CN115241570A - Integrated battery thermal management system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an integrated battery thermal management system which comprises a battery module consisting of a plurality of battery cells and a box body used for installing the battery cells, wherein a cooling water channel used for flowing of a cooling medium is arranged in the box body, and the battery module enables the cooling medium to be in direct contact with the battery cells through the cooling water channel so as to realize battery thermal management control. According to the integrated battery thermal management system provided by the invention, the cooling medium is directly contacted with the battery cell for cooling, and a water cooling plate in a traditional mode is omitted, so that the arrangement of the battery module in the battery pack is relatively simple; meanwhile, by controlling the flow of the cooling medium, the cooling and heating rates of the battery core can be obviously increased, so that the power battery can work in a proper temperature range; when the battery core is out of control, the cooling liquid can be directly heated, evaporated and absorbed heat so as to slow down the rate of thermal runaway and increase the time for safe rescue and escape.

Description

Integrated battery thermal management system

technical field

The invention relates to the field of new energy vehicle battery structure design, in particular to an integrated battery thermal management system.

Background technique

As the power density of the power battery system continues to increase, the heat production per unit volume increases significantly, and the thermal uniformity inside the battery module also decreases. The traditional cooling structure uses a water cooling plate at the bottom of the module, so that the heat of the battery is reduced Each part of the module conducts to the bottom, and the heat is taken out through the water cooling plate. The heat transfer rate is low, and the heat generated by the battery cannot be conducted in time, which affects the battery life and battery charging and discharging capacity. The heat conduction between them increases rapidly, and the probability of the battery catching fire and exploding is high.

In order to solve the drawbacks of the traditional battery module cooling structure, it is necessary to improve the existing cooling structure.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of this, the present invention provides an integrated battery thermal management system. By arranging a cooling water channel in the box structure of the battery module, the cooling medium is in direct contact with the battery cell, so as to improve the heat conduction rate of the battery core, and at the same time, it can effectively slow down the heat transfer rate of the battery cell. The rate of heat conduction between modules when a battery thermal runaway occurs.

The integrated battery thermal management system provided by the present invention includes a battery module composed of several battery cells and a box body for installing the battery cells, the box body is provided with a cooling water channel for cooling medium to flow, and the battery module The group makes the direct contact between the cooling medium and the battery cells through the cooling water channel to achieve thermal management control for the battery.

Further, the box body includes a box body side plate, a box body top plate and a box body bottom plate, and the box body top plate and the box body bottom plate are provided with a plurality of via holes for installing the battery cells.

Further, the box top plate includes an outer box top plate, an inner box top plate, and a box top plate side plate, and there is a uniform gap between the box top plate outer plate and the box top plate inner plate and is connected to the box top plate side. The plates form upper cooling channels.

Further, a sealing member is provided between the via hole of the outer plate of the box top plate and the cell, and a gap for cooling medium to flow in is left between the via hole of the inner plate of the box top plate and the cell.

Further, the box bottom plate includes a box bottom plate outer plate, a box bottom plate inner plate and a box bottom plate side plate. The plates form lower cooling channels.

Further, a sealing member is provided between the via hole of the outer plate of the box bottom plate and the cell, and a gap for the cooling medium to flow out is left between the via hole of the inner plate of the box bottom plate and the cell.

Further, the upper cooling water channel and the side panels of the top plate of the box are provided with a water inlet for the inflow of cooling medium, the lower cooling water channel and the side plates of the bottom plate of the box are provided with a water outlet for the outflow of the cooling medium, the The water inlet and outlet are set on the same side.

Further, the upper cooling water channel is provided with a dividing plate for dividing the cooling medium at the water inlet.

Further, a plurality of partition plates for dividing the cooling medium are respectively arranged in the upper cooling water channel.

