light sensor is L21, and the current value of each of the calibrated multiple pumping sources is A1; under the condition that the power of the calibrated laser is W2, the light intensity value collected by the calibrated first light sensor is L12, the scattered light intensity value collected by the calibrated second light sensor is L22, and the current value of each of the calibrated multiple pump sources is A2 and the like.
It should be noted here that the current of each of the plurality of pump sources in the laser system may be the same.
Subsequently, a first coordinate system may be established, and an abscissa of the first coordinate system may be the power of the calibrated laser (also referred to as a reference power) and an ordinate thereof may be the scattered light intensity value collected by the calibrated second light sensor, and the corresponding first feature point may be plotted in the first coordinate system based on W1, L21, W2, L22, and the like, and a curve fitting may be performed on the plurality of first feature points to obtain a first curve.
Subsequently, a second coordinate system may be established, and the abscissa of the second coordinate system may be the light intensity value collected by the calibrated first light sensor, and the ordinate thereof may be the scattered light intensity value (also referred to as a reference scattered light intensity value) collected by the calibrated second light sensor, and the corresponding second feature point may be plotted in the second coordinate system based on L11, L21, L12, L22, and the like, and a curve fitting may be performed on the plurality of second feature points to obtain a second curve.
Subsequently, a third coordinate system may be established, and an abscissa of the third coordinate system may be the power of the calibrated laser, and an ordinate thereof may be a current value (may also be referred to as a reference current value) of each of the calibrated plurality of pump sources, and a corresponding third feature point may be plotted in the third coordinate system based on W1, A1, W2, A2, and the like, and a curve fitting may be performed on the plurality of third feature points to obtain a third curve.
The first, second, and third curves may then be stored in a controller of the laser.
In step S320, when the power of the laser is the set power, the reference scattered light intensity value of the second light sensor at the set power is determined.
In particular, in the case that the power of the laser is the set power, the second light intensity value can be collected by the first light sensor. And obtaining a reference scattered light intensity value corresponding to the second light intensity sensor under the set power by retrieving a second curve prestored in the laser in real time. And the reference scattered light intensity value is a vertical coordinate of a second characteristic point of the target, wherein the horizontal coordinate of the second curve is the second light intensity value.
Step S330, determining the magnitude of the scattered light intensity value collected by the second light sensor and the reference scattered light intensity value.
If the scattered light intensity value is greater than the reference scattered light intensity value, it indicates that there is contamination or the scattered light is strong inside the cutting head, and step S340 may be executed; if the scattered light intensity value is less than or equal to the reference scattered light intensity value, it can be determined that the scattered light intensity value is valid, and step S350 can be executed.
And step S340, outputting an alarm signal.
Step S350, obtaining a reference power value corresponding to the scattered light intensity value by retrieving a first curve pre-stored in the laser.
Specifically, the reference power value corresponding to the scattered light intensity value can be obtained by searching a first curve stored in the laser in advance in real time. Wherein, the ordinate in the first curve of the reference power value is the abscissa of the target first characteristic point of the scattered light intensity value.
And step S360, a reference current value corresponding to the reference power value is obtained by retrieving a third curve prestored in the laser. Wherein the reference current value is less than the maximum current that the pump source can bear.
Specifically, the reference current value corresponding to the reference power value can be obtained by retrieving a third curve pre-stored in the laser in real time. Wherein, the reference current value is an abscissa in the third curve as a ordinate of the target third characteristic point of the reference power value.
And step 370, adjusting the input current of the pumping source according to the reference current value so as to perform power compensation on the laser.
Specifically, a current difference between the reference current value and the present input current of the pump source may be calculated and used as a current increment, and the input current of the pump source may be adjusted using the current increment to power compensate the laser.
Therefore, by means of the technical scheme, the power compensation of the laser can be automatically realized, so that the power attenuation caused by long-time use of the laser can be compensated.
In addition, after the laser is used for a long time, the first optical sensor and the second optical sensor may become loose, so that the position and the angle of the first optical sensor and the position and the angle of the second optical sensor may change, and the first curve, the second curve and the third curve may be inaccurate at the time, so that the problem that the finally determined reference current value is inaccurate may be caused.