Further, the baffle includes a transverse baffle and a longitudinal baffle, and the baffle can change the flow area of the flow channel according to the impact of the cooling medium with different flow rates.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the integrated battery thermal management system provided by the present invention adopts the cooling medium to directly contact the battery cells for cooling, which eliminates the traditional water-cooling plate, so that the arrangement of the battery module in the battery pack is relatively simple; By controlling the flow rate of the cooling medium, the cooling and heating rates of the cells can be significantly increased, so that the power battery can work in a suitable temperature range; when the cells are thermally out of control, the cooling liquid can be directly heated and evaporated to absorb heat to slow down the rate of thermal runaway. , to increase the time for safe rescue and escape.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the present invention is further described:

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the front sectional view of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the sectional view of A-A in Fig. 2;

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the separator.

Wherein, the above drawings include the following reference signs: 1-battery core; 2-box body; 3-box body top plate; 31-box body top plate outer plate; 32-box body top plate inner plate; 33-box body top plate side plate ;4- bottom plate of box body; 41- outer plate of box bottom plate; 42- inner plate of box bottom plate; 43- side plate of box body bottom plate; 5- side plate of box body; 6- water inlet; 7- water outlet; 8- Diverter plate; 9-partition plate; 91-hinge; 92-spring; 93-screen plate; 10-sealing ring.

Detailed ways

As shown in the figure, the integrated battery thermal management system provided by the present invention includes a battery module composed of several battery cells 1 and a box body 2 for installing the battery cells. The box body 2 is provided with a cooling medium. A flowing cooling water channel, through which the battery module makes direct contact between the cooling medium and the battery cells to achieve thermal management control for the battery.

The structure of the present invention directly contacts the cooling medium through the battery module, which can form a good thermal block. Once thermal runaway occurs, the cooling liquid is heated and evaporated to absorb heat, which can also slow down the thermal runaway rate, which increases the safety of rescue and escape. time; using the box 2 as the mounting bracket for the battery cells 1, integrating multiple cells in series to form a battery module, and directly setting the cooling water channel inside the box 2 by changing the internal structure of the box 2, eliminating the need for The traditional battery pack adopts the cooling method of installing a water-cooling plate at the bottom of the battery module, which makes the arrangement of the battery module in the battery pack relatively simple; when the cooling medium flows through the cooling water channel in the battery module, it can directly contact the battery cell 1. , can control the temperature of the battery cell 1 in real time, and then control the temperature of the battery module; at the same time, the temperature control of the battery module is mainly by controlling the flow rate of the cooling medium in the cooling water channel, and then according to the module temperature. Different liquid mold forms are formed on the surface, so that the power battery can be maintained in a suitable temperature range to work and achieve the purpose of control. The battery cell 1 in the present invention uses a lithium battery cell in the conventional technology, but its shape is not unique, and can be cylindrical, square column, etc., and a cylindrical battery cell is used in this embodiment; Since the cooling medium needs to be in direct contact with the battery core 1, it is necessary to consider whether there is an insulation problem, so a direct cooling medium, such as cooling oil, cooling liquid, etc., is used. The cooling liquid is used in this embodiment, which will not be repeated here;

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 , the box body 2 includes a box body side plate 5 , a box body top plate 3 and a box body bottom plate 4 , and the box body top plate 3 and the box body bottom plate 4 are provided with a number of holes for installation The via hole of the battery cell 1; the box body 2 is a metal box body formed by connecting and fixing multiple metal stamping structural parts. The shape and size of the box body are determined according to the number of cells and the size of the battery pack during specific use. It is not limited to a square body; by opening the via holes for installing the battery cell 1 on the box body top plate 3 and the box body bottom plate 4, the box body 2 is directly used as the installation bracket of the battery core 1, and the battery core 1 plays a fixed role; The shape and size of the hole can be formulated according to the shape and size of the cell 1 .

In this embodiment, the box top plate 3 includes a box top plate outer plate 31 , a box top plate inner plate 32 and a box top plate side plate 33 . There is a uniform gap and an upper cooling water channel is formed with the box top plate side plates 33; the box bottom plate 4 includes a box bottom plate outer plate 41, a box bottom plate inner plate 42 and a box bottom plate side plate 43, and the box bottom plate There is a uniform gap between the plate 41 and the inner plate 42 of the bottom plate of the box body and form a lower cooling water channel with the side plate 43 of the bottom plate of the box body.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the box top plate 3 and the box bottom plate 4 are in the form of inner and outer plates plus side plates, respectively forming an upper cooling water channel and a lower cooling water channel, and the upper cooling water channel and the lower cooling water channel pass through the box body plate 5 . The whole box body 2 is formed by connecting and fixing; this structure enables the cooling liquid to be effectively sealed inside the box body 2 to ensure that the cooling liquid will not leak when flowing through the cooling water channel.

In this embodiment, a sealing member 10 is provided between the through holes of the outer plate 31 of the box top plate and the cells, and a gap for the inflow of the cooling medium is left between the through holes of the inner plate 32 of the box body and the cells 1 . A sealing member 10 is provided between the via hole of the outer plate 41 of the box bottom plate and the cell 1, and a gap for the cooling medium to flow out is left between the via hole of the inner plate 42 of the box bottom plate and the cell 1.

As shown in Figure 2, the seal is arranged at the contact position between the battery core and the outside of the box. The main function is to ensure that the cooling liquid will not leak. Generally, a sealing ring or sealant is used. In this example, the sealing ring 10 is used; the box body The outer plate 31 of the top plate is in close contact with the cell 2 and is sealed with the sealing ring 10. The inner plate 32 of the box top plate is slightly smaller than the outer plate 31 of the box top plate and there is a gap between it and the battery core 1; The box top plate 3 is the same, the box bottom plate outer plate 41 is in close contact with the cell 2, and is sealed with the sealing ring 10, the box bottom plate inner plate 42 is slightly smaller than the box bottom plate outer plate 41 and between the cell 1 there is a gap

When the cooling liquid flows through the upper cooling water channel, it flows into the cavity formed between the box top plate 3 , the box bottom plate 4 and the box body side plate 5 through the gap between the box top plate inner plate 32 and the cell 1 . , and directly contact with the side of the cell 1 for cooling, take the heat out, and then flow out of the cavity into the lower cooling water channel through the gap between the inner plate 42 of the box bottom plate and the cell 1 . A gap is set between each cell and the bottom or top plate of the box, so that the cooling liquid can directly contact each cell, which can well avoid the thermal runaway spread problem caused by the thermal runaway of a single cell.

In this embodiment, the upper cooling water channel and the side plate 33 of the box top plate are provided with a water inlet 6 for the inflow of the cooling medium, and the lower cooling water channel and the side plate 43 of the box bottom plate are provided with a water inlet 6 for the cooling medium to flow out. The water outlet 7, the water inlet 6 and the water outlet 7 are arranged on the same side. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the water inlet and outlet of the upper and lower cooling water channels are arranged on the sides of the top plate 3 and the bottom plate 4 of the box, and the battery modules can be reduced in size compared to the top or bottom. The space size in the height direction reduces the structural size of the battery pack in the height direction, making the battery pack lighter and reducing the manufacturing cost; the water inlet 6 and the water outlet 7 are arranged on the same side, which can make the cooling pipeline in the battery pack. It is easier to connect the water inlet 6 and the water outlet 7, so that the overall structure of the battery pack is more compact and occupies less space in the vehicle body; if thermal runaway occurs, the cooling liquid evaporates and absorbs heat, and its steam can be discharged through the water inlet and outlet to discharge pressure.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 , the upper cooling water channel is provided with a dividing plate 8 at the water inlet 6 for dividing the cooling medium; It can be better distributed into the upper cooling water channel.

In this embodiment, the upper cooling water channel is also provided with a number of partitions 9 for dividing the cooling medium; the partitions include transverse partitions and longitudinal partitions, and the partitions can be adjusted according to different flow rates. The cooling medium impingement changes the flow area of the flow channel.