Based thereon, a plurality of alternative first curves, a plurality of alternative second curves, and a plurality of alternative third curves for the first light sensor and the second light sensor at different positions and at different angles may be established (e.g., the first light sensor is set from a nominal original angle to an angle after being offset by an angle, and based on the above settings, a set of alternative curves is established.
Meanwhile, the angle and the position of the first optical sensor and the angle and the position of the second optical sensor may be detected by an angle sensor and a position sensor, respectively, and then the controller matches a final first curve from a plurality of alternative first curves based on the angle and the position of the first optical sensor and the angle and the position of the second optical sensor (for example, the current angle and the current position of the first optical sensor are the same as the setting angle and the setting position when the final first curve is established, or the current angle and the current position of the first optical sensor are the closest to the setting angle and the setting position when the final first curve is established). Correspondingly, the final second curve may be matched from the plurality of candidate second curves, and the final third curve may be matched from the plurality of candidate third curves based on the similar process described above.
And the controller may also determine whether the final first curve, the final second curve, and the final third curve are the same set of curves. If so, determining a final first curve, a final second curve and a final third curve; if not, the matching is performed again (for example, the setting angle and the setting position which are next to those when the final curve is established can be selected to continue the confirmation, and the like), until the same set of curves is obtained, and the process is ended.
It should be noted that, although the first optical sensor and the second optical sensor are described above as examples, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above solution is also applicable to other devices (e.g., optical devices, etc.) requiring calibration, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.
In addition, in order to facilitate understanding of step S230, the following description is made by way of specific examples.
Specifically, the power of the laser is dynamically adjusted, and the laser can be applied to batch processing of the laser, and the processing effect of the laser can be judged by detecting the intensity of the visible light fed back by the third optical sensor in real time. And, after the user sets the process parameters (e.g., power), the laser outputs the optical power according to the set parameters. Subsequently, a return light fluctuation curve can be formed by the visible light return values of the third light sensor (for example, a plurality of return light intensity values can be obtained, corresponding characteristic points of the plurality of return light intensity values are described in a corresponding coordinate system, and curve fitting is performed on the plurality of characteristic points in the coordinate system to obtain a return light fluctuation curve), and the curve is kept to fluctuate around a stable value under a normal state. Dynamic adjustment of the power can then be achieved by means of the established return light fluctuation curve.
Optionally, constructing a current return light fluctuation curve according to the current sub-return light intensity value acquired by the third light sensor; calculating a first maximum fluctuation value and a first average fluctuation value of the current return light fluctuation curve; reducing the output power of the laser; under the condition that the output power of the laser is reduced, constructing a next return light fluctuation curve according to a next sub-return light intensity value acquired by the third optical sensor; calculating a second maximum fluctuation value and a second average fluctuation value of the next return light fluctuation curve; under the condition that the second maximum fluctuation value is less than or equal to the first maximum fluctuation value and the second average fluctuation value is less than the first average fluctuation value, returning to the step of reducing the output power of the laser, and stopping circulation until the maximum circulation times are reached; and under the condition that the second maximum fluctuation value is larger than the first maximum fluctuation value or the second average fluctuation value is larger than the first average fluctuation value, improving the output power of the laser, and returning to the step of constructing the current return light fluctuation curve according to the current sub-return light intensity value acquired by the third optical sensor. The maximum cycle number may be set according to actual requirements, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited to this.
For example, under a certain condition, the output power of the laser is W1, and the controller may establish a return light fluctuation curve corresponding to W1 in the above manner, and calculate a maximum fluctuation value D11 and an average fluctuation value D12 of the return light fluctuation curve. The average fluctuation value D12 is an average value of a plurality of fluctuation values in the corresponding return light fluctuation curve. Subsequently, the power of the laser can be reduced to W2, and the controller can establish a return light fluctuation curve corresponding to W2 in the above manner, and calculate the maximum fluctuation value D21 and the average fluctuation value D22 of the return light fluctuation curve. If D21 is not more than D11 and D22 is not more than D12, the W2 value passes, the power of the laser may be continuously reduced to Wn until the correspondence between the maximum fluctuation value and the average fluctuation value cannot be satisfied (for example, if the following cases of D (n) 1 > D (n-1) 1 or D (n) 2 > D (n-1) 2 are present, it may be considered that the correspondence is not satisfied), the power of the laser may be increased to Wn-1, the power of the laser may be continuously reduced to Wn +1, the power difference between Wn +1 and Wn-1 is smaller than the power difference between Wn and Wn-1, and the above steps may be repeated until the maximum number of cycles is reached, and then the operation may be stopped.
It should be understood that the specific value of each power reduction and the specific value of each power increase of the laser can be set according to actual requirements, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
It should be noted that, by obtaining the limit cutting power value, the average fluctuation value of the corresponding return light fluctuation curve may be increased instantaneously (i.e. D (n) 1 > D (n-1) 1) or the maximum fluctuation value may be increased (i.e. D (n) 2 > D (n-1) 2) due to the influence of the material of the plate, the gas path, and the like during the processing.
Therefore, by means of the technical scheme, the output power of the laser can be dynamically adjusted under the setting of the setting process, so that the cutting effect can be ensured, and the energy-saving effect can be achieved.
In addition, in order to facilitate understanding of step S240, the following description is made by way of specific examples.
Specifically, since the first optical sensor is disposed at the interface between the inside of the laser and the optical fiber, the first optical sensor can detect the output fluctuation value of the laser.
And after the laser emits light, the first optical sensor can acquire a plurality of first light intensity values, and since the laser does not suppress output power fluctuation, the average value La of the first light intensity values needs to be calculated. Wherein, the calculation formula of La is:
wherein m represents the number of sets of first collected light intensity values;L1to is thatLmEach representing a first light intensity value.
And the controller may acquire a first light intensity value L acquired in real time by the first light sensor, and calculate a light intensity deviation value Lr of the first light intensity value L and La. For example, the controller may calculate a difference between L and La, and take the difference as the light intensity deviation value Lr.
And the controller can process the light intensity deviation value by utilizing a PID digital control algorithm to obtain a current adjustment value. Specifically, the calculation can be made by the following formula:
wherein,kmay represent the number of calculations;
can represent the firstkDeviation value of secondary light intensity
；
Can represent the firstkError of 1 time
；
May represent a scaling factor;
may represent an integral coefficient; may represent a differential coefficient; current regulation value
，tTo scale factor, in generaltThe value may take 1.
And the controller can adjust the input current of the pumping source in the laser by using the current adjustment value so as to inhibit the power fluctuation of the laser.
Therefore, by means of the technical scheme, the fluctuation proportion of the output power of the laser can be reduced, and the stability of the output power of the laser is further ensured.
It should be understood that the control method of the laser is only exemplary, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications according to the above method, and the solution after the modification also falls within the protection scope of the present application.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions.
It should be noted that in the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in a claim. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. The invention may be implemented by means of hardware comprising several distinct elements, and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In the claims enumerating several means, several of these means may be embodied by one and the same item of hardware. The use of the terms first, second, third and the like are for convenience only and do not denote any order. These words are to be understood as part of the name of the component.
Furthermore, it should be noted that in the description of the present specification, the description of the term "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples" or "some examples", etc., means that a specific feature, structure, material or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, various embodiments or examples and features of various embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without being mutually inconsistent.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, the claims should be construed to include preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention should also include such modifications and variations.