As shown in FIG. 3, the partitions 9 inside the upper cooling water channel are respectively the transverse partitions arranged in the inflow direction of the cooling liquid from the water inlet 6 and the longitudinal partitions arranged perpendicular to the transverse partitions, the transverse partitions and the longitudinal partitions. They are respectively fixed and installed between the horizontal outermost battery core and the box body side plate 5 at the water inlet 6 and between the longitudinal outermost battery core and the box body side plate 5 at the water inlet 6; the partition plate 9 is installed and fixed on the top plate of the box body. Between the outer plate and the inner plate, the main function is to distribute the cooling liquid to each cell. According to the number of cells and the size of the cooling water channel, the partition 9 can be adapted according to the specific use situation: when the number of cells is relatively When the cooling water channel is small and the cooling water channel is small, the metal mesh plate can be directly used for shunting. It is only necessary to change the size and number of the leakage holes on each metal mesh plate from the water inlet to the rear, and then the cooling liquid can be changed every time it passes through the partition. When the number of cells is large and the cooling water channel is large, the metal mesh plate with elastic adjustment can be used to divide the flow, as shown in Figure 4, the partition 9 has mesh plates 93, Hinges 91 and springs 92 are formed. The mesh plates close to the side panels of the box top plate are fixedly connected to the outer and inner plates of the box top plate. A spring 92 is arranged between the two mesh plates, and the spring force of the spring 92 on each partition plate is gradually weakened from the water inlet 6 to the rear. When the cooling liquid of different flow impacts the partition plate 9, the spring 92 will bear different degrees of tension. Or pressure, the screen plate close to the cell then rotates around the hinge, thereby changing the flow area of the runner, and playing the role of distributing the flow.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be Modifications or equivalent substitutions without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An integrated battery thermal management system, characterized in that it comprises a battery module consisting of several battery cells and a box body for installing the battery cells, wherein a cooling water channel for the flow of a cooling medium is provided in the box body, The battery module realizes the thermal management control of the battery through the direct contact between the cooling medium and the battery cell through the cooling water channel. 2 . The integrated battery thermal management system according to claim 1 , wherein the box body comprises a box body side plate, a box body top plate and a box body bottom plate, and the box body top plate and the box body bottom plate are provided with Several vias for mounting cells. 3 . The integrated battery thermal management system according to claim 2 , wherein the box body top plate comprises a box body top plate outer plate, a box body top plate inner plate and a box body top plate side plate, and the box body top plate is outside the box body top plate. 4 . There is a uniform gap between the plate and the inner plate of the box top plate, and an upper cooling water channel is formed with the side plates of the box top plate. 4 . The integrated battery thermal management system according to claim 3 , wherein a sealing member is provided between the via holes of the outer plate of the top plate of the box and the cells, and the via holes of the inner plate of the box top plate are connected to the electric cores. 5 . A gap is left between the cores for the cooling medium to flow in. 5 . The integrated battery thermal management system according to claim 2 , wherein the box bottom plate comprises a box bottom plate outer plate, a box bottom plate inner plate and a box bottom plate side plate, and the box bottom plate is outside the box bottom plate. 6 . There is a uniform gap between the plate and the inner plate of the bottom plate of the box body, and a lower cooling water channel is formed with the side plate of the bottom plate of the box body. 6 . The integrated battery thermal management system according to claim 5 , wherein a sealing member is provided between the via holes of the outer plate of the box bottom plate and the cells, and the via holes of the inner plate of the box bottom plate are connected to the electric cores. 7 . There are gaps between the cores for the cooling medium to flow out. 7 . The integrated battery thermal management system according to claim 3 , wherein the upper cooling water channel and the side panels of the top plate of the box are provided with water inlets for the inflow of cooling medium, and the lower cooling water channel is connected to the cooling water channel. 8 . A water outlet for cooling medium to flow out is provided on the side plate of the bottom plate of the box body, and the water inlet and the water outlet are arranged on the same side. 8 . The integrated battery thermal management system according to claim 7 , wherein the upper cooling water channel is provided with a dividing plate for dividing the cooling medium at the water inlet. 9 . 9 . The integrated battery thermal management system according to claim 8 , wherein the upper cooling water channel is further provided with a plurality of partitions for dividing the cooling medium. 10 . 10 . The integrated battery thermal management system according to claim 9 , wherein the separator comprises a transverse separator and a longitudinal separator, and the separator can impact on the flow area of the flow channel according to the cooling medium of different flow rates. 11 . make changes.

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