Claims (9)
1. A method of controlling a laser, comprising:
performing power compensation on the laser according to the scattered light intensity value collected by the second optical sensor; the second optical sensor is used for collecting the intensity of scattered light around a focusing mirror in the cutting head connected with the laser through an optical fiber;
after the power compensation is carried out on the laser, the output power of the laser is dynamically adjusted according to the return light intensity value collected by a third optical sensor; the third optical sensor is positioned in the cutting head and is used for collecting the intensity of return light when laser acts on a processing material;
after the output power of the laser is dynamically adjusted, the power fluctuation of the laser is inhibited according to a first light intensity value acquired by a first light sensor; the first optical sensor is used for collecting the light intensity at the interface of the laser and the optical fiber;
the suppressing power fluctuations of the laser based on the first light intensity value collected by the first light sensor comprises:
calculating the average value of light intensity; wherein the average light intensity value is an average of a plurality of light intensity values collected by the first light sensor without power fluctuation suppression by the laser;
calculating a light intensity deviation value of the first light intensity value and the light intensity average value;
processing the light intensity deviation value by using a PID digital control algorithm to obtain a current adjustment value;
and adjusting the input current of a pumping source in the laser by using the current adjustment value so as to inhibit the power fluctuation of the laser.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein said power compensating said laser based on scattered light intensity values collected by said second light sensor comprises:
under the condition that the power of the laser is set power, determining a reference scattered light intensity value of the second light sensor under the set power;
judging the magnitude of the scattered light intensity value and the reference scattered light intensity value;
if the scattered light intensity value is smaller than or equal to the reference scattered light intensity value, obtaining a reference power value corresponding to the scattered light intensity value by retrieving a first curve prestored in the laser; the first curve is established after the second optical sensor and the laser are calibrated, and the first curve is used for representing the corresponding relation between the scattered light intensity value acquired by the calibrated second optical sensor and the power of the calibrated laser;
obtaining a reference current value corresponding to the reference power value by retrieving a third curve prestored in the laser; the third curve is established after the laser is calibrated, and is used for representing the corresponding relation between the power of the calibrated laser and the input current value of a pumping source in the calibrated laser;
and adjusting the input current of the pumping source according to the reference current value so as to perform power compensation on the laser.
3. The control method according to claim 2, characterized in that the control method further comprises:
and if the scattered light intensity value is greater than the reference scattered light intensity value, outputting an alarm signal.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein determining the reference scattered light intensity value for the second light sensor at the set power comprises:
acquiring a second light intensity value acquired by the first light sensor;
obtaining a reference scattered light intensity value corresponding to the second light intensity value by retrieving a second curve prestored in the laser; the second curve is established after the second optical sensor and the laser are calibrated, and the second curve is used for representing the corresponding relation between the light intensity value collected by the calibrated first optical sensor and the scattered light intensity value collected by the calibrated second optical sensor.
5. The control method of claim 4, wherein prior to said power compensating said laser based on scattered light intensity values collected by said second light sensor, said control method further comprises:
establishing and storing the first curve, the second curve, and the third curve.
6. The control method according to claim 1, wherein the return light intensity value comprises at least one sub-return light intensity value; the dynamic adjustment of the output power of the laser device according to the returned light intensity value collected by the third light sensor includes:
constructing a current return light fluctuation curve according to the current sub-return light intensity value acquired by the third light sensor;
calculating a first maximum fluctuation value and a first average fluctuation value of the current return light fluctuation curve;
reducing the output power of the laser;
under the condition that the output power of the laser is reduced, constructing a next return light fluctuation curve according to a next sub-return light intensity value acquired by the third optical sensor;
calculating a second maximum fluctuation value and a second average fluctuation value of the next return light fluctuation curve;
and under the condition that the second maximum fluctuation value is less than or equal to the first maximum fluctuation value and the second average fluctuation value is less than the first average fluctuation value, returning to the step of reducing the output power of the laser, and stopping circulation until the maximum circulation times are reached.
7. The control method according to claim 6, characterized by further comprising:
and under the condition that the second maximum fluctuation value is larger than the first maximum fluctuation value or the second average fluctuation value is larger than the first average fluctuation value, improving the output power of the laser, and returning to the step of constructing the current return light fluctuation curve according to the current sub-return light intensity value acquired by the third optical sensor.
8. A laser comprising a memory and a controller, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the controller reads the computer program from the memory to implement the method of controlling a laser according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. A laser system comprising a cutting head and a laser connected to the cutting head by an optical fiber, and wherein the laser is the laser of claim 8.
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| CN111693255A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-09-22 | 浙江大学 | Device and method for measuring frequency drift of laser light source |
